CN106477244B - Automatic telescopic belt conveyor - Google Patents
Automatic telescopic belt conveyor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106477244B CN106477244B CN201611034711.6A CN201611034711A CN106477244B CN 106477244 B CN106477244 B CN 106477244B CN 201611034711 A CN201611034711 A CN 201611034711A CN 106477244 B CN106477244 B CN 106477244B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 132
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 132
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 241001417527 Pempheridae Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G21/00—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors
- B65G21/10—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors movable, or having interchangeable or relatively movable parts; Devices for moving framework or parts thereof
- B65G21/14—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors movable, or having interchangeable or relatively movable parts; Devices for moving framework or parts thereof to allow adjustment of length or configuration of load-carrier or traction element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G23/00—Driving gear for endless conveyors; Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements
- B65G23/44—Belt or chain tensioning arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of telescopic belt conveyors for coal mines, and provides an automatic telescopic belt conveyor which aims at solving the technical problems of high operation cost and low transfer efficiency of the traditional telescopic belt conveyor. The invention improves the production efficiency of the system, reduces the production cost and the operation cost, and thoroughly solves the problems of low transfer efficiency and more operators following the shift in the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of telescopic belt conveyors for coal mines, and particularly relates to an automatic telescopic belt conveyor.
Background
With the innovation of the coal mine mining process, the coal mine yield is greatly increased from blasting mining to mechanical mining, from a heading machine to a combined coal mining unit, and the daily yield is from hundreds of tons to tens of thousands of tons. In the underground mining system, the telescopic belt conveyor is lapped with the reversed loader, and then is lapped with the crushing reversed loader of the mining unit for use. (the telescopic belt conveyor is applied to the third link), the mining efficiency is greatly improved in the development process, and the transfer efficiency gradually becomes a bottleneck of the mining system. The existing telescopic belt conveyor has the following problems: 1. the automatic expansion and contraction of the frame cannot be realized, and the increase or decrease of the frame is realized by manual work; 2. the length of the storage belt is limited, the adhesive tape is frequently replaced, the labor intensity is high, and the efficiency is low; 3. the overlap joint length with the transfer conveyor is short, the expansion and contraction requires personnel to follow the working, the labor intensity is high, and the operators are more; 4. the tail is heavy, and the movement and the moving are difficult; 5. the carrier roller vehicle in the belt storage bin is not limited, so that maintenance is difficult to follow the shift; 6. the bending strength of the adhesive tape is limited when the length of the machine is long, and the bending damage is serious. In order to solve the bottleneck problem, the following improvement methods are adopted:
1. the forward and backward of the tail is completed by a prop drawing winch, the telescopic belt conveyor is generally overlapped with bridge type transfer, and the effective overlap length is 12.5 meters, namely, the telescopic belt conveyor is moved once by a maximum distance of 12.5 meters. When the tunneling machine set advances to a scale of 100 meters per shift, the tunneling machine set needs to move for eight times. The mode is complicated to move, the mining progress is seriously influenced, the coal mining efficiency is reduced, and the coal mining cost is increased; in addition, more staff are needed during movement, and unsafe factors are increased;
2. In order to improve the tail moving efficiency, the invention relates to a self-moving tail, which is commonly provided with a horseshoe self-moving tail and a stepping self-moving tail. The two structures are simple to operate and convenient to move, but the problem that the frame of the telescopic belt conveyor can not be prolonged or shortened by manual follow-up can not be changed.
3. The flexible belt conveyor is adopted for carrying, one belt conveyor cannot automatically walk, and the driving machine set is required to carry out traction, so that the improvement of the driving machine set is brought; secondly, the lap joint length of the telescopic belt machine side is longer, the telescopic belt machine side moves into a meandering state, the distance between the side lap joint devices is small, and the walking accidents are more; the concave arc radius is required to be larger, the adhesive tape is not easy to be restrained, and the adhesive tape is seriously deviated, coal is dropped, edging and the like.
4. The flexible adhesive tape transfer conveyor is adopted, one of the transfer conveyor is large in tail of the telescopic belt conveyor which is overlapped with the other transfer conveyor, complicated in moving, correcting and the like, the tunneling time is occupied, and a lot of auxiliary staff are needed; secondly, the concave arc operation of the adhesive tape is inevitably accompanied with the concave arc movement, so that the deviation and blanking are serious, and the production is influenced; thirdly, the bendable adhesive tape transfer conveyor rides on the telescopic belt conveyor, so that the bendable adhesive tape transfer conveyor is too high to be convenient to maintain.
5. The improvement of the telescopic belt conveyor, along with the increase of the length of the roadway, the telescopic belt conveyor is increased to 4000 meters from one kilometer, people continuously improve the diameters of the carrier roller mechanism and the roller to meet the increase of the flexural strength of the adhesive tape, even change the flexural performance of the adhesive tape, and introduce an aramid adhesive tape (the manufacturing cost is not very good), but the problem cannot be thoroughly solved due to space limitation. Investigation of the waste tape showed that 80% of the tape was flex damaged and edged.
In summary, how to solve the bottleneck, improve the transfer efficiency, increase the production safety, reduce the coal mining cost, and become the problem of underground coal mine urgent need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic telescopic belt conveyor, which solves the problems of high operation cost, low transfer efficiency and the like of the conventional telescopic belt conveyor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic telescopic belt conveyor comprises a steel truss train, a transition train, a telescopic train, a receiving navigation tractor and adhesive tapes, wherein the steel truss train, the transition train, the telescopic train and the receiving navigation tractor are hinged by a hinging seat and a pressure spring device in sequence, and the pressure spring device is symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the hinging seat; the steel truss train comprises a navigation machine head and a plurality of steel truss gun trucks, a hinge seat and a pressure spring device are adopted to hinge between the plurality of steel truss gun trucks and between the steel truss gun trucks and the navigation machine head at the end parts, the pressure spring device is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the hinge seat, unmanned steering mechanisms are respectively arranged at the front end of the navigation machine head and the tail end of a receiving navigation tractor, wheel balance mechanisms are respectively arranged at the wheels of the navigation machine head, the steel truss gun trucks, the transition train, the telescopic train and the receiving navigation tractor, the wheel balance mechanisms of each train are communicated through a communication oil pipe, and the adhesive tape is annularly arranged on the steel truss train, the transition train, the telescopic train and the receiving navigation tractor.
The steel truss gun carriage comprises a steel truss gun carriage, supporting cylinders, driving wheel shafts, driven wheel shafts and wheel balance mechanisms, wherein the steel truss gun carriage is formed by connecting two sections of belt storage bin frames through an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a side clamping plate, the supporting cylinders are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the steel truss gun carriage, the driving wheel shafts or the driven wheel shafts are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the steel truss, and the wheel balance mechanisms are respectively arranged on the driving wheel shafts or the driven wheel shafts. An electric control box, a bend pulley A, a bend pulley B, a plurality of carrier roller vehicles, a traveling vehicle, a front pulley block, a rear pulley block, a constant tension winch, a guide wheel, a pump station system and the like are sequentially arranged in the belt storage bin frame from front to back, the plurality of carrier roller vehicles are sequentially connected in series through an automatic rope winding device, the front ends of the carrier roller vehicles after being connected in series are connected with a bogie at the front end of the belt storage bin frame, the rear ends of the carrier roller vehicles are connected with the traveling vehicle, and a plurality of upper carrier roller groups are uniformly arranged at the left side and the right side above the steel truss gun vehicle at intervals along the length direction of the steel truss; the steel truss gun carriages and the navigation machine head at the end part are hinged by adopting a hinge seat and a pressure spring device, and the pressure spring device is symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the hinge seat.
The navigation machine head comprises a headstock, an unmanned steering mechanism, a wheel balance mechanism, a driving wheel shaft, a speed reduction roller, a gear box, a hydraulic coupler, a motor, a discharging frame, a carrier roller set, a head guide groove, a discharging roller and a head cleaner, wherein the unmanned steering mechanism, the wheel balance mechanism and the steering wheel shaft are arranged on a front end chassis of the headstock, the wheel balance mechanism and the driving wheel shaft are arranged on a rear end chassis of the headstock, the speed reduction roller, the hydraulic coupler and the motor are arranged in the headstock, the gear box is arranged on one side of the headstock, one end of the gear box is connected with one end of the speed reduction roller without a bearing seat, the other end of the gear box is connected with one end of the hydraulic coupler, the other end of the hydraulic coupler is connected with the motor, the discharging frame is arranged at the front end of the headstock, a plurality of carrier roller sets are uniformly arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper side of the headstock along the length direction of the discharging frame, and the discharging roller, the head cleaner and the head guide groove are sequentially arranged in front of the carrier roller set on the discharging frame.
The transition train comprises a plurality of transition gun carriers, wherein each transition gun carrier comprises a frame I, wheel balance mechanisms, driven wheel shafts and transition carrier roller groups, the driven wheel shafts are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the frame I, the wheel balance mechanisms are arranged on the driven wheel shafts, each transition carrier roller group comprises a plurality of groups of transition carrier rollers with different heights, and the transition carrier roller groups are arranged on the left side and the right side above the frame I from high to low; the transition gun carriages are sequentially hinged by the hinge seat, and transition carrier roller groups on the transition gun carriages are sequentially arranged from high to low.
The telescopic train comprises a plurality of telescopic vehicles hinged with each other, each telescopic vehicle comprises a frame II, a telescopic arm, linear motion ball bearings, a front cross arm, a rear cross arm, wheels, wheel balance mechanisms and carrier rollers, the wheel balance mechanisms are welded on the left side and the right side of the frame II, the wheels are arranged on the wheel balance mechanisms, the linear motion ball bearings and the telescopic arms are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end and the rear end of the frame II, the telescopic arms penetrate through the linear motion ball bearings, one end shaft shoulder of each telescopic arm is blocked with each linear motion ball bearing and cannot extend out completely, the other end of each telescopic arm is respectively provided with the front cross arm and the rear cross arm, and the carrier rollers are vertically arranged on the left side and the right side above the frame II; the front cross arm of one telescopic car is connected with the rear cross arm of the other telescopic car through a pin shaft, and pressure spring devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pin shaft.
The material receiving navigation tractor comprises an unmanned steering mechanism, a buffer carrier roller, a buffer funnel, a motor driving wheel shaft, a frame III, a driven steering wheel shaft, a direction changing roller and a counterweight, wherein the unmanned steering mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the frame III, the driven steering wheel shaft is arranged below the tail end of the frame III, the motor driving wheel shaft is arranged below the front end of the frame III, a plurality of buffer carrier rollers are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper side of the frame III along the length direction of the frame III at intervals, the buffer funnel is arranged above the buffer carrier rollers, the direction changing roller is arranged at the rear end of the buffer carrier roller above the frame III, and the counterweight is arranged above the front end driving wheel shaft of the frame III.
The wheel balancing mechanism comprises a plurality of oil cylinder suspensions symmetrically welded on two sides of the train, each oil cylinder suspension comprises a wheel axle frame, a fixing frame and a balancing cylinder, each balancing cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, one end of each piston rod is arranged in each cylinder body and forms a closed oil cavity with each cylinder body, the other end of each piston rod extends out of each cylinder body, each balancing cylinder is fixed below the corresponding fixing frame, one end of each wheel axle frame is hinged with the corresponding fixing frame through a hinge shaft A, the middle of each wheel axle frame is hinged with each piston rod through a hinge shaft B, and wheels are mounted on the other ends of the wheel axle frames; one-way oil supplementing valve is arranged at the top of the balance cylinder suspended by one oil cylinder and is communicated with the oil cavity of the balance cylinder, and the train oil cylinder suspensions are communicated through communication oil pipes.
The unmanned steering mechanism comprises an automatic rope rolling device, a servo gear motor, a fixing frame, a rolling pressure bearing I, a turntable frame, a stud bolt, a steel sleeve, a dust blocking sleeve, a pinion, an arc-shaped rack, a steering wheel shaft, a rolling pressure bearing II, a dustproof gasket, a locking plate, a direction sensor and a speed sensor, wherein the rolling pressure bearing I, the dust blocking sleeve, the steel sleeve, the rolling pressure bearing II and the dustproof gasket are arranged in a middle base of the turntable frame, the fixing frame penetrates out of the upper part of the steel sleeve, the locking plate is arranged on the upper part of the steel sleeve, the turntable frame is fixed in the middle of the fixing frame through round holes in the middle of the turntable frame and the locking plate respectively at two ends of the stud bolt, the arc-shaped rack is arranged on the left side of the turntable frame, the pinion meshed with the arc-shaped rack is arranged on the left side of the fixing frame, the servo gear is arranged on the upper end of the pinion, the steering wheel shaft is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the turntable frame, the automatic rope rolling device is arranged at the front end of the fixing frame, and the direction sensor and the speed sensor are arranged on the left side and right side of the steel wire rope of the automatic rope rolling device.
The automatic rope winding device comprises a tile seat, a winding drum, a steel wire rope, a shaft and a scroll spring, wherein the scroll spring and the winding drum are sequentially sleeved on the shaft, one end of the scroll spring is fixed with the shaft, the other end of the scroll spring is fixed with the winding drum, the steel wire rope is wound on the winding drum, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed with the winding drum, the other end of the steel wire rope is a free end, and the tile seat is arranged at two ends of the shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the front end and the rear end of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor are respectively provided with an unmanned steering mechanism, the unmanned steering mechanisms closely follow the target, and command the receiving navigation tractor to pull the telescopic train to automatically run, keep synchronous with the target, realize automatic telescopic operation and do not need manual work; and the steel truss train is commanded to automatically run, keeps consistent with the target, realizes complete machine movement (resetting of the telescopic belt conveyor), is quick and convenient, and saves labor.
2. The automatic telescopic belt conveyor is provided with the driving wheel shaft and the driven wheel shaft below, so that the automatic telescopic belt conveyor can walk on a road surface, and in addition, wheel balance mechanisms are arranged at the wheels, so that when the road surface is uneven, the wheels are not on a horizontal plane, but the vehicle frame is kept nearly horizontal transversely (left and right directions), so that the automatic telescopic belt conveyor can adapt to the mechanical road conditions of underground crossheading, the rubber belt can be ensured not to deviate and fall in the transfer process, and the traveling car and the carrier roller car can normally run in the moving process, thereby realizing automatic telescopic and automatic traveling reset.
3. The roller cars are connected by adopting the automatic rope winding device, the length of the steel wire rope in the automatic rope winding device is set to be a fixed length according to the requirement, the distance between a plurality of roller cars is not larger than the length of the steel wire rope, the problems that the roller cars walk freely and the distance between the rollers is too large and maintenance is difficult are effectively solved, and the purposes of increasing the space of a belt storage bin and increasing the length of a belt are achieved.
4. Tension spring devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinging seat, so that the train has certain rigidity, lateral stress of a part of wheels is counteracted, and stability and centering functions of the train are improved.
5. The telescopic train can automatically stretch, the space of the belt storage bin is larger, and the stretching length can be determined according to the tunneling scale of two underground shifts, so that the frame can be extended or shortened without manual shift following.
6. Because the steel truss train is higher than the telescopic train, the two trains are connected in series and then penetrate into the adhesive tape, the adhesive tape floats upwards and is separated from the carrier roller set, and the adhesive tape is separated from the limitation of the carrier roller and can deviate and fall off.
7. After the automatic expansion and contraction is realized, the adhesive tape does not need to be replaced under the condition that the adhesive tape is not damaged, so that the continuous operation can be realized;
8. realizes fixed point lap joint with the lower-stage belt conveyor, reduces the technical requirement on the lower-stage belt conveyor and the manufacturing cost and the operation cost of the lower-stage belt conveyor. In the transfer system, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is applied to a second transfer link, so that the existing transfer equipment is replaced, and the lower belt conveyor is not required to stretch along with the shift.
9. The overlapping distance between the two adjacent devices is short (not more than 3 m), the left and right spacing distance is large, the external dimension is thin, long, narrow and short, and the two adjacent devices are not interfered with other devices during operation, and are convenient to maintain.
10. The buffer hopper is arranged at the tail part, so that the peak value of the transportation quantity is reduced, and the power, the manufacturing cost and the operation cost of the lower-level transportation equipment are saved.
In summary, the application of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor increases the production efficiency of the system, reduces the production cost, and thoroughly solves the problem of difficult transfer in the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of the front section of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the middle section of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the rear section of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a navigation head;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a navigation head;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the telescopic train;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the telescoping train;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a transition train;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a receiving navigation tractor;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a receiving navigation tractor;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the wheel balancing mechanism;
FIG. 13 is a top view of the wheel balancing mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a balancing cylinder;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the automatic rope reel;
FIG. 16 is a top view of the automatic rope reel;
FIG. 17 is a front view of the unmanned steering mechanism;
FIG. 18 is a top view of the unmanned steering mechanism;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a belt tensioning section tape wrap;
in the figure: 1-headstock, 2-unmanned steering mechanism, 3-wheel balance mechanism, 4-driven axle, 5-speed reducing drum, 6-gear box, 7-fluid coupler, 8-motor, 9-unloading frame, 10-carrier roller set, 11-head guide chute, 12-unloading drum, 13-head sweeper, 14-supporting cylinder, 15-driven axle, 16-belt storage bin frame, 17-upper clamping plate, 18-side clamping plate, 19-electric control box, 20-bend pulley A, 21-bend pulley B, 22-carrier roller car, 23-traveling car, 24-front pulley block, 25-rear pulley block, 26-constant tension winch, 27-guide wheel, 28-pump station system, 29-automatic rope reeling device, 30-bogie, 31-upper carrier roller set, 32-seat, 33-compression spring device, 34-frame I, 35-transition carrier roller set, 36-frame II, 37-telescopic arm, 38-linear motion ball bearing, 39-front cross arm, 40-rear cross arm, 41-wheels, 42-rear carrier roller, 43-buffer roller, 44, motor, 45-46-driven axle, 48-constant tension winch, 27-guide wheel, 28-pump system, 29-automatic rope reeling device, 30-bogie, 31-upper carrier roller set, 31-upper carrier roller frame, 32-hinge seat, 33-pressure spring device, 34-frame I, 35-transition carrier roller, 36-frame II, 35-telescopic arm, 35-buffer pulley, 45-buffer pulley, 46-swing axle, 48-swing axle, 46-swing axle, 47-swing cylinder, 55-swing axle, 47-swing axle, 46-swing axle, 47, 46-swing axle and cylinder tube, 55-swing axle, and 58-swing axle, 59-communication oil pipes, 60-servo gear motors, 61-fixing frames, 62-rolling pressure bearings I, 63-rotating disc frames, 64-stud bolts, 65-steel sleeves, 66-dust-blocking sleeves, 67-pinion gears, 68-arc racks, 69-steering wheel shafts, 70-rolling pressure bearings II, 71-dustproof washers, 72-locking plates, 73-direction sensors, 74-speed sensors, 75-shoe seats, 76-winding drums, 77-steel wire ropes, 78-shafts, 79-spiral springs, 80-adhesive tapes, 81-navigation heads, 82-steel truss gun carriages, 83-receiving navigation tractors, 84-transition trains and 85-telescopic trains.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, an automatic telescopic belt conveyor comprises a steel truss train, a transition train 84, a telescopic train 85, a receiving navigation tractor 83 and an adhesive tape 80, wherein the steel truss train, the transition train 84, the telescopic train 85 and the receiving navigation tractor 83 are hinged by adopting a hinging seat 32 and a pressure spring device 33 in sequence, and the pressure spring device 33 is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the hinging seat 32; the steel truss train comprises a navigation machine head 81 and a plurality of steel truss gun cars 82, the steel truss gun cars 82 of the ends and the navigation machine head 81 are hinged through a hinge seat 32 and a pressure spring device 33, the pressure spring device 33 is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the hinge seat 32, the front end of the navigation machine head 81 and the tail end of a receiving navigation tractor 83 are respectively provided with an unmanned steering mechanism 2, wheels balance mechanisms 3 are respectively arranged at the lower wheels of the navigation machine head 81, the steel truss gun cars 82, a transition train 84, a telescopic train 85 and the receiving navigation tractor 83, the wheels balance mechanisms 3 are communicated through communication oil pipes 59, and the adhesive tape 80 is arranged on the steel truss train, the transition train 84, the telescopic train 85 and the receiving navigation tractor 83.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the navigation head comprises a head frame 1, an unmanned steering mechanism 2, a wheel balance mechanism 3, a driving wheel shaft 4, a decelerating roller 5, a gear box 6, a hydraulic coupler 7, a motor 8, a discharging frame 9, a carrier roller group 10, a head guide groove 11, a discharging roller 12 and a head sweeper 13, wherein the unmanned steering mechanism 2 and the wheel balance mechanism 3 are arranged at the front end of the head frame 1, the wheel balance mechanism 3 and the driving wheel shaft 4 are arranged at the rear end of the head frame 1, the decelerating roller 5, the hydraulic coupler 7 and the motor 8 are arranged in the head frame 1, the gear box 6 is arranged at one side of the head frame 1, one end of the gear box 6 is connected with one end of the decelerating roller 5 without a bearing seat, the other end of the gear box 6 is connected with one end of the hydraulic coupler 7, the other end of the hydraulic coupler 7 is connected with a driving shaft of the motor 8, the discharging frame 9 is arranged above the head guide groove 11, a plurality of carrier roller groups 10 are arranged at left and right sides above the discharging frame 9 along the length direction of the discharging frame 9, and the head guide groove 11, the discharging roller 12 and the head sweeper 13 are sequentially arranged in front of the discharging frame 9.
The navigation handpiece has four functions: 1. the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is driven to run, materials are transported from the tail to the machine head to be unloaded, and the universal belt conveyor is designed and selected, and is characterized in that a gear box bears the functions of a bearing seat, a shaft coupling and redirection, a speed reducing roller, a motor, a hydraulic coupler and the like are arranged in the inner cavity of a headstock, so that the outline dimension of the machine head is reduced, and the machine head is convenient to walk; 2. the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the front end of the steel truss train and forms the steel truss train together with the steel truss gun carriage, and is characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder suspension, the driving wheel shaft and the steering wheel shaft are arranged below the headstock to form a driving unit in the multi-point driving of the steel truss train. All parts of the machine head become the balance weight of the drive; 3. Unmanned navigation ensures that the train is synchronous with the target pace; the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is characterized in that an unmanned steering mechanism is arranged, the motion trail of adjacent equipment is effectively monitored, and the motion trail is consistent in orientation, so that the automatic resetting and the automatic walking of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor are realized; 4. And supporting and fixing the automatic telescopic belt conveyor. When the automatic telescopic belt conveyor runs, the supporting oil cylinder stretches out and abuts against the ground, the bottom of the oil cylinder is provided with a gripping block, and the supporting and fixing navigation machine head ensures the normal operation and automatic telescopic operation of the belt conveyor.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the steel truss gun carriage comprises a steel truss, a supporting oil cylinder 14, a driving wheel shaft 4, a driven wheel shaft 15 and a wheel balance mechanism 3, the steel truss is formed by connecting two sections of belt storage bin frames 16 through an upper clamping plate 17 and a side clamping plate 18, the left and right sides of the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the steel truss are respectively provided with the supporting oil cylinder 14, the driving wheel shaft 4 or the driven wheel shaft 15 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the middle of the steel truss, the wheel balance mechanism 3 is respectively arranged on the driving wheel shaft 4 or the driven wheel shaft 15, an electric control box 19, a bend pulley A20, a bend pulley B21, a plurality of carrier roller carriages 22, a traveling carriage 23, a front pulley block 24, a rear pulley block 25, a constant tension winch 26, a guide pulley 27 and a pump station system 28 are sequentially connected in series through an automatic rope winding device 29, the front end of the carrier roller carriage 22 is connected with a bogie 30 of the belt storage bin frame 16, the rear end of the carrier roller carriage 22 is connected with the traveling carriage 23, and a plurality of carrier roller carriages 31 are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the steel truss in an interval direction 31 along the length direction.
The driving wheel shaft 4 is generally arranged below the last steel truss gun carriage, the driven wheel shafts 15 are arranged below the rest steel truss gun carriages, and the head and tail two-point driving is realized; when the walking surface is worse and the gradient is larger than +/-6 degrees, a driving wheel shaft 4 can be arranged below a steel truss gun carriage in the middle of a train to form three-point driving. All driving wheel shafts on the steel truss train are interlocked, and the command is uniformly received; the hinge seat 32 has gaps in three directions, and the two sides of the hinge seat are provided with the pressure spring devices 33, so that the self-centering function is realized during walking, and the swing angle of snaking is reduced;
The main functions of the steel truss train are as follows: 1. the device comprises a navigation head, a driving device, a carrier roller vehicle, a travelling trolley, a constant tension winch, a pump station, a carrier roller set, an adhesive tape, a guide chute, a sweeper, a transported material and the like, wherein the navigation head is used for bearing and fixing the automatic telescopic belt conveyor; 2. the carrier roller car and the travelling trolley travelling platform are built, a larger belt storage space is built, the orderly running of the carrier roller car and the travelling trolley is realized, and the purpose of automatically storing and releasing the adhesive tape is achieved; 3. the automatic walking of the whole machine is realized, the working state is automatically restored, and the purpose of continuous operation without changing parts is realized. 4. All the supporting cylinders extend out to prop against the ground, the bottom of the cylinder tray is provided with a gripping block, and the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is fixed, so that the normal operation and automatic telescopic of the belt conveyor are ensured.
The steel truss train is used as a part of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor, and the dynamic state of the steel truss train can be known only by analyzing the dynamic state of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor.
The automatic telescopic belt conveyor can be generally used in a second link of the underground crossheading transfer system, wherein the head part (unloading part) of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is overlapped with the tail part of the lower-stage belt conveyor, the tail part of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is overlapped with the crushing transfer machine or the scraper transfer machine, and the free ends of the steel wire ropes of the unmanned steering mechanisms at the head end and the tail end are connected with the center points of adjacent equipment. There are two working conditions: one is tunneling working condition, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is extended, the other is back-stepping working condition, and the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is shortened. Under the two working conditions, the transfer function is to transfer the tunneled or stepping back mixed coal to the lower-stage belt conveyor. When in tunneling working condition, the telescopic train is contracted to the shortest, and is followed to the rear of the crushing and transferring machine set, and is extended along with the length of the tunneling machine set (comprising the crushing and transferring machine), and the efficiency is highest when the length of the telescopic train extends to the length of the two tunneling machine sets (200 meters). Elongation conditions: when the steel truss train is gripped on the ground and is not moved, the steel wire rope of the tail unmanned steering mechanism is freely short and connected with the midpoint of the crushing and transferring machine, when the tunneling machine set advances, the navigation steel wire rope connected with the crushing and transferring machine is pulled, the speed sensor is touched, the driving wheel shaft of the receiving navigation tractor is started after receiving the signal, the receiving navigation tractor runs towards the tail direction, the running direction is controlled by the direction sensor, at the moment, the tension of the adhesive tape is increased, when the tension of the adhesive tape is larger than the set value range, the constant tension winch is reversed, the constant tension winch enters the pump working state, the steel wire rope is released, the traveling trolley is pulled back by the adhesive tape and runs towards the machine head direction, the carrier roller car is sequentially drawn towards the machine head direction under the action of the automatic rope winding device, the adhesive tape is released, and the telescopic train is lengthened. Until the telescopic train is synchronous with the tunneling machine set; when the speed of the telescopic train exceeds the speed of the tunneling machine set, the contact of the speed sensor is reversed, and the driving wheel shaft of the receiving navigation tractor is decelerated after receiving the signal until the telescopic train is synchronized with the tunneling machine set again. When the adhesive tape in the tape storage bin is fully extended, the first carrier roller car triggers the limit switch, and the receiving navigation tractor drives the wheel shaft to stop in a power-off mode, so that the brake is locked. When the tension of the adhesive tape is reduced to a set value range, the constant tension winch is blocked. At the moment, the maintenance work is just entered, the telescopic train which needs to be stretched is shortened to the shortest state, and the next cycle is entered. Shortening working conditions: the tail part (the receiving navigation tractor) is locked, the steel truss train oil cylinder is retracted, the steel truss train oil cylinder enters a walking working condition, a driving wheel shaft is electrified and runs towards the tail part direction, the elongated telescopic train is sequentially pushed to be shortened, at the moment, the adhesive tape is loosened, the tension of the adhesive tape is smaller than a set value, a constant tension winch in a belt storage bin frame is rotated forwards, (a motor state is entered), a traveling trolley and a carrier roller vehicle are sequentially pulled to run towards the tail direction, the loosened adhesive tape is pulled into the belt storage bin frame to be stored, the adhesive tape is shortened to be shortest, when the tension of the adhesive tape reaches the set value range, a constant tension winch is blocked, the traveling trolley and the carrier roller vehicle are stopped, the last carrier roller vehicle in the belt storage bin touches a limit switch, the driving wheel shaft is powered off and stopped, and the brake is locked. The oil cylinder is extended to prop against the ground, the wheels are lifted off the ground, and the steel truss is leveled. The lower belt conveyor is prolonged to be overlapped with the lower belt conveyor, and the lower belt conveyor enters an elongation working condition (tunneling working condition). So far, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor finishes one-time automatic extension and automatic recovery to the tunneling working condition, and repeats until the gateway tunneling is completed.
The shortened working condition compresses the automatic telescopic belt conveyor from the longest state to the shortest state, and the whole machine moves a telescopic distance towards the tail direction. This shortened regime is summarized below as: automatic resetting and automatic walking of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor during tunneling.
When the working condition is back stepped, the telescopic train stretches to the longest, the head part is overlapped with the tail part of the lower-stage belt conveyor, the tail part is overlapped with the automatic crushing reversed loader, and the telescopic train shortens along with the back stepping of the working surface. If the telescopic length is the same as the front, the length of the telescopic train is generally 12 to 20 meters per day, and after about ten days, the telescopic train is shortened to the shortest, and enters a maintenance work. Shortening working conditions: the steel truss train oil cylinder is fixed against the ground, the free end of the steel wire rope of the tail unmanned steering mechanism is connected with the midpoint of the automatic crushing and transferring machine, when the automatic crushing and transferring machine moves forwards, the loosening of the steel wire rope is automatically shortened, after the speed sensor senses the signal, the receiving navigation tractor driving device is controlled to drive towards the machine head until the receiving navigation tractor driving device is synchronous with the automatic crushing and transferring machine, and meanwhile, the telescopic train is pushed to shorten (the telescopic train has a guiding function), at the moment, the adhesive tape is loosened, the tension of the adhesive tape is smaller than a set value, and the constant tension winch rotates forwards (the motor working state), so as to pull the traveling car. The carrier roller vehicle runs towards the tail direction and stores the adhesive tape in the tape storage bin; when the speed of the telescopic train exceeds the speed of the automatic crushing reversed loader, the contact of the speed sensor is reversed, and the receiving navigation tractor driving device is decelerated after receiving the signal until the receiving navigation tractor driving device is synchronized with the automatic crushing reversed loader again. When the adhesive tape in the tape storage bin is fully stored, the last carrier roller car touches the limit switch, the receiving navigation tractor driving device stops power off and locks, the tension of the adhesive tape is increased to a set value, and the constant tension winch is blocked. At the moment, all the working conditions are shortened, a maintenance work is performed, the shortened automatic telescopic belt conveyor is required to be adjusted to the longest working condition, and the next cycle is performed. Elongation conditions: shortening the lower belt conveyor and leveling the ground. The tail of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is fixed, the steel truss train oil cylinder is retracted, the steel wire rope of the unmanned steering mechanism is connected with the midpoint of the tail of the lower belt conveyor, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor enters a walking working condition, the running condition runs towards the lower belt conveyor, the shortened telescopic train is stretched, the tension of the adhesive tape is larger than a set value, the constant tension winch is reversed, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor enters a pump working state, the swimming car is pulled towards the machine head direction by the adhesive tape, the carrier roller cars are automatically closed, the adhesive tape is released from the tape storage bin, the adhesive tape is pulled to the longest when all the adhesive tape is released, the first carrier roller car touches the limit switch, the steel truss train is powered off, the parking is locked, the adhesive tape in the tape storage bin is released completely, the tension of the adhesive tape is reduced to the set value, and the constant tension winch is locked. The machine head is overlapped with the tail of the lower-stage belt conveyor, the steel truss train is stopped, the extending oil cylinder is propped against the ground, the wheels are lifted off, the steel truss is leveled, and the shortened working condition is entered. The automatic telescopic belt conveyor finishes one-time automatic shortening and automatic recovering to the back-stepping working condition. And repeating the steps until the mining area is finished.
The automatic telescopic belt conveyor is prolonged from the shortest state to the longest state under the stretching working condition, and the whole machine moves by a telescopic distance towards the machine head. This elongation regime is summarized below as: automatic resetting and automatic walking of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor during stepping back.
Steel truss train working condition: 1. the steel truss train runs on the mechanical road surface, and the unevenness is 100 mm of the maximum height difference of the three meter ruler; 2. when in tunneling working condition, the steel truss train runs towards the tail, is guided by the telescopic train, ensures the straight running of the steel truss train, enables the automatic telescopic belt conveyor to be restored to the shortest (tunneling working condition), and runs towards the tail for a telescopic distance; 3. when the back stepping working condition is adopted, the steel truss train runs to the lower belt conveyor, the unmanned steering mechanism is used for navigation, the straight running of the steel truss train is ensured, the telescopic belt conveyor is restored to the longest (the back stepping working condition), and the machine head direction advances for a telescopic distance; 4. the oil pipe is communicated with the balance cylinders hung by all the oil cylinders, the cylinder diameter of the balance cylinders corresponds to the load of the steel truss gun carriage, and after the adjustment, under the condition of uneven pavement, the steel truss is transversely arranged on a nearly horizontal plane, so that the traveling trolley and the carrier roller vehicle can normally travel
In summary, although the steel truss train has navigation before and guidance after, under the influence of uneven pavement, the train still has a hunting error, and the error is caused by unbalanced loading of the steel truss gun train and unequal resistance of two wheels. Under the working condition, the error is difficult to completely eliminate, but the error is easy to reduce to achieve the purpose of use. The steel truss train is thus structurally arranged as follows. The steel truss train has the following characteristics:
1. The steel truss gun frame consists of two belt storage bin frames, and the belt storage bin frames are formed by connecting a plurality of single-piece steel structure bolts. The main purpose is to facilitate underground transportation and installation;
2. the steel truss train is formed by hinging a steel truss gun carriage, and the hinging seat is provided with movable gaps in three directions (up-down and left-right rotation). The main purpose is that: 1) The wheels are pressed against the ground as much as possible, the blocked forces are nearly equal, the hunting error is reduced, and the service life of the wheels is ensured; 2) The lateral force is dispersed, the lateral stress of the wheels is reduced, and sideslip is avoided; 3) The clearance cannot be too large, so that the two purposes are achieved, and the stability of the train can be affected otherwise.
3. Tension spring devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinging seat, so that the train has certain rigidity, lateral stress of a part of wheels is counteracted, the self-centering function is achieved, and the principle is the same as that of a train bogie.
As shown in fig. 9, the transition train comprises a plurality of transition gun carriers, wherein the transition gun carriers comprise a frame I34, wheel balance mechanisms 3, driven wheel shafts 15 and transition carrier roller groups 35, the driven wheel shafts 15 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the frame I34, the wheel balance mechanisms 3 are arranged on the driven wheel shafts 15, and the transition carrier roller groups 35 comprise a plurality of groups of transition carrier rollers with different heights and are arranged on the left side and the right side above the frame I34 from high to low; the transition gun carriers are sequentially hinged by the hinge seats 32, the transition carrier roller sets 35 on the transition gun carriers are sequentially arranged from high to low, and the left side and the right side of the upper end of each transition carrier roller set 35 are respectively provided with a baffle wheel. The method is characterized in that: 1. the transition carrier roller group is highly suitable for a concave arc track formed by floating the adhesive tape, so that the adhesive tape enters the groove; 2. because the change of the load on the automatic telescopic belt conveyor can cause the peristaltic motion of the adhesive tape, the peristaltic motion is particularly prominent in the concave arc section, and therefore, the baffle wheels are arranged on the two sides of the transition carrier roller set; both the above features are used to prevent the bad results of blanking, edge cutting and the like caused by the deviation of the adhesive tape.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the telescopic train comprises a plurality of telescopic carriages hinged with each other, the telescopic carriages comprise a frame II36, a telescopic arm 37, a linear ball bearing 38, a front cross arm 39, a rear cross arm 40, wheels 41, a wheel balance mechanism 3 and carrier rollers 42, the wheel balance mechanism 3 is welded on the left side and the right side of the frame II36, the wheels 41 are arranged on the wheel balance mechanism 3, the front end and the left side and the right side of the rear end of the frame II36 are respectively provided with the linear ball bearing 38 and the telescopic arm 37, the telescopic arm 37 passes through the linear ball bearing 38, one end shaft shoulder of the telescopic arm 37 is blocked with the linear ball bearing 38 and cannot extend completely, the other end of the telescopic arm 37 is respectively provided with the front cross arm 39 and the rear cross arm 40, and the left side and the right side above the frame II36 are vertically provided with the carrier rollers 42; the front cross arm 39 of one telescopic car is connected with the rear cross arm 40 of the other telescopic car by a pin.
In the automatic telescopic belt conveyor, the front end of a telescopic train is connected with a transition train, and the rear end of the telescopic train is connected with a receiving navigation tractor. The receiving navigation tractor runs forwards and backwards, thereby achieving the purpose of telescoping the telescopic train. It is not difficult to imagine that the train can form a hunting movement during the telescopic movement due to no track limitation and the influence of uneven ground, but under the control of a wheel balance mechanism and a pressure spring mechanism, the hunting deviation center is smaller when the running speed is slower, the deviation directions of adjacent telescopic vehicles are opposite, and for an automatic telescopic belt conveyor, the deviation offsets each other, and the normal operation of the belt conveyor is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the receiving navigation tractor comprises an unmanned steering mechanism 2, a buffer carrier roller 43, a buffer hopper 44, a motor driving wheel shaft 45, a frame III46, a driven steering wheel shaft 47, a bend drum 48 and a counterweight 49, wherein the unmanned steering mechanism 2 is installed at the tail end of the frame III46, the driven steering wheel shaft 47 is installed below the unmanned steering mechanism 2, the motor driving wheel shaft 45 is installed below the front end of the frame III46, a plurality of buffer carrier rollers 43 are installed at the left side and the right side above the frame III46 at intervals along the length direction of the frame III46, the buffer carrier rollers are used for directly supporting adhesive tapes, buffering the impact of materials on the adhesive tapes and the frame during receiving, the buffer hopper 44 is installed above the buffer carrier rollers 43, and a material guiding plate and a flow controller are installed at the lower opening of the buffer hopper 44 to guide and control the flow of the materials. The rear end of the upper buffer roller 43 of the carriage III46 is provided with a direction-changing drum 48, and the front end of the carriage III46 is provided with a counterweight 49, wherein the counterweight 49 is used for increasing the positive pressure of the motor drive axle so that the motor drive axle has enough driving force.
Working principle of receiving navigation tractor: the receiving navigation tractor is overlapped with an automatic crushing transfer conveyor (or a scraper transfer conveyor) at the rear end of the mining unit, when the automatic crushing transfer conveyor is installed, the discharging end of the crushing transfer conveyor overlapped with the receiving navigation tractor is centered at one third of the front end of a buffer hopper of the receiving navigation tractor, and a steel wire rope is pulled out to be connected with the middle point of the crushing transfer conveyor. When the mining machine set moves forwards and backwards, the steel wire rope is pulled, the speed sensor senses and then transmits the signal to the control system of the motor driving wheel shaft, the motor driving wheel shaft is commanded to start, the mining machine set moves forwards and backwards, the pace is kept consistent, when the material receiving navigation vehicle swings in a meandering manner, the steel wire rope swings along with the material receiving navigation vehicle, the direction sensor senses and then transmits the signal to the unmanned steering mechanism, and the unmanned steering mechanism is commanded to linearly travel along with the mining machine set. The method is mainly characterized in that: 1. straight running, which does not deviate from the center of the target and is consistent with the target pace; 2. pulling the telescopic train to stretch; 3. because the average coal mining amount and the peak coal mining amount of the mining unit are large in gap, the buffer hopper can reduce the peak value of the transportation amount, and the system energy and the equipment cost are saved.
As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, the wheel balancing mechanism comprises a plurality of oil cylinder suspensions symmetrically welded on two sides of a vehicle frame, wherein each oil cylinder suspension comprises a wheel axle bracket 50, a fixed bracket 51 and a balancing cylinder 52, each balancing cylinder 52 comprises a cylinder body 53 and a piston rod 54, one end of each piston rod 54 is arranged in each cylinder body 53 and forms a closed oil cavity 55 with each cylinder body 53, the other end of each piston rod 54 extends out of each cylinder body 53, each balancing cylinder 52 is fixed below the corresponding fixed bracket 51, one end of the wheel axle bracket 50 is hinged with the corresponding fixed bracket 51 through a hinge shaft A56, and the middle of each balancing cylinder is hinged with the corresponding piston rod 54 through a hinge shaft B57; one-way oil supplementing valve 58 is arranged at the top of the balance cylinder 52 of one oil cylinder suspension, the one-way oil supplementing valve 58 is communicated with the oil cavity 55 of the balance cylinder 52, all the oil cylinder suspensions are communicated through a communication oil pipe 59, emulsion is pumped into the oil cavity 55 through the one-way oil supplementing valve 58 by a hand pipeline pump until the effective length of a piston rod (determined by the unevenness of the ground) stretches out by half, and the wheel balance mechanism is mainly characterized in that under the condition that the running speed is less than or equal to 20m/min, the frame of the telescopic vehicle is kept horizontal when the ground is uneven, and the stress of wheels is equal.
Working principle of wheel balance mechanism: 1. because the balance cylinders 52 are communicated by the communication oil pipes 59 to form a communicating vessel, the cylinder diameter corresponds to the load born by the horizontal machine frame, and if the liquid level pressure of the emulsion is equal, the liquid level is kept horizontal, and the machine frame is nearly horizontal; 2. the telescopic vehicle is symmetrically manufactured, when the vehicle is on the horizontal ground, the four wheels are stressed equally, namely the emulsion liquid level pressure is equal, the frame is nearly horizontal, and the pressure is derived from the dead weight of the telescopic vehicle and the carried materials; when the ground is uneven, the four wheels are unevenly stressed, liquid (emulsion) always flows to a place with low pressure, the wheel piston rod 54 with low stress stretches out, the wheel piston rod 54 with high stress withdraws until the liquid level pressure is equal, and at the moment, the four wheels are not in a horizontal plane, but the telescopic vehicle frame is kept nearly horizontal. For an automatic telescopic belt conveyor, the corresponding road condition is a downhole crossheading. Generally, the transverse direction of the gate is nearly horizontal, and the longitudinal direction is inclined, and sometimes concave and convex arc pavements are also formed. In this road condition, the wheel balancing mechanism can only keep the train horizontal near level. Therefore, the belt conveyor can be ensured not to deviate and fall due to left and right inclination of the frame. For the longitudinal direction, the steel truss train is formed by hinging a steel truss gun carriage, and the telescopic train is formed by hinging a telescopic carriage. The radius of the concave-convex arc is generally larger, so that the adhesive tape can not float upwards to cause the deviation of the adhesive tape. Of course, when the radius of the concave-convex arc is smaller, so that the rubber belt floats upwards to cause the deviation of the rubber belt, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor cannot be used, and the problems caused by the floating of the rubber belt and the adaptation of each train to the concave-convex arc road conditions are solved according to the design.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the automatic rope winding device 29 includes a shoe 75, a drum 76, a wire rope 77, a shaft 78 and a spiral spring 79, the spiral spring 79 and the drum 76 are sequentially sleeved on the shaft 78, one end of the spiral spring 79 is fixed with the shaft 78, the other end is fixed with the drum 76, the wire rope 77 is wound on the drum 76, one end of the wire rope 77 is fixed with the drum 76, the other end is a free end, and the shoe 75 is arranged at two ends of the shaft 78.
The automatic rope winding device 29 works on the principle that: when the wire rope 77 is subjected to a certain external force, the spiral spring 79 is compressed, the wire rope 77 is pulled out, and conversely, the spiral spring 79 is expanded, and the wire rope 77 is retracted. The working principle is the same as that of the tape measure.
In the invention, the automatic rope winding device 29 is used for controlling the distance between the carrier roller vehicles 22, the shoe seat 75 of the automatic rope winding device 29 is fixedly arranged at one end of the carrier roller vehicle 22 in the belt storage bin frame, one end of the hanging ring of the steel wire rope 77 is fixedly connected with the other end of the other carrier roller vehicle 22, and the effective extension length of the steel wire rope 77 is controlled to be 3 meters. The carrier roller vehicles 22 are repeatedly connected in series, the front ends of the carrier roller vehicles 22 connected in series are connected with the bogie 30, and the rear ends of the carrier roller vehicles are connected with the traveling vehicles 23, and the connection method is the same as the previous method. In the absence of external forces, the automatic rope winding device 29 tightens the idler carriages 22, bringing them together. When the telescopic belt conveyor stretches, the traveling vehicle 23 walks towards the tail, the carrier roller vehicles 22 are sequentially pulled to walk, the steel wire rope 77 of the first automatic rope rolling device 29 is pulled out, after the steel wire rope 77 stretches out for 3 meters, the next carrier roller vehicle 22 is pulled to walk without stretching out, and the steel wire rope of the next automatic rope rolling device 29 is pulled out; and so on, when the telescopic belt conveyor is completely extended, the carrier roller car 22 is completely pulled away, and the next cycle is started. Conversely, when the telescopic belt conveyor shortens, the traveling carriage 23 runs toward the head, the wire rope 77 is loosened, the spiral spring 79 is expanded, and the wire rope 77 is retracted. And so on, when the telescopic belt conveyor is completely shortened, the carrier roller vehicles 22 are completely closed, and the next cycle is started. The automatic rope winding device 29 can ensure that the distance between a plurality of carrier roller vehicles 22 is not more than 3 meters longer than the length of the steel wire rope 77, and solves the problem that the carrier roller vehicles 22 walk freely and the maintenance is difficult because the distance between the carrier roller vehicles is too large.
As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the unmanned steering mechanism 2 comprises an automatic rope winding device 29, a servo speed reducing motor 60, a fixing frame 61, a rolling pressure bearing I62, a turntable frame 63, a stud 64, a steel sleeve 65, a dust blocking sleeve 66, a pinion 67, an arc-shaped rack 68, a steering wheel shaft 69, a rolling pressure bearing II70, a dust-proof gasket 71, a locking plate 72, a direction sensor 73 and a speed sensor 74, wherein the rolling pressure bearing I62, the dust blocking sleeve 66, the steel sleeve 65, the rolling pressure bearing II70 and the dust-proof gasket 71 are arranged in the middle base of the turntable frame 63, the upper part of the steel sleeve 65 penetrates through the fixing frame 61, the locking plate 72 is arranged at the upper part of the steel sleeve 65, two ends of the stud 64 respectively penetrate through round holes in the middle of the turntable frame 63 and the locking plate 72 to fix the turntable frame 63 in the middle of the fixing frame 61, the arc-shaped rack 68 is arranged at the left side of the turntable frame 63, the pinion 67 is arranged at the left side of the fixing frame 61, the pinion 67 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 68, the servo speed reducing motor 60 is arranged at the upper end of the pinion 67, the lower part of the middle of the turntable frame 63 is arranged at the middle 69, the lower part of the turntable frame 63 is arranged at the middle, the upper end of the automatic rope winding device is connected with the automatic rope winding device 29, and the automatic rope winding device is arranged at the front of the steering device 29 and the front of the steering device is connected to the steering wheel.
The main function of the unmanned steering mechanism 2 is that the unmanned steering mechanism 2 is arranged at the front end of the navigation vehicle, runs along with the target in a short distance and is synchronous with the target, so that unmanned is realized.
The working principle of the unmanned steering mechanism is as follows: the unmanned steering mechanism 2 is installed at the front end of the navigation vehicle, and the pull-out wire rope 77 is connected with the target midpoint. When the target moves forward and backward, the steel wire rope 77 is pulled, the speed sensor 74 senses and transmits the signal to the control system of the motor driving wheel shaft of the navigation vehicle, the motor driving wheel shaft of the navigation vehicle is commanded to start, the target moves forward and backward, when the speed of the navigation vehicle exceeds the target speed, the speed sensor 74 contacts the pulley to rotate reversely, and transmits the signal to the control system of the motor driving wheel shaft of the navigation vehicle, and the navigation vehicle decelerates until the navigation vehicle is synchronized with the target again. When the navigation vehicle deviates from the running direction, the steel wire rope 77 swings along with the navigation vehicle, the signal is transmitted to the unmanned steering mechanism control system after being sensed by the direction sensor 73, and the unmanned steering mechanism is instructed to correct the running direction of the navigation vehicle and to follow the running of the tunneling machine set.
The invention is prepared before assembly and use: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a steel truss train, a concave arc transition train, a telescopic train and a receiving navigation tractor are connected sequentially through a hinging seat and a pressure spring device; secondly, penetrating the adhesive tape according to the adhesive tape winding mode in fig. 19, wherein the adhesive tape joint can be a vulcanized joint; thirdly, sequentially hanging and fixing each cable (comprising an input cable, a travelling cable, a brake cable, a steering cable, a winch cable, a pump station cable, a control cable and a host cable) on one side of a train, firstly connecting a motor and an electric control box, then connecting a self-moving power station, and connecting a power supply; fourthly, regulating (increasing and decreasing) the emulsion liquid level of the balance oil cylinder again to enable the adhesive tape to be completely put into the groove; and fifthly, sequentially debugging a pump station motor, an oil cylinder, a main motor, a winch motor, a belt conveyor, a steering motor and a walking motor, and putting the pump station motor, the oil cylinder, the main motor, the winch motor, the belt conveyor, the steering motor and the walking motor into use after all are normal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the front end and the rear end of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor are respectively provided with an unmanned steering mechanism, the unmanned steering mechanisms closely follow the target, and command the receiving navigation tractor to pull the telescopic train to automatically run, keep synchronous with the target, realize automatic telescopic operation and do not need manual work; and the steel truss train is commanded to automatically run, kept consistent with the target, automatically reset and automatically walk, and is quick, convenient and labor-saving.
2. The automatic telescopic belt conveyor is characterized in that the driving wheel shaft and the driven wheel shaft are arranged below the automatic telescopic belt conveyor, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor can walk on a road surface, and wheel balance mechanisms are arranged at the wheels, so that when the road surface is uneven, the wheels are not on the same horizontal plane, but the frame is horizontally kept nearly horizontal, so that the rubber belt can be ensured not to deviate and fall off in the transferring process, and the traveling car and the carrier roller car can normally run in the moving process, thereby realizing automatic telescopic and automatic resetting.
3. The roller cars are connected by adopting the automatic rope winding device, the length of the steel wire rope in the automatic rope winding device is set to be a fixed length according to the requirement, the distance between a plurality of roller cars is not larger than the length of the steel wire rope, the problems that the roller cars walk freely and the distance between the rollers is too large and maintenance is difficult are effectively solved, and the purposes of increasing the space of a belt storage bin and increasing the length of a belt are achieved.
4. Tension spring devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hinging seat, so that the train has certain rigidity, lateral stress of a part of wheels is counteracted, and stability and centering functions of the train are improved.
5. The telescopic train can automatically stretch, the space of the belt storage bin is larger, and the stretching length can be determined according to the tunneling scale of two underground shifts, so that the frame can be extended or shortened without manual shift following.
6. Because the steel truss train is higher than the telescopic train, the two trains are connected in series and then penetrate into the adhesive tape, the adhesive tape floats upwards and is separated from the carrier roller set, and the adhesive tape is separated from the limitation of the carrier roller and can deviate and fall off.
7. After the automatic expansion and contraction is realized, the adhesive tape does not need to be replaced under the condition that the adhesive tape is not damaged, so that the continuous operation can be realized;
8. realizing fixed point overlap joint, reducing the technical requirement on the next stage belt conveyor and the manufacturing cost and the operation cost thereof. In the transfer system, the automatic telescopic belt conveyor is applied to a second transfer link, so that the existing transfer equipment is replaced, and the lower belt conveyor is not required to stretch.
9. The overlapping distance between the two adjacent devices is short (not more than 3 m), the left and right spacing distance is large, the external dimension is thin, long, narrow and short, and the two adjacent devices are not interfered with other devices during operation, and are convenient to maintain.
10. The buffer hopper is arranged at the tail part, so that the peak value of the transportation quantity is reduced, and the power, the manufacturing cost and the operation cost of the lower-level transportation equipment are saved.
In summary, the application of the automatic telescopic belt conveyor increases the production efficiency of the system, reduces the production cost, and thoroughly solves the problem of difficult transfer in the system.
Claims (4)
1. An automatic flexible belt feeder, its characterized in that: the device comprises a steel truss train, a transition train (84), a telescopic train (85), a receiving navigation tractor (83) and an adhesive tape (80), wherein the steel truss train, the transition train (84), the telescopic train (85) and the receiving navigation tractor (83) are hinged by a hinged seat (32) and a pressure spring device (33) in sequence, and the pressure spring device (33) is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the hinged seat (32); the steel truss train comprises a navigation head (81) and a plurality of steel truss trolleys (82), wherein the steel truss trolleys (82) at the ends and the navigation head (81) are hinged by adopting a hinge seat (32) and a pressure spring device (33), the pressure spring device (33) is symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the hinge seat (32), the front end of the navigation head (81) and the tail end of a receiving navigation tractor (83) are respectively provided with an unmanned steering mechanism (2), the navigation head (81), the steel truss trolleys (82), a transition train (84), a telescopic train (85) and the lower wheels of the receiving navigation tractor (83) are respectively provided with a wheel balance mechanism (3), all the wheel balance mechanisms (3) are communicated by a communication oil pipe (59), and the adhesive tape (80) is arranged on the steel truss, the transition train (84), the telescopic train (85) and the receiving navigation tractor (83);
The transition train (84) comprises a plurality of transition gun cars, wherein each transition gun car comprises a frame I (34), a wheel balance mechanism (3), driven wheel shafts (15) and a transition carrier roller set (35), the driven wheel shafts (15) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the frame I (34), the wheel balance mechanism (3) is arranged on the driven wheel shafts (15), the transition carrier roller set (35) comprises a plurality of groups of transition carrier rollers with different heights, and the transition carrier rollers are arranged on the left side and the right side above the frame I (34) from high to low; the transition gun carriages are sequentially hinged by a hinge seat (32), and transition carrier roller groups (35) on the transition gun carriages are sequentially arranged from high to low;
the telescopic train (85) comprises a plurality of telescopic vehicles hinged with each other, each telescopic vehicle comprises a frame II (36), a telescopic arm (37), a linear motion ball bearing (38), a front cross arm (39), a rear cross arm (40), wheels (41), a wheel balance mechanism (3) and carrier rollers (42), the wheel balance mechanism (3) is welded on the left side and the right side of the frame II (36), the wheels (41) are arranged on the wheel balance mechanism (3), the linear motion ball bearings (38) and the telescopic arms (37) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end and the rear end of the frame II (36), the telescopic arms (37) penetrate through the linear motion ball bearings (38), one end shaft shoulders of the telescopic arms (37) are clamped with the linear motion ball bearings (38) and cannot extend completely, the other ends of the telescopic arms (37) are respectively provided with the front cross arm (39) and the rear cross arm (40), and the carrier rollers (42) are vertically arranged on the left side and the right side above the frame II (36); the front cross arm (39) of one telescopic car is connected with the rear cross arm (40) of the other telescopic car through a pin shaft;
The receiving navigation tractor comprises an unmanned steering mechanism (2), a buffer carrier roller (43), a buffer hopper (44), a motor driving wheel shaft (45), a frame III (46), a driven steering wheel shaft (47), a direction-changing roller (48) and a counterweight (49), wherein the unmanned steering mechanism (2) is arranged at the tail end of the frame III (46), the driven steering wheel shaft (47) is arranged below the unmanned steering mechanism (2), the motor driving wheel shaft (45) is arranged below the front end of the frame III (46), a plurality of buffer carrier rollers (43) are arranged at the left side and the right side above the frame III (46) at intervals along the length direction of the frame III (46), the buffer hopper (44) is arranged above the buffer carrier roller (43), the direction-changing roller (48) is arranged at the rear end of the buffer carrier roller (43) above the frame III (46), and the counterweight (49) is arranged at the front end of the frame III (46);
the wheel balancing mechanism comprises a plurality of oil cylinder suspensions symmetrically welded on two sides of a vehicle frame, wherein each oil cylinder suspension comprises a wheel shaft frame (50), a fixing frame (51) and a balancing cylinder (52), each balancing cylinder (52) comprises a cylinder body (53) and a piston rod (54), one end of each piston rod (54) is arranged in each cylinder body (53) and forms a closed oil cavity (55) with each cylinder body (53), the other end of each piston rod (54) extends out of each cylinder body (53), each balancing cylinder (52) is fixed below the corresponding fixing frame (51), one end of each wheel shaft frame (50) is hinged with the corresponding fixing frame (51) through a hinge shaft A (56), and the middle of each balancing cylinder is hinged with the corresponding piston rod (54) through a hinge shaft B (57); a one-way oil supplementing valve (58) is arranged at the top of a balance cylinder (52) hung by one oil cylinder, the one-way oil supplementing valve (58) is communicated with an oil cavity (55) of the balance cylinder (52), and all the oil cylinder hanging is communicated through a communication oil pipe (59);
The unmanned steering mechanism (2) comprises an automatic rope winding device (29), a servo gear motor (60), a fixing frame (61), a rolling pressure bearing I (62), a turntable frame (63), a stud bolt (64), a steel sleeve (65), a dust blocking sleeve (66), a pinion (67), an arc-shaped rack (68), a steering wheel shaft (69), a rolling pressure bearing II (70), a dustproof gasket (71), a locking plate (72), a direction sensor (73) and a speed sensor (74), wherein the rolling pressure bearing I (62), the dust blocking sleeve (66), the steel sleeve (65), the rolling pressure bearing II (70) and the dustproof gasket (71) are arranged in the middle base of the turntable frame (63), the upper part of the steel sleeve (65) penetrates out of the fixing frame (61), a locking plate (72) is arranged at the upper part of the steel sleeve (65), two ends of the stud bolt (64) respectively penetrate through round holes in the middle of the turntable frame (63) and the locking plate (72) to fix the turntable frame (63) in the middle of the fixing frame (61), the left side of the turntable frame (63) is provided with a left round hole, the left side of the turntable frame (63) is provided with the left side of the locking plate (72), the left side of the turntable frame (63) is provided with the pinion (68) is provided with the left side of the turntable frame (63), the pinion (68) is meshed with the arc-shaped rack (67), a steering wheel shaft (69) is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the turntable frame (63), an automatic rope winding device (29) is arranged at the front end of the fixed frame (61), and a direction sensor (73) and a speed sensor (74) are arranged on the automatic rope winding device (29).
2. An automatic telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 1, wherein: the steel truss gun carriage comprises a steel truss, a supporting oil cylinder (14), a driving wheel shaft (4), a driven wheel shaft (15) and a wheel balance mechanism (3), wherein the steel truss is formed by connecting two sections of belt storage bin frames (16) through an upper clamping plate (17) and a side clamping plate (18), the supporting oil cylinder (14) is respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the steel truss, the driving wheel shaft (4) or the driven wheel shaft (15) is respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the middle of the steel truss, the wheel balance mechanism (3) is respectively installed on the driving wheel shaft (4) or the driven wheel shaft (15), an electric control box (19), a bend pulley A (20), bend pulley B (21), a plurality of carrier roller carriages (22), a traveling carriage (23), a front pulley block (24), a rear pulley block (25), a constant tension winch (26), guide wheels (27) and a pump station system (28) are sequentially connected in series through an automatic rope winding device (29), the front end of the rear carrier roller carriage (22) is connected with the belt storage bin frames (16) in series, and the left side and the right side of the carrier roller carriage (16) is connected with the left side of the steel truss frame (31) in series along the length of the left side of the steel truss frame (23) which is connected in series.
3. An automatic telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 1, wherein: the navigation machine head comprises a head frame (1), an unmanned steering mechanism (2), a wheel balancing mechanism (3), a driving wheel shaft (4), a speed reducing roller (5), a gear box (6), a hydraulic coupler (7), a motor (8), a discharging frame (9), a carrier roller set (10), a head guide groove (11), a discharging roller (12) and a head cleaner (13), wherein the unmanned steering mechanism (2) and the wheel balancing mechanism (3) are arranged at the front end of the head frame (1), the wheel balancing mechanism (3) and the driving wheel shaft (4) are arranged at the rear end of the head frame (1), the speed reducing roller (5), the hydraulic coupler (7) and the motor (8) are arranged in the head frame (1), one side of the head frame (1) is provided with the gear box (6), one end of the gear box (6) is connected with one end of the speed reducing roller (5), the other end of the gear box (6) is connected with one end of the hydraulic coupler (7) and the other end of the motor (8), the discharging frame (9) is arranged above the head frame (1), the left side and right side above the head frame (9) is provided with the driving shaft of the hydraulic coupler (8) and the hydraulic coupler (9) along the length direction of the discharging frame (9), the front of the upper carrier roller group (10) of the unloading frame (9) is provided with a head guide groove (11), an unloading roller (12) and a head cleaner (13) in sequence.
4. An automatic telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 2, wherein: the automatic rope winding device (29) comprises a tile seat (75), a winding drum (76), a steel wire rope (77), a shaft (78) and a scroll spring (79), wherein the scroll spring (79) and the winding drum (76) are sequentially sleeved on the shaft (78), one end of the scroll spring (79) is fixed with the shaft (78), the other end of the scroll spring is fixed with the winding drum (76), the steel wire rope (77) is wound on the winding drum (76), one end of the steel wire rope (77) is fixed with the winding drum (76), the other end of the steel wire rope is a free end, and the tile seat (75) is arranged at two ends of the shaft (78).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611034711.6A CN106477244B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Automatic telescopic belt conveyor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611034711.6A CN106477244B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Automatic telescopic belt conveyor |
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| CN106477244A CN106477244A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106477244B true CN106477244B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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| CN201611034711.6A Active CN106477244B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Automatic telescopic belt conveyor |
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| CN107902338B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2024-01-09 | 宁夏天地西北煤机有限公司 | Movable telescopic belt conveyor for strip mine |
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| CN109969683A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-05 | 日昌升集团有限公司 | A kind of certainly mobile flexible belt machine |
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