CN107180988B - Microbial fuel cell and sewage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a microbial fuel cell and a sewage treatment device. The microbial fuel cell includes: the supporting framework is provided with a cavity communicated with the outside; the cathode layer is arranged on one side of the supporting framework away from the cavity and surrounds the supporting framework, and the cathode layer is formed by a cathode material; a separator disposed around the cathode layer; and an anode layer disposed around the separation membrane, the anode layer being formed of an anode material and loaded with microorganisms. The microbial fuel cell provided by the application can combine the process of decomposing COD in sewage by microorganisms with the water filtering process in the working process, so that electricity can be generated while the sewage is purified, and high-concentration organic wastewater can be treated; the device has high impact load resistance, can be assembled into a sewage treatment device, has the characteristic of modularization, and is beneficial to the amplification and scale of the sewage treatment device; easy construction, low cost of raw materials for manufacturing and contribution to industrialized popularization.

Description

Microbial fuel cell, sewage treatment device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular, the invention relates to a microbial fuel cell and a sewage treatment device.

Background technique

At present, environmental issues and energy issues are two major problems facing social development. Microbial fuel cells can not only realize the output of electric energy, but also use electricity-producing microorganisms to decompose organic matter in sewage while generating electric energy, thereby realizing sewage treatment. Specifically, the electrogenic microorganisms attached to the anode are used to oxidize the organic matter in the sewage, while the cathode accepts electrons to complete the reduction half-reaction. When the potential of the cathode is higher than the potential of the anode, electric energy can be output externally.

However, the current microbial fuel cells and sewage treatment devices still need to be improved.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

During the research process, the inventor of the present invention provided a microbial fuel cell and a sewage treatment device.

When the microbial fuel cell is working, the sewage passes through the outer anode layer, separation membrane and cathode layer, and finally flows out from the hollow support frame. During the working process of the microbial fuel cell, the microbial decomposition of COD in the sewage can be combined with the water filtration process. The electricity-producing microorganisms loaded on the anode layer can also oxidize the organic matter in the sewage to generate electrons and be received by the cathode layer. Thus completing the reduction half reaction. In this way, while purifying sewage, the microbial fuel cell can also effectively generate electricity and can treat high-concentration organic wastewater. Moreover, the microbial fuel cell has a high impact load resistance; it can also be used as a core module of a sewage treatment device and assembled into a sewage treatment device, so it has a modular feature and is easy to apply to sewage treatment devices of different scales, which is beneficial to the reactor. Amplify and scale.

The sewage treatment device includes a water inlet unit, a microbial fuel cell, a water outlet unit, and an electric energy recovery unit. The structure is compact and simple, and it is easy to realize the enlargement of the device configuration; It has the characteristics of low energy consumption, impact load resistance, and the use of sewage chemical energy to generate electricity. It can not only be used for domestic sewage treatment, but also can be applied to the treatment of high-concentration organic industrial wastewater, such as the treatment of coal gas wastewater.

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to propose a microbial fuel cell that can treat both low-concentration domestic sewage and high-concentration organic wastewater, can use sewage chemical energy to generate electricity, or has low manufacturing cost.

In a first aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a microbial fuel cell.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microbial fuel cell includes: a supporting framework, the supporting framework has a chamber communicating with the outside world; a cathode layer, the cathode layer is arranged on the side of the supporting framework away from the chamber , and surround the support frame, and the cathode layer is formed of a cathode material; a separation film, the separation film is disposed around the cathode layer; and an anode layer, the anode layer is disposed around the separation film, and the The anode layer is formed of an anode material and is loaded with microorganisms.

The inventor unexpectedly found that the microbial fuel cell of the embodiment of the present invention can organically combine the process of microorganisms decomposing organic pollutants and the process of water filtration, and the electricity-producing microorganisms loaded on the anode oxidize the organic matter in the sewage, generate electrons and receive them by the cathode Thus completing the reduction half reaction. In this way, while purifying sewage, the microbial fuel cell can also effectively generate electricity, and can treat high-concentration organic wastewater; and it has a high impact load resistance, can be assembled into a sewage treatment device, and has modular features, which is beneficial to Amplification and scale of sewage treatment equipment; easy to build, low cost of manufacturing raw materials, and conducive to the potential of industrialization.

In addition, the microbial fuel cell according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the separation membrane is selected from at least one of glass fiber, filter cloth, plastic mesh, nylon cloth, cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode material and the anode material are independently selected from at least one of activated carbon particles, graphite particles and carbon fiber cloth.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode layer further includes a first cathode collector network and a second cathode collector network, and the first cathode collector network and the second cathode collector network are respectively arranged on two sides of the cathode material. side.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anode layer further includes a first anode collector grid and a second anode collector grid, and the first anode collector grid and the second anode collector grid are respectively arranged on both sides of the cathode material. side.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first cathode grid, the second cathode grid, the first anode grid and the second anode grid are each independently titanium mesh or stainless steel mesh.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microbial fuel cell further includes: a support layer, the support layer is arranged on the outer wall of the anode layer, and the support layer is a titanium mesh or a stainless steel mesh.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a sewage treatment device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment device includes: a sewage treatment unit, the sewage treatment unit includes at least one of the above-mentioned microbial fuel cells; a water inlet unit, the water inlet unit is used to supply the sewage treatment unit with Sewage; a water outlet unit connected to the sewage treatment unit for collecting water filtered by the microbial fuel cell; and an electric energy recovery unit electrically connected to the sewage treatment unit.

The inventor unexpectedly found that the sewage treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention has a compact and simple structure and is easy to realize the enlargement of the device configuration; as a modularized and componentized sewage treatment and energy recovery device, it has low energy consumption, durable Shock load, the use of sewage chemical energy to generate electricity and other characteristics, can be used not only for domestic sewage treatment, but also for industrial wastewater treatment. Those skilled in the art can understand that the features and advantages described above for the microbial fuel cell are still applicable to the sewage treatment device, and will not be repeated here.

In addition, the sewage treatment device according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment device further includes: an aeration unit, at least a part of the aeration unit is disposed in the cathode layer of the microbial fuel cell.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aeration unit comprises a perforated pipe.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment device includes a plurality of sewage treatment units, and the plurality of sewage treatment units are arranged in parallel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment device includes a plurality of sewage treatment units, and the plurality of sewage treatment units are arranged in series.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and understandable from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cross section of the microbial fuel cell of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the longitudinal section of the microbial fuel cell of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the cross section of the microbial fuel cell of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sewage treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a front structural schematic diagram of a sewage treatment device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic top view of a sewage treatment device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the facade structure of the weir plate of the water distribution tank of the sewage treatment device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a COD change diagram of coal-gas wastewater treated by a sewage treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a diagram of synchronous power generation of coal-gas wastewater treated by a sewage treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a power diagram of synchronous power generation for coal-to-gas wastewater treatment by a sewage treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

reference sign

10 Support skeleton

20 cathode layer

21 The first cathode grid

22 Second cathode grid

30 separator film

40 anode layer

41 The first anode collector grid

42 Second anode collector grid

50 support layers

100 microbial fuel cells

200 sewage treatment unit

300 water inlet unit

310 distribution tank

3110 Distribution tank weir plate

400 outlet unit

500 Power Recovery Unit

600 aeration unit

Detailed ways

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, and those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, in the following examples that do not explicitly describe specific techniques or conditions, those skilled in the art can carry out according to commonly used techniques or conditions in this field or according to product instructions. The reagents or instruments used were not indicated by the manufacturer, and they were all commercially available conventional products.

In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a microbial fuel cell. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the microbial fuel cell of the present invention will be described in detail.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the microbial fuel cell 100 (not shown in the figure) includes: a supporting frame 10 , a cathode layer 20 , a separation membrane 30 and an anode layer 40 . Wherein, the support frame 10 has a chamber 11 communicating with the outside world; the cathode layer 20 is arranged on the side of the support frame 10 away from the chamber 11, and surrounds the support frame 10, and the cathode layer 20 is formed by a cathode material; the separator 30 surrounds the cathode The layer 20 is provided; and the anode layer 40 is provided around the separation membrane 30, the anode layer 40 is formed of an anode material and is loaded with microorganisms. It should be noted that the "outside" herein specifically refers to the space outside the microbial fuel cell, and the "chamber" specifically refers to the hollow structure supporting the center of the framework.

The inventors of the present invention discovered during the research process that when the microbial fuel cell is working, the sewage flows through the outer anode layer 40 , separation membrane 30 and cathode layer 20 , and finally flows out from the hollow support frame 10 . During the working process, the microbial decomposition process of COD in sewage can be combined with the water filtration process. The electricity-producing microorganisms loaded on the anode layer 40 can also oxidize the organic matter in the sewage, generate electrons and be received by the cathode layer 20 to complete the reduction half-reaction . In this way, while purifying sewage, the microbial fuel cell can also effectively generate electricity, and can treat high-concentration organic wastewater, and the microbial fuel cell has a high impact load resistance; it can also be used as the core of a sewage treatment device and assembled to sewage treatment In the device, it has the characteristics of modularization, and is easy to apply to sewage treatment devices of different scales, which is beneficial to the enlargement and scale of the reactor.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific material of the separation membrane 30 is not particularly limited, as long as the separation membrane 30 composed of the material can effectively promote the filtration effect of the microbial fuel cell to sewage, those skilled in the art can according to the The substances contained in the purified sewage are selected. In some embodiments of the present invention, the separation membrane 30 can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, filter cloth, plastic mesh, nylon cloth, cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane. In this way, the use of the above-mentioned materials can further improve the sewage treatment effect and power generation efficiency of the microbial fuel cell.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific material of the supporting frame 10 is not particularly limited, as long as the supporting frame 10 composed of the material can effectively provide internal support for the microbial fuel cell, those skilled in the art can according to the microbial fuel cell Choose according to the specific requirements of the battery. In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the support frame 10 can be selected from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Like this, the support frame 10 adopting the above-mentioned material can meet the requirements of internal support, thereby making the impact load resistance of the microbial fuel cell The ability is better, and the manufacturing cost is low, and it has the potential of industrial batch production. In some specific examples of the present invention, the supporting frame 10 can also be a hollowed-out inner structure, so that while maintaining the supporting function of the supporting frame 10, the water purification efficiency of the microbial fuel cell can also be increased.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific shape of the supporting frame 10 is not particularly limited, as long as the supporting frame 10 of this shape can effectively provide internal support for the microbial fuel cell, those skilled in the art can make according to the actual situation. design. In some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting frame 10 may include a central ring part and a base part, wherein the central ring part provides lateral support for the entire microbial fuel cell, and the base part provides vertical support for other layers. It can also be assembled to the sewage treatment device while supporting the force.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of cathode material forming the cathode layer 20 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to the specific reaction type of the microbial fuel cell. In some embodiments of the present invention, the cathode material may be selected from at least one of activated carbon particles, graphite particles and carbon fiber cloth. In this way, the cathode layer 20 using the above-mentioned types of materials can effectively receive electrons, so that the efficiency of electricity production of the microbial fuel cell is higher.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the cathode layer 20 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to the specific type of cathode material. In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, the cathode layer 20 may further include a first cathode collector network 21 and a second cathode collector network 22, and the first cathode collector network 21 and the second cathode collector network 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cathode material. In this way, the collector grids provided on both sides of the cathode material can collect the electrons received by the cathode layer 20 to the electric energy recovery unit of the sewage treatment device, thereby effectively collecting and utilizing the electric energy generated by the microbial fuel cell while purifying sewage.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of anode material forming the anode layer 40 is not particularly limited, as long as the anode layer 40 formed by this type of material can support electrogenic microorganisms, those skilled in the art can select according to the microorganisms loaded. specific type of selection. In some embodiments of the present invention, the anode material may be selected from at least one of activated carbon particles, graphite particles and carbon fiber cloth. In this way, the use of the anode layer 40 of the above materials can effectively support the microorganisms producing electricity, so that the sewage treatment effect of the microbial fuel cell is better.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the anode layer 40 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to the specific type of cathode material. In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , the anode layer 40 may further include a first anode collector grid 41 and a second anode collector grid 42, and the first anode collector grid 41 and the second anode collector grid 42 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cathode material. In this way, the collector grids respectively arranged on both sides of the anode material can connect the anode layer 40 with the electric energy recovery unit of the sewage treatment device, thereby effectively utilizing the electric energy generated by the microbial fuel cell while purifying sewage.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific materials of the first cathode collector grid 21, the second cathode collector grid 22, the first anode collector grid 41 and the second anode collector grid 42 are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can The selection is made according to the specific material size of the cathode layer 20 and the anode layer 40 and the requirement of the microbial fuel cell's impact load resistance performance. In some embodiments of the present invention, titanium mesh or stainless steel mesh can be selected independently for each of the above-mentioned collector meshes. In this way, the use of the collecting grid of the above materials can make the microbial fuel cell have better impact load resistance.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , the microbial fuel cell may further include a support layer 50 . Wherein, the supporting layer 50 is arranged on the outer wall of the second anode current collecting net 42 , and the supporting layer 50 can be a titanium mesh or a stainless steel mesh. In this way, the use of the support layer 50 of the above materials can make the microbial fuel cell have better impact load resistance and structural stability.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific shape of the cross-section of the microbial fuel is not particularly limited, such as circular, square, etc., and those skilled in the art can design it according to the environment in which the microbial fuel cell is used. In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 , the cross-sectional shape of the microbial fuel can be circular, so that the thickness of each layer at different positions is uniform, and the sewage treatment effect is more uniform everywhere.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific height of the microbial fuel is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design and adjust it according to the size of the sewage treatment device assembled with the microbial fuel, and details will not be repeated here. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the concrete thickness of each layer structure (comprising support frame, cathode layer, separation layer, anode layer and support layer) of this microbial fuel is not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can according to actual water purification The effect and power generation efficiency are designed and adjusted, and will not be repeated here.

In summary, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention proposes a microbial fuel cell, which has the following benefits:

1. The microbial fuel cell has the characteristics of modularization and is easy to be applied to sewage treatment devices of different scales, which is beneficial to the enlargement and scale of the reactor;

2. The microbial fuel cell is easy to build and assemble, and it is easy to adjust the material selection and size of the cathode and anode according to the water quality characteristics;

3. The microbial fuel cell has a wide range of constituent materials and low cost, which greatly reduces the cost of the bioelectrochemical system and is helpful for popularization and use.

In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a sewage treatment device. Referring to Figures 4-7, the sewage treatment device of the present invention will be described in detail.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , the sewage treatment device includes: a sewage treatment unit 200 , a water inlet unit 300 , a water outlet unit 400 and an electric energy recovery unit 500 . Wherein, the sewage treatment unit 200 includes at least one above-mentioned microbial fuel cell 100; the water inlet unit 300 is used to supply sewage to the sewage treatment unit 200; water; and the electric energy recovery unit 500 is connected with the sewage treatment unit 200 .

The inventors of the present invention discovered during the research process that the sewage treatment device includes a water inlet unit 300, a microbial fuel cell 100, a water outlet unit 400, and an electric energy recovery unit 500, and its structure is compact and simple, and it is easy to realize the enlargement of the device configuration; as A modular and component-type sewage treatment and energy recovery device, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption, impact load resistance, and the ability to use sewage chemical energy to generate electricity. It can be used for both domestic sewage treatment and industrial wastewater treatment .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 5, the sewage treatment device further includes: an aeration unit 600, at least a part of the aeration unit 600 is arranged in the cathode layer of the microbial fuel cell 100, for providing an aerobic environment to the cathode layer . In this way, sewage sequentially passes through anaerobic (inlet unit 300)-anaerobic (anode layer 40 of microbial fuel cell 100)-aerobic (cathode layer 20 of microbial fuel cell 100 and central aerobic zone), thereby forming a membrane bioelectricity. Chemically enhanced anaerobic-anaerobic-aerobic (AAO) treatment mode. In some embodiments of the present invention, the aeration unit 600 may include at least one perforated tube, and the perforated tube may be embedded in the cathode layer 20 to provide a more uniform aerobic environment in the cathode layer 20 . In some specific examples of the present invention, the perforated tube can also be embedded and surrounded in the cathode layer 20 , so as to further provide a more uniform aerobic environment in the cathode layer 20 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment unit 200 includes a plurality of microbial fuel cells 100 . It should be noted that all "plurality" herein refers to two or more. In some embodiments of the present invention, the sewage treatment unit 200 may include six microbial fuel cells 100 .

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific connection mode of the waterways between the multiple microbial fuel cells 100 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design and implement according to the sewage treatment capacity requirements and water purification effect standards of the sewage treatment device. connect. For example, the waterways between multiple microbial fuel cells 100 can be connected in parallel or in series. It should be noted that, in this application, "a waterway between multiple microbial fuel cells" refers to the passage through which sewage flows through multiple microbial fuel cells 100, and "series mode" refers to the sewage flowing through one microbial fuel cell 100, and then The second microbial fuel cell 100 is used for treatment; "parallel mode" means that the sewage flows through multiple microbial fuel cells 100 at the same time. Using multiple microbial fuel cells 100 in series mode can improve the sewage treatment efficiency of the sewage treatment unit 200 , and using multiple microbial fuel cells 100 in parallel mode can increase the sewage treatment capacity of the sewage treatment unit 200 . Moreover, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of microbial fuel cells 100 in the sewage treatment unit 200 can also be set in series and parallel mode at the same time, thereby further improving the treatment effect of the sewage treatment unit 200 .

In some specific examples of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the water paths between multiple microbial fuel cells 100 can be connected in parallel. Specifically, referring to Figures 5-7, the water inlet unit 300 may further include a water distribution tank 310 and a water distribution tank weir plate 3110; After the multiple holes of the plate 3110 evenly distribute the sewage, it flows into the sewage treatment unit 200 for purification and power generation; In this way, using multiple microbial fuel cells 100 in parallel can efficiently treat high-concentration organic wastewater with a large throughput, which is beneficial to the enlarged use and large-scale treatment of sewage treatment devices, and has higher power generation efficiency.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment device may include a plurality of sewage treatment units 200, so that large-flux organic wastewater can be treated more effectively or high-concentration organic wastewater can be purified better. In some specific examples of the present invention, multiple sewage treatment units 200 may be arranged in series. In this way, a plurality of sewage treatment units 200 can be used in series, so that the sewage treatment device can better purify and treat high-concentration organic sewage. In other specific examples of the present invention, multiple sewage treatment units 200 may also adopt a multi-stage operation mode. In this way, a plurality of sewage treatment units 200 will be set in a multi-stage operation mode, which can improve the purification treatment effect and power generation efficiency of the sewage treatment device.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric energy recovery unit 500 may include an electrically connected lighting system or an electric energy storage system. In this way, the sewage treatment device can make full use of the chemical energy of sewage to generate electric energy, thereby realizing the advantages of multi-functionality and low energy consumption of the device.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, an external power supply can also be added to the microbial fuel cell 100, so that the water purification effect and water purification efficiency of each microbial fuel cell 100 can be further improved, so that the sewage treatment device can treat high-concentration industrial wastewater. Both water effect and water purification efficiency have been significantly improved.

In summary, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention proposes a sewage treatment device, which has the following benefits:

1. Compared with the traditional single-chamber, double-chamber, tubular and other bioelectrochemical system configurations, the sewage treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of being easy to scale up and applicable to a wide range of treatment, which is beneficial to the treatment actual waste water.

2. Compared with the traditional sewage treatment system, the sewage treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention has low energy consumption and can directly convert the chemical energy in the sewage into electric energy while treating sewage, and can realize the in-situ utilization of electric energy Strengthen sewage treatment.

3. Compared with the traditional sewage treatment system, the sewage treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention has a higher impact load resistance, can be used for the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater, and can also use the reduction process of the cathode and the oxidation process of the anode , Treatment of refractory organic wastewater.

The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are only illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1

In this example, a microbial fuel cell and a sewage treatment device were assembled and used. details as follows:

(1) Construction of microbial fuel cell: the component is 1 meter high and 155 mm in diameter cylindrical, from the inside to the outside are the support frame, cathode layer (including aeration system), separation layer, anode layer and support layer. Among them, the supporting frame is made of PVC, its base is a disc with a diameter of 155mm, and its center is a circular water outlet with a diameter of 25mm. The main body is a skeleton with a diameter of 89mm and a height of 1000mm. The thickness of the cathode layer is about 18mm. The inner and outer sides are collected by 50-mesh titanium mesh, and the middle is filled with granular carbon, and the filling quality is about 2.5kg. The cathode layer is embedded with an aeration system, and a 6mm diameter perforated tube is embedded and surrounds the cathode layer. The separation layer is supported by filter cloth and plastic mesh. The thickness of the anode layer is about 10mm, the inner and outer sides are collected by 50-mesh titanium mesh, and the middle is filled with granular carbon, and the filling quality is about 2.5kg. The supporting layer is combined with the outer collector layer of the anode.

(2) Sewage treatment device: a sewage treatment device including the above-mentioned 6 groups of microbial fuel cells, and also includes a water inlet unit, a water outlet unit and an electric energy recovery unit. The plane of the device is rectangular, with a length of 2400mm and a width of 1200mm. The height of the microbial fuel cell is 1440mm, and the height of the effluent collection unit is 300mm. The waterway between the microbial fuel cells adopts a parallel mode, that is, the center of the upper layer is a water distribution tank, and the weir plate is distributed with 12 holes with a diameter of 20mm for evenly distributing sewage. The two titanium meshes of the cathode are connected by multiple sets of titanium wires, and the two titanium meshes of the anode are connected by multiple sets of titanium wires. Between the cathode and the anode, connect an external resistor of 5 ohms.

(3) In this example, coal chemical industry coal gas wastewater is used as raw water, and the influent concentration commonly used in coal gas wastewater treatment plants is 2500-3000mg/L COD as the initial operating condition, and the influent concentration is gradually increased to 9000mg/L COD can maintain a relatively fast COD degradation rate, and at the same time realize the power generation of refractory sewage. This example is also the world's first microbial fuel cell pilot plant applied to coal chemical wastewater treatment.

The results of wastewater treatment and electricity generation in this embodiment are shown in Figures 8-10.

The sewage treatment device of this embodiment treats the COD of coal-gas wastewater, as shown in FIG. 8 . It can be seen from Figure 8 that when the first treatment cycle is added to the sewage treatment plant with sewage with a COD of 3000 mg/L, the COD drops below 1000 mg/L after 200 hours of circulating treatment; , add sewage with a COD of 4000mg/L to the sewage treatment plant, and after 200 hours of circulating treatment, the COD will drop to about 1000mg/L; in the third treatment cycle, add sewage with a COD of 5000mg/L to the sewage treatment plant , COD drops below 2000mg/L after 100 hours of circulating treatment; in the fourth treatment cycle, add sewage with COD of 9000mg/L to the sewage treatment plant, after 200 hours of circulating treatment, COD drops below 3000mg/L . The experimental results show that although the filling amount of each microbial fuel cell is small, it can still be applied to the treatment of coal-to-gas wastewater with high COD concentration, and the treatment effect of coal-to-gas wastewater is better.

The synchronous power generation of the sewage treatment device in this embodiment to treat the coal-to-gas wastewater is shown in FIG. 9 . It can be seen from Fig. 9 that the sewage treatment device can also generate electricity more ideally while treating sewage.

The sewage treatment device treats the coal-to-gas wastewater and simultaneously generates power, as shown in Figure 10. Specifically, after setting the external resistance to 1000 ohms and running it stably for 1 to 2 hours, replace the external resistance every ten minutes and measure the corresponding power, where the external resistances are 500, 300, 200, 150, 100, 50 , 30, 20, 15, 10, 5, 3, 2 and 1 ohms. It can be seen from Fig. 10 that the power generation power of the sewage treatment device is high, and the internal resistance of the sewage treatment device itself is smaller than the external resistance of 5 ohms.

Example 2

In this example, the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device were assembled and used according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. The difference is that, in this example:

(1) Construction of microbial fuel cell: Titanium mesh is selected for the support layer; graphite particles are used for the anode layer; nylon cloth is used for the separation layer; graphite particles are used for the cathode layer;

Others are all the same as in Example 1.

Example 3

In this example, the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device were assembled and used according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, the waterways between the six microbial fuel cells are connected in series.

Example 4

In this example, the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device were assembled and used according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, the sewage treatment device includes 2 sewage treatment units, and the 2 sewage treatment units are arranged in series, and the waterways between the 6 microbial fuel cells in each sewage treatment unit are in parallel mode.

Example 5

In this example, the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device were assembled and used according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, LED lamps are connected between the cathode and anode of the microbial fuel cell, that is, the electric energy recovery device is an LED lamp, which forms a lighting system through a booster module.

Example 6

In this example, the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device were assembled and used according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, a capacitor and a capacitor-electromagnetic relay module are connected between the cathode and the anode of the microbial fuel cell, that is, the electric energy recovery device is a capacitor, thereby realizing the function of electric energy storage.

Summarize

It can be concluded from comprehensive examples 1 to 6 that the microbial fuel cell and the sewage treatment device proposed by the present invention. The microbial fuel cell is used as the core module of the sewage treatment device. The separation membrane added between the anode layer and the cathode layer can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect and power generation efficiency of the microbial fuel cell, and can treat high-concentration organic wastewater. The structure of the sewage treatment device is compact and simple, and it is easy to realize the enlargement of the device configuration; as a modularized and componentized sewage treatment and energy recovery device, it has the characteristics of low energy consumption, impact load resistance, and the use of sewage chemical energy to generate electric energy, etc. , can be used not only for the treatment of domestic sewage, but also for the treatment of industrial wastewater.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial" , "radial", "circumferential" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or Elements must have certain orientations, be constructed and operate in certain orientations, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

In the description of the present invention, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be interpreted in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. Disassembled connection, or integration; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (9)

1. A microbial fuel cell, characterized in that, comprising: Support frame, the support frame has a chamber communicated with the outside; the support frame is used to provide internal support for the microbial fuel cell; cathode layer, the cathode layer is arranged on the support frame away from the chamber one side, and surrounds the support frame, and the cathode layer is formed of cathode material; a separator membrane disposed around the cathode layer; and an anode layer, the anode layer is disposed around the separation membrane, and the anode layer is formed of an anode material and loaded with microorganisms; The separation membrane is selected from at least one of glass fiber, filter cloth, plastic mesh, nylon cloth, cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane; The cathode material and the anode material are independently selected from at least one of activated carbon particles, graphite particles and carbon fiber cloth; When the microbial fuel cell is used in a sewage treatment device, an aeration unit is also included, at least a part of the aeration unit is arranged in the cathode layer of the microbial fuel cell. 2. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the cathode layer further comprises a first cathode grid and a second cathode grid, and the first cathode grid and the second cathode grid Grids are respectively arranged on both sides of the cathode material. 3. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the anode layer further comprises a first anode collector network and a second anode collector network, and the first anode collector network and the second anode collector network Grids are respectively arranged on both sides of the cathode material. 4. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the first cathode grid, the second cathode grid, the first anode grid and the second anode grid , are independently titanium mesh or stainless steel mesh. 5. microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprises: A support layer, the support layer is arranged on the outer wall of the anode layer, and the support layer is titanium mesh or stainless steel mesh. 6. A sewage treatment device, characterized in that it comprises: A sewage treatment unit comprising at least one microbial fuel cell according to claims 1-5; a water inlet unit, the water inlet unit is used to supply sewage to the sewage treatment unit; A water outlet unit, the water outlet unit is connected to the sewage treatment unit, and is used to collect the filtered water of the microbial fuel cell; and An electric energy recovery unit, the electric energy recovery unit is electrically connected with the sewage treatment unit. 7. The sewage treatment device according to claim 6, wherein the aeration unit comprises a perforated pipe. 8. The sewage treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sewage treatment units, and the plurality of sewage treatment units are arranged in parallel. 9. The sewage treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sewage treatment units, and the plurality of sewage treatment units are arranged in series.