CN106723333B - Electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is melt-blown superfine fiber with the diameter of 1-5 mu m; the superfine fiber is prepared from 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch; the melt-blown superfine fiber is subjected to electret treatment; the thermoplastic material is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE. The invention improves the conventional melt-blowing method, changes the traditional one-time cloth forming into the preparation of the superfine fiber bundle with the diameter of 1-5 mu m, has uniform fiber fineness, and can avoid the environmental pollution problem in the production of acetate fiber. The invention carries out electret treatment on the superfine fiber, the treated fiber has lasting static electricity, the charge retention rate can reach more than 2 years, the fiber can collect particle dust by means of the static effect, and the fiber has the advantages of high filtration efficiency, low filtration resistance and the like.

Description

A kind of electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of cigarette filter tip materials and non-woven fields, in particular to an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Cigarette smoke contains particulates, commonly called tar. Tar contains a large number of chemical components, 4,000 to 5,000 species, which are all products of incomplete combustion of tobacco. Cigarette filters are used to filter harmful substances such as tar in tobacco. At present, the commonly used cigarette filter material is acetate fiber cigarette filter, and acetate fiber is obtained by wet spinning, the production process is long, the solvent used in the spinning process is harmful to the environment, and there are three wastes pollution. In addition, the effect of cellulose acetate fiber in filtering out harmful carcinogens (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aldehydes) in mainstream cigarette smoke is not very satisfactory, and only about 40% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are removed.

Cigarette filters filter smoke components to reduce inhalation of tar and nicotine. However, after the cigarette is equipped with a cigarette filter, the suction resistance is greatly increased, and the more toxic substances are. For example, carbon monoxide, benzopyrene, etc. are all generated by the incomplete combustion of organic substances contained in tobacco during the smoking process. more. The finer the fibers, the better the filtration performance. The three main functions of cigarette filters include direct interception, inertial compaction and diffusion deposition, the most common being direct interception of cigarette filters. Filtration is a complex process, which means that after the tar droplets are separated from the smoke, they stick to the surface of the cigarette filter material when they reach it. The finer the fiber, the higher the filtering efficiency of the cigarette filter. The diameter of the acetate fiber used in the conventional filter is between 7 and 20 μm.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem of low filtration efficiency of cigarette filter materials in the prior art, the present invention provides an electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method and preparation device thereof.

An electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is a meltblown superfine fiber with a diameter of 1-5 μm.

Further, the meltblown ultrafine fibers are made of 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret masterbatch.

Further, the meltblown ultrafine fibers have undergone electret treatment.

A preparation method of electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step S1, uniformly mix the thermoplastic material of 94-99 parts by weight and the electret master batch of 1-6 parts by weight to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, the melt-blown device utilizes the mixture to prepare the melt-blown ultrafine fibers;

Step S3, the cooling and clustering device cools and clusters the melt-blown ultrafine fibers sprayed by the melt-blowing device;

In step S4, the collection device processes and collects the melt-blown ultrafine fibers to obtain electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

Further, the cooling and clustering device in the step S3 includes a cold air box and a curtain net receiving device; the step S3 is specifically: the cold air box cools the melt-blown ultrafine fibers, and the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers fall on the edge in turn. On the curtain web receiving device driven by the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device, the curtain web receiving device bundles the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers to obtain the ultra-fine fiber bundles.

Further, the cooling and clustering device in the step S3 includes a cold air box and a first clustering device; the step S3 is specifically: the cold air box cools the meltblown ultrafine fibers sprayed from the meltblown device, and the first A bundling device bundles the cooled meltblown ultrafine fibers; and the width of the first bundling device along the width direction is not less than the width of the meltblown die in the meltblown device along the width direction.

Further, after the melt-blown ultrafine fibers are cooled and bundled by a cooling bundle device, they are also subjected to electret treatment by an electret treatment device.

Further, the electret voltage of the electret treatment device is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10s.

Further, the thermoplastic material of the step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the finer the fiber, the higher the filtering efficiency of the cigarette filter tip, the diameter of the acetate fiber used in the conventional filter tip is between 7 and 20 μm, and the conventional melt-blown method cannot obtain fiber bundles, only The fiber non-woven fabric is obtained, and the present invention improves the conventional melt-blown method, and accelerates the cooling of the melt-blown fibers by increasing the cold side air blowing, so that the fibers are collected under the condition of complete cooling, avoiding the bonding between the melt-blown fibers, and also It can prevent the fiber from de-orientation at higher temperature, the melt-blown fiber retains a certain degree of orientation, and the fiber strength is improved. At the same time, by changing the curtain web from the traditional non-woven fabric to move perpendicular to the width of the web to move along the width of the web, ultrafine fiber bundles with a diameter of 1 to 5 μm can be directly produced, and the fineness is The uniform change is small, so the filtering effect is high, and the environmental pollution problem in the production of acetate fiber can be avoided. In the present invention, the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are electret treated, and through the special electret treatment, the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers can be polarized and charged, thereby improving the electrostatic adsorption performance of the material without increasing the breathing resistance of the material. At the same time, the charge retention rate can reach more than 2 years, and it can be spread into particulate dust by electrostatic effect, which has the advantages of high filtration efficiency and low filtration resistance.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preparation device when the cooling and clustering device adopts the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preparation device when the cooling and clustering device adopts the second embodiment.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each number is as follows:

1. Melt-blown device; 2. Cold air box; 3. Curtain net receiving device; 4. First bundle device; 5. Collection device; 6. Melt-blown ultrafine fiber; 7. Electret treatment device; 8. Fiber channel; 9. Tanker; 10. The second cluster device

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

An electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is a meltblown superfine fiber with a diameter of 1-5 μm.

The melt-blown microfiber is made from 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret masterbatch.

The meltblown microfibers are electret treated.

A preparation method of electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step S1, uniformly mix the thermoplastic material of 94-99 parts by weight and the electret master batch of 1-6 parts by weight to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, the melt-blown device 1 utilizes the mixture to prepare the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6;

Step S3, the cooling and clustering device cools and clusters the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 sprayed from the melt-blowing device 1;

In step S4, the collection device 5 processes and collects the meltblown ultrafine fibers 6 to obtain electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material.

In the first embodiment of the cooling bundling device, the cooling bundling device in step S3 includes a cold air box 2 and a curtain mesh receiving device 3; the step S3 is specifically: the cold air box 3 cools the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6, The cooled meltblown ultrafine fibers 6 fall on the curtain web receiving device 3 which is driven along the width direction of the meltblown die in the meltblown device 1 in turn, and the meltblown ultrafine fibers 6 are bundled to obtain an ultrafine fiber bundle.

After the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 are bundled by the curtain mesh receiving device 3 , they are electret treated by the electret treatment device 7 , and further bundled by the second bundle device 10 , and then enter the collection device 5 .

In the second embodiment of the cooling clustering device, the cooling clustering device in step S3 includes a cold air box 2 and a first clustering device 4 ; the step S3 is specifically: the cold air box sprays the melt blowing device 1 . The melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6 are cooled, and the first bundling device 4 bundles the cooled melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6; and the width of the first bundling device 4 along the width direction is not smaller than that in the melt-blown device 1 The width of the meltblown die in the width direction.

After the meltblown ultrafine fibers 6 are bundled by the first bundle device 4 , they are subjected to electret treatment by the electret treatment device 7 , and then enter the collection device 5 .

The electret voltage of the electret treatment device is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10s.

The thermoplastic material of the step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.

The collection device 5 is a cutting machine, and after the oil tanker 9 has oiled the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6, the wire guide device introduces the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers into the cutting machine, and the cutting machine cuts the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6 into uniform small sections, As an electret microfiber cigarette filter material.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a preparation device for electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material, comprising a melt-blown device 1, a cooling and clustering device, an electret processing device and a collecting device;

The melt-blown device 1 is used to prepare the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 and transport the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6 to the cooling and clustering device;

The cooling and clustering device is arranged below the melt-blown device 1, and is used to cool and cluster the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 sprayed from the melt-blown device 1 to obtain ultra-fine fiber bundles;

The electret treatment device is used for electret treatment of ultrafine fiber bundles;

The collecting device is used for processing and collecting the ultra-fine fiber bundles to obtain electret ultra-fine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first embodiment of the cooling bundling device includes a cold air box 2 and a screen mesh receiving device 3 ;

The cold air box 2 is arranged below the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1, and is used to cool the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 sprayed from the melt-blown device 1, and the curtain net receiving device 3 is arranged in the cold-air box 2. Below, for bundling the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 after cooling; the curtain web receiving device 3 is along the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1, from one end away from the electret treatment device 7, Drive to the end close to the electret treatment device 7 .

The curtain web receiving device 3 is provided with a suction device for sucking the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 onto the upper surface of the curtain web receiving device 3 .

When cooling the first embodiment of the bundling device, a second bundling device 10 is further disposed between the electret processing device and the collecting device 5 for further bundling the ultrafine fiber bundles.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second embodiment of the cooling and clustering device includes a cold air box 2 and a first clustering device 4; the cold air box 2 is arranged below the melt-blown die in the melt-blown device 1, For cooling the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 sprayed from the melt-blown device 1, the first bundling device 4 is arranged below the cold air box 2 for bundling the cooled melt-blown ultra-fine fibers 6 to obtain ultra-fine fibers 6. Fine fiber bundles; the ultrafine fiber bundles are transported to the electret treatment device 7 through the fiber channel 8, and the ultrafine fibers enter the collection device for cutting and collection after electret treatment. The function of the fiber channel 8 is to hold and guide the fiber bundle, which can be in the form of a support plate or the like. The width of the first bunching device 4 along the width direction is not less than the width of the meltblown die head in the meltblown device 1 along the width direction, so all the ultrafine fibers sprayed by the meltblown device can enter the bunching device 4 for bunching. .

Both the first clustering device 4 and the second clustering device 10 can use a bell mouth cluster. The second bundling device 10, the wire guide device, the cutting machine, etc. can be fixed by means of brackets or the like.

Example 1

A preparation method of electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material, comprising the following steps:

Step S1, get 96 parts by weight of polypropylene pellets and 4 parts by weight of electret master batch and mix to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, set the temperature of the four regions of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, and 270°C respectively, and feed the mixture obtained in step S1 into the silo of the screw extruder , forming a melt through a screw melt extruder;

Step S3, the melt is sprayed out through the spinneret after the metering pump, and the melt-blown ultrafine fibers are obtained by drawing under 220 ° C and 0.4MPa hot air, and the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are cooled by using a curtain net collecting device or a bunching device to bundle. ;

Step S4, electreting the melt-blown ultrafine fibers obtained in step S3 by means of high-voltage corona discharge, the electret voltage is 10kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret time is 10s;

In step S5, the electret-treated melt-blown ultrafine fibers are sequentially bundled, sizing, shaped and cut to obtain electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

The average diameter of the ultrafine fibers of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material prepared in this embodiment can reach 2 μm, and the filtration efficiency can reach 95%.

Example 2

Step S1, get 95 parts by weight of polypropylene pellets and 5 parts by weight of electret master batch and mix to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, set the temperature of the four regions of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, and 270°C respectively, and feed the mixture obtained in step S1 into the silo of the screw extruder , forming a melt through a screw melt extruder;

Step S3, the melt is sprayed out through the spinneret after the metering pump, and the melt-blown ultrafine fibers are obtained by drawing under 220 ° C and 0.4MPa hot air, and the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are cooled by using a curtain net collecting device or a bunching device to bundle. ;

In step S4, electret treatment is performed on the ultrafine fibers obtained in step S3 by means of high-voltage corona discharge, and the electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 20mm, and the electret time is 10s;

In step S5, the superfine fibers after the melt-blown electret treatment are sequentially bundled, glued, shaped and cut to obtain electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

The average diameter of the ultrafine fibers of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material prepared in this example is 2 μm, and the filtration efficiency can reach 98%.

Example 3

Step S1, get 96 parts by weight of PET pellets, 4 parts by weight of electret master batch and mix to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, put the mixture into a boiling pre-crystallizer, pre-crystallize at 120°C for 2 hours, then put it into a filling dryer, and dry at 180°C for 8 hours;

Step S3, set the temperature of the four regions of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 270°C, 270°C, 280°C, and 285°C, respectively, and feed the mixture processed in step S2 into the material of the screw extruder. silo, the melt is formed by screw melt extruder;

Step S4, the melt is sprayed through a spinneret after the metering pump, and the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are obtained by drawing at 220 ° C and 0.4 MPa hot air. After the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are cooled, they are bundled using a curtain mesh collection device or a clustering device. ;

Step S5, performing electret treatment on the ultrafine fibers obtained in step S4 by means of high-voltage corona discharge, the electret voltage is 10kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret time is 10s;

In step S6, the electret-treated melt-blown ultrafine fibers are sequentially bundled, glued, shaped and cut to obtain electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

The average diameter of the ultrafine fibers of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material prepared in this example is 2.5 μm, and the filtration efficiency can reach 92%.

Example 4

Step S1, get 95 parts by weight of PET pellets, 5 parts by weight of electret master batch and mix to obtain a mixture;

Step S2, put the mixture into a boiling pre-crystallizer, pre-crystallize at 120°C for 2 hours, then put it into a filling dryer, and dry at 180°C for 8 hours;

Step S3, set the temperature of the four regions of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 270°C, 270°C, 280°C, and 285°C, respectively, and feed the mixture processed in step S2 into the material of the screw extruder. silo, the melt is formed by screw melt extruder;

Step S4, the melt is sprayed through a spinneret after the metering pump, and the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are obtained by drawing at 220 ° C and 0.4 MPa hot air. After the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are cooled, they are bundled using a curtain mesh collection device or a clustering device. ;

In step S5, electret treatment is performed on the ultrafine fibers obtained in step S4 by means of high-voltage corona discharge, the electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 20mm, and the electret time is 10s;

In step S6, the electret-treated melt-blown ultrafine fibers are sequentially bundled, glued, shaped and cut to obtain electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.

The average diameter of the ultrafine fibers of the electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material prepared in this embodiment is 2.5 μm, and the filtration efficiency can reach 94%.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, uniformly mixing 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;

s2, preparing the melt-blown superfine fiber (6) by the melt-blowing device (1) by using the mixture;

s3, cooling and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sprayed by the melt-blowing device (1) by the cooling and bundling device;

the cooling bundling device in the step S3 comprises a cold air box (2) and a curtain net receiving device (3); the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box (2) cools the melt-blown superfine fibers (6), the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sequentially fall on a curtain receiving device (3) which is driven along the width direction of a melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1), and the curtain receiving device (3) bunches the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) to obtain superfine fiber bundles;

and S4, processing and collecting the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) by the collecting device (5) to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material.

2. The method for preparing electret microfiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the cooling bundling device of step S3 comprises a cold air box (2) and a first bundling device (4); the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box cools the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sprayed by the melt-blowing device (1), and the first bundling device (4) bundles the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers (6); and the width of the first bundling device (4) along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1) along the width direction.

3. The preparation method of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the melt-blown superfine fiber (6) is cooled and converged by a cooling and bundling device, and is subjected to electret treatment by an electret treatment device (4).

4. The preparation method of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material according to claim 3, wherein the electret voltage of the electret treatment device (4) is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10 s.

5. The method for preparing electret microfiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material of step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.

6. An electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material characterized by being made of a melt-blown ultrafine fiber bundle prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the melt-blown ultrafine fibers in the melt-blown ultrafine fiber bundle have a diameter of 1 to 5 μm.

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