CN106555277A - The device and method of composite ultrafine fiber beam is prepared using melt-blown and electrostatic spinning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing composite ultrafine fiber bundles by means of melt blown and electrospinning. The device includes a melt blown device, a cooling cluster device, an electrostatic spinning device and an electret device; Fiber, the cooling and clustering device is set under the melt blown device, which is used to cool and bundle the melt blown ultrafine fiber ejected from the melt blown device; the electrospinning and electret device is used to prepare the electrospun ultrafine fiber, and the electrostatic ultrafine Thin fibers and melt-blown superfine fibers are compounded and treated with electret to obtain electret composite fiber bundles. Since the fiber bundles of the present invention are all composed of melt-blown fibers and electrospun ultra-fine fibers, the fibers are of micron and nano-scale, the specific surface area is large, more air remains between the fibers, and the heat insulation and sound absorption effects are very good. When filtering and adsorbing, it can intercept particles of different sizes, and because the melt-blown fibers and electrostatic fibers are treated with electret, the filtration and adsorption efficiency of fine particles will be very good without increasing the filtration resistance.

Description

Device and method for preparing composite ultrafine fiber bundles by meltblowing and electrospinning

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fiber manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by using melt blown and electrospinning.

Background technique

Melt-blown microfiber is a thermoplastic material that is melted under the blowing of high-speed hot air and stretched to form a melt-blown microfiber. However, because of its ultrafineness, its strength is very low and it cannot be used alone. This greatly limits the scope of use of melt-blown microfibers. The usual melt-blown device is to directly lay the net to form a melt-blown cloth after the melt-blown ultrafine fibers are sprayed out, and cannot collect single fibers or fiber bundles, so the properties of the fiber bundles cannot be utilized. Meltblown ultrafine fiber bundles are a collection of countless meltblown ultrafine fibers, so they have a very large specific surface area, and then have a very good filtration and adsorption effect, and can also make up for the problem of insufficient strength of single fibers.

Electrospun microfibers are nanoscale fibers formed by polymer solutions or melts under the action of high-voltage electric fields, so they also have large specific surface areas, as well as sound-absorbing and filter-absorbing properties. The usual electrospinning device is also directly formed into cloth after spraying out the electrospun ultrafine fibers.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a device and a method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by using melt blown and electrospinning.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:

A device for preparing composite ultrafine fiber bundles by means of melt blown and electrospinning, including a melt blown device, a cooling cluster device, an electrospinning device and an electret device;

The melt-blowing device is used to prepare melt-blown superfine fibers, and transport the melt-blown superfine fibers to the cooling and clustering device;

The cooling and clustering device is arranged below the melt-blowing device for cooling and clustering the melt-blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt-blowing device;

The electrospinning and electret devices are used to prepare electrospinning ultrafine fibers, and the electrospinning ultrafine fibers and meltblown ultrafine fibers are combined to obtain meltblown fibers/electrospinning ultrafine fiber composite fiber bundles, and the meltblown fibers are The composite fiber bundle of electrospun microfiber is subjected to electret treatment to obtain electret meltblown fiber/composite fiber bundle of superfine fiber by electrospinning.

Further, the cooling and clustering device includes a cold air box and a clustering device; the cold air box is arranged under the melt-blowing die head in the melt-blowing device, and is used to cool the melt-blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt-blowing device, so The clustering device is arranged under the cold air box for clustering the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers; the width of the clustering device along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device along the width direction.

Further, the cooling cluster device includes a cold air box and a screen receiving device;

The cold air box is arranged under the melt blown die head in the melt blown device, and is used to cool the melt blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt blown device, and the curtain receiving device is arranged under the cold air box, for cooling The final melt-blown ultrafine fibers are bundled; the curtain receiving device is along the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device, from one end away from the electrospinning and electret device to the end close to the electrospinning and electret device. One end of the pole device is driven.

Further, the distance between the upper surface of the cold air box and the lower surface of the melt-blown die in the melt-blown device is 5-10 cm, and the width of the cold-air box along the width direction is the same as the width of the melt-blown die in the melt-blown device. 1.1 times to 1.25 times the width in the width direction.

Further, the cold air box includes refrigeration equipment, air conditioning equipment, fans, pipes, side blowing system and control system;

The side blowing system includes an air duct, a box body, a perforated plate and an air outlet; the air duct is arranged on the box body for air intake;

The porous plate adopts a stainless steel plate with a thickness range of 2-3mm, and the opening ratio ranges from 50% to 80%, and the diameter of a single hole ranges from 1-3mm. The number of the porous plates is 1-3, and the parallel placed in the box;

The box is a cuboid structure with an air outlet on one side. The air outlet faces the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers ejected from the melt-blown die head, and the cold air blows to the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers ejected from the melt-blown device through the air outlet. fiber;

The air outlet includes a damping net and a deflector, the deflector adopts an aluminum honeycomb panel with a thickness ranging from 30-50mm, and the distance L between each pair of parallel surfaces of a single honeycomb hole ranges from 3-5mm; Damping nets are arranged on both sides of the plate; the damping nets are 60-150 mesh stainless steel nets or brass nets;

In addition to the side where the air outlet is installed, the outer surfaces of the other sides of the box body are also covered with an insulating layer.

Further, the electrospinning and electret device includes an electrospinning device and a post-electret processing device, and the electrospinning device is used to prepare electrospun ultrafine fibers by using an electrospinning method, and the electrospun ultrafine fibers The fine fibers and the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are compounded together, and the post electret treatment device is used for performing electret treatment on the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers and the electrospun ultra-fine fibers.

Further, a pre-electre treatment device is also provided between the cooling cluster device and the electrospinning and electret device, which is used to perform electret treatment on the melt-blown ultrafine fibers to obtain electret melt-blown fibers/electrospinning Microfiber composite fiber bundle.

Further, after the electrospinning and electret device, a second bundling device is provided for bundling the electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle.

The method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by melt-blowing and electrospinning comprises the following steps:

Step S1, the melt-blown device prepares melt-blown ultrafine fibers, and transports the melt-blown ultrafine fibers to the cooling and clustering device;

Step S2, the cooling and clustering device cools and clusters the melt-blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt-blown device;

Step S3, electrospinning and electret device to prepare electrospun ultrafine fibers, compound electrospun ultrafine fibers and meltblown ultrafine fibers to obtain meltblown fiber/electrospun ultrafine fiber composite fiber bundles, and meltblown fiber/ Electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundles are subjected to electret treatment to obtain electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundles.

Further, the cooling and converging device in the step S2 includes a cold air box, a screen receiving device and a converging device; the step S2 is specifically: the cold air box cools the melt-blown ultrafine fibers, and the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers are sequentially It falls on the curtain receiving device that is driven along the width direction of the melt blown die head in the melt blown device. After the melt blown ultrafine fibers are superimposed on the curtain receiving device, they are transmitted to the electrospinning through the curtain receiving device. And electret device;

Further, the cooling and clustering device in step S2 includes a cold air box and a clustering device; the step S2 is specifically: the cold air box cools the melt-blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt-blowing device, and the clustering device The cooled meltblown ultrafine fibers are bunched; and the width of the bunching device along the width direction is not smaller than the width of the meltblown die head in the meltblown device along the width direction.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention improves the conventional melt-blown method, accelerates the cooling of the melt-blown ultrafine fibers by increasing the cold side air blowing, so that the fibers are collected under the condition of complete cooling, and avoids the gap between the melt-blown ultrafine fibers. Bonding can also prevent the fibers from deorientation at higher temperatures, and the melt-blown ultrafine fibers retain a certain degree of orientation, and the fiber strength is improved. At the same time, the curtain web is changed from the traditional non-woven fabric to move perpendicular to the width direction of the melt-blown die head to move along the width direction of the melt-blown die head, or to directly bundle the melt-blown ultrafine fibers after cooling, which can Melt-blown ultra-fine fiber bundles with a diameter of 1-5 μm can be directly produced. The present invention combines melt-blown and electrospinning, and combines fibers of different fineness levels to form composite fibers. The composite fiber bundles of the present invention are produced by melting Composed of sprayed fiber and electrospun ultrafine fiber, the fiber is micron and nanoscale, and there are tiny holes on the surface, so its specific surface area will be large, the heat insulation and sound absorption effect will be good, and it can intercept particles of different sizes during filtration and adsorption. Particles, and since meltblown fibers and electrospun ultrafine fibers are treated with electret, the filtration and adsorption efficiency of fine particles will be very good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the preparation device when the cooling cluster device adopts the first embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the preparation device when the cooling cluster device adopts the second embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the side blowing system of the preparation device.

In the accompanying drawings, the parts list represented by each label is as follows:

1. Meltblown device; 2. Cold air box; 3. Curtain net receiving device; 4. Clustering device; 5. Electrospinning and electret device; 6. Meltblown ultrafine fiber; 7. Pre-electret processing device; 8. Second clustering device; 21. Air duct; 22. Box; 23. Perforated plate; 24. Damping net; 25. Deflector; 51. Electrospinning device;

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device for preparing composite ultrafine fiber bundles by melt blown and electrospinning is characterized in that: it includes a melt blown device 1, a cooling cluster device, electrospinning and an electret device 5;

The melt-blowing device 1 is used to prepare the melt-blown superfine fiber 6, and the melt-blown superfine fiber 6 is delivered to the cooling cluster device;

The cooling and clustering device is arranged below the melt-blowing device 1, and is used to cool and bundle the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 ejected from the melt-blowing device 1;

The electrospinning and electret device 5 is used to prepare electrospinning ultrafine fibers, and the electrospinning ultrafine fibers and meltblown ultrafine fibers are combined to obtain meltblown fibers/electrospinning ultrafine fiber composite fiber bundles, and the meltblown The fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is subjected to electret treatment to obtain the electret melt blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle.

After the electrospinning and electret device, a second bundling device 8 is provided for bundling the electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle.

As shown in Figure 1, it is the first embodiment of the cooling cluster device, which includes a cold air box 2 and a screen receiving device 3;

The cold air box 2 is arranged under the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1 for cooling the melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6 ejected from the melt-blown device 1, and the curtain receiving device 3 is arranged in the cold air box 2 Below, it is used to bundle the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers 6; the curtain receiving device 3 is along the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1, away from the electrospinning and electret device 5 One end of it is transmitted to one end of the electrospinning and electret device 5 .

The screen receiving device 3 is provided with a suction device for sucking the melt blown microfiber 6 onto the upper surface of the screen receiving device 3 .

As shown in Figure 2, it is a second embodiment of the cooling cluster device, which includes a cold air box 2 and a cluster device 4; the cold air box 2 is arranged below the spinneret of the meltblown device 1 for The melt-blown superfine fiber 6 of the spraying of melt-blown device 1 is cooled, and described clustering device 4 is arranged on the cold air box 2 below, is used to bundle the melt-blown superfine fiber 6 after cooling to obtain superfine fiber bundle; The superfine fiber bundles are transported to the pre-electret processing device 7 through the fiber channel. The function of the fiber channel is to support and guide the fiber bundle, and it can be in the form of a pallet or the like. The width of the clustering device 4 along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blowing device 1 along the width direction, so the melt-blown ultrafine fibers ejected from the melt-blowing device can all enter the clustering device 4 for clustering.

When the cooling clustering device adopts the second embodiment, the clustering device 4 adopts a bell-mouth cluster, and the longitudinal section of the bell-mouth cluster is trumpet-shaped, and the clustering device 4 is also connected to a suction device.

The second clustering device 8 also adopts a bell-mouth cluster, and the cross-section of the second clustering device 8 is a bell-mouth, located behind the electrospinning and electret device 5, and is 5 in the direction of the outlet of the electrospinning and electret device 5. ～15°, the cluster tunnel is double streamlined, the diameter of the entrance of the horn mouth is 10～20cm wider than the exit of the electrospinning and electret device 5, the diameter of the exit is 2～5cm, the length of the cluster is 20～40cm, and the cluster is connected With suction fan.

The distance range between the upper surface of the cold air box 2 and the lower surface of the melt-blown die in the melt-blown device 1 is 5-10 cm, and the width of the cold-air box 2 along the width direction is 5-10 cm along the width of the melt-blown die in the melt-blown device 1. 1.1-1.25 times the width in the width direction.

The cold air box 2 includes refrigeration equipment, air conditioning equipment, fan, pipeline, side blowing system and control system;

As shown in Figure 3, the side blowing system includes an air duct 21, a box body 22, a perforated plate 23 and an air outlet; the air duct 21 is arranged on the box body 22 for air intake;

The perforated plate 23 adopts a stainless steel plate with a thickness range of 2-3mm, and the porosity range is 50%-80%, the diameter of a single hole is 1-3mm, and the number of the perforated plates (23) is 1-3 block, and placed in parallel in the box;

The box is a cuboid structure with an air outlet on one side. The air outlet faces the melt-blown ultrafine fiber 6 ejected from the melt-blown device 1, and the cold air blows to the melt-blown microfiber 6 ejected from the melt-blown device 1 through the air outlet. Microfiber 6;

The air outlet includes a damping net 24 and a deflector 25, the deflector 25 is an aluminum honeycomb panel with a thickness ranging from 30-50mm, and the distance L between each pair of parallel faces of a single honeycomb hole ranges from 3-5mm ; Both sides of the deflector 25 are provided with damping nets 24; the damping nets 24 are 60-150 mesh stainless steel nets or brass nets;

The outer surfaces of the other sides of the box body 22 except the side where the air outlet is installed are also covered with an insulating layer.

The temperature of the cooling air blown out by the cold air box 2 is 5-20°C, the flow rate of the cooling air is in the range of 10000-20000m ³ /h, the pressure of the cooling air is in the range of 1000-2500Pa, and the wind speed is in the range of 1-2.5m/s.

The cold air box 2 is cooled by side blowing.

The electrospinning and electret device 5 includes an electrospinning device 51 and a post electret processing device 52, and the electrospinning device 51 is used to prepare an electrospinning superfine fiber by an electrospinning method, and the electrospinning device The ultrafine fibers and the melt-blown ultrafine fibers are composited together, and the post electret treatment device 52 is used for performing electret treatment on the melt-blown ultrafine fibers and the electrospun ultrafine fibers.

A pre-electret processing device 7 is also provided between the cooling and clustering device and the electrospinning and electret device 5 for performing electret treatment on the melt-blown ultrafine fibers. Because the electrospinning ultrafine fibers ejected by the electrospinning device 51 will be attached to the upper surface of the meltblown ultrafine fibers, when the post electret treatment device performs electret treatment on the composite fiber bundle, it may be possible for the meltblown ultrafine fibers The treatment is not comprehensive enough, and the effect of electret treatment on melt-blown ultra-fine fibers can be improved by pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultra-fine fibers.

The method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by melt-blowing and electrospinning comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: After putting thermoplastic fiber pellets such as PP and PET into the hopper of the melt-blown device, they are melted by the screw extruder, and the metering pump is quantitatively ejected from the spinneret, and the screw extruder The temperature of the four zones varies with different raw materials. For example, when the raw material is PP, the temperature of the four zones of the screw extruder is 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, and 270°C; when the raw material is PET, the temperature of the four zones of the screw extruder The temperatures were 270°C, 270°C, 280°C, and 280°C, respectively. The extruded melt-blown ultrafine fibers are first drawn and thinned rapidly under the hot air on both sides. The temperature of the hot air is 220-240°C, the pressure of the hot air is 0.4-0.5MPa, and the speed of the melt-blown is 10-100m/min. After the melt-blown ultrafine fiber is drawn by hot air, it is cooled in the cold air box. The temperature of the cooling air is 5-20°C, the flow rate of the cooling air is 10000-20000m ³ /h, the pressure of the cooling air is 1000-2500Pa, and the wind speed is 1-2.5 m/s, after the melt-blown ultrafine fiber is cooled, it is bundled with a curtain collection device or a bundle device.

(2) Pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers by means of high-voltage corona discharge, the electret voltage is 5-20kV, and the electret interval is 20- 60mm, electret time 5-10s.

(3) Preparation of electrospinning ultrafine fibers and composite fiber bundles: Electrospinning ultrafine fibers are prepared by using an electrospinning device. If the electrospinning device uses solution electrospinning, the electrospinning voltage is 1-50kV, and the spinning solution The concentration is 5%-35%, the receiving distance is 15-25cm, and the advancing speed of the syringe is 0.8-1.0ml/h; if the electrospinning device adopts melt electrospinning, the electrospinning voltage is 1-100kV, and the spinning The wire distance is 0.1-30cm, the air pressure is 0.5-5kPa, and the melt temperature is different according to different raw materials, such as 200-220°C for PE, 240-270°C for PET, 180-220°C for PLA, etc. The melt-blown ultrafine fiber is compounded with the electrospun ultrafine fiber ejected from the electrospinning needle of the electrospinning device to obtain a composite fiber bundle, and the composite fiber bundle is further subjected to post-electret treatment. The polar processing is consistent, and the electret melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is obtained.

(4) Bundling and collection of electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle: electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle enters the second bundle device for bundling and collection.

Since the fiber bundles of the present invention are all composed of melt-blown fibers and electrospun ultrafine fibers, the fibers are micron and nano-sized, and there are tiny holes on the surface, so the specific surface area will be large, and the heat insulation and sound absorption effects will be good. , It can intercept particles of different sizes during filtration and adsorption, and because the melt-blown fibers and electrospun ultra-fine fibers are treated with electret, the filtration and adsorption efficiency of fine particles will be very good.

The pre-electret processing device is for the electret of melt-blown ultrafine fibers. Since it does not have a charge, it needs many and dense electrets; the post-electret processing device is for melt-blown ultrafine fibers/electrospinning The electret of ultrafine fiber is mainly for electrospun ultrafine fiber, so only a small amount of electret is needed, and the front and rear electret positive plates are at the same height, and the distance between the positive plate and the negative plate is 5-30cm. The middle part is the electrospinning part. There is a high-voltage electrostatic field on the electrospinning needle, and the plate where the needle is located can move up and down to adjust the receiving distance. Electrospinning is divided into solution electrospinning and melt electrospinning. Among them, solution electrospinning The wire voltage is 1-50kV, the spinning solution concentration is 5%-35%, the receiving distance is 15-25cm, the advance speed of the syringe is 0.8-1.0ml/h; the melt electrospinning voltage is 1-100kV, the spinning The distance is 0.1-30cm, the air pressure is 0.5-5kPa, and the melt temperature is different according to different raw materials, such as 200-220°C for PE, 180-220°C for PLA, etc.

Example 1

The method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by melt-blowing and electrospinning comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: Add PP pellets to the hopper of the melt-blown device, melt through the screw extruder, and spray from the spinneret after the metering pump is quantified. The temperatures in the four zones of the screw extruder are respectively 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, 270°C, the sprayed melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are first drawn and thinned rapidly under the hot air on both sides. The hot air temperature is 220°C, the hot air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the melt-blown speed is 10m/min. After the fiber is drawn by hot air, it is cooled in the cold air box. The temperature of the cooling air is 8°C, the flow rate of the cooling air is 15000m ³ /h, the pressure of the cooling air is 1500Pa, and the wind speed is 2m/s. A net collecting device or a clustering device is used for clustering, and the average diameter of the obtained melt-blown ultrafine fibers is 1 μm.

(2) Pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers is carried out by high-voltage corona discharge. The electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret Time 10s.

(3) Preparation of electrospun ultrafine fibers and composite fiber bundles: Electrospinning ultrafine fibers were prepared by using an electrospinning device, which used PVA melt electrospinning, the electrospinning voltage was 18kV, and the concentration of the spinning solution was 5%, the receiving distance is 20cm, and the advancing speed of the syringe is 1.0ml/h. The melt-blown ultrafine fiber is compounded with the electrospun ultrafine fiber ejected from the electrospinning needle of the electrospinning device to obtain a composite fiber bundle, and the composite fiber bundle is further subjected to post-electret treatment. The polar processing is consistent, and the electret melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is obtained.

(4) Bundling and collection of electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle: electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle enters the second bundle device for bundling and collection.

The electrospun microfibers in this embodiment are nanoscale, and combined with the meltblown superfine fibers, can absorb and filter particles of different sizes, and also have adsorption and filtration properties for tiny particles such as PM2.5.

Example 2

The method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by melt-blowing and electrospinning comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: Add PP pellets to the hopper of the melt-blown device, melt through the screw extruder, and spray from the spinneret after the metering pump is quantified. The temperatures in the four zones of the screw extruder are respectively 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, 270°C, the sprayed melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are first drawn and thinned rapidly under the hot air on both sides. The hot air temperature is 220°C, the hot air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the melt-blown speed is 10m/min. After the fiber is drawn by hot air, it is cooled in the cold air box. The temperature of the cooling air is 8°C, the flow rate of the cooling air is 15000m ³ /h, the pressure of the cooling air is 1500Pa, and the wind speed is 2m/s. A net collecting device or a clustering device is used for clustering, and the average diameter of the obtained melt-blown ultrafine fibers is 1 μm.

(2) Pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers is carried out by high-voltage corona discharge. The electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret Time 10s.

(3) Preparation of electrospinning ultrafine fibers and composite fiber bundles: Electrospinning ultrafine fibers are prepared by using an electrospinning device. The electrospinning device adopts PET melt electrospinning. Dry at ℃ for 24h. The electrospinning voltage of the electrospinning device is 25kV, the spinning distance is 12cm, the air pressure pushes 2kPa, and the melt temperature is 260°C. The melt-blown ultrafine fiber is compounded with the electrospun ultrafine fiber ejected from the electrospinning needle of the electrospinning device to obtain a composite fiber bundle, and the composite fiber bundle is further subjected to post-electret treatment. The polar processing is consistent, and the electret melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is obtained.

(4) Bundling and collection of electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundles: electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundles enter the bundler for bundling and collection.

In this embodiment, melt electrospinning is adopted, and the electrospun superfine fiber filaments are micron-sized filaments with certain strength, which can be used as core yarn or sheath yarn and spun into core-spun yarn.

Example 3

The method for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by melt-blowing and electrospinning comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: Add PP pellets to the hopper of the melt-blown device, melt through the screw extruder, and spray from the spinneret after the metering pump is quantified. The temperatures in the four zones of the screw extruder are respectively 260°C, 260°C, 270°C, 270°C, the sprayed melt-blown ultra-fine fibers are first drawn and thinned rapidly under the hot air on both sides. The hot air temperature is 220°C, the hot air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the melt-blown speed is 10m/min. After the fiber is drawn by hot air, it is cooled in the cold air box. The temperature of the cooling air is 8°C, the flow rate of the cooling air is 15000m ³ /h, the pressure of the cooling air is 1500Pa, and the wind speed is 2m/s. A net collecting device or a clustering device is used for clustering, and the average diameter of the obtained melt-blown ultrafine fibers is 1 μm.

(2) Pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers: pre-electret treatment of melt-blown ultrafine fibers is carried out by high-voltage corona discharge. The electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret Time 10s.

(3) Preparation of electrospinning ultrafine fibers and composite fiber bundles: Electrospinning ultrafine fibers are prepared by using an electrospinning device. The electrospinning device uses PLA melt electrospinning. Dry at ℃ for 24h. The electrospinning voltage of the electrospinning device is 20kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, the air pressure pushes 2kPa, and the melt temperature is 200°C. The melt-blown ultrafine fiber is compounded with the electrospun ultrafine fiber ejected from the electrospinning needle of the electrospinning device to obtain a composite fiber bundle, and the composite fiber bundle is further subjected to post-electret treatment. The polar processing is consistent, and the electret melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is obtained.

(4) Bundling and collection of electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle: electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle enters the second bundle device for bundling and collection.

The electrospun microfiber raw material of this embodiment uses PLA, which has biodegradability and biocompatibility, and can be subsequently processed into medical and sanitary products.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

1. A device for preparing composite superfine fiber bundles by meltblowing and electrospinning, characterized in that: comprising a meltblown device (1), a cooling cluster device, electrospinning and an electret device (5); The melt-blown device (1) is used to prepare melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6), and the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) are delivered to the cooling and clustering device; The cooling and clustering device is arranged below the melt-blowing device (1), and is used to cool and bundle the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) ejected from the melt-blowing device (1); The electrospinning and electret device (5) is used to prepare electrospinning ultrafine fibers, and the electrospinning ultrafine fibers and meltblown ultrafine fibers are combined to obtain meltblown fibers/electrospinning ultrafine fiber composite fiber bundles, and the The melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is subjected to electret treatment to obtain the electret melt-blown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle. 2. the device utilizing meltblowing and electrospinning to prepare composite superfine fiber bundles according to claim 1, characterized in that: said cooling and converging device comprises a cold air box (2) and a converging device (4); said cold wind The box (2) is arranged below the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1), and is used to cool the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) ejected from the melt-blown device (1), and the clustering device (4) It is arranged under the cold air box (2) for bundling the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6); the width of the bundling device (4) along the width direction is not smaller than that of the melt-blown in the melt-blown device (1) The width of the die along the width direction. 3. the device utilizing melt-blown and electrospinning to prepare composite microfiber bundles according to claim 1, characterized in that: said cooling and converging device comprises a cold air box (2) and a screen receiving device (3); The cold air box (2) is arranged below the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1), and is used to cool the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) ejected from the melt-blown device (1), and the curtain net The receiving device (3) is arranged under the cold air box (2) for bundling the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6); The width direction of the spray die head is driven from the end away from the electrospinning and electret device (5) to the end close to the electrospinning and electret device (5). 4. according to claim 2 or 3 described utilization melt-blowing and electrospinning to prepare the device of composite superfine fiber bundle, it is characterized in that, described cold air box (2) upper surface and melt-blown in melt-blown device (1) The distance between the lower surfaces of the die heads is in the range of 5-10 cm, and the width of the cold air box (2) along the width direction is 1.1-1.25 times the width of the melt blown die head in the melt blown device (1) along the width direction . 5. according to claim 2 or 3 described utilization melt-blowing and electrospinning to prepare the device of composite microfiber bundle, it is characterized in that, described cold air box (2) comprises refrigeration equipment, air-conditioning equipment, blower fan, pipeline, Side blowing system and control system; The side blowing system includes an air duct (21), a box body (22), a perforated plate (23) and an air outlet; the air duct (21) is arranged on the box body (22) for air intake; The porous plate (23) adopts a stainless steel plate with a thickness range of 2-3mm, and the porosity range is 50%-80%, the single hole diameter range is 1-3mm, and the number of the porous plate (23) is 1 -3 pieces, and placed in parallel in the box; The box body is a cuboid structure with an air outlet on one side, and the air outlet faces the melt-blown ultrafine fiber (6) ejected from the melt-blown device (1), and the cold air is blown to the melt-blown device (1) through the air outlet. ) the melt-blown superfine fiber (6) that ejects; The air outlet includes a damping net (24) and a deflector (25), and the deflector (25) adopts an aluminum honeycomb panel with a thickness range of 30-50mm, and the distance between each pair of parallel surfaces of a single honeycomb hole The range of L is 3-5mm; both sides of the deflector (25) are provided with damping nets (24); the damping nets (24) are 60-150 mesh stainless steel nets or brass nets; The outer surfaces of the box body (22) are covered with an insulating layer except the side on which the air outlet is installed. 6. the device utilizing melt-blown and electrospinning to prepare composite superfine fiber bundles according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electrospinning and electret device (5) comprise electrospinning device (51) and Rear electret processing device (52), described electrostatic spinning device (51) is used for utilizing electrospinning method to prepare electrospun ultrafine fiber, and electrospun ultrafine fiber and melt-blown ultrafine fiber are compounded together, The post electret treatment device (52) is used for performing electret treatment on the meltblown ultrafine fibers and electrospun ultrafine fibers. 7. the device utilizing melt-blown and electrospinning to prepare composite superfine fiber bundles according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also be provided with between described cooling bundler and electrospinning and electret device (5) The pre-electret treatment device (7) is used for performing electret treatment on the melt-blown ultrafine fibers. 8. Utilize melt-blowing and electrospinning to prepare the method for composite superfine fiber bundle, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Step S1, the meltblown device (1) prepares meltblown ultrafine fibers (6), and transports the meltblown ultrafine fibers (6) to the cooling and clustering device; Step S2, the cooling and bundling device cools and bundles the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) ejected from the melt-blown device (1); Step S3, electrospinning and electret device (5) prepare electrospun ultrafine fibers, combine electrospun ultrafine fibers and meltblown ultrafine fibers to obtain meltblown fiber/electrospun ultrafine fiber composite fiber bundles, and melt The sprayed fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle is subjected to electret treatment to obtain the electret meltblown fiber/electrospun superfine fiber composite fiber bundle. 9. the method utilizing melt-blowing and electrospinning to prepare composite microfiber bundles according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the cooling and concentrating device of described step S2 comprises cold air box (2) and curtain net receiving device (3 ); said step S2 is specifically: the cold air box (3) cools the melt-blown superfine fiber (6), and the cooled melt-blown superfine fiber (6) falls successively along the melt-blown device (1) On the screen receiving device (3) driven in the width direction of the injection die head, the screen receiving device (3) bundles the melt-blown ultra-fine fibers (6) to obtain ultra-fine fiber bundles. 10. the method utilizing melt-blowing and electrospinning to prepare composite superfine fiber bundles according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the cooling converging device of described step S2 comprises cold air box (2) and converging device (4); The step S2 is specifically: the cold air box cools the melt-blown ultrafine fibers (6) ejected from the melt-blown device (1), and the clustering device (4) cools the cooled melt-blown ultrafine fibers ( 6) performing clustering; and the width of the clustering device (4) along the width direction is not smaller than the width of the melt blown die head in the melt blowing device (1) along the width direction.