CN106783009B - Using the alternating electromagnet of accumulator - Google Patents
Using the alternating electromagnet of accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106783009B CN106783009B CN201611224967.3A CN201611224967A CN106783009B CN 106783009 B CN106783009 B CN 106783009B CN 201611224967 A CN201611224967 A CN 201611224967A CN 106783009 B CN106783009 B CN 106783009B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001699 lower leg Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of alternating electromagnet using accumulator, including the regular alternating current electromagnet being made of dynamic iron core, static iron core, resetting spring, magnet exciting coil and the part of electronic unit two, the electronic unit is made of D/C power and holding circuit, control pulse generating circuit, on-off circuit, accumulator, bridge circuit, common port.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Low Voltage Electrical Apparatus, more particularly to it is a kind of use accumulator, can be with efficient electricity-saving using storing up
The alternating electromagnet of energy circuit.
Background technology
Alternating electromagnet is a kind of very extensive low-voltage electrical apparatus of application.Such as AC electromagnetic contactor, alternating current electromagnetic valve,
Alternating electromagnetic tractor, alternating electromagnetic clutch, alternating electromagnetic brake, alternating electromagnetic sucker, alternating electromagnetic crane, exchange
Alternating electromagnet is equipped with the apparatuses such as electromagnetic lock, alternating electromagnetic punching machine, exchange magnetic suspension train.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of regular alternating current electromagnet.This conventional alternating electromagnet is mainly by dynamic iron core M, quiet
Iron core G, resetting spring F, magnet exciting coil L compositions.A1 ends, A2 terminations logical AC220V, AC110V or AC380V as magnet exciting coil L
During voltage (being generally called AC220V, AC110V or AC380V below for AC voltages or field power supply), dynamic iron core M is produced by magnet exciting coil L
The effect of raw magnetic force and with static iron core G close；When the AC voltages on magnet exciting coil L disconnect, dynamic iron core M losss of excitation are simultaneously resetted
The effect of spring F and separate and reset with static iron core G.
The course of work of this conventional alternating electromagnet can be divided into " startup ", " sticking ", Reset three phases：
1st, start：Magnet exciting coil L and AC Voltage On states, dynamic iron core M start.In this stage, to overcome the inertia of dynamic iron core M
With the elastic force of resetting spring F, field power supply must provide larger power (hereinafter referred to as this power is startup power), dynamic and static iron
Core could be mutually attracted.
2nd, sticking：Magnet exciting coil L continues to continue to keep the state being attracted with AC Voltage On states, dynamic and static iron core.In this rank
Section, field power supply need only provide less power (hereinafter referred to as this power is holding power), and dynamic and static iron core can also continue to be attracted.
If in this stage, field power supply provides excessive holding power, will cause waste of energy and causes alternating electromagnet unnecessary
It is heating up；
3rd, reset：Magnet exciting coil L disconnects AC voltages, dynamic and static plunger return separation.
The purposes of alternating electromagnet is multifarious, and structure is also multifarious, but their operation principle, the course of work with
Fig. 1 is identical.Such as：Being made of static iron core G, magnet exciting coil L, spool (equivalent to dynamic iron core) M, resetting spring F shown in Fig. 2
Common fluids commutation alternating current electromagnetic valve the course of work be：Before AC Voltage On states, port 1 is connected with port 4, port 2 and port 3
Connection；After AC Voltage On states, spool (dynamic iron core) M and static iron core G is attracted, and port 1 is connected with port 2, port 5 connects with port 4
It is logical；Shown in Fig. 3 be made of static iron core G, magnet exciting coil L, dynamic iron core M, resetting spring F regular alternating current electromagnetic contactor (with
Lower abbreviation A.C. contactor) the course of work be：Before AC Voltage On states, movable contact is connected with normally-closed contact；After AC Voltage On states,
Dynamic iron core M is attracted with static iron core G, movable contact and normally opened contact are connected.
Conventional alternating electromagnet due to start with the sticking stage, pass to identical AC voltages in magnet exciting coil L, therefore
There are following critical defect：
1st, meaningless power consumption：As already described, in startup and sticking stage, the magnet exciting coil L of regular alternating current electromagnet
Identical AC voltages are passed to, cause holding power excessive, cause meaningless electric energy loss；
2nd, generate heat：Disastrous effect caused by meaningless electric energy loss is heating fever, when serious, or even can burn regular alternating current
The magnet exciting coil L of electromagnet；
3rd, there are annoying AC noise.
4th, after AC Voltage On states, the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil L is produced is not strong enough, the speed that dynamic iron core M and static iron core G are attracted compared with
Slowly.
For the present situation of regular alternating current electromagnet, the present invention want Da to target be：Application electric technology, transforms tradition production
Industry, design it is a kind of use accumulator, can be with the alternating electromagnet using accumulator of efficient electricity-saving.
The content of the invention
The present invention realizes that above-mentioned mesh calibration method is (see Fig. 4)：A kind of alternating electromagnet using accumulator, including by
100 liang of parts of regular alternating current electromagnet and electronic unit that dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, resetting spring F, magnet exciting coil L are formed,
It is characterized in that：The electronic unit 100 is by D/C power and holding circuit 101, control pulse generating circuit 102, on-off circuit
103rd, accumulator 104, bridge circuit 105, common port E are formed；Wherein, 1 end of the D/C power and holding circuit 101 with
The bridge circuit 105 is connected；3 ends of the control pulse generating circuit 102 and the power supply and the 2 of holding circuit 101
End is connected, 4 ends are connected with 5 ends of the on-off circuit 103；6 ends of the on-off circuit 103 and bridge circuit 105
AC2 ends are connected, 7 ends are connected with 8 ends of accumulator 104；9 ends of the accumulator 104 also with bridge circuit 105
AC2 ends are connected；The AC1 ends of the bridge circuit 105 are connected with the P1 ends of AC voltages, DC1 ends are with the magnet exciting coil L's
A1 ends are connected, DC2 ends are connected with the A2 ends of the magnet exciting coil L；The common port E is connected with the P2 ends of AC voltages；
D/C power and holding circuit 101, control pulse generating circuit 102, on-off circuit 103,104 respective one end of accumulator with
The common port E is connected.
The electronic unit 100 is combined by manner discussed above with regular alternating current electromagnet, you can forms the present invention
The signified alternating electromagnet using accumulator.
The method that the D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the bridge circuit 105, can use with
Lower three kinds：The first, D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit 105；Second, DC electricity
Source is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the DC2 ends of bridge circuit 105；The third, D/C power and the 1 of holding circuit 101
End is connected with the DC1 ends of bridge circuit 105.
The D/C power and holding circuit 101 can use a variety of circuit structures, preferred following circuit knot of the invention
Structure：It is made of 1 end, the first capacitance C1, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the second capacitance C2,2 ends；Wherein, it is described
First capacitance C1 one end is connected with 1 end, the cathode of the anode of the other end and the first diode D1, the second diode D2 are equal
It is connected；The cathode of the anode of second diode D2 and the second capacitance C2,2 ends are connected；The cathode of first diode D1,
The anode of two capacitance C2 is connected with common port E.
The control pulse generating circuit 102 can use a variety of circuit structures, preferred following circuit knot of the invention
Structure：
A, it is by 3 ends, the 3rd capacitance C3, first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, triode T1,4 end groups
Into；Wherein：First resistor R1, the respective one end of 3rd resistor R3 are connected with 3 ends；The other end of first resistor R1, second
The base stage of one end of resistance R2, one end of the 3rd capacitance C3 with triode T1 is connected；The other end of 3rd resistor R3, three poles
The collector of pipe T1 is connected with 4 ends；The other end of 3rd capacitance C3, the other end of second resistance R2, the hair of triode T1
Emitter-base bandgap grading is connected (see Fig. 5) with common port E.
B, it is by 3 ends, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7, the 8th resistance R8, the 5th
Capacitance C5, integrated operational amplifier IC1,4 ends composition；Wherein：One end of 4th resistance R4, one end of the 6th resistance R6, the 8th
One end of resistance R8,8 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1 are connected with 3 ends；The other end, the 5th capacitance of 4th resistance R4
One end of C5, one end of the 5th resistance R5 are connected with 2 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1；The other end of 6th resistance R6,
One end of 7th resistance R7 is connected with 3 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1；The other end of 8th resistance R8,4 ends with collection
1 foot into operational amplifier IC1 is connected；The other end of 5th capacitance C5, the other end of the 5th resistance R5, the 7th resistance R7
The other end, 4 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1 are connected (see Fig. 8) with common port E.
The integrated operational amplifier IC1 can select a variety of integrated circuits, the present invention preferably LM393 integrated computations amplification
Device.
C, its by 3 ends, the 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10, the 11st resistance R11, the 6th capacitance C6, it is integrated when base electricity
Road IC2,4 ends composition；Wherein：One end of 9th resistance R9,8 feet of time-base integrated circuit IC2 and 4 feet are connected with 3 ends；Collection
Into 6 feet of time base circuit IC2 and 2 feet, the other end of the 9th resistance R9, one end of the tenth resistance R10, the 6th capacitance C6 one end
Interconnect；One end of 11st resistance R11 is connected with 3 feet of time-base integrated circuit IC2, the other end is connected with 4 ends；
The other end, the other end of the tenth resistance R10,1 foot of time-base integrated circuit IC2 of 6th capacitance C6 is connected with common port E
(see Fig. 9).
The time-base integrated circuit IC2 can select a variety of integrated circuits, preferably 555 time-base integrated circuits of the invention.
The on-off circuit 103 can use a variety of circuit structures, the preferred following circuit structure of the present invention：It is by
Seven diode D7, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier), 5 ends, 6 ends, 7 ends composition；Its
In：The cathode of the 7th diode D7 is connected with 6 ends, anode and the unidirectionally anode of thyratron transistor SCR, the 7 auspicious phases
Connection；The cathode of unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR with it is described be connected with common port E, gate pole be connected with 5 ends (see Fig. 5, Fig. 7,
Fig. 8 or Fig. 9).
The unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR can use other switching devices, such as field-effect tube (Field Effect
Transistor, FET), two-way thyratron transistor (Triode AC Switch, TRIAC), insulated gate bipolar transistor
(Insulatend Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), electron injection enhancement gate transistor (Injection
Enhanced Gate Tansistor, IEGT), static induction thyristor (Static Induction Thyristor, SITH)
Or switching transistor replaces.
The accumulator 104 can use a variety of circuit structures, the preferred following circuit structure of the present invention：It is by 8
End, the 4th capacitance C4, the 8th diode D8,9 ends composition, wherein：The cathode of 4th capacitance C4 is connected with 8 ends, anode and 9 ends
It is connected；The anode of 8th diode D8 is also connected with 8 ends, cathode is connected with common port E (see Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 or figure
9)。
The on-off circuit 103, accumulator 104 are characterized in that：7th diode D7 of on-off circuit 103 and energy storage
4th capacitance C4 of circuit 104 is in parallel；The unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR of on-off circuit 103 and the 8th 2 of accumulator 104 the
Pole pipe D8 is in parallel.
The bridge circuit 105 can use a variety of circuit structures, the preferred following circuit structure of the present invention：It is by
Three diode D3, the 4th diode D4, the 5th diode D5, the 6th diode D6, AC1 ends, AC2 ends, DC1 ends, DC2 ends group
Into, wherein：Anode, the cathode of the 4th diode D4 of 3rd diode D3 is connected with AC1 ends；3rd diode D3 is just
Pole, the cathode of the 5th diode D5 are connected with DC2 ends；Anode, the anode of the 6th diode D6 of 4th diode D4 is equal
It is connected with DC1 ends；Anode, the cathode of the 6th diode D6 of 5th diode D5 be connected with AC2 ends (see Fig. 5, Fig. 7,
Fig. 8 or Fig. 9).
With the application of the invention, following beneficial effect can be obtained：
1st, efficient electricity-saving：The result of actual measurement shows that compared with conventional part, the electric energy using the innovation part of the present invention is high
Up to 96%.
2nd, low-heat is run：The present invention has the function of efficient electricity-saving, has saved electric energy, certainty low-heat during operation.
3rd, quiet nothing is made an uproar：Alternating electromagnet of the present invention using accumulator, AC voltages are whole through bridge circuit 105
It is DC operation after stream, therefore quietness is without audible noise during operation.And conventional alternating electromagnet is ac operation, necessarily deposit
In annoying AC noise.
In conclusion since the present invention has the advantages that efficient electricity-saving, low-heat operation, quiet nothing are made an uproar, can including
Portion is equipped with the apparatus of alternating electromagnet, such as AC electromagnetic contactor, alternating current electromagnetic valve, alternating electromagnetic tractor, alternating electromagnetic
Clutch, alternating electromagnetic brake, alternating electromagnetic sucker, alternating electromagnetic crane, alternating current magnetic padlock, alternating electromagnetic punching machine, friendship
It can be applied in the apparatuses such as stream magnetic suspension train, alternating electromagnetic ejector.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of regular alternating current electromagnet；
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the alternating electromagnet of Common fluids commutation alternating current electromagnetic valve；
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of the alternating electromagnet of regular alternating current electromagnetic contactor；
Fig. 4 is the principle of the present invention block diagram；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the equivalent circuit diagram when present invention starts；
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 2；
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 3；
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 4；
Figure 10 is AC voltage oscillograms --- AC voltage oscillograms during initial phase angle φ=0；
Figure 11 timing charts that pulse generating circuit 103 exports in order to control.In figure, Vct is unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR
Gate trigger voltage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.
Fig. 4 is the principle of the present invention block diagram, and Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 1.In Fig. 4：L is regular alternating current electricity
Magnet exciting coil in magnet, A1, A2 are its two connectivity ports；Dashed rectangle 100 represents the electronic unit 100 of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 4：A kind of alternating electromagnet using accumulator, including by dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, resetting spring F,
100 liang of parts of regular alternating current electromagnet and electronic unit that magnet exciting coil L is formed, it is characterised in that：The electronic unit 100
By D/C power and holding circuit 101, control pulse generating circuit 102, on-off circuit 103, accumulator 104, bridge circuit
105th, common port E is formed；Wherein, the D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the bridge circuit 105；Institute
3 ends for stating control pulse generating circuit 102 are connected with the power supply with 2 ends of holding circuit 101,4 ends with it is described switch it is electric
5 ends on road 103 are connected；6 ends of the on-off circuit 103 are connected with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit 105,7 ends and accumulator
104 8 ends are connected；9 ends of the accumulator 104 are also connected with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit 105；The bridge circuit
105 AC1 ends are connected with the P1 ends of AC voltages, DC1 ends are connected with the A1 ends of the magnet exciting coil L, DC2 ends are encouraged with described
The A2 ends of magnetic coil L are connected；The common port E is connected with the P2 ends of AC voltages；D/C power and holding circuit 101, control
Pulse generating circuit 102, on-off circuit 103,104 respective one end of accumulator are connected with the common port E.
The electronic unit 100 is combined by manner discussed above with regular alternating current electromagnet, you can forms the present invention
The signified alternating electromagnet using accumulator.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 1, in the present embodiment 1：
1 end, the first capacitance C1, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the second capacitance C2,2 ends composition for D/C power with
Holding circuit 101；Wherein, 1 end is connected with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit 105；Described first capacitance C1 one end and described 1
End is connected, the other end is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, the cathode of the second diode D2；Second diode D2's
The cathode of anode and the second capacitance C2,2 ends are connected；The cathode of first diode D1, the second capacitance C2 anode with public affairs
End E is connected altogether.
The D/C voltage that the D/C power is exported with holding circuit 101 is Vcc, and 2 ends are its anode, common port E is its negative terminal.
3 ends, the 3rd capacitance C3, first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, triode T1,4 ends composition are control
Pulse generating circuit 102 processed；Wherein：First resistor R1, the respective one end of 3rd resistor R3 are connected with 3 ends；First resistor
The base stage of the other end of R1, one end, one end of the 3rd capacitance C3 of second resistance R2 with triode T1 is connected；3rd resistor
The other end of R3, the collector of triode T1 are connected with 4 ends；The other end of 3rd capacitance C3, second resistance R2 it is another
End, the emitter of triode T1 are connected with common port E.
7th diode D7, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR, 5 ends, 6 ends, 7 ends composition are on-off circuit 103；Wherein：It is described
The cathode of 7th diode D7 is connected with 6 ends, and the anode of anode and the unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR, 7 auspicious are connected；It is single
To the cathode of thyratron transistor SCR is connected with the common port E, gate pole is connected with 5 ends.
This professional personnel should understand：The unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR can be imitated with other switching devices such as field
Ying Guan, two-way thyratron transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor, electron injection enhancement gate transistor, static induction thyristor or
Switching transistor replaces.
8 ends, the 4th capacitance C4, the 8th diode D8,9 ends composition are accumulator 104, wherein：4th capacitance C4 is just
Pole is connected with 8 ends, anode is connected with 9 ends；The anode of 8th diode D8 is also connected with 8 ends, cathode and common port E phases
Connection.
The on-off circuit 103, accumulator 104 are characterized in that：7th diode D7 of on-off circuit 103 and energy storage
4th capacitance C4 of circuit 104 is in parallel；The unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR of on-off circuit 103 and the 8th 2 of accumulator 104 the
Pole pipe D8 is in parallel.
This professional personnel should understand：In the on-off circuit 103, accumulator 104：
1st, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR and the 8th diode D8 is in parallel, and unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR can be made to avoid bearing
Backward voltage.This measure has the beneficial effect that：
(1) probability of unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR damages substantially reduces, and operational reliability greatly improves；
(2) make the present invention can the relatively small low reversely pressure-resistant switching device of, volume relatively low with applied cost in
In the on-off circuit 103.
2nd, the 7th diode D7 and the 4th capacitance C4 is in parallel.This measure has the beneficial effect that：The 4th capacitance C4 can be protected, is made
It can be worked normally in the present invention.
3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4, the 5th diode D5, the 6th diode D6, AC1 ends, AC2 ends, DC1
End, DC2 ends composition are bridge circuit 105, wherein：The anode of 3rd diode D3, the cathode of the 4th diode D4 with AC1 ends
It is connected；Cathode, the cathode of the 5th diode D5 of 3rd diode D3 is connected with DC2 ends；4th diode D4's is negative
Pole, the anode of the 6th diode D6 are connected with DC1 ends；Anode, the cathode of the 6th diode D6 of 5th diode D5 is equal
It is connected with AC2 ends.
In the following, with reference to attached drawing, the course of work of elaboration the present embodiment 1：
First, start：
With reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Figure 10, Figure 11：
During t=t1, AC Voltage On states, path of the AC voltages along P2-D8-C4-D6-magnet exciting coil L-D3-P1
Charge to the 4th capacitance C4, the 4th capacitance C4 charging energy-storings.
During t=t2, AC voltages into P1 be high level, P2 be low level positive half cycle.Second diode D2 is turned on, electric current
Ic1 (shown in solid arrow) is flowed along the path of P1-D4-magnet exciting coil L-D5-C1-D2-Vcc (multipath)-P2
Logical, the D/C voltage Vcc that D/C power is exported with holding circuit 101 is established rapidly.
D/C voltage Vcc charges the 3rd capacitance C3 by first resistor R1.
Voltage Vb ＜ 0.7V in the base stage of voltage, that is, triode T1 in t3~t5 time domains, the 3rd capacitance C3, three poles
Pipe T1 is cut-off state (triode T1 selects silicon triode), and it is Vg=Vct's to control the amplitude that pulse generating circuit 102 exports
Control pulse；With charging process, during t=t5, voltage Vb in the base stage of voltage, that is, triode T1 on the 3rd capacitance C3 >=
0.7V, triode T1 are changed into conducting state, the Vg ≈ 0 by cut-off state.
In conclusion in conjunction with Figure 11, within the work period of startup-sticking-reset of the present invention, the control pulse
Circuit 102 occurs and exports the control pulse that single voltage amplitude is Vg=Vct, its waveform is represented by Figure 11, and in figure, Vct is single
To the gate trigger voltage of thyratron transistor SCR.
In conjunction with Fig. 6, during Vg=Vct, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR triggering and conductings.
After unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR triggering and conductings, the 4th capacitance C4 is released by unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR electric discharges
Can, the process that energy is released in its electric discharge can be divided into two stages：
1st, the 7th diode D7 turn off phase：If ignore the 4th diode D4, the 5th diode D5, thyratron transistor SCR
On voltage, then magnet exciting coil L both ends voltage U=Uc+u.
Wherein, Uc is instantaneous value when voltage, u on the 4th capacitance C4 are AC voltage positive half cycles：
U=UmSin (ω t+ φ)
Wherein, the initial phase angle that Um is the amplitude of AC voltages, ω is the angular frequency of AC voltages, φ is AC voltages.
From above-mentioned statement, the voltage U at magnet exciting coil L both ends is voltage Uc and AC voltages just half on the 4th capacitance C4
The sum of instantaneous value u when all.In other words：In AC voltage positive half cycles, the electromagnet start-up course, it is equivalent to be in series double
Power initiation, the 4th capacitance C4 that a power supply is AC voltages, another power supply is charging energy-storing.
Under the dual power supply driving being in series, starting current I in magnet exciting coil L along P1-D4-magnet exciting coil L-
The path circulation of D5-C4-unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR-P2.
With the circulation of exciting current I, energy is released in the 4th capacitance C4 electric discharges.
As long as adjusting the value of the 4th capacitance C4, the present invention is achieved with sufficiently strong starting current I, makes dynamic iron core M, quiet iron
The powerful actuations of core G.
It is following the experiment proves that the correctness of above-mentioned conclusion.
CJ20-250A types A.C. contactor one that the nominal operating voltage for taking magnet exciting coil L is AC380V：
Step 1, by Fig. 3, in A1 ends, A2 ends input AC220V, CJ20-250A types A.C. contactor cannot start actuation；
Step 2, by Fig. 4, but omit the 4th capacitance C4 in accumulator 104, in P1 ends, P2 ends input AC220V,
CJ20-250A types A.C. contactor can start actuation, but the speed being attracted is slower；
Step 3, by Fig. 5, the 4th capacitance C4 accesses in accumulator 104 are not omitted, in P1 ends, the input of P2 ends
AC220V, CJ20-250A type A.C. contactor are attracted powerful；Even if AC voltages are reduced to AC145V, the exchange of CJ20-250A types
Contactor remains to powerful actuation！
It is above-mentioned it is demonstrated experimentally that the accumulator 104 of the invention founded effectively enhances the electromagnet of meaning of the invention
Start-up course.In brief：The accumulator 104 has the function of to strengthen start-up course.
2nd, the 7th diode D7 conducting phases：
With electric discharge release can process, the voltage Uc on the 4th capacitance C4 constantly reduces, and after Uc=0, AC voltages are to it
Reverse charging, as Uc=-0.7V, the 7th diode D7 conductings (the 7th diode D7 selects silicon diode).
After 7th diode D7 conductings, the voltage Uc on the 4th capacitance C4 is clamped down on as Uc=-0.7V, it is just obtained
The protection of 7th diode D7 because backward voltage is excessive without damaging.
In brief：7th diode D7 protects the 4th capacitance C4 without damage.
After 7th diode D7 conductings, starting current I changes to be flowed by following paths：P1-D4-magnet exciting coil L-D5-
D7-unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR-P2, AC voltage continues as the alternating electromagnet using accumulator and provides startup work(
Rate.
During t=t4, dynamic iron core M and static iron core G is attracted, and the alternating electromagnet using accumulator completes start-up course
And enter the sticking stage.
2nd, sticking：
In conjunction with Figure 11, in t4~t5 time domains, the pulse voltage that control pulse generating circuit 102 exports still is Vg=Vct,
Unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR is still conducting state.
During t=t5, the pulse voltage Vg ≈ 0 of the control output of pulse generating circuit 102, work former according to thyratron transistor
Reason, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR in the conduction state continue to turn on, and starting current I continues to circulate.
In t=t6, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR is turned off because its anode current is less than its extinction current, is started
Electric current I is cut off.
Preceding already described, during t=t4, dynamic iron core M has been attracted with static iron core G, and the present invention has completed start-up course；But in t4~t6
Time domain, unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR are still turned on, and starting current I still circulates.In this t4~t6 time domain, starting current I plays Gong
Admittedly starting the effect of achievement, this t4~t6 time domain of the invention is referred to as that time domain is consolidated in startup.
With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, in the present invention, claim by D/C power and 102 groups holding circuit 101, control of pulse generating circuit
Into system system in order to control, and claim to input or export the electric current of control system electric current in order to control.
After unidirectional thyratron transistor SCR shut-offs, AC voltages make to have inhaled by controlling electric current to provide holding power for the present invention
The dynamic iron core M and static iron core G of conjunction continue to keep attracting state.Its process is：
With reference to Fig. 5, P1 be high level, P2 be low level AC voltages positive half cycle, electric current ic1 (shown in solid arrow) edge
The path circulation of P1-D4-magnet exciting coil L-D5-C1 (charging)-D2-Vcc (multipath)-P2；
In the AC voltage negative half periods that P1 is low level, P2 is high level, electric current ic2 (shown in dotted arrow) along P2-
The path circulation of D1-C1 (electric discharge)-D6-magnet exciting coil L-D3-P1；
In Fig. 5, electric current ic2 that electric current ic1 that solid arrow represents, dotted arrow represent, there are the relation that alternate coexists,
Charge, just discharge without the latter the first capacitance C1, vice versa to the first capacitance C1 without the former.Therefore, it is simplicity, this hair
It is bright to be referred to as their electric current ic in order to control.
So far, can sum up to draw a conclusion：Control electric current ic has following double action：
1st, system establishes D/C voltage Vcc in order to control；
2nd, magnet exciting coil L is flowed through, provides holding power for the present invention, the dynamic iron core M for making to be attracted and static iron core G is after continuation of insurance
Hold attracting state.
In brief：Control electric current has the double action established D/C voltage Vcc, provide holding power.
3rd, reset
During t=t7, the shut-off of AC voltages, since the electric current in magnet exciting coil L cannot be mutated, the electricity in magnet exciting coil L
Stream will be along A1-magnet exciting coil L-A2-D3-D4-A1 and A1-two paths of magnet exciting coil L-A2-D5-D6-A1
" afterflow " and zero is gradually decrease to, the alternating electromagnet reset using accumulator.
Understand in summary：The bridge circuit 105 has two kinds of functions concurrently in the present invention, and first, rectification function：Will stream
The current rectification entered in magnet exciting coil L becomes direct current；Second, afterflow function：" afterflow " road is provided for the electric current in magnet exciting coil L
Footpath.In brief：Bridge circuit 105 has two kinds of rectification, afterflow functions concurrently.
During t=t8, AC voltages reclose, described to be once again powered up using the alternating electromagnet of accumulator, reenter
Startup, sticking, reset work period in.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 2, and the circuit structure of the present embodiment 2 is same as Example 1, and difference is：
In embodiment 1, D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit, and in the present embodiment 2, DC
Power supply is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the DC2 ends of bridge circuit.
The operation principle of the present embodiment 2 and the course of work are same as Example 1.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 3, is had compared with Example 1 compared with, the present embodiment 3 at two with embodiment 1 not
Together：
At first, in embodiment 1, D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the AC2 ends of bridge circuit, and
In the present embodiment 3, D/C power is connected with 1 end of holding circuit 101 with the DC1 ends of bridge circuit.
At second, control pulse generating circuit 102 is differed with embodiment 1.In the present embodiment 3, the control pulse
Generation circuit 102 is by 3 ends, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7, the 8th resistance R8, the 5th
Capacitance C5, integrated operational amplifier IC1,4 ends composition；Wherein：One end of 4th resistance R4, one end of the 6th resistance R6, the 8th
One end of resistance R8,8 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1 are connected with 3 ends；The other end, the 5th capacitance of 4th resistance R4
One end of C5, one end of the 5th resistance R5 are connected with 2 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1；The other end of 6th resistance R6,
One end of 7th resistance R7 is connected with 3 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1；The other end of 8th resistance R8,4 ends with collection
1 foot into operational amplifier IC1 is connected；The other end of 5th capacitance C5, the other end of the 5th resistance R5, the 7th resistance R7
The other end, 4 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1 are connected with common port E.
Control pulse generating circuit 102 to produce to control the course of work of pulse to be in the present embodiment 3：
D/C voltage Vcc charges the 5th capacitance C5 by second resistance R4, with the process of charging, on the 5th capacitance C5
Voltage, that is, integrated operational amplifier IC1 2 feet on voltage V2 be gradually increasing.
With reference to Figure 11, voltage V3 is more than voltage on its 2 foot in t3~t5 time domains, 3 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1
V2, i.e. V3 ＞ V2, voltage Vg of the voltage that integrated operational amplifier IC1 is exported i.e. on its 1 foot is high level Vct.
With the process of charging, voltage V2 on 2 feet of voltage, that is, integrated operational amplifier IC1 on the 5th capacitance C5 by
Step rises, and during to t=t5, voltage V2 is had gone up as more than integrated operational amplifier IC1 on 2 feet of integrated operational amplifier IC1
3 feet on voltage V3, i.e. V2 ＞ V3, voltage Vg of the voltage i.e. on its 1 foot of integrated operational amplifier IC1 outputs be changed into low electricity
It is flat, i.e. Vg=0
In conclusion the control impulse waveform of control pulse generating circuit 102 output in the present embodiment 3 can use Figure 11 tables
Show.
The present embodiment 3 starts, sticking, reset the course of work it is same as Example 1.
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 4, the power supply of the present embodiment 4 and holding circuit 101, on-off circuit 103, storage
Can circuit 104, bridge circuit 105 it is same as Example 1, but control differing for pulse generating circuit 102 and embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment 4, the control pulse generating circuit 102 is by 3 ends, the 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10, the tenth
One resistance R11, the 6th capacitance C6, time-base integrated circuit IC2,4 ends composition；Wherein：One end of 9th resistance R9, it is integrated when base electricity
8 feet and 4 feet of road IC2 are connected with 3 ends；6 feet and 2 feet of time-base integrated circuit IC2, the other end of the 9th resistance R9,
One end, one end of the 6th capacitance C6 of ten resistance R10 interconnects；One end of 11st resistance R11 and time-base integrated circuit
3 feet of IC2 are connected, the other end is connected with 4 ends；The other end of 6th capacitance C6, the other end of the tenth resistance R10, integrate
1 foot of time base circuit IC2 is connected with common port E.
Control pulse generating circuit 102 to produce to control the course of work of pulse to be in the present embodiment 4：
With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11：
During t=t3, the voltage Vi ＜ 1/ on 2 feet of the voltage, that is, time-base integrated circuit IC2 at the 6th capacitance C6 both ends, 6 feet
Voltage Vo on 3 feet of 3Vcc ＜ 2/3Vcc, time-base integrated circuit IC2 is high level, i.e. Vo ≈ Vcc, through the 11st resistance R11
After partial pressure, the output voltage Vg=Vct of the control pulse generating circuit 102.
Since the t=t2 moment, D/C voltage Vcc charges the 6th capacitance C6 by the 9th resistance R9, on the 6th capacitance C6
Voltage Vi constantly rise.
During to t=t5, the voltage Vi ＞ 2/ on 6 feet of voltage, that is, time-base integrated circuit IC2 on the 6th capacitance C6,2 feet
Voltage Vo on 3 feet of 3Vcc ＞ 1/3Vcc, time-base integrated circuit IC2 is changed into low level, i.e. Vo ≈ 0, the control pulse hair
The output voltage of raw circuit 102 also falls to zero, i.e. Vg=0 therewith.
To sum up analysis is understood：The control impulse waveform that control pulse generating circuit 102 in the present embodiment 4 exports can use figure
11 represent.
The present embodiment 4 starts, sticking, reset the course of work it is same as Example 1.
Technical scheme is above described, all do not depart from the replacement of the essence of technical scheme, all
Should be in the range of the claim of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of alternating electromagnet using accumulator, including by dynamic iron core (M), static iron core (G), resetting spring (F), excitation
The regular alternating current electromagnet and the part of electronic unit (100) two that coil (L) is formed, it is characterised in that：The electronic unit
(100) by D/C power and holding circuit (101), control pulse generating circuit (102), on-off circuit (103), accumulator
(104), bridge circuit (105), common port (E) are formed；Wherein, the D/C power and the first end (1) of holding circuit (101)
It is connected with the bridge circuit (105)；The first end (3) of the control pulse generating circuit (102) is with the power supply with protecting
The second end (2) for holding circuit (101) is connected, controls the second end (4) of pulse generating circuit (102) and the on-off circuit
(103) first end (5) is connected；The second end (6) of the on-off circuit (103) and the second end of bridge circuit (105)
(AC2) it is connected, the 3rd end (7) of on-off circuit (103) is connected with the first end (8) of accumulator (104)；The energy storage
The second end (9) of circuit (104) is also connected with the second end (AC2) of bridge circuit (105)；The bridge circuit (105)
First end (AC1) is connected with the first end (P1) of AC voltages, the 3rd end (DC1) of bridge circuit (105) and the excitation wire
The first end (A1) of circle (L) is connected, the second end of the 4th end (DC2) of bridge circuit (105) and the magnet exciting coil (L)
(A2) it is connected；The common port (E) is connected with the second end (P2) of AC voltages；D/C power and holding circuit (101), control
Pulse generating circuit (102), on-off circuit (103), accumulator (104) respective one end with the common port（E）It is connected
Connect；
The method that the D/C power is connected with the first end (1) of holding circuit (101) with the bridge circuit (105), uses
One of three kinds below：The first, D/C power and the first end (1) of holding circuit (101) and the second end of bridge circuit (105)
(AC2) it is connected；Second, the first end (1) and the 4th end of bridge circuit (105) of D/C power and holding circuit (101)
(DC2) it is connected；The third, D/C power and the first end (1) of holding circuit (101) and the 3rd end of bridge circuit (105)
(DC1) it is connected；The D/C power is with holding circuit (101) by the first end (1) of D/C power and holding circuit (101), first
Capacitance (C1), the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the second capacitance (C2), the of D/C power and holding circuit (101)
Two ends (2) form；Wherein, described first capacitance (C1) one end and the D/C power and first end (1) phase of holding circuit (101)
Connection, the other end are connected with the anode of the first diode (D1), the cathode of the second diode (D2)；Second diode (D2)
Anode be connected with the second end (2) of holding circuit (101) with cathode, the D/C power of the second capacitance (C2)；One or two pole
Cathode, the anode of the second capacitance (C2) of pipe (D1) are connected with common port (E)；The control pulse generating circuit (102)
Using one of following three kinds of circuit structures：
The first：It is by the first end (3) of control pulse generating circuit (102), the 3rd capacitance (C3), first resistor (R1),
Two resistance (R2), 3rd resistor (R3), triode (T1), second end (4) composition of control pulse generating circuit (102)；Wherein：
The first end (3) of first resistor (R1), 3rd resistor (R3) respective one end with control pulse generating circuit (102) is connected
Connect；The other end of first resistor (R1), one end of second resistance (R2), the 3rd capacitance (C3) one end with triode (T1)
Base stage is connected；The other end of 3rd resistor (R3), the collector of triode (T1) are with controlling pulse generating circuit (102)
Second end (4) is connected；The other end of 3rd capacitance (C3), the other end of second resistance (R2), the emitter of triode (T1)
It is connected with common port (E)；
Second：It is by the first end (3) of control pulse generating circuit (102), the 4th resistance (R4), the 5th resistance (R5),
Six resistance (R6), the 7th resistance (R7), the 8th resistance (R8), the 5th capacitance (C5), integrated operational amplifier (IC1), control arteries and veins
Second end (4) composition of circuit (102) occurs for punching；Wherein：One end of 4th resistance (R4), one end of the 6th resistance (R6),
The first end of one end of eight resistance (R8), the octal of integrated operational amplifier (IC1) with control pulse generating circuit (102)
(3) it is connected；The other end of 4th resistance (R4), one end of the 5th capacitance (C5), one end of the 5th resistance (R5) are with integrating
The crus secunda of operational amplifier (IC1) is connected；The other end of 6th resistance (R6), one end of the 7th resistance (R7) are with integrating
3rd foot of operational amplifier (IC1) is connected；The of the other end of 8th resistance (R8), control pulse generating circuit (102)
First foot of two ends (4) with integrated operational amplifier (IC1) is connected；The other end, the 5th resistance of 5th capacitance (C5)
(R5) the other end, the other end of the 7th resistance (R7), integrated operational amplifier (IC1) the 4th foot with common port (E) phase
Connection；
The third：It is by the first end (3) of control pulse generating circuit (102), the 9th resistance (R9), the tenth resistance (R10),
11 resistance (R11), the 6th capacitance (C6), time-base integrated circuit (IC2), the second end (4) of control pulse generating circuit (102)
Composition；Wherein：One end of 9th resistance (R9), the octal of time-base integrated circuit (IC2) and the 4th foot are sent out with control pulse
The first end (3) of raw circuit (102) is connected；The 6th foot and crus secunda of time-base integrated circuit (IC2), the 9th resistance (R9)
The other end, one end of the tenth resistance (R10), one end of the 6th capacitance (C6) interconnect；One end of 11st resistance (R11)
It is connected with the 3rd foot of time-base integrated circuit (IC2), second end (4) phase of the other end and control pulse generating circuit (102)
Connection；The other end of 6th capacitance (C6), the other end of the tenth resistance (R10), time-base integrated circuit (IC2) the first foot with
Common port (E) is connected；The on-off circuit (103) is by the 7th diode (D7), unidirectional thyratron transistor, on-off circuit
(103) first end (5), the second end (6) of on-off circuit (103), the 3rd end (7) composition of on-off circuit (103)；Wherein：
The cathode of 7th diode (D7) is connected with the second end (6) of on-off circuit (103), anode and the unidirectional shutter
The anode of flow tube, the 3rd end (7) of on-off circuit (103) are connected；The cathode and the common port (E) of unidirectional thyratron transistor
It is connected, gate pole is connected with the first end (5) of on-off circuit (103)；The accumulator (104) is by accumulator (104)
First end (8), the 4th capacitance (C4), the 8th diode (D8), accumulator (104) second end (9) composition, wherein：The
The cathode of four capacitances (C4) is connected with the first end (8) of accumulator (104), the second end of anode and accumulator (104)
(9) it is connected；The anode of 8th diode (D8) is also connected with the first end (8) of accumulator (104), cathode and common port
(E) it is connected；The bridge circuit (105) is by the 3rd diode (D3), the 4th diode (D4), the 5th diode (D5),
Six diodes (D6), the first end (AC1) of bridge circuit (105), the second end (AC2) of bridge circuit (105), bridge circuit
(105) the 3rd end (DC1), the 4th end (DC2) composition of bridge circuit (105), wherein：The anode of 3rd diode (D3),
The cathode of 4th diode (D4) is connected with the first end (AC1) of bridge circuit (105)；3rd diode (D3) is just
Pole, the cathode of the 5th diode (D5) are connected with the 4th end (DC2) end of bridge circuit (105)；4th diode (D4)
Anode, the anode of the 6th diode (D6) is connected with the 3rd end (DC1) of bridge circuit (105) end；5th diode
(D5) anode, the cathode of the 6th diode (D6) is connected with second end (AC2) end of bridge circuit (105).
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| CN201611224967.3A CN106783009B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Using the alternating electromagnet of accumulator |
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| CN201611224967.3A CN106783009B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Using the alternating electromagnet of accumulator |
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| CN106783009B true CN106783009B (en) | 2018-05-04 |
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| CN114267515B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-07-09 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器有限公司 | AC electromagnet using three bridge circuits |
| CN114974799B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2024-10-01 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器有限公司 | Single pulse controlled AC electromagnet and its control method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070510A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-31 | 张凡 | Magnetic freeze mode electromagnet and control circuit |
| CN1086043A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-04-27 | 蔡礼君 | Mixed type electromagnet |
| CN202521032U (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-11-07 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Muting electromagnetic valve |
| CN104595557A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Resistance-capacitance voltage reduction type power-saving and noise-reducing alternating current electromagnetic valve |
-
2016
- 2016-12-27 CN CN201611224967.3A patent/CN106783009B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070510A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-31 | 张凡 | Magnetic freeze mode electromagnet and control circuit |
| CN1086043A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-04-27 | 蔡礼君 | Mixed type electromagnet |
| CN202521032U (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-11-07 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Muting electromagnetic valve |
| CN104595557A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Resistance-capacitance voltage reduction type power-saving and noise-reducing alternating current electromagnetic valve |
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