CN106576514A - A front-rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder for precision seeding and its precision seed filling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a front and back double-cavity mechanical precision dibbler for precision sowing, which comprises a movable disk, an annular waistband, a front and back double-cavity seed taking device and a duckbilled hole forming device, wherein the whole dibbler can rotate around the axis of the dibbler; the front and back double-cavity seed taking device comprises a front cavity and a back cavity which are arranged in a front-back mode, the front cavity is of a V-shaped groove, the back cavity is of a trapezoidal structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and a seed throwing hole is formed in the lower part of the back cavity. The invention also relates to a precise seed filling method, which can line up the seeds in order and fill the seeds at zero speed in the seed taking device by utilizing the structure of the front and rear double-cavity seed taking device, realize the precise discharge of single seeds, improve the filling efficiency of the seeds and effectively solve the problem of precise seed metering of a hole sowing device. The invention has simple structure, easy manufacture and low production cost; the seed damage rate is low, and the fund is saved.

Description

A front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder and its precision filling device for precision seeding method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder for precision sowing and a precision seed filling method thereof.

Background technique

Seeding is one of the most basic operations in agricultural production, so seeding machinery occupies a very important position in agricultural production. The quality of the seeder can directly affect the yield of crops and the income of farmers, so precision seeding has become the main trend of mechanical seeding.

Seeding machinery is mainly divided into two categories: air suction seeder and mechanical seed meter. Due to the complex structure and high cost of the air-suction seeder, it has not been effectively promoted. The traditional mechanical hole seeder only relies on the gravity of the seeds to fill and discharge seeds, which seriously affects the accuracy of the seed metering device, and the phenomenon of multiple seeds in one hole and cavitation is very serious. Therefore need to improve traditional mechanical seed metering device.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and actual conditions, the present invention provides a front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision driller for precision sowing and a precision seed filling method thereof. The front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder includes a moving plate, an annular belt, a front and rear double-chamber seed picker and a duckbill hole forming device. The hole seeder can rotate around its axis as a whole. The cavitation devices are evenly distributed and welded on the outside of the annular belt. The circular belt has a seeding hole to communicate with the duckbill cavitation device. The front and rear double-chamber seed collectors are located inside the annular belt and are fixed on the annular belt by screws; the front and rear double chambers The seed picker includes a front cavity and a back cavity arranged in front and back, and there is a partition between the front cavity and the back cavity. Hole, the size of the aperture of the partition plate is suitable for the size of the seed, and the seed enters the rear cavity from the front cavity through the circular hole on the partition plate; the cavity of the rear cavity is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the lower part of the rear cavity There is a seeding hole, and communicates with the duckbill hole forming device through the seeding hole in the rear cavity.

Preferably, the height of the V-shaped groove is designed to be 0.7h-0.9h, and the length is 3L-3.3L, where h and L are the height and long axis dimensions of the seed, respectively.

Preferably, the length of the upper part of the cavity of the rear cavity is 0.6L-0.8L, and the length of the lower part is 1.1L-1.3L.

The present invention simultaneously discloses a precision seed filling method of a front and back double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder, comprising the following steps:

1) When the hole seeder is working, the hole seeder rotates as a whole;

2) When the front and rear double-chamber seed pickers pass through the seed group, the seeds first gather in the front chamber, and the seeds appear in a disordered state;

3) Seed clearing: With the rotation of the hole sower within the range of 0-90°, since the number of seeds contained in the front cavity of the seed picker is certain, the excess seeds will fall into the hole sower to achieve one-time clearing of seeds;

4) Semi-precision seed filling at one time: When the hole sower rotates within the range of 90-180°, the V-shaped groove structure of the front chamber of the seed picker, due to the overall rotation of the hole sower, the seeds are affected by gravity and centrifugal force. Line up in an orderly manner in the V-shaped groove of the front chamber. Since the height and length of the V-shaped groove can only accommodate three seeds in a row, the excess seeds will fall, and the second precision seed cleaning is performed, and the semi-precision seed is filled at one time. ;

5) When the hole sower rotates within the range of 180~270°, the seeds enter the secondary precision seed filling area. At this time, the rotation speed of the seeds relative to the seed filling holes on the partition plate of the front and rear double-chamber seeders is zero, and the seeds Relying on gravity, centrifugal force, supporting force, etc., the seed filling hole on the partition enters the rear chamber to achieve secondary precise seed filling;

6) When the hole sowing device rotates within the range of 270~360°, the seeds enter the precision seeding area. Since the back cavity is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, only one seed can enter the upper part of the back cavity. The device continues to rotate, and a seed that enters the back cavity will roll and fall under the action of gravity for seeding, and the seeds at the back will fall under the barrier of the partition and cannot enter the back cavity.

The front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder for precision sowing of the present invention has simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has low production cost. The seed damage rate is low, saving money. The seeds can be lined up in an orderly manner and filled at zero speed in the front and rear double-cavity seed pickers, which improves the filling efficiency of the seeds and effectively solves the problem of precise seeding by the hole sower.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional view of front and back double-cavity mechanical type precision hole sowing device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention's front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision planter;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the front and back double cavity seed picker of the front and rear double cavity mechanical type precision hole seeder of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the front and back double cavity seed picker of the front and rear double cavity mechanical type precision hole seeder of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the front and rear double-chamber seed picker of the front and rear double-chamber mechanical precision hole seeder of the present invention.

In the picture: In the picture: 1. Moving disc, 2. Ring belt, 3. Front and rear double-chamber seed collector, 4. Duckbill hole forming device, 5. Front and rear double-chamber seed collector, 6. Front and rear double-chamber The rear cavity of the seed picker, 7. the partition, 8. the V-shaped groove, and 9. the seeding hole.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1-5, the front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder includes a moving disk 1, an annular belt 2, a front and rear double-chamber seed collector 3, and a duckbill hole forming device 4. The hole sowing device rotates around the axis as a whole, and the duckbill hole forming devices 4 are evenly distributed and welded on the outside of the annular belt 2, and the annular belt 2 has a seeding hole and communicates with the duckbill hole forming devices 4. The front and rear double chamber seed picker 3 is positioned at the inner side of the annular belt 2, and is fixed on the annular belt 2 by screws. The structure of the front and back double-chamber seed picker 3 is an anterior cavity 5 and a rear cavity 6 arranged front and rear, and a partition 7 is arranged between the anterior cavity and the rear cavity to separate, and the seed picker can make the seeds line up in an orderly manner in the anterior cavity, and Perform zero-speed seed filling, so that a seed in the queue enters the back cavity, meeting the requirements of precision seeding. The front cavity structure of the front and rear double-chamber seed picker 3 is a V-shaped groove 8, the height of the V-shaped groove is designed to be 0.7h-0.9h, the length is 3L-3.3L, the major axis dimension of the seed is L, and the minor axis dimension is l , with a height of h, it is guaranteed that only one column of seeds is left in the queue of the front chamber seeds, and the number of seeds is about 3. The top of described dividing plate 7 has circular hole, and the size of dividing plate circular hole aperture is determined according to the size of seed, and seed enters back cavity by the circular hole on dividing plate from anterior chamber. The cavity of the rear cavity 6 is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The length of the upper part of the cavity is 0.6L-0.8L, and the length of the lower part is 1.1L-1.3L. The number of seeds entering is limited by the trapezoidal structure to ensure that only A seed can enter the back cavity and drop into the duckbill through the seed hole in the back cavity.

When the hole sower is working, the hole sower rotates as a whole. When the front and rear double-cavity seeders 3 pass through the seed group, the seeds first gather in the front cavity, and the seeds appear in a disordered state. As the hole sower rotates within the range of 0-90°, Seeds fall under the action of gravity for clearing. When the hole sower rotates within the range of 90° to 180°, the seeds start to line up in the V-shaped groove 8 of the front cavity 5 in an orderly manner, and perform a half-precision seed filling. When the hole sower rotates within the range of 180~270°, the seeds are filled at zero speed, that is, the second precision filling, and the seeds that have been lined up slide in the seed picker and enter the rear cavity through the round hole in the partition 7 In 6, since the structure of the back cavity 6 is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, only one seed can enter the back cavity at this time. When the hole sower rotates within the range of 270~360°, a seed that enters the rear cavity will roll down and fall down due to gravity, and then pass through the seeding hole in the rear cavity 6 and the seed discharge in the annular belt. The holes go into the duckbill burrowers and wait for the seeds to be expelled.

The present invention simultaneously discloses a precision seed filling method of a front and back double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder, comprising the following steps:

1) When the hole seeder is working, the hole seeder rotates as a whole;

2) When the front and rear double-chamber seed pickers pass through the seed group, the seeds first gather in the front chamber, and the seeds appear in a disordered state;

3) Seed clearing: With the rotation of the hole sower within the range of 0-90°, since the number of seeds contained in the front cavity of the seed picker is certain, the excess seeds will fall into the hole sower to achieve one-time clearing of seeds;

4) Semi-precision seed filling at one time: When the hole sower rotates within the range of 90-180°, the V-shaped groove structure of the front chamber of the seed picker, due to the overall rotation of the hole sower, the seeds are affected by gravity and centrifugal force. Line up in an orderly manner in the V-shaped groove of the front chamber. Since the height and length of the V-shaped groove can only accommodate three seeds in a row, the excess seeds will fall, and the second precision seed cleaning is performed, and the semi-precision seed is filled at one time. ;

5) When the hole sower rotates within the range of 180~270°, the seeds enter the precise seed picking area. At this time, the rotation speed of the seeds relative to the seed filling holes on the partition plate of the front and rear double-chamber seed pickers is zero, and the seeds rely on gravity. , centrifugal force, supporting force, etc. enter the rear cavity from the seed filling hole on the partition to achieve a precise seed collection;

6) When the hole sower rotates within the range of 270~360°, the seeds enter the secondary precision seed filling area. Since the back cavity is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, only one seed can enter the upper part of the back cavity, reaching Secondary precision seed filling, the rear seeds will fall under the barrier of the partition and cannot enter the rear cavity. As the planter continues to rotate, a seed that enters the rear cavity will tumble and fall under the action of gravity for seeding.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone can draw other various forms of front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeding under the inspiration of the present invention. Device and its precision filling method. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder for precision sowing is characterized in that it includes a moving disk, an annular belt, a front and rear double-chamber seed picker and a duckbill hole forming device, and the hole seeder as a whole can be around its axis Rotate, the outer side of the ring belt is the duckbill hole forming device, the duckbill hole forming device is evenly distributed and welded on the outside of the ring belt, the ring belt has a seed discharge hole connected with the duckbill hole forming device, and the front and rear double-cavity seed collectors are located in the ring The inner side of the belt is fixed on the annular belt by screws; the front and rear double-chamber seed pickers include front and rear chambers arranged in front and back, and there is a partition between the front and back chambers. The front chamber structure of the front and back double-chamber seed pickers is V-shaped groove, the upper part of the partition has a circular hole, the size of the aperture of the partition is adapted to the size of the seed, and the seed enters the rear chamber from the front cavity through the circular hole on the partition; the cavity of the rear cavity The body is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. There is a seeding hole in the lower part of the back cavity, and it communicates with the duckbill hole forming device through the seed hole in the back cavity. 2. The front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision hole seeder for precision seeding according to claim 1, wherein the height of the V-shaped groove is designed to be 0.7h-0.9h, and the length is 3L-3.3L, h and L are the height and long axis dimensions of the seeds, respectively. 3. The front and rear double-cavity mechanical precision seeder for precision seeding according to claim 1, wherein the length of the upper part of the cavity of the rear cavity is 0.6L-0.8L, and the length of the lower part is 1.1L-1.3L. 4. a kind of precision filling method of the front and back double-cavity mechanical type precision hole sowing device described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: 1) When the hole seeder is working, the hole seeder rotates as a whole; 2) When the front and rear double-chamber seed pickers pass through the seed group, the seeds first gather in the front chamber, and the seeds appear in a disordered state; 3) Seed clearing: With the rotation of the hole sower within the range of 0-90°, since the number of seeds contained in the front cavity of the seed picker is certain, the excess seeds will fall into the hole sower to achieve one-time clearing of seeds; 4) Semi-precision seed filling at one time: When the hole sower rotates within the range of 90-180°, the V-shaped groove structure of the front chamber of the seed picker, due to the overall rotation of the hole sower, the seeds are affected by gravity and centrifugal force. Line up in an orderly manner in the V-shaped groove of the front chamber. Since the height and length of the V-shaped groove can only accommodate three seeds in a row, the excess seeds will fall, and the second precision seed cleaning is performed, and the semi-precision seed is filled at one time. ; 5) When the hole sower rotates within the range of 180~270°, the seeds enter the secondary precision seed filling area. At this time, the rotation speed of the seeds relative to the seed filling holes on the partition plate of the front and rear double-chamber seeders is zero, and the seeds Relying on gravity, centrifugal force, supporting force, etc., the seed filling hole on the partition enters the rear chamber to achieve secondary precise seed filling; 6) When the hole sowing device rotates within the range of 270~360°, the seeds enter the precision seeding area. Since the back cavity is a trapezoidal structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, only one seed can enter the upper part of the back cavity. The device continues to rotate, and a seed that enters the back cavity will roll and fall under the action of gravity for seeding, and the seeds at the back will fall under the barrier of the partition and cannot enter the back cavity.