CN106717321B - A kind of tilting combination straight knife type kind band cleaning anti-block apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and preventing blockage device, comprising a frame (1), a suspension device (6), a speed change device, a power input device, a trench opener (5), a seed belt cleaning and preventing blockage The unit (8) and the hood (9), wherein the seed belt cleaning and blocking prevention unit (8) adopts the combined operation of a long straight knife and a short straight knife. Anti-blocking, one-time access to the ground can complete multiple operations such as trenching, anti-blocking, and seed belt cleaning. The invention effectively solves the problems of poor anti-blocking effect or poor cleaning effect of the existing seed belt cleaning and blocking device, and is beneficial to improve the passability of the no-tillage seeder and improve the sowing quality.

Description

An oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an oblique combined straight-knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device.

Background technique

Conservation tillage is an agricultural farming method that implements less tillage and no tillage on farmland to reduce soil tillage, and uses crop straw and stubble to cover the surface to reduce soil wind and soil erosion, and improve soil fertility and drought resistance. Conservation tillage can effectively reduce soil wind erosion and water erosion, greatly improve soil fertility and drought resistance, and increase yield in arid areas.

Less no-tillage sowing is a key technical link in conservation tillage. Due to the use of straw mulching, the straw and stubble on the surface can easily block the planter, and the seeds may be sown on the straw to cause drying, thus affecting the quality of sowing. However, if wheat is sown in corn stalks, the problem is particularly serious due to the large amount of corn stalks. Therefore, to provide a no-tillage planter with an anti-blocking device and a seed row cleaning device is of great significance for the promotion and application of the conservation tillage technology in my country.

At present, the existing seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking devices mainly include the following.

The invention patent "A copying claw floating stubble clearing and grass cleaning mechanism" (patent number ZL 200810051083.1) uses a pair of "eight"-shaped finger-shaped grass scraping wheels to rotate under the friction of the surface straw and stubble, At the same time, the straw and stubble are thrown to the side and rear, thereby reducing the blockage of the opener and forming a clean seeding belt. However, this part is a passive operation with low speed, which is not effective when the amount of straw is large.

The invention patent "Double Disc Power Stubble Cutting and Anti-Blocking Device for No-tillage Planter" (Patent No. ZL201010121833.5) uses the combination of the driving disc cutter and the passive disc cutter to form a supported cutting and effective cutting Straw and stubble. However, the cut straws and stubble still remain on the seed belt, and are easily mixed into the seed bed during sowing, causing the seeds to dry out, thus affecting the sowing quality.

Based on the above shortcomings, there is an urgent need to provide a device suitable for a plot with a large amount of straw, which can not only prevent the planter from being blocked, but also automatically clean the straw and stubble in the planting belt.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an obliquely driven combined straight knife seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device, which is used in a no-tillage seeder. The stubble is thrown from the seeding belt to the non-seeding belts on both sides: powered by power, the cutter shaft rotates at a high speed, and the anti-blocking and seed belt cleaning effects are good.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device, comprising a frame 1, a suspension device 6, a speed change device, a power input device, a trench opener 5, a seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 and a hood 9, the frame 1 is used to undertake the suspension device 6, the speed change device, the power input device, the ditching device and the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8; The front end is fixedly connected, the other end is machined with assembly holes, there are two traction parts, one end is respectively fixed to the rear end of the frame 1, and the other end is machined with assembly holes, one support and two traction parts pass through the assembly holes Fixed connection; the speed change device includes a gearbox sprocket 2, a coupling shaft and a gearbox 7, the gearbox 7 is installed on the frame 1 and is connected with the coupling, and the gearbox sprocket 2 is installed on one of the frame 1 through the coupling Outside the side end face; the power input device includes an input shaft sprocket 3 and a power input shaft 4, the input shaft sprocket 3 and the gearbox sprocket 2 are arranged on the same side, and the gearbox sprocket 2 and the input shaft sprocket 3 constitute a sprocket transmission system , transmit the power to the power input shaft 4; the opener 5 is fixed on the rear end of the frame 1, including the connecting plate 501, the shovel handle 502, the left deflector 503, the fertilization pipe 504, the shovel tip 505 and the right deflector Plate 506; the kind of belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 is installed on the power input shaft 4, including the shaft sleeve 801, the left knife seat 802, the middle knife seat 803, the right knife seat 804, the long straight knife 805 and the short straight knife 806; Hood 9 is installed outside the tape cleaning and blocking unit 8 .

Preferably, the shovel handle 502 of the opener 5 is in the shape of a machete and is arranged in the vertical direction; the connecting plate 501 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the front end of the shovel handle 502, and is fixedly connected to the frame 1 through the assembly hole provided by the connecting plate 501; The left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are welded to the middle of the front end of the shovel handle 502 respectively, and are symmetrically arranged relative to the shovel handle 502 .

Preferably, the angle between the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 is 2θ, and the lower ends of the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are 30-50 mm from the ground.

Preferably, there are six openers 5 .

Preferably, the value of θ is 10-20°.

Preferably, the middle knife seat 803 of the seed belt cleaning and blocking unit 8 is welded at the axial middle position of the shaft sleeve 801 and arranged in the vertical direction; the left knife seat 802 is welded on the left side of the middle knife seat 803; the right knife seat 804 is welded on the The right side of the middle knife holder 803; the three knife holders are arranged in a helical line in the circumferential direction, and three are evenly distributed on the circumference; the long straight knife 805 is installed in the middle knife holder 803 through bolts and nuts; the short straight knife 806 is installed through the bolts and nuts are respectively installed in the left tool holder 802 and the right tool holder 804 .

Preferably, the included angle between the left tool seat 802 and the middle tool seat 803 on the vertical plane is α; the included angle between the right tool seat 804 and the middle tool seat 803 on the vertical plane is β; the turning radius of the long straight tool 805 is 240mm, The depth of immersion is 80-100mm; the turning radius of the short straight knife is 200mm, and the depth of immersion is 40-60mm.

Preferably, there are six seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking units 8 .

Preferably, the α=β is 10-20°.

Preferably, the rotational speed of the power input shaft 4 is set to 250˜350 r/min.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The left straight knife and the right straight knife on the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit rotate under the drive of the knife shaft, and cooperate with the deflector on the opener to throw the straw and stubble covered by the seed belt to the non-seeding side and rear. belt, thereby reducing blockage, cleaning the seed belt, and improving the quality of sowing;

2. Due to the use of driving operation, when the amount of straw in the field is large, it can still effectively prevent blockage, and the reliability is good;

3. It adopts the combined operation of long straight knife and inclined short straight knife, with simple structure, and can complete multiple operations of trenching, anti-blocking and seed belt cleaning at one time;

4. The long straight knife breaks the stubble and ditches the ditch, the short straight knife is used for cleaning and anti-blocking, and the short straight knife has a small depth of soil penetration, thereby reducing energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of a kind of oblique combination straight knife type seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of the kind of belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit and the opener of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit of the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a trench opener with a cleaning and anti-blocking device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1—frame, 2—gearbox sprocket, 3—input shaft sprocket, 4—power input shaft, 5—ditch opener, 501—connecting plate, 502—shovel handle, 503—left deflector , 504—fertilizer pipe, 505—shovel tip, 506—right deflector, 6—suspension device, 7—gearbox, 8—with cleaning and anti-blocking unit, 801—shaft sleeve, 802—left knife seat, 803— Middle knife holder, 804—right knife holder, 805—long straight knife, 806—short straight knife, 9—hood.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the oblique combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and preventing blockage device of the present invention includes a frame 1, a suspension device 6, a speed change device, a power input device, a trench opener 5, and a seed belt cleaning and preventing blockage. Unit 8 and Hood 9. in,

The frame 1 is generally T-shaped when viewed from the end face, and extends along the axial direction, and is used to receive the suspension device 6, the speed change device, the power input device, the ditching device and the cleaning and anti-blocking device.

The suspension device 6 is arranged in a substantially central position on the frame 1, and includes a support member and a traction member. There is a total of one support member, which is generally arranged in a direction perpendicular to the frame 1, and one end thereof is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame 1. , the other end is machined with assembly holes; there are 2 traction parts in total, one end is respectively fixed with the rear end of the frame 1, and the other end is machined with assembly holes. 1 support piece and 2 traction pieces are fixed through the mounting holes. The hitch 6 may be connected to a tractor (not shown) or the like.

The transmission device includes a transmission sprocket 2 , a coupling shaft and a transmission 7 . The gearbox 7 is installed on the frame 1 in a generally central position and is connected with the coupling. The gearbox sprocket 2 is installed outside the end face of one side of the frame 1 through the coupling. The transmission sprocket 2 drives the transmission sprocket 2 to rotate.

The power input device includes an input shaft sprocket 3 and a power input shaft 4 . The input shaft sprocket 3 is arranged on the same side as the transmission sprocket 2 , and is connected with the transmission sprocket 2 through a chain (not shown), and the power input shaft 4 is connected with the input shaft sprocket 3 . The gearbox sprocket 2 and the input shaft sprocket 3 form a sprocket transmission system, which transmits power to the power input shaft 4 .

During operation, the rotational speed of the power input shaft 4 is generally set at 250 to 350 r/min, so as to reduce fuel consumption, improve the anti-blocking effect and the cleaning ability of the seed belt.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5, the opener 5 is fixed on the rear end of the frame 1 and includes a connecting plate 501, a shovel handle 502, a left deflector 503, a fertilizing pipe 504, a shovel tip 505 and a right deflector board 506;

The shovel handle 502 is generally in the shape of a machete, and is generally arranged in the vertical direction;

The connecting plate 501 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the front end of the shovel handle 502, and is generally square, and is fixedly connected to the frame 1 through the assembly holes provided on it;

The left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 are welded to the middle of the front end of the shovel handle 502 respectively, and are symmetrically arranged relative to the shovel handle 502. The angle between the left deflector 503 and the right deflector 506 is 2θ, and the left deflector 503 and the The lower end of the right deflector 506 is 30-50mm away from the ground;

The fertilization pipe 504 is welded on the lower part of the rear end of the shovel handle 502;

The shovel tip 505 is welded to the lower end of the shovel handle 502 .

In this embodiment, the number of openers 5 is set to 6, and it should be appreciated that the number of openers 5 can be set as desired.

As shown in Figures 1-4, the seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 is installed on the power input shaft 4, and includes a shaft sleeve 801, a left knife seat 802, a middle knife seat 803, a right knife seat 804, a long straight knife 805 and a short straight knife knife 806;

The middle knife seat 803 is welded at the axial middle position of the shaft sleeve 801, and is arranged approximately in the vertical direction;

The left blade holder 802 is welded on the left side of the middle blade holder 803, and the angle between the left blade holder 803 and the middle blade holder 803 on the vertical plane is α;

The right blade holder 804 is welded to the right side of the middle blade holder 803, and the angle between the right blade holder 803 and the middle blade holder 803 on the vertical plane is β;

The three tool seats are arranged in a spiral line in the circumferential direction, and 3 are evenly distributed on the circumference;

The long straight knife 805 is installed in the middle knife seat 803 through bolts and nuts, the turning radius of the long straight knife 805 is 240mm, and the depth of the immersion is 80-100mm;

The short straight knife 806 is respectively installed in the left knife seat 802 and the right knife seat 804 through bolts and nuts. The short straight knife has a turning radius of 200mm and a depth of 40-60mm;

In this embodiment, there are six seed belt cleaning and anti-blocking units 8 , corresponding to the openers 5 . It should be appreciated that any number may be provided as desired.

The α=β=θ, the value is 10-20°, the straw and stubble are thrown to the non-seeding belt under the action of the obliquely driven straight knife and the deflector, so as to improve the seeding quality.

The hood 9 is mounted on the outside of the seed belt cleaning and blocking unit 8 to protect the seed belt cleaning and blocking unit 8 .

The working process of the inclined combined straight knife type seed belt cleaning and blocking device of the present invention is as follows.

During operation, the transmission sprocket 2 and the power input shaft sprocket 3 form a sprocket transmission system, which transmits power to the power input shaft 4, and the power input shaft 4 drives the belt cleaning and anti-blocking unit 8 fixed on it to rotate, thereby Drive the long straight knife 805 and the short straight knife 806 on the anti-blocking unit 8 to rotate, the long straight knife 805 breaks the stubble and ditches the stubble, and the short straight knife 806 throws the straw on the seed belt to the side and rear, and the diversion of the ditch opener 5 The diversion effect of the plates 503 and 506 falls on the non-seed belt, so as to realize the function of cleaning and blocking the seed belt.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some of the technical features; and these Modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An inclined combined straight-cutter type belt cleaning anti-blocking device comprises a rack (1), a suspension device (6), a speed change device, a power input device, a furrow opener (5), a belt cleaning anti-blocking unit (8) and a hood (9), and is characterized in that the rack (1) is used for bearing the suspension device (6), the speed change device, the power input device, the furrow opener and the belt cleaning anti-blocking unit (8);

the suspension device (6) comprises 1 support piece and 2 traction pieces, one end of each support piece is fixedly connected with the front end of the rack (1), the other end of each traction piece is provided with an assembly hole, one end of each traction piece is fixedly connected with the rear end of the rack (1), the other end of each traction piece is provided with an assembly hole, and the 1 support piece and the 2 traction pieces are fixedly connected through the assembly holes;

the speed change device comprises a gearbox chain wheel (2), a coupling and a gearbox (7), wherein the gearbox (7) is arranged on the rack (1) and connected with the coupling, and the gearbox chain wheel (2) is arranged outside the end surface of one side of the rack (1) through the coupling;

the power input device comprises an input shaft chain wheel (3) and a power input shaft (4), the input shaft chain wheel (3) and the gearbox chain wheel (2) are arranged on the same side, and the gearbox chain wheel (2) and the input shaft chain wheel (3) form a chain wheel transmission system to transmit power to the power input shaft (4);

the furrow opener (5) is fixedly connected at the rear end of the frame (1) and comprises a connecting plate (501), a shovel handle (502), a left guide plate (503), a fertilizing tube (504), a shovel tip (505) and a right guide plate (506);

the belt cleaning anti-blocking unit (8) is arranged on the power input shaft (4) and comprises a shaft sleeve (801), a left tool apron (802), a middle tool apron (803), a right tool apron (804), a long straight tool (805) and a short straight tool (806), wherein the middle tool apron (803) is welded in the middle of the shaft sleeve (801) in the axial direction and is arranged in the vertical direction; the left tool apron (802) is welded on the left side of the middle tool apron (803); the right tool apron (804) is welded on the right side of the middle tool apron (803); the three tool holders are spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, and 3 tool holders are uniformly distributed on the circumference; the long straight knife (805) is arranged in the middle knife holder (803) through a bolt and a nut; the short straight knife (806) is respectively arranged in the left knife holder (802) and the right knife holder (804) through bolts and nuts;

the hood (9) is arranged outside the cleaning anti-blocking unit (8).

2. The anti-clogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shank (502) of the furrow opener (5) is of the bent blade type, arranged in a vertical direction; the connecting plate (501) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the front end of the shovel handle (502) and is fixedly connected with the frame (1) through an assembling hole formed in the connecting plate (501); the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) are respectively welded in the middle of the front end of the shovel handle (502) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the shovel handle (502), and the fertilizing pipe (504) is welded at the lower part of the rear end of the shovel handle (502); the shovel tip (505) is welded at the lower end of the shovel handle (502).

3. The anti-blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the included angle between the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) is 2 θ, and the distance between the lower ends of the left guide plate (503) and the right guide plate (506) and the ground is 30-50 mm.

4. Anti-clogging device according to claim 3, characterized in that there are 6 furrow openers (5).

5. The anti-clogging device according to claim 3, wherein θ is 10 to 20 °.

6. The anti-blocking device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the left tool apron (802) and the middle tool apron (803) on a vertical surface is α, an included angle between the right tool apron (804) and the middle tool apron (803) on the vertical surface is β, the rotation radius of the long straight tool (805) is 240mm, the soil penetration depth is 80-100 mm, the rotation radius of the short straight tool is 200mm, and the soil penetration depth is 40-60 mm.

7. Anti-clogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of belt cleaning anti-clogging units (8) is set to 6.

8. The anti-blocking device according to claim 6, wherein α - β is 10-20 °.

9. Anti-clogging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational speed of the power input shaft (4) is set to 250-350 r/min.