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CN106393890B - 一种超软质环保型tpo汽车内饰材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种超软质环保型tpo汽车内饰材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106393890B
CN106393890B CN201610769461.4A CN201610769461A CN106393890B CN 106393890 B CN106393890 B CN 106393890B CN 201610769461 A CN201610769461 A CN 201610769461A CN 106393890 B CN106393890 B CN 106393890B
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
rubber
soft
ultra
tpo
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CN106393890A (zh
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李帅
陈红梅
滕大勇
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Benecke Changshun Automotive Interior Materials Zhangjiagang Co ltd
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Benecke Changshun Automotive Interior Materials (zhangjiagang) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，TPO表皮层包括：10‑40份低密度聚乙烯，10‑40份聚丙烯，10‑40份增粘树脂，30‑60份橡胶，1‑5份助剂，0‑10份无机填料，2‑5份色母粒，海绵层包括：35‑60份聚丙烯，40‑55份增韧材料，15‑25份橡胶，20‑30份发泡剂。本发明用软质TPO表皮、软质海绵配方，提升了内饰材料的柔软手感，增加了产品的舒适度，并且用软质水性聚氨酯油漆进行表面涂覆，复合软质海绵，三层结构均提高了材料的柔软性能，降低了产品的密度，满足产品轻量化的需求，降低了车内材料VOC含量，提高了产品的环保性。

Description

一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车内饰材料领域，具体涉及一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在汽车内饰设计中，为了使仪表盘，门板等达到一定的手感及美观效果，通常会在其骨架上面做一些处理，目前主流的方法主要是：搪塑，聚氨酯喷涂或直接使用ABS表皮。
以仪表盘内饰材料为例，软质材料可选搪塑聚氯乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体材料等。聚丙烯注塑件无论从质感还是外观，与软质材料差距很大。另一方面，搪塑PVC的模具寿命一般较短，而且内饰材料中含有卤素和增塑剂，不够环保；聚烯烃弹性体材料具有可以回收、轻量化且环保的特性，成为新型的汽车内饰材料，为国内汽车厂商提供了汽车内饰材料新的解决方案，但其手感与搪塑PVC产品相比偏硬，硬度偏高。
ABS则为常用的硬质塑料，PVC为主体的搪塑工艺虽说价格便宜，也可以给门板仪表盘带来良好的手感，但其过程控制差以及带来的气味大，VOC高也是难以解决的问题。聚氨酯喷涂也易带来厚度不均的问题；ABS表面做为内饰表皮，出现手感差的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的以上问题，提供一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，本发明的内饰材料是一种软质的、轻量化的、低VOC的TPO内饰材料，用挤出法挤出软质TPO表皮，之后表面处理，复合聚烯烃软质海绵，最终制得的软质聚烯烃弹性体材料。由于使用软质TPO表皮配方以及软质海绵配方，最终产品的手感和舒适度有了大幅提高，解决了传统TPO材料硬度偏高、手感偏硬的缺点，符合消费者对内饰材料的软手感，软触感，高档次的要求。
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其由上到下依次包括：油漆层、TPO表皮层、海绵层，按照重量份数计，所述TPO表皮层包括：
所述海绵层包括：
进一步地，所述TPO表皮层中的橡胶包括：三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯辛烯橡胶、乙烯丁烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯橡胶；所述海绵层的橡胶包括：丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶。
进一步地，所述增粘树脂包括松香树脂、萜烯树脂、烃类树脂，所述增粘树脂的环球软化点为140-150℃。
进一步地，所述助剂包括：金属皂类、酚类、硬脂酸复合酯、亚磷酸。
进一步地，所述无机填料包括：滑石粉、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、蒙脱土、纳米玻璃微球，所述无机填料的粒径为3000-4000目。
进一步地，所述发泡剂包括：
进一步地，所述增韧材料包括：聚烯烃弹性体POE、共聚物SEPS、发泡聚苯乙烯，所述聚烯烃弹性体POE为丁烯与聚烯烃树脂形成的橡胶，所述共聚物SEPS为苯乙烯与共轭二烯烃组成的嵌段共聚物。
进一步地，一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料制备方法，
步骤一、制备薄膜材料：
S101将TPO表层材料的各组分及色母粒混合均匀，将混合均匀的材料投入二辊开炼机中开炼，制备出1-10mm的薄膜材料；
S102在压延机上将S101中制备的薄膜材料压制，制得薄膜，薄膜的厚度小于0.8mm；
S103对S102中制备的薄膜材料表面进行电晕处理，电晕处理后的薄膜增加了表面极性；
步骤二、制备水性聚氨酯涂层材料：
S201按照重量份数计准备各组分，将60-75份水性聚氨酯分散体，0.5-1.5份聚氨酯增稠剂，0.1-0.5份异氰酸酯类固化剂，10-40份水，0.5-2份二氧化硅；
S202将水性聚氨酯分散体、二氧化硅和水混合搅拌均匀；
S203将聚氨酯增稠剂加入S202中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
S204将异氰酸酯类固化剂加入S203中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
步骤三、将步骤一中制备的薄膜材料表面涂上一层均匀的步骤二中制备的聚氨酯涂层，然后烘干，得到汽车内饰材料。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的内饰材料是一种软质的、轻量化的、低VOC的TPO内饰材料，用挤出法挤出软质TPO表皮，之后表面处理，复合聚烯烃软质海绵，最终制得的软质聚烯烃弹性体材料。由于使用软质TPO表皮配方以及软质海绵配方，最终产品的手感和舒适度有了大幅提高，解决了传统TPO材料硬度偏高、手感偏硬的缺点，符合消费者对内饰材料的软手感，软触感，高档次的要求。
本发明用软质TPO表皮、软质海绵配方，提升了内饰材料的柔软手感，增加了产品的舒适度，并且用软质水性聚氨酯油漆进行表面涂覆，复合软质海绵，三层结构均提高了材料的柔软性能，降低了产品的密度，满足产品轻量化的需求，降低了车内材料VOC含量，提高了产品的环保性。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。本发明的具体实施方式由以下实施例及其附图详细给出。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明材料的显微放大结构示意图；
其中，1-油漆层、2-TPO表皮层、3-海绵层、4-基层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例中公开一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其由上到下依次包括：油漆层1、TPO表皮层2、海绵层3、基层4，本实施例中采用软质TPO表皮、软质海绵配方，提升了内饰材料的柔软手感，增加了产品的舒适度，并且用软质水性聚氨酯油漆进行表面涂覆，复合软质海绵，三层结构均提高了材料的柔软性能，降低了产品的密度，满足产品轻量化的需求，降低了车内材料VOC含量，提高了产品的环保性。
其中，按照重量份数计，上述TPO表皮层包括：
上述海绵层包括：
其中，上述TPO表皮层中的橡胶包括：三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯辛烯橡胶、乙烯丁烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯橡胶；上述海绵层的橡胶包括：丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶。
上述增粘树脂包括松香树脂、萜烯树脂、烃类树脂，上述增粘树脂的环球软化点为140-150℃。
上述助剂包括：金属皂类、酚类、硬脂酸复合酯、亚磷酸。
上述无机填料包括：滑石粉、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、蒙脱土、纳米玻璃微球，上述无机填料的粒径为3000目。
上述发泡剂包括：
上述增韧材料包括：聚烯烃弹性体POE、共聚物SEPS、发泡聚苯乙烯，上述聚烯烃弹性体POE为丁烯与聚烯烃树脂形成的橡胶，上述共聚物SEPS为苯乙烯与共轭二烯烃组成的嵌段共聚物。
一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料制备方法，
步骤一、制备薄膜材料：
S101将TPO表层材料的各组分及色母粒混合均匀，将混合均匀的材料投入二辊开炼机中开炼，制备出1-10mm的薄膜材料；
S102在压延机上将S101中制备的薄膜材料压制，制得薄膜，薄膜的厚度小于0.8mm；
S103对S102中制备的薄膜材料表面进行电晕处理，电晕处理后的薄膜增加了表面极性；
步骤二、制备水性聚氨酯涂层材料：
S201按照重量份数计准备各组分，将60份水性聚氨酯分散体，0.5份聚氨酯增稠剂，0.1份异氰酸酯类固化剂，10份水，0.5份二氧化硅；
S202将水性聚氨酯分散体、二氧化硅和水混合搅拌均匀；
S203将聚氨酯增稠剂加入S202中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
S204将异氰酸酯类固化剂加入S203中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
步骤三、将步骤一中制备的薄膜材料表面涂上一层均匀的步骤二中制备的聚氨酯涂层，然后烘干，得到汽车内饰材料。
实施例2
其中，上述TPO表皮层包括：
上述海绵层包括：
其中，上述TPO表皮层中的橡胶包括：三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯辛烯橡胶、乙烯丁烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯橡胶；上述海绵层的橡胶包括：丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶。
上述增粘树脂包括松香树脂、萜烯树脂、烃类树脂，上述增粘树脂的环球软化点为140-150℃。
上述助剂包括：金属皂类、酚类、硬脂酸复合酯、亚磷酸。
上述无机填料包括：滑石粉、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、蒙脱土、纳米玻璃微球，上述无机填料的粒径为3500目。
上述发泡剂包括：
上述增韧材料包括：聚烯烃弹性体POE、共聚物SEPS、发泡聚苯乙烯，上述聚烯烃弹性体POE为丁烯与聚烯烃树脂形成的橡胶，上述共聚物SEPS为苯乙烯与共轭二烯烃组成的嵌段共聚物。
一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料制备方法，
步骤一、制备薄膜材料：
S101将TPO表层材料的各组分及色母粒混合均匀，将混合均匀的材料投入二辊开炼机中开炼，制备出1-10mm的薄膜材料；
S102在压延机上将S101中制备的薄膜材料压制，制得薄膜，薄膜的厚度小于0.8mm；
S103对S102中制备的薄膜材料表面进行电晕处理，电晕处理后的薄膜增加了表面极性；
步骤二、制备水性聚氨酯涂层材料：
S201按照重量份数计准备各组分，将65份水性聚氨酯分散体，1份聚氨酯增稠剂，0.3份异氰酸酯类固化剂，30份水，1.7份二氧化硅；
S202将水性聚氨酯分散体、二氧化硅和水混合搅拌均匀；
S203将聚氨酯增稠剂加入S202中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
S204将异氰酸酯类固化剂加入S203中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
步骤三、将步骤一中制备的薄膜材料表面涂上一层均匀的步骤二中制备的聚氨酯涂层，然后烘干，得到汽车内饰材料。
实施例3
其中，上述TPO表皮层包括：
上述海绵层包括：
其中，上述TPO表皮层中的橡胶包括：三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯辛烯橡胶、乙烯丁烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯橡胶；上述海绵层的橡胶包括：丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶。
上述增粘树脂包括松香树脂、萜烯树脂、烃类树脂，上述增粘树脂的环球软化点为140-150℃。
上述助剂包括：金属皂类、酚类、硬脂酸复合酯、亚磷酸。
上述无机填料包括：滑石粉、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、蒙脱土、纳米玻璃微球，上述无机填料的粒径为4000目。
上述发泡剂包括：
其中，上述增韧材料包括：聚烯烃弹性体POE、共聚物SEPS、发泡聚苯乙烯，上述聚烯烃弹性体POE为丁烯与聚烯烃树脂形成的橡胶，上述共聚物SEPS为苯乙烯与共轭二烯烃组成的嵌段共聚物。
一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料制备方法，
步骤一、制备薄膜材料：
S101将TPO表层材料的各组分及色母粒混合均匀，将混合均匀的材料投入二辊开炼机中开炼，制备出1-10mm的薄膜材料；
S102在压延机上将S101中制备的薄膜材料压制，制得薄膜，薄膜的厚度小于0.8mm；
S103对S102中制备的薄膜材料表面进行电晕处理，电晕处理后的薄膜增加了表面极性；
步骤二、制备水性聚氨酯涂层材料：
S201按照重量份数计准备各组分，将75份水性聚氨酯分散体，1.5份聚氨酯增稠剂，0.5份异氰酸酯类固化剂，40份水，2份二氧化硅；
S202将水性聚氨酯分散体、二氧化硅和水混合搅拌均匀；
S203将聚氨酯增稠剂加入S202中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
S204将异氰酸酯类固化剂加入S203中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
步骤三、将步骤一中制备的薄膜材料表面涂上一层均匀的步骤二中制备的聚氨酯涂层，然后烘干，得到汽车内饰材料。
本发明的内饰材料是一种软质的、轻量化的、低VOC的TPO内饰材料，用挤出法挤出软质TPO表皮，之后表面处理，复合聚烯烃软质海绵，最终制得的软质聚烯烃弹性体材料。由于使用软质TPO表皮配方以及软质海绵配方，最终产品的手感和舒适度有了大幅提高，解决了传统TPO材料硬度偏高、手感偏硬的缺点，符合消费者对内饰材料的软手感，软触感，高档次的要求。
本发明用软质TPO表皮、软质海绵配方，提升了内饰材料的柔软手感，增加了产品的舒适度，并且用软质水性聚氨酯油漆进行表面涂覆，复合软质海绵，三层结构均提高了材料的柔软性能，降低了产品的密度，满足产品轻量化的需求，降低了车内材料VOC含量，提高了产品的环保性。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其由上到下依次包括：油漆层、TPO表皮层、海绵层，其特征在于，按照重量份数计，所述TPO表皮层包括：
所述海绵层包括：
2.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述TPO表皮层中的橡胶包括：三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯辛烯橡胶、乙烯丁烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯橡胶；所述海绵层的橡胶包括：丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述增粘树脂包括松香树脂、萜烯树脂、烃类树脂，所述增粘树脂的环球软化点为140-150℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述助剂包括：金属皂类、酚类、硬脂酸复合酯、亚磷酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述无机填料包括：滑石粉、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、蒙脱土、纳米玻璃微球，所述无机填料的粒径为3000-4000目。
6.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂包括：
7.根据权利要求1所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料，其特征在于，所述增韧材料包括：聚烯烃弹性体POE、共聚物SEPS、发泡聚苯乙烯，所述聚烯烃弹性体POE为丁烯与聚烯烃树脂形成的橡胶，所述共聚物SEPS为苯乙烯与共轭二烯烃组成的嵌段共聚物。
8.一种权利要求1-7任意一项中所述的超软质环保型TPO汽车内饰材料制备方法，其特征在于，
步骤一、制备薄膜材料：
S101将TPO表层材料的各组分及色母粒混合均匀，将混合均匀的材料投入二辊开炼机中开炼，制备出1-10mm的薄膜材料；
S102在压延机上将S101中制备的薄膜材料压制，制得薄膜，薄膜的厚度小于0.8mm；
S103对S102中制备的薄膜材料表面进行电晕处理，电晕处理后的薄膜增加了表面极性；
步骤二、制备水性聚氨酯涂层材料：
S 201按照重量份数计准备各组分，将60-75份水性聚氨酯分散体，0.5-1.5份聚氨酯增稠剂，0.1-0.5份异氰酸酯类固化剂，10-40份水，0.5-2份二氧化硅；
S 202将水性聚氨酯分散体、二氧化硅和水混合搅拌均匀；
S 203将聚氨酯增稠剂加入S 202中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
S 204将异氰酸酯类固化剂加入S 203中的混合溶液中，充分搅拌均匀；
步骤三、将步骤一中制备的薄膜材料表面涂上一层均匀的步骤二中制备的聚氨酯涂层，然后烘干；
步骤四、将步骤三制备的材料在复合设备上与软质发泡海绵复合，得到汽车内饰材料。
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