CN106618720B - Vertical adjustable fixed-point offset guide needle aiming hollow nail fixing minimally invasive device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical adjustable fixed-point offset guide pin aiming hollow nail fixing minimally invasive device, which comprises a ranging rod, a vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket and a combined sleeve; the front end of the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket is vertical to the ranging rod, and the tail end of the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket is provided with an aiming hook; the combined sleeve is vertically fixed on the ranging rod, and an axial hole for placing a Kirschner wire is arranged in the combined sleeve; the combined sleeve comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder coaxially moves in the outer cylinder, and pointed claws are arranged at the outlet ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The vertical adjustable fixed-point offset guide pin aiming hollow nail fixing system breaks through the principle of 'two-point determination one straight line' of a common guide device in the design principle; the precision of the guiding device is greatly improved by means of the nail feeding point and the direction adjustment. The vertical offset between the key point in the guide pin deep path and the mark point corresponding to the bone surface is utilized, and the required guide pin path is determined by adjusting the size and the direction of the vertical offset.

Description

Minimally invasive device for vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered guide pin aiming at hollow nail fixation

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and relates to an orthopedic minimally invasive device, in particular to a guide pin aimer and a hollow nail fixation system designed by a vertically adjustable fixed-point offset method

Background technique

For fractures of irregular bones such as scapula, pelvis, acetabulum, femoral neck, scaphoid, spine, etc., especially those located deep in, close to important organizers such as spinal cord, nerves, and vascular organs, minimally invasive, precise, and safe implantation Inserting screws remains a huge challenge.

Among the existing sights and guides, the most common one is designed by using the principle that two points determine a straight line, but it cannot be used for fractures that can only reveal the entry point of the nail and not easy to reveal the exit point; if an adjustable angle is used Although the guide device can adjust the direction of the guide needle, the angle is not accurate, and a very small angle deviation can cause a large deviation of the guide needle, resulting in adverse consequences such as deviation of the guide needle, breaking through the bone cortex, and damage to important organs. . At present, there is still a lack of minimally invasive, precise, and safe screw guiding devices for fractures that are not easy to reveal the point of penetration.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a minimally invasive device for fixing a hollow nail with a vertically adjustable fixed-point offset guide needle aiming at a hollow nail with a simple structure, convenient use, safety, reliability, precision, improved operation efficiency, and increased operation safety.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a minimally invasive device for fixing a hollow nail with a vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered distance guide pin, which includes a distance measuring rod, a vertically adjustable staggered distance aiming frame and a combined sleeve; The front end of the vertically adjustable staggered sight frame moves vertically on the distance measuring rod through the slider, and the end of the vertically adjustable staggered range sight frame is provided with an aiming hook; the vertical range measuring rod of the combined sleeve is fixed on the distance measuring rod, and the combined sleeve The barrel is provided with an axial hole for placing Kirschner wires; the combined sleeve includes an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the inner barrel moves coaxially in the outer barrel, and the outlet ends of the inner barrel and the outer barrel are provided with sharp claws.

Further, the distance measuring rod is provided with a scale, which is convenient for adjusting the vertical distance from the tip of the aiming hook on the vertically adjustable staggered sighting frame to the sighting frame.

Further, the aiming hook is perpendicular to the vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame.

Further, the combined sleeve is parallel to the vertically adjustable staggered sight frame.

Further, the combined sleeve includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder moves coaxially in the outer cylinder, and the outlet ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are provided with sharp claws, which are conducive to pushing away the muscles during the operation, The Kirschner wire is fixed in the inner axial hole of the inner cylinder. After the outer cylinder is fixed, the Kirschner wire is fixed in the inner cylinder and operated inside the outer cylinder, effectively avoiding damage to the surrounding tissues.

Further, both the vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame and the combined sleeve can be fixed on the distance measuring rod by adjusting the locking bolt.

Further, the inner cylinder is provided with an axial hole for placing a Kirschner wire. The inner cylinder has at least two layers (middle cylinder and small cylinder). The axial hole of the innermost small cylinder matches the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire to fix the Kirschner wire. The inner diameter of the middle cylinder matches the outer diameter of the hollow drill. It acts as a guide for the hollow drill to ensure that the direction of the hollow drill does not deviate at all times, achieving the purpose of high-precision drilling.

The vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered distance guide needle aiming hollow nail fixation minimally invasive device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered guide pin aiming at the hollow nail fixing system of the present invention breaks through the principle of "two points determine a straight line" of ordinary guide devices in design principle; accuracy. Using the vertical offset between the key points in the deep path of the guide wire and the landmark points on the corresponding bone surface, the required guide wire path can be determined by adjusting the size and direction of the vertical offset.

2. It only needs to puncture to the bone surface marker points corresponding to the nail entry point and the key point, and then the operation can be performed, which provides technical support for minimally invasive surgery.

3. The operation can successfully and accurately implant guide pins and hollow nails at one time without relying on X-ray fluoroscopy and navigation. It is not only easy to operate, accurate in operation, but also safe and reliable.

4. During the operation, there is no need to repeatedly see through the hollow nail to check whether the position of the hollow nail is accurate, nor will it penetrate the cortex of the bone, break through the articular cartilage, damage the organs, cause iatrogenic damage, and reduce the pain of the patient.

5. For fractures of irregular bones such as scapula, pelvis, acetabulum, femoral neck, scaphoid, and spine, especially those located deep in, adjacent to spinal cord, nerves, and vascular organs, etc., it can be minimally invasive, precise, and Securely implant the screw.

6. After the outer cylinder of the present invention is fixed, operations such as drilling into the Kirschner wire through the inner cylinder, drilling into the hollow drill, sounding and screwing in the screws are all carried out in the outer cylinder, effectively avoiding damage to surrounding tissues.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vertically adjustable fixed-point offset guide needle aiming at a hollow nail and fixing a minimally invasive device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Range measuring rod; 2. Slider; 3. Adjusting locking bolt; 4. Vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame; 5. Aiming hook; 6. Sharp claw; 7. Combined sleeve.

Implementation

In order to describe in detail the technical content and structural features of the vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered guide pin aiming hollow nail fixing system of the present invention, the following will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered distance guide pin of the present invention aims at the hollow nail and fixes the minimally invasive device, which is composed of a distance measuring rod 1, a vertically adjustable staggered distance aiming frame 4 and a combined sleeve 7; The front end of the aiming frame 4 moves vertically on the ranging rod 1 through the slider 2, and the end of the vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame 4 is provided with an aiming hook 5; the vertical ranging rod of the combined sleeve 7 is fixed on the ranging rod 1, and the combined sleeve The barrel 7 is provided with an axial hole for placing a Kirschner wire. Range-finding rod 1 is provided with scale, is convenient to adjust the stagger (vertical distance) from the tip of the aiming hook on the vertically adjustable staggered sighting frame to the sighting frame. The aiming hook 5 is perpendicular to the vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame 4. The combined sleeve 7 is parallel to the vertically adjustable staggered range aiming frame 4 .

The combined sleeve 7 includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder moves coaxially in the outer cylinder. The outlet ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are provided with sharp claws 6. The sharp claws are conducive to pushing away the muscles during the operation and restraining the muscles. The wires are fixed in the axial lumen of the inner cylinder. After the outer cylinder is fixed, the Kirschner wires are fixed in the inner cylinder and operated inside the outer cylinder, effectively avoiding damage to the surrounding tissues. The inner cylinder has at least two layers (middle cylinder and small cylinder). The axial hole of the innermost small cylinder matches the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire to fix the Kirschner wire. The inner diameter of the middle cylinder matches the outer diameter of the hollow drill. It acts as a guide for the hollow drill to ensure that the direction of the hollow drill does not deviate at all times, achieving the purpose of high-precision drilling.

Both the vertically adjustable staggered aiming frame 4 and the combined sleeve 7 can be fixed on the distance measuring rod 1 by adjusting the locking bolt 3 .

The use steps of the vertically adjustable fixed-point staggered distance guide needle aiming at the hollow nail fixing minimally invasive device of the present invention are as follows:

1. First determine the entry point;

2. Determine the landmark points corresponding to the key points in the deep path required by the guide pin on the bone surface;

3. Determine the dihedral angle formed by the plane where the device of the present invention is located and the surface of the bone;

4. Determine the distance from the bone surface marker point to the key point (i.e. the so-called "staggered distance" of the present invention);

5. According to the required misalignment, adjust the distance between the tip of the vertical aiming hook in the aiming frame and the axis of the guide pin outside the body, and lock it;

6. Place the present invention on the bone surface, make the tip of the vertical aiming hook at the key mark point, and the guide needle tip in the sleeve at the nail entry point, and rotate the plane of the present invention to the desired angle;

7. The guide pin is drilled into the appropriate length according to the direction of the axial hole of the inner cylinder;

8. Take out the innermost small tube, and then drill into the hollow drill along the direction of the guide pin to an appropriate length;

9. After the hollow drill is inserted, take out the middle barrel to ensure that the direction of the hollow drill does not deviate from time to time, so as to achieve the purpose of high-precision drilling, and measure the length of the required screw in the outer barrel;

10. Screw in the screw in the outer sleeve along the direction of the guide pin.

The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. Vertical adjustable fixed point offset guide pin aims hollow nail fixed wicresoft device, its characterized in that: comprises a ranging rod, a vertically adjustable offset aiming bracket and a combined sleeve; the front end of the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket vertically moves on the ranging rod through a sliding block, and an aiming hook is arranged at the tail end of the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket; the combined sleeve is vertically fixed on the ranging rod, and an axial hole for placing a Kirschner wire is formed in the combined sleeve; the combined sleeve comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder coaxially moves in the outer cylinder, and sharp claws are arranged at the outlet ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the aiming hook is perpendicular to the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket; the combined sleeve is parallel to the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket; the device comprises the following steps:

(1) Firstly, determining a nail feeding point;

(2) Determining mark points corresponding to key points in a deep path required by the guide pin on the surface of the bone;

(3) Determining a dihedral angle formed by a plane in which the device is positioned and the surface of the bone;

(4) Determining the distance from the bone surface mark point to the key point, wherein the distance is a staggered distance;

(5) According to the required offset, the distance between the tip of the vertical aiming hook and the axis of the guide pin in the aiming bracket is adjusted in vitro, and the guide pin is locked;

(6) Placing the device on the surface of a bone, enabling the tip of a vertical aiming hook to be positioned at a key mark point, enabling the tip of a guide needle in a sleeve to be positioned at a nail feeding point, and rotating the plane of the device to a required angle;

(7) The guide pin is drilled into a proper length according to the direction of the axial hole of the inner cylinder;

(8) Taking out the innermost small cylinder, and drilling into the hollow drill along the direction of the guide pin until the hollow drill reaches a proper length;

(9) After the hollow drill is put in, the middle cylinder is taken out, so that the direction of the hollow drill is ensured not to deviate all the time, the purpose of high-precision drilling is achieved, and the length of a required screw is measured in the outer sleeve;

(10) A screw is threaded into the outer sleeve in the direction of the guide pin.

2. The vertically adjustable fixed point offset guide pin aiming hollow nail fixation minimally invasive device of claim 1, wherein: the distance measuring rod is provided with scales.

3. The vertically adjustable fixed point offset guide pin aiming hollow nail fixation minimally invasive device of claim 1, wherein: the inner cylinder is at least two layers, and the size of an axial hole of the innermost layer is matched with the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire.

4. The vertically adjustable fixed point offset guide pin aiming hollow nail fixation minimally invasive device of claim 1, wherein: the vertical adjustable offset aiming bracket and the combined sleeve are fixed on the ranging rod through adjusting locking bolts.

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