CN205535703U - Pottery base member fused salt phase transition high temperature heat accumulation formula millet electricity utilizes steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high-temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generating device, which comprises a heat storage pile, a heat preservation structure of the heat storage pile, a heat transfer medium system and a heat exchange system; the heat storage pile includes a rigid The outer surface of the casing and several internally encapsulated molten salts is equipped with a heat storage unit with an electric heating device; the thermal insulation structure of the heat storage pile is set on the outer surface of the heat storage pile, including heat conduction bricks, phase change insulation layers and water cooling walls from the inside to the outside. The water wall is composed of an upper water tank, a lower water tank and connected water pipes; the water pump of the heat transfer medium system is connected to the lower water tank through pipelines, and the atomizing nozzle is set at the bottom of the heat storage pile to spray the atomized soft water into the heat storage pile ; The heat exchanger of the heat exchange system is connected to the heat storage stack through a steam pipeline, and connected to the upper water tank through a water pipeline, and a three-way valve is arranged on the steam pipeline. The utility model can convert electric energy into heat energy for storage at night when the electricity is low, and use soft water to atomize the heat during the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, so as to provide domestic hot water and steam for users.

Description

A ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generator

technical field

The utility model relates to a steam generating device, in particular to a non-oxide ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high-temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization and steam generation device, which belongs to the technical field of valley energy utilization and steam preparation.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the society's demand for energy has also increased significantly. However, while the power consumption during the daytime peak period increases sharply, the nighttime valley power is wasted seriously, resulting in a more and more obvious peak-valley difference in power consumption. Generally, power generation, power supply, and power consumption are completed at the same time, so it is difficult to store power. If the generated power is not effectively utilized, it will be lost in the form of grid heating, resulting in a large amount of waste of power. At present, the application of phase change heat storage technology using heat transfer oil as the heat transfer medium has significant advantages and broad development and application prospects for "shaving peaks and filling valleys" and making full use of valley electricity. However, the existing heat storage technology still has the problems of low heat storage temperature, small energy storage, large volume, and unstable release process; at the same time, since the maximum working temperature of heat transfer oil is generally When the heat temperature is too high, the heat transfer oil is prone to aging and coking, which limits the popularization and use of heat transfer oil in the field of high temperature heat storage.

Steam is a commonly used heat medium in many industrial production processes, and it is also an indispensable heat source in life and process production. At present, the steam supply for urban process and industrial production purposes is mainly provided by coal-fired boilers. A certain amount of polluting gas will be produced while producing steam. Therefore, in order to implement a green and environmentally friendly steam production method, we need to make full use of existing energy and improve its production and utilization methods. Therefore, how to design and provide a device with high heat storage temperature, compact structure and high heat storage/discharge efficiency for utilization of valley electricity and steam production is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

Utility model content

Purpose of the invention: In order to implement a green and environmentally friendly steam production method, solve the problems of low heat storage temperature, small storage energy, large equipment volume, unstable release process and unsuitable heat transfer oil in the existing phase change heat storage technology (> 400°C), the utility model provides a non-oxide ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high-temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization and steam generation device, which can convert electric energy into heat energy at night when the valley electricity is low. For storage, during the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, soft water is used to atomize and then the heat is exported to provide domestic hot water and steam for users. It is especially suitable for heating and hot water supply in areas with steam demand and obvious peak-to-valley electricity price difference, or in areas without central heating pipe network in the south and north, and is also suitable for wind power and solar power generation areas.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:

A ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high-temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generator, characterized in that it includes a heat storage stack, a heat storage stack insulation structure, a heat transfer medium system, and a heat exchange system; the heat storage stack includes a A rigid shell and a number of heat storage units evenly distributed in the rigid shell in the form of tubes; the heat storage unit is a hollow structure and contains molten salt with a heat storage temperature above 700°C inside, and the outer surface is equipped with Electric heating device; the heat storage stack insulation structure is arranged on the outer surface of the heat storage stack, including a heat conduction layer, a phase change insulation layer and a water wall, and the water wall includes an upper water tank, a lower water tank, and water pipes connecting the upper and lower water tanks; The heat transfer medium system includes a water pump, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a hydraulic regulator, a pressure gauge and an atomizing nozzle. The water pump is connected to the lower water tank through a pipeline. The soft water sprayed into the heat storage stack; the heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage stack through a steam pipeline, and connected to the upper water tank through a water pipeline, and a three-way valve is provided on the steam pipeline. According to the user and different process requirements, the opening of the three-way valve and the cold water flow of the heat exchanger can be adjusted to provide users with hot water and steam for process purposes.

Preferably, the outer surface of the heat storage unit is provided with a threaded groove, and the electric heating device is embedded in the groove, including a threaded heat conducting shell and an internal electric heating wire.

Preferably, the bottom of the heat storage stack is provided with a temperature insulating plate, the attached pipes of the atomizing nozzles are arranged below the temperature insulating plate, and the nozzles are arranged above the temperature insulating plate. The atomizing nozzle adopts a hollow conical atomizing nozzle.

As a preference, the heat storage pile is arranged in the form of a vertical cylinder, and the height direction is greater than the transverse diameter distance (the ratio is greater than 2:1), so that a large temperature difference can be formed between the upper and lower ends of the heat storage pile to ensure soft water mist After melting, it can fully exchange heat to form saturated water vapor.

Preferably, the heat storage unit includes a hollow cylindrical non-oxide ceramic tube, inside which is encapsulated chloride molten salt, the volume of the molten salt does not exceed 80% of the hollow volume of the ceramic tube, and is sealed with a non-oxide ceramic head.

Preferably, the insulation structure of the heat storage stack is wrapped on the outside of the rigid shell, and from the inside to the outside are heat-conducting bricks, a phase-change insulation layer, a water-cooled wall, and a polyurethane composite board insulation layer. The constant temperature wall and water wall formed by the phase change insulation layer can reduce the temperature difference between the high temperature heat storage pile and the surrounding environment, and reduce the heat loss caused by temperature difference heat transfer and radiation.

As a preference, paraffin wax is used as the phase change material in the phase change insulation layer, and expanded graphite is used as the support carrier of the phase change material. During the heat storage process, the composite phase change material in the phase change insulation layer is always maintained at The phase change state forms a constant temperature wall to reduce the heat loss of the high temperature heat storage pile.

Working principle: The thermal storage stack in the utility model’s off-peak electricity utilization and steam generation device adopts the form of a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the internal thermal storage units are densely arranged in a tube-and-tube type, and the internal packaging is molten chloride salt. Wrapped with an electric heating device, it can be turned on during the low-cost off-peak electricity period at night to store heat. After the heat storage pile passes through the heat conduction layer, the composite phase change material in the phase change insulation layer is always kept in a phase change state (about 80°C), forming a constant temperature wall, which can reduce the high temperature difference between the high temperature heat storage pile and the surrounding environment The heat loss caused by heat dissipation; the water wall is composed of water pipes and connected to the upper water tank and the lower water tank. The heat transfer medium is soft water, and the normal temperature soft water is stored in the upper water tank. During the peak period of electricity consumption during the day, the soft water in the lower water tank enters the flow meter and hydraulic regulator to adjust the flow and pressure after being sucked by the pump, and then enters the heat storage stack after being atomized by the atomizing nozzle to fully exchange heat with the high temperature heat storage unit Finally, high-temperature saturated steam is formed and sent out, and then enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with cold water after passing through the three-way diversion, and generates hot water to provide hot water and heating for users, and can also provide steam required for the process.

Beneficial effects: The utility model is a technical scheme of a ceramic matrix molten salt phase change high temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generator. Compared with the prior art, it has the following innovations and beneficial effects: In terms of corrosion, compared with conventional heat storage devices, the non-oxide ceramic tubes selected by the utility model have higher thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance; 2) followed by heat storage capacity, the utility model Use molten salts with heat storage temperatures up to 700°C, such as chloride molten salts (melting point: 550°C) as phase change materials, which have the advantages of high heat storage temperature, high heat storage density, and good thermal stability; 3) the third In terms of thermal insulation structure, the utility model adopts a multi-layer thermal insulation structure, in which the phase change thermal insulation layer and the water-cooled wall, the composite phase-change material in the phase-change thermal It is soft water at normal temperature, and the two can form an effective temperature insulation layer, which greatly reduces the heat dissipation loss caused by the high temperature difference between the high temperature heat storage pile and the surrounding environment; 4) In addition, the inside of the heat storage pile of the utility model adopts similar Due to the structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, there are densely distributed ceramic tube heat storage units inside, and an atomizing nozzle is installed below, so that the heat exchange medium can be atomized before exchanging heat with the heat storage unit, which can ensure sufficient exchange between the two. At the same time, the hourly atomization flow of soft water can be changed according to user needs, so as to meet the requirements of different levels of domestic hot water supply and steam supply.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional example diagram of the heat storage stack and its insulation layer in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the embodiment of the utility model.

In the figure, 1-polyurethane composite board, 2-upper water tank, 3-water wall, 4-lower water tank, 5-phase change insulation layer, 6-heat conduction brick, 7-rigid shell, 8-heat storage unit, 9 -gas-liquid separation area, 10-insulation plate, 11-water pump, 12-electromagnetic flowmeter, 13-hydraulic regulator, 14-pressure gauge, 15-atomizing nozzle, 16-three-way valve, 17-heat exchanger .

detailed description

In order to describe the technical principles, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly in detail, the utility model is described more comprehensively below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, one of the ceramic substrate molten salt phase change high-temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generating devices disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model of this embodiment mainly includes a heat storage stack main body, a heat storage Heap insulation structure, heat transfer medium system and heat exchange system. The heat storage reactor is connected to the heat exchange system through steam pipes, and the high-temperature saturated water vapor in the steam pipes is adjusted through the three-way valve to adjust the flow distribution, which can meet the domestic hot water and steam supply for process purposes at the same time. The specific introduction of each part is as follows:

The main body of the heat storage pile: includes a rigid shell 7, a heat storage unit 8 and a lower temperature insulation board 10; the inside of the heat storage pile is in the form of a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the rigid shell 7 is provided with a soft water inlet and a Steam outlet; inside the heat storage reactor, the top is set as a gas-liquid separation zone 9, and the bottom is set as a temperature insulation space; the heat storage reactor uses the shell side as the heat transfer medium, and a molten salt phase change heat storage unit 8 is installed on the tube side; A threaded electric heating device is embedded on the surface of the heat storage unit; the heat insulation plate (10) forms a high-temperature isolation layer below the heat storage pile and serves as a support structure for the heat storage unit; the heat storage unit 8 is vertically The tubes are evenly distributed in the rigid shell 7, and heat exchange channels are left between each heat storage unit 8; the heat storage unit 8 adopts a cylindrical non-oxide ceramic tube structure with molten salt encapsulated inside, and its outer surface There is a threaded groove, and a spiral electric heating device can be arranged embedded. The electric heating device adopts a spiral heat conduction plate, and its interior is a hollow structure and an electric heating wire is arranged. Among them, the non-oxide ceramic tube has high thermal conductivity and high specific heat capacity, and the ceramic tube is preformed into a hollow cylindrical structure; molten salt can be selected from chloride molten salt according to the requirement of heat storage temperature (700°C), and the volume of the encapsulated molten salt should not exceed For 80% of the hollow volume of the ceramic tube, the molten salt phase change material is sealed with a prefabricated silicon carbide ceramic head. The heat insulation board 10 forms a high-temperature insulation layer under the heat storage stack and serves as a support structure for the heat storage unit.

Thermal storage stack insulation structure: As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the thermal insulation structure of the thermal storage stack includes heat-conducting bricks 6, phase-change thermal insulation layers 5, water-cooled walls 3 and polyurethane composite panels 1 from the inside to the outside. The heat conduction brick 6 can be made of lightweight silica, which has a small thermal conductivity at high temperature, so it can reduce the temperature difference loss of the heat storage pile, and can also transfer part of the heat to the phase change insulation layer, and according to the temperature of the phase change insulation layer According to the temperature requirements of the shell of the heat storage reactor, the thickness of the heat conduction bricks should be arranged reasonably. The phase-change insulation layer 5 can use paraffin (C40H82) as the phase-change material, and expanded graphite as the support structure of the phase-change material, and its temperature can be maintained at a state where the composite phase-change material composed of expanded graphite and paraffin is always in a phase-change state. . The water wall 3 includes an upper water tank 2, a lower water tank 4 and steel pipes. Soft water at normal temperature is stored in the upper water tank. When in use, the opening in the upper water tank is opened, and the soft water will be preheated by the steel pipes under the action of gravity, and enter the lower water tank after preheating. The temperature resistance of the polyurethane composite board 1 is between 80°C and 120°C.

Heat transfer medium system: including a water pump 11 , an electromagnetic flowmeter 12 , a hydraulic regulator 13 , a pressure gauge 14 and an atomizing nozzle 15 . The water pump 11 can adjust the flow of soft water according to the user's hot water supply and industrial steam supply requirements; the flow meter 12, the hydraulic regulator 13 and the pressure gauge 14 are mainly used to adjust the flow and pressure of the soft water according to the requirements of the atomizing nozzle 15; the atomizing nozzle The pipeline at the front end of 15 is arranged in the heat insulation space below the heat storage pile, that is, below the heat insulating plate 10, so as to prevent the medium in the pipeline from being atomized before reaching the nozzle; the atomizing nozzle 15 can be a hollow conical atomizing nozzle, its The lower end is fixed above the heat shield.

Heat exchange system: including three-way valve 16, heat exchanger 17 and its subsidiary pipelines. The heat exchanger 17 can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the three-way valve 16 is arranged on the steam pipe connecting the heat exchanger 17 and the heat storage stack, and the opening of the three-way valve can be adjusted according to the steam demand of the process. The heat exchanger 17 can adjust the flow rate of the cold water pump according to the temperature drop requirement of the steam, and the heat transfer medium (soft water) after fully exchanging heat with the cold water is cooled to normal temperature again, and sent to the upper water tank through the water pipe for recycling. Pay special attention to the heat preservation work of steam pipeline and heat exchanger 17.

A ceramic substrate molten salt phase change high temperature heat storage type valley electricity utilization steam generating device according to the embodiment of the utility model, its working process is mainly described as follows:

Heat storage: As shown in Figure 1, when the electricity is low at night, start the electric heating device, the electric heating wire heats up and starts to transfer heat to the spiral heat conducting plate in the form of heat radiation and heat conduction, and the heat conduction plate uses heat conduction and The form of heat conduction dissipates heat to the ceramic tube heat storage unit 8. Since the electric heating device is embedded on the outer surface of the heat storage unit 8, and the non-oxide ceramic tube has a relatively high thermal conductivity, it can ensure that the heat storage unit 8 absorbs heat quickly. , and then quickly transfer heat to the chloride molten salt, the molten salt undergoes a phase change to store heat, and after heating to the required temperature (700°C), turn off the electric heating device.

When exothermic: During the peak power consumption during the day, start the water pump 11 to pump the soft water in the lower water tank 4 into the atomization device, and after being atomized by the atomization nozzle 15, enter the heat storage stack to fully exchange heat with the heat storage unit 8. The formed high-temperature saturated water vapor is drawn out and then diverted through the three-way valve 16 to adjust the flow. Part of the steam is supplied, and the other part enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 17 for heat exchange. The cooled soft water is recirculated and sent to the upper water tank 2 .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand or actually operate the present utility model. The principles and technical contents defined in this paper, professional technicians can make equivalent modifications without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model, as long as they conform to the spirit of the utility model, they will all be within the protection scope of the utility model .

Claims (8)

1. a ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterised in that include accumulation of heat heap, accumulation of heat heap insulation construction, heat transfer medium system and heat-exchange system；

Described accumulation of heat heap includes a rigidity housing (7) and some thermal storage units (8) with the uniform cloth of shell and tube in described rigidity housing (7)；Described thermal storage unit (8) is the fused salt that hollow structure and enclosed inside regenerator temperature reach more than 700 DEG C, and outer surface is provided with electric heater unit；

Described accumulation of heat heap insulation construction is located at the outer surface of accumulation of heat heap, and including heat-conducting layer, phase-transition heat-preserving layer and water-cooling wall, described water-cooling wall includes upper water box (2), lower header (4) and connects the water pipe of upper lower header；

Described heat transfer medium system includes water pump (11), electromagnetic flowmeter (12), fluid pressure governor (13), pressure gauge (14) and atomizer (15), described water pump (11) is connected with lower header (4) by pipeline, described atomizer (15) is located at bottom accumulation of heat heap, and the soft water after atomization is sprayed into accumulation of heat heap；

Described heat-exchange system includes heat exchanger (17), and described heat exchanger (17) is connected with accumulation of heat heap by jet chimney, is connected with upper water box (2) by waterpipe, and described jet chimney is provided with triple valve (16).

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 1 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, the outer surface of described thermal storage unit (8) is provided with thread-like groove, described electric heater unit is embedding in a groove, including shape of threads thermal conductive shell and internal electrical heating wire.

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 1 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described accumulation of heat heap is provided with thermal insulative board (10), the attached pipe arrangement of described atomizer (15) is in the lower section of thermal insulative board (10), and nozzle layout of sprinkler is in the top of thermal insulative board (10).

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 3 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterised in that described atomizer (15) is hollow cone atomizer.

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 1 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterised in that described accumulation of heat heap uses the arrangement form of vertical type cylinder, more than trans D distance in short transverse.

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 1 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, described thermal storage unit includes the non-oxide ceramics pipe of hollow cylindrical structure, enclosed inside molten chloride, fused salt volume, less than the 80% of earthenware hollow volume, uses non-oxide ceramics end socket to seal.

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 1 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, described accumulation of heat heap insulation construction is wrapped in the outside of described rigidity housing (7), is from inside to outside followed successively by heat conduction brick (6), phase-transition heat-preserving layer (5), water-cooling wall (3) and Rigid foam polyurethane (1) heat-insulation layer.

A kind of ceramic matrix fused salt phase transformation high-temperature thermal storage type paddy electricity the most according to claim 7 utilizes steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, described phase-transition heat-preserving layer (5) is phase-change material for using paraffin, and expanded graphite supports the phase-transition heat-preserving layer of carrier as phase-change material.