CN106767081A - A kind of fountain phase change energy storage apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a spray type phase change energy storage device. The spray type phase change energy storage device includes: an energy storage box, a phase change energy storage system, and a spray system; wherein, the phase change energy storage system is arranged in the energy storage box; the energy storage The upper part of the box is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the lower part is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet; the spray system is located on the upper part of the energy storage box and communicates with the heat exchange fluid inlet, and its spraying direction is directly opposite to the The phase change energy storage system. The spray type phase change energy storage device of the present invention includes a spray system, adopts a spray mode for heat exchange, sprays the heat storage fluid onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system through the spray system, and increases the heat storage fluid and phase change energy storage. The effective contact area of the system strengthens the heat transfer process of the fluid and improves the energy storage efficiency.

Description

A spray type phase change energy storage device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of phase change energy storage/energy release, and more specifically, to a spray type phase change energy storage device.

Background technique

Problems such as resource shortage and unreasonable energy distribution brought about by the rapid economic development have gradually attracted widespread attention. Increasing the application proportion of renewable energy and improving the utilization efficiency of renewable energy has become an urgent problem to be solved in various fields such as construction, military affairs, and aerospace. At present, some areas in my country have adopted renewable energy, such as ground source, water source heat pump technology, air source heat pump technology, and solar hot water, and have achieved considerable emission reduction effects. However, the investment of ground source and water source heat pump technology is large, and the overall stability and operation safety need to be observed for a long time. In particular, the impact on the natural ecological environment of groundwater needs to be further evaluated, and the impact on network construction planning such as urban road traffic Further proof is also needed. The air source heat pump technology can not be limited by the ground environment and geological conditions, but because the air energy is a dispersed energy source, the heating speed of the air source heat pump is slow and the thermal efficiency is not very high.

Energy storage technology has attracted extensive attention from researchers due to its advantages such as high energy storage density, high heat storage capacity, and non-toxic and harmless. Energy storage technology is an important method to help solve the contradiction between energy supply and energy consumption in our country, and it is also an effective way to rationally use energy and reduce environmental pollution. Comprehensively comparing the energy storage methods, phase change energy storage has the advantages of compact structure, high heat exchange effect, and constant energy storage and release temperature. The use of phase change materials is the core point of phase change energy storage. Phase change materials can absorb heat (cold) from the environment or release heat (cold) to the environment during the phase change process, so as to achieve the purpose of energy storage and release and adjustment of energy demand and supply mismatch. The application of composite phase change materials in the field of energy storage can realize the storage and effective utilization of thermal energy. However, the direct contact heat exchange efficiency is low, and the utilization rate of heat energy is low.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the storage efficiency of thermal energy, the present invention provides a spray type phase change energy storage device. The spray type phase change energy storage device includes an energy storage box, a phase change energy storage system, and a spray system; wherein, the phase change energy storage system is arranged in the energy storage box; the energy storage box The upper part of the body is provided with the heat exchange fluid inlet, and the lower part is provided with the heat exchange fluid outlet; Phase change energy storage system.

Preferably, the spray system comprises atomizing nozzles.

Preferably, the phase change energy storage system further includes a heat exchange system and a fluid delivery system, wherein the heat exchange system communicates with the heat exchange fluid inlet and the heat exchange fluid outlet respectively through the fluid delivery system .

Preferably, in the heat exchange system, the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid is opposite to the flow direction of the external network fluid.

Preferably, the spray-type phase change energy storage device further includes an external network fluid delivery system, and the external network fluid delivery system performs heat exchange with the heat exchange system.

Preferably, the phase change energy storage system includes one or more thermal storage units filled with phase change materials.

Preferably, the heat storage unit is distributed in the energy storage box in a tube shape or a plate shape, more preferably, the heat storage unit is distributed in the energy storage box in a tube shape.

Preferably, there are multiple thermal storage units distributed in the box in parallel and at equal intervals.

Preferably, the phase change energy storage system includes N layers of heat storage units, N is a positive integer ≥ 3, and the spray system is a plurality of spray systems; a spray system is provided on the top of the energy storage box system, with a sprinkler system between at most 3 layers of thermal storage units.

Preferably, the heat storage unit is made of metal, preferably copper, more preferably red copper.

The beneficial effects of the spray type phase change energy storage device of the present application are as follows:

1) The spray type phase change energy storage device of the present invention contains a spray system, adopts a spray mode for heat exchange, sprays the heat storage fluid onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system through the spray system, and increases the heat storage fluid and phase change energy storage system. Change the effective contact area of the energy storage system, strengthen the heat transfer process of the fluid, and improve the energy storage efficiency;

2) The spray type phase change energy storage device of the present invention is equipped with a heat exchanger and an external network fluid delivery system. By setting the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid and the external network fluid, the external network fluid can be weakened during the heat exchange process. Temperature fluctuation range, maintain a stable heating temperature;

3) The spray-type phase-change energy storage system of the present invention is composed of heat storage units filled with phase-change materials, which can be filled with phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures according to actual energy storage or energy release requirements to meet the needs of different occasions. heat demand;

4) In the present invention, the heat storage units filled with phase change materials are arranged in layers at equal intervals, and the number of heat storage units can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the heat demand of different occasions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spray-type phase-change energy storage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the arrangement of odd-numbered layers and even-numbered layers of the heat storage unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing that a single heat storage unit is metal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of heat storage units according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a spray type phase change energy storage device, including an energy storage box, a phase change energy storage system, and a spray system; wherein, the phase change energy storage system is arranged in the energy storage box The upper part of the energy storage box is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the lower part is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet. The spray system is located on the upper part of the energy storage box and communicates with the heat exchange fluid inlet. energy system. In this embodiment, the fluid is sprayed on the surface of the phase change energy storage system through a spray system connected to the heat exchange fluid inlet, which increases the effective contact area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change energy storage system, and realizes efficient utilization of heat energy.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange fluid may be water or a phase change fluid, wherein the phase change fluid is a phase change fluid having heat storage properties formed by dispersing nanoscale phase change materials in corresponding solvents.

In this embodiment, the heat exchange fluid is sprayed from the inlet of the heat exchange fluid onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system, and contacts with the phase change energy storage system. When the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is high, the phase change energy storage system performs the energy storage process After absorbing heat, the temperature of the fluid decreases, and the heat-exchanging fluid after heat release flows out from the outlet of the heat-exchanging fluid at the lower part of the energy storage box; When the temperature rises, the heat-exchange fluid after absorbing heat flows out from the outlet of the heat-exchange fluid at the lower part of the energy storage box.

In another preferred embodiment, the spraying system includes atomizing nozzles, and the fluid is atomized through the atomizing nozzles to further increase the contact area between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change energy storage system and improve the utilization efficiency of heat energy.

In order to improve the utilization rate of the entire spray-type phase change energy storage device, the device may also include an external network fluid delivery system, and the external network fluid delivery system performs heat exchange with the heat exchange system. The external network fluid and the heat exchange fluid exchange heat in the heat exchange system.

Wherein, in the embodiment, the flow directions of the heat exchange fluid and the external network fluid in the heat exchange system are opposite, that is, the two are in reverse heat exchange.

In a specific embodiment, both the heat exchange fluid delivery system and the external net fluid delivery system include a power device, such as a water pump, through which the fluid is driven to flow.

Usually, in order to better monitor the respective temperatures of the external network fluid and the heat exchange fluid, the external network fluid temperature sensor and the heat exchange fluid temperature sensor can be respectively set on the heat exchange system, and the external network fluid temperature sensor is used to measure the The temperature of the external network fluid, the heat exchange fluid temperature gauge is used to measure the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing through the heat exchange system. The above-mentioned temperature devices can also be respectively arranged at the place where the external net fluid delivery system is close to the heat exchange system and where the heat exchange fluid delivery system is close to the heat exchange system.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange system may be a heat exchanger commonly used in the art, in which two fluids perform heat exchange, and the heat exchanger includes at least an input port and an output port of the heat exchange fluid The output port of the heat exchange fluid is connected to the input port of the heat exchange fluid of the energy storage box through the delivery system of the heat exchange fluid, and the input port of the heat exchange fluid in the heat exchanger is connected to the input port of the heat exchange fluid through the delivery system of the heat exchange fluid. It is connected with the output port of the heat exchange fluid of the energy storage box. When the energy storage device of the present invention includes an external network fluid delivery system, the heat exchanger also includes an input port and an output port for the external network fluid.

As shown in Figure 1, the spray type phase change energy storage device in this preferred embodiment includes an energy storage box 1, a phase change energy storage system 2, and a heat exchange system in which the heat exchange fluid 7 exchanges heat with the external network fluid 8 3. When the heat exchange fluid 7 enters the energy storage device through the heat exchange fluid inlet 5, it is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system 2 through the spray system 4, and after heat exchange with the phase change energy storage system 2, it passes through the energy storage box 1. The lower heat exchange fluid outlet 6 is discharged, and after heat exchange with the external network fluid in the heat exchange system 3, it enters the spray type phase change energy storage device through the upper heat exchange fluid inlet 5 of the energy storage box for heat exchange. In , the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid is counterclockwise. The external network fluid 8 and the heat exchange fluid 7 exchange heat in the heat exchange system 3 , and the external network fluid 8 and the heat exchange fluid 7 flow in opposite directions.

When the temperature of the external network fluid 8 is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange fluid in the energy storage box 1, the external network fluid 8 and the heat exchange fluid 7 exchange heat in the heat exchange system 3, and the temperature of the external network fluid 8 decreases after heat release, and the heat exchange The temperature of the thermal fluid 7 rises after absorbing heat. At this time, the high-temperature heat exchange fluid 7 flows counterclockwise, and is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system 2 through the spray system 4 in the upper part of the energy storage box 1. The phase change energy storage system absorbs heat during the energy storage process, and the low temperature after energy release The heat exchange fluid 7 flows out from the heat exchange fluid outlet at the lower part of the energy storage box 1 and enters the heat exchanger to continue the energy storage process.

When the temperature of the external network fluid 8 is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange fluid 7 in the energy storage box 1, the external network fluid 8 and the heat exchange fluid 7 perform heat exchange in the heat exchange system 3, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid 7 decreases after releasing heat. The temperature of the outer network fluid 8 increases after absorbing heat. The low-temperature heat exchange fluid 7 flows counterclockwise, and is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change energy storage system 2 through the upper spray system 4. The phase change energy storage system 2 releases heat during the energy release process, and the high-temperature heat exchange fluid 7 after absorbing heat is released from the energy storage The heat exchange fluid in the lower part of the box 1 flows out from the outlet and enters the heat exchange system 3 to continue the energy release process.

The phase change energy storage system in the energy storage tank may include one or more thermal storage cells filled with phase change materials. The heat storage unit can be made of metal, preferably red copper. Red copper has good thermal conductivity and is relatively hard, which can play a good role in packaging.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

The phase change material of the present invention is a commonly used energy storage phase change material in the art, and can be filled with composite phase change materials with different phase change temperatures according to the phase change temperature required for energy storage and release. The phase change material can be inorganic matter, organic matter or inorganic-organic composite materials. For example, it can be selected from liquid paraffin, solid paraffin, stearic acid, tristearic acid, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate and other hydrates, liquid metal, etc.

In the embodiment of the present invention, support materials with high thermal conductivity such as expanded graphite can be selected to optimize the performance of the phase change material, and the heat transfer process can be enhanced while ensuring that the phase change temperature is basically unchanged, so that the energy storage density is large and the heat storage efficiency is high. high. The organic phase change material paraffin wax has high latent heat of phase change, suitable phase change temperature, no supercooling, non-toxicity and other characteristics, and has been widely used. However, the thermal conductivity of paraffin phase change materials is not good, and the heat transfer efficiency in the heat exchange process is low. If expanded graphite with high porosity and high thermal conductivity is selected and mixed with paraffin to prepare composite phase change materials, the thermal conductivity of phase change materials can be improved. performance, combined with the spray system of the present invention, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved. The configuration ratio of paraffin wax and expanded graphite can be obtained through the energy storage/energy release performance test.

In another embodiment, the heat storage unit can be distributed in the energy storage box 1 in a tube shape or a plate shape. In order to increase the contact area between the heat storage unit and the fluid and improve the energy storage effect, it is more preferable to distribute it in a tube shape in the energy storage box body.

Wherein, there may be one heat storage unit, which is arranged in the energy storage box, and there is a gap for fluid flow between the heat storage unit and the energy storage box. There can be multiple heat storage units, which are distributed in parallel and equidistant in the energy storage box 1, which can make better use of the internal space of the energy storage box. The number of heat storage units can be adjusted according to the actual energy storage and/or energy release It is determined according to the needs, and there is also a gap for fluid flow between the heat storage unit and the energy storage box. Preferably, the heat storage unit is arranged in the energy storage box in the form of layers of heat storage units.

Wherein, the layout of the heat storage units can be stacked and arranged in odd-numbered and even-numbered layers, as shown in FIG. 2 . The number of heat storage units in each layer is set by the width of the box and the effect of heat exchange. A cross-sectional view of the layout of the heat storage unit may be as shown in FIG. 4 . The thermal storage units are arranged in layers, the upper thermal storage unit and the lower thermal storage unit are misplaced, that is, the lower thermal storage unit is just in the gap between the upper thermal storage units, so that the thermal storage units of each layer will not block each other, and the mist will pass through the mist The heat exchange fluid sprayed by the chemical nozzle can be directly sprayed onto the surface of the heat storage unit, so that the heat exchange effect is better.

The layout of the spray system can be determined according to the heat storage unit, which can be multi-stage spray. The phase change energy storage system includes N layers of heat storage units, N is a positive integer ≥ 3, and the spray system is a plurality of spray systems; a spray system is provided on the top of the energy storage box, at most There is a sprinkler system between the 3 layers of thermal storage units.

That is, when the heat storage unit has 1 to 3 floors, the spray system is a single-stage spray; when the spray system has 3 to 6 floors, the spray system is a two-stage spray, that is, the top of the energy storage box is set The first-level spraying system, the second-level spraying system is set between the 4th and 3rd heat storage units. The first-level spraying device is the same as the second-level spraying device. The contact area of the heat unit, multi-stage spraying can avoid that the temperature of the heat exchange fluid drops too fast when the first-level spray is used for heat exchange, and when the heat exchange fluid reaches the lower heat storage unit, the temperature is too low to be effective with the heat storage unit heat exchange.

In a preferred embodiment, the thermal storage unit is a copper tube filled with a composite phase change material, as shown in FIG. 3 . Among them, in order to achieve more sufficient heat exchange and better packaging effect, the diameter of the copper tube is preferably 6-10 cm, and the wall thickness is 5-10 mm.

The spray type phase change energy storage device provided by the present invention can significantly increase the contact area between the heat exchange fluid and the energy storage unit through the spray type heat exchange method, and realize the efficient storage and utilization of heat energy. Compared with other methods, it has lower energy consumption, greatly reduces operating costs, and has the functions of heating, cooling, cold storage, heat storage and domestic hot water supply.

Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A spray type phase change energy storage device, characterized in that it comprises: Energy storage box, phase change energy storage system, sprinkler system; among them, The phase change energy storage system is arranged in the energy storage box; The upper part of the energy storage box is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the lower part is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet; The spraying system is arranged on the upper part of the energy storage box and communicates with the heat exchange fluid inlet, and its spraying direction is directly facing the phase change energy storage system. 2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the spraying system comprises atomizing nozzles. 3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a heat exchange system and a heat exchange fluid delivery system, wherein, The heat exchange system is respectively communicated with the heat exchange fluid inlet and the heat exchange fluid outlet through the heat exchange fluid delivery system. 4 . The energy storage device according to claim 3 , further comprising: an external network fluid delivery system, and the external network fluid delivery system performs heat exchange with the heat exchange system. 5 . The energy storage device according to claim 4 , wherein, in the heat exchange system, the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid is opposite to the flow direction of the external network fluid. 6. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the phase change energy storage system comprises one or more heat storage units filled with phase change materials, and the heat storage units are distributed in the form of tubes or plates in the energy storage box. 7 . The energy storage device according to claim 6 , wherein there are multiple heat storage units, which are distributed in parallel and equally spaced in the box. 7 . 8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, wherein the thermal storage units are arranged in layers, the upper thermal storage unit and the lower thermal storage unit are misplaced, and the lower thermal storage unit is located in the gap between the upper thermal storage units place. 9. The energy storage device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, the phase change energy storage system includes N layers of heat storage units, N is a positive integer ≥ 3, and the spray system is a plurality of Spraying system; a spraying system is provided on the top of the energy storage box, and a spraying system is provided between at most 3 layers of heat storage units. 10. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the heat storage unit is made of metal, preferably copper.