CN106385051B - A distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal and method - Google Patents

Abstract

It further include the communication unit, man-machine interaction unit, storage unit being connected respectively with main control unit the invention discloses a kind of distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal and method, including main control unit；Communication unit is dealt into control centre, is also used to receive interaction time section and mutual momentum C that main website server issues for acquiring the power information of photovoltaic power station and the interaction wish of photovoltaic power station_set, participate in interaction when electricity price；Man-machine interaction unit, the interaction time section and mutual momentum C that the main website server for display scheduling center issues_set, participate in interaction when electricity price, the power information of photovoltaic power station；Main control unit, for according to interaction time section and mutual momentum C_setCalculate the mutual momentum that photovoltaic power station may participate in；Storage unit, the data information for being generated in interactive process.The present invention can satisfy the two-way communication demand of distributed photovoltaic and main website server, can be used to implement power distribution network and is interacted with photovoltaic power station based on what tou power price and subsidy motivated.

Description

A distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal and method

technical field

The present invention relates to an interactive terminal and method, in particular to a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal and method.

Background technique

In the process of economic development, along with the consumption of energy, the resource demand structure with fossil energy as the main body will damage the earth's environment, which is the 3E problem. The way to solve the 3E problem is to rely on the development of clean energy technology to achieve energy, A virtuous circle of environment and economy. Compared with fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, solar energy is an ideal renewable green energy due to its huge energy storage capacity, ubiquity, and economy.

Photovoltaic power generation systems usually include solar cell components, storage batteries, and charge and discharge controllers. If there is an AC load or it is integrated into the grid, a different inverter needs to be configured. Photovoltaic cells convert solar energy directly into electricity. These cells are made of semiconductors such as crystalline silicon or thin-film materials. The DC power generated by the photovoltaic system can either be stored in a battery or converted to AC power by an inverter to power residents or businesses. Photovoltaic systems consist of semiconductor cells that absorb sunlight and convert it into direct current. Multiple cells are packaged in a "module" and interconnected to form a photovoltaic "array." The generated direct current can be converted to alternating current by an "inverter", which can be used in most homes and businesses, and can be connected to a large grid.

The core feature of distributed generation is "local consumption". At present, 90% of the global power load is provided by a centralized and single power system, which is mainly characterized by large units, high power supply, and large power grids. However, due to its inherent weaknesses, the stacked power supply system can no longer meet the load's increasingly high requirements for power supply quality and reliability. From the perspective of safety, any disturbance caused by accidental drop in the large power grid will affect the entire power grid, and may even cause large-scale power outages or even collapse of the entire grid. From an economic point of view, the centralized power supply system needs to build a large number of high-cost generator sets in order to adjust the short-term power supply peak, which is economically unreasonable. The combination of large power grid and distributed system can not only improve the flexibility and safety of the system, but also save investment.

The grid-connected photovoltaic system distributed in buildings such as residences, office buildings and factories is the mainstream application form of the entire market. The development of distributed photovoltaic power generation and the encouragement of self-generation and self-use can not only meet a large number of local consumption needs, but also reduce the cost of power transmission. At the same time, it can more effectively expand the domestic photovoltaic market and alleviate the difficulties faced by photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises. main development direction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal and method, which can meet the two-way communication requirements between distributed photovoltaics and the main station server, and can be used to realize the time-sharing based on the distribution network and the distributed photovoltaic power station. The interaction of electricity prices and subsidy incentives. In the design of the interaction mechanism, both the optimal dispatch of distributed photovoltaic power plants with the goal of optimal economy under the time-of-use electricity price, the electricity price interaction mechanism on a longer time scale is considered; Under the interactive demand, the incentive policy based on interactive subsidies. In the interaction based on electricity price, the goal of minimizing the operating cost of distributed photovoltaics is realized, and the “peak shaving and valley filling” demand of the distribution network can be responded to with high reliability; in the interaction based on incentives, a timely response to the interaction between the distribution network and even the transmission network can be realized. need. In order to achieve the goal of improving the operating efficiency of the distribution network.

To achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose and achieve the above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal, comprising a communication unit, a human-computer interaction unit, a storage unit and a main control unit; the communication unit, the human-computer interaction unit and the storage unit are respectively connected with the main control unit;

The communication unit is used to collect the power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station in the mining system and the interactive willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power station in the human-computer interaction unit, and send them to the master station server of the dispatch center, and also use the In receiving the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatch center and the electricity price when participating in the interaction, wherein the interactive instruction includes the interactive time period and the interactive amount C _set ;

The human-computer interaction unit is used to display the interactive instructions issued by the master station server of the dispatch center, the electricity price when participating in the interaction, and the electricity consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, and collect the interactive willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power station;

The main control unit is used to calculate the interactive amount that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to the interactive instruction issued by the main station server of the dispatch center;

The storage unit is used to store the power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, the interactive instructions issued by the master station server of the dispatch center, the electricity price when participating in the interaction, and the interactive amount that the distributed photovoltaic can participate in.

The main control unit includes: an MCU control module, a power management module, a clock chip and a distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module;

The MCU control module is respectively connected with the power management module, the clock chip and the distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module, and the MCU control module is also connected with the communication unit, the human-computer interaction unit and the storage unit respectively;

The power management module is used to supply power to each module of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

The clock chip user provides a clock signal to the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

The distributed photovoltaic power station interactive dispatching module is connected with the MCU control module, and is used for calculating the interactive quantity that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatching center.

The communication unit includes: a first communication module and a second communication module; the first communication module is used for data interaction with the adoption system; the second communication module is used for wireless communication with the master station server of the dispatch center .

The first communication module is a GPRS module; the data received by the second communication module can only be read after receiving a set enable signal, wherein the enable signal is encoded by Hamming Code.

A distributed photovoltaic interaction method, comprising the following steps:

(1) The master station server of the dispatch center receives the interaction intention uploaded by the distributed photovoltaic power station through the human-computer interaction unit, and issues an interaction instruction, wherein the interaction instruction includes an interaction period and an interaction amount _Cset ;

(2) According to the distributed photovoltaic model, calculate the charge and discharge power P _gen,i of each battery unit of the distributed photovoltaic power station from the actual light and ambient temperature data, where i is 1, 2, 3...24;

(3) Define the optimization objective function model, so that the absolute value of the difference between the interactive quantity C _declare that the user can participate in the interaction and the interactive quantity C _set issued by the power grid dispatch center is the smallest:

min|C _declare -C _set |

in, V _in represents the income obtained by the distributed photovoltaic power station selling electricity to the distribution network when the battery unit is in a discharge state, V _in =P _ES,i *P _unit , where P _ES,i are all positive values; V _out represents the battery unit In the charging state, the cost of the distributed photovoltaic power station to buy electricity from the distribution network, V _out = P _ES,i *P _unit , where P _ES,i are all negative values; V _loss represents various equipment in the distributed photovoltaic power station The natural loss cost of , V _maintain represents the maintenance cost of the equipment in the distributed photovoltaic power station, P _unit is the electricity price when the distributed photovoltaic power station participates in the interaction, and |P _ES,i |≤±20%|P _gen,i |.

(4) Randomly generate N individuals of _NP populations, using real number coding, each individual is composed of the 24h charge and discharge power of the battery, which is represented by the optimization variable X:

X=[P _ES,1 ,P _ES,2 ,...P _ES,24 ];

Among them, P represents the number of battery units in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and i is 1, 2, 3...24;

(5) According to the battery model and the battery operation constraint expression, the optimized variable X is used as the initial value of the charging and discharging power, the actual charging and discharging power P _ES,i of the battery unit is calculated, and the P _ES,i is returned as the correction value to the optimized variable X ; Among them, when P _ES,i is a positive value, it means that it is a discharge power, and when P _ES,i is a negative value, it means that it is a charging power;

(6) Calculate the individual fitness, and according to the fitness, select, cross, and mutate the population individuals to generate a new population, and return the P _ES,i in the new population to the optimization variable X as a correction value;

(7) Repeat step (6) to correct the individual population until the optimal charge-discharge power value is obtained;

(8) According to the optimal charging and discharging power value obtained in step (7), a formula is introduced to calculate the interactive quantity C _declare that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in the interaction.

The interactive quantity C _set issued by the power grid dispatching center is calculated from the collected power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station and the power consumption forecast curve preset in the power grid dispatching center.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention satisfies the two-way communication requirements between the distributed photovoltaic power station and the main station server, and further promotes the distributed photovoltaic power station to participate in the interaction of the power grid. In this way, the peak-to-valley filling is realized, the goal of reducing the peak-to-valley difference of the distribution network and improving the operation efficiency of the distribution network is achieved.

The present invention can be used to realize the interaction between the distribution network and the distributed photovoltaic power station based on time-of-use electricity price and subsidy incentives. The subsidy incentive does not participate in the interaction. When the distributed photovoltaic power station participates in the interaction, the time-of-use electricity price will be used, and the corresponding subsidies will be issued to the photovoltaic power station in combination with the interaction amount of the distributed photovoltaic power station itself and the subsidy incentive algorithm of the distribution network. The time-of-use electricity price is issued by the distribution network, mainly because the electricity price is different for each or certain time periods. Compared with fixed electricity prices, time-of-use electricity prices are more flexible, which in turn can motivate users to participate in interactions during times when electricity prices are low, thereby obtaining subsidies.

The distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal of the present invention has an open man-machine interface, through which the user can not only complete interactive command acceptance and interactive willingness declaration, but also can be used to query historical interactive information and compare and analyze past interactive results. , which helps users adjust the execution plan and better participate in the interaction.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a software architecture diagram of a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a functional structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic time sequence diagram of a second communication module in a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

The application principle of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal 200 includes a communication unit, a human-computer interaction unit 201, a storage unit 203 and a main control unit; the communication unit, the human-computer interaction unit 201 and the storage unit 203 are respectively connected with the main connected to the control unit;

The communication unit is used to collect the power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station in the mining system and the interactive willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power station in the human-computer interaction unit, and send them to the master station server of the dispatch center, and also use the In receiving the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatch center and the electricity price when participating in the interaction, wherein the interactive instruction includes the interactive time period and the interactive amount C _set ;

The human-computer interaction unit 201 is used to display the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatch center, the electricity price when participating in the interaction, and the electricity consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, and collect the interactive willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power station;

The main control unit is used to calculate the interactive amount that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to the interactive instruction issued by the main station server of the dispatch center;

The storage unit 203 is used to store the power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, the interactive instructions issued by the master station server of the dispatch center, the electricity price when participating in the interaction, and the interactive amount that the distributed photovoltaic can participate in.

The main control unit includes: an MCU control module 202, a power management module 208, a clock chip 207 and a distributed photovoltaic interactive scheduling module 206;

The MCU control module 202 is respectively connected with the power management module 208, the clock chip 207 and the distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module 206, and the MCU control module is also connected with the communication unit and the storage unit respectively;

The power management module is used to supply power to each module of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

The clock chip user provides a clock signal to the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

The distributed photovoltaic power station interactive dispatching module is connected in communication with the MCU control module, and is used for calculating the interactive amount that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatching center.

The communication unit includes: a first communication module 204 and a second communication module 205; the first communication module is used for data interaction with the adoption system 300; the second communication module is used for wireless communication with the main station server . Preferably, the first communication module may adopt a GPRS communication module.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a schematic diagram of the time sequence of the second communication module of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal, since the data transmission rate of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal is not high, but its security requirements are high. At present, network security problems are becoming more and more prominent, and information is leaked, lost, or its integrity is destroyed. Specifically, sensitive data is leaked or lost intentionally or unintentionally, or data is deleted, modified, or inserted into other interfering data. In order to avoid data transmission errors, the first communication module (which can also become a dedicated communication module) is used to exchange data and improve the accuracy of data identification. Instead of blindly reading the data sent by the master station, it must be received The data can be read only after the set enable signal. Use Hamming Code to encode the enable signal; for example, if the enable signal is 1100 and the source signal is 10100010, use Hamming Code encoding (Huffman encoding) to encrypt 1100 into 1100001, the final output signal is 110000110100010, as shown in the schematic diagram in Figure 4. The first communication module is a GPRS module.

A distributed photovoltaic interaction method, comprising the following steps:

(1) The master station server of the dispatch center receives the interaction intention uploaded by the distributed photovoltaic power station through the human-computer interaction unit, and then issues an interaction instruction, wherein the interaction instruction includes an interaction period and an interaction amount _Cset ;

(2) According to the distributed photovoltaic model, calculate the charge and discharge power P _gen,i of each battery unit of the distributed photovoltaic power station from the actual light and ambient temperature data, where i is 1, 2, 3...24; this calculation process can be through existing technology;

(3) Define the optimization objective function model, so that the absolute value of the difference between the interactive quantity C _declare that the user can participate in the interaction and the interactive quantity C _set issued by the power grid dispatch center is the smallest:

min|C _declare -C _set |

in, V _in represents the income obtained by the distributed photovoltaic power station selling electricity to the distribution network when the battery unit is in a discharging state, V _in =P _ES,i *P _unit , where P _ES,i are all positive values; V _out represents the battery unit In the charging state, the cost of the distributed photovoltaic power station to buy electricity from the distribution network, V _out = P _ES,i *P _unit , where P _ES,i are all negative values; V _loss represents various equipment in the distributed photovoltaic power station The natural loss cost of (solar panels, controllers, inverters, etc.), V _maintain represents the maintenance cost of the equipment in the distributed photovoltaic power station, P _unit is the electricity price when the distributed photovoltaic power station participates in the interaction, and |P _ES,i |≤±20%| _Pgen,i |;

(4) Randomly generate N individuals of _NP populations, using real number coding, each individual is composed of the 24h charge and discharge power of the battery, which is represented by the optimization variable X:

X=[P _ES,1 ,P _ES,2 ,...P _ES,24 ];

Among them, P represents the number of battery generator units in the photovoltaic power station, and i is 1, 2, 3...24;

(5) According to the battery model and the battery operation constraint expression, the optimized variable X is used as the initial value of the charging and discharging power, the actual charging and discharging power P _ES,i of the battery unit is calculated, and the P _ES,i is returned as the correction value to the optimized variable X ;

(6) Calculate the individual fitness, and select, cross, and mutate the population individuals according to the fitness to generate a new population, and perform migration operations at fixed algebraic intervals, and return P _ES,i as a correction value to the optimization variable X;

(7) Repeat step (6) to correct the individual population until the optimal charge-discharge power value is obtained;

(8) According to the optimal charging and discharging power value obtained in step (7), a formula is introduced to calculate the interactive quantity C _declare that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in the interaction.

The interactive quantity C _set issued by the power grid dispatching center is calculated from the collected power consumption information of the distributed photovoltaic power station and the power consumption forecast curve preset in the power grid dispatching center. The preset electricity consumption prediction curve adopts the electricity consumption prediction curve commonly used in the current distribution network center. The calculation process of the interaction quantity C _set issued by the power grid dispatching center is also the method of the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

During the operation of the battery, the state of charge should be kept within a certain range. Larger charge and discharge current, overcharge or overdischarge of the battery will cause damage to the battery. Therefore, the three indicators of charge and discharge current, voltage and SOC of the battery need to meet certain constraints. In the step 4, the battery model adopts the common battery model in the prior art, and the operation constraint formula is specifically:

①Battery terminal current constraint:

I _charge <MaxI _charge

I _discharge <MaxI _discharge

Among them, I _charge and I _discharge are the charging and discharging currents of the battery, respectively, and MaxI _charge and MaxI _discharge are the maximum charging and discharging allowable currents of the battery, respectively;

②Battery terminal voltage constraints:

MinV _battery ＜V＜MaxV _battery

When the battery terminal voltage V is higher than MaxV _battery or lower than MinV _battery , it will affect the battery life.

③Battery current constraints:

MinSOC _bat <SOC < MaxSOC _bat

That is, the state of charge SOC of the battery must be between the allowable minimum SOC (MinSOC _bat ) and the maximum SOC (MaxSOC _bat ).

In the process of solving the optimization objective function model, including equality constraints and inequality constraints, specifically:

The equality constraints include: a power balance equation, specifically:

The sum of distributed photovoltaic power and load power is equal to the distributed photovoltaic tie line power:

Q _out =(P _L +P _ES,C -P _DG )Δt

Q _in =(P _ES,D +P _DG -P _L )Δt

P _DP +P _DG +P _ES,D =P _L +P _ES,C

In the formula, Q _out is the electricity purchased by the distributed photovoltaic power station, Q _in is the electricity sold by the distributed photovoltaic power station, _PL is the total load power of the distributed photovoltaic power station, P _{ES, C} is the charging power of the battery unit, P _DG is the total output of the distributed photovoltaic power station, P _{ES, D} is the discharge power of the battery unit, and P _DP is the exchange power at the connection port between the distributed photovoltaic power station and the distribution network;

The inequality constraints include: the upper and lower limits of the total output of the distributed photovoltaic power station, and the upper and lower limits of the charging and discharging of the battery unit, specifically:

P _DG,min <P _DG <P _DG,max

Among them, P _DG,min is the lower limit of the total output of distributed photovoltaic power plants, P _DG,max is the upper limit of the total output of distributed photovoltaic power plants, The upper limit of charging for the battery pack, It is the upper discharge limit of the battery pack.

At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the battery unit can only be in the charging or discharging state at the same time, and the distributed photovoltaic can only be in the condition of buying or selling electricity from the grid:

P _ES,D,t *P _ES,C,t =0

P _buy,t *P _sell,t = 0

P _buy =P _L +P _ES,C -P _DG

P _sell =P _ES,D +P _DG -P _L

Among them: P _ES,D,t is the discharge power of the battery at time t, P _ES,C,t is the charging power of the battery at time t, P _buy,t is the power purchased by the user from the grid at time t, P _sell,t Represents the power sold by the user to the grid at time t, P _buy represents the power purchased by the user from the grid, and P _sell represents the power purchased by the user from the grid.

As shown in Figure 2, it is the overall software architecture of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal. The bottom layer of the software system is composed of boot programs, configuration files, device drivers and upper-layer interfaces to realize the connection between the operating system and the hardware system; Linux is used as the software of this project. The lower-level operating system needs to transplant the Linux system kernel, build the file system, implement device management, service management, graphics window management and event system in the interactive terminal. According to the specific needs of users, realize each functional module, including communication module, data management and data processing module, pattern library module, interface management module, etc.

As shown in Figure 3, the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal also has the following functions, including:

1) User registration information maintenance

Display basic user information. Including: user name, user ID, user type, etc.

2) Receive and display user interaction time period and interaction volume instructions

The terminal can receive the interactive time period and interactive quantity instructions issued by the monitoring master station, and have a voice reminder function after receiving it, and display it prominently.

3) User electricity price information query

The terminal can display the electricity price and electricity consumption in different time periods.

4) Query the historical information of the user's electricity consumption plan

It has the conditions to query by date.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal which characterized in that: the system comprises a communication unit, a man-machine interaction unit, a storage unit and a main control unit; the communication unit, the man-machine interaction unit and the storage unit are respectively connected with the main control unit;

the communication unit is used for collecting power utilization information of the distributed photovoltaic power stations in the utilization and acquisition system and interaction willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power stations in the man-machine interaction unit, sending the power utilization information and the interaction willingness to the master station server of the dispatching center, and receiving interaction instructions sent by the master station server of the dispatching center and interaction instructions during interactionElectricity price, wherein the interaction instruction comprises an interaction time period and an interaction amount C_set；

The man-machine interaction unit is used for displaying an interaction instruction issued by a master station server of the dispatching center, electricity prices when the interaction is participated and electricity utilization information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, and acquiring interaction willingness of the distributed photovoltaic power station;

the main control unit is used for calculating the interactive amount which the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to the interactive instruction issued by the master station server of the dispatching center; the specific process of calculating the amount of interaction that the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in is as follows:

(1) calculating the charge and discharge power P of each storage battery unit of the distributed photovoltaic power station according to the distributed photovoltaic model and the actual illumination and environment temperature data_gen,iWherein i is 1, 2, 3 … … 24;

(2) an amount of interaction C defining an optimized objective function model such that users can participate in the interaction_declareAnd the mutual quantity C issued by the power grid dispatching center_setThe absolute value of the difference between is minimal:

min|C_declare-C_set|

wherein,V_inthe method represents the income obtained by the distributed photovoltaic power station from power selling of the power distribution network when the storage battery unit is in a discharging state, V_in＝P_ES,i*P_unitIn which P is_ES,iTaking positive values; v_outThe cost V of electricity buying from the power distribution network by the distributed photovoltaic power station is shown when the storage battery unit is in a charging state_out＝P_ES,i*P_unitIn which P is_ES,iTaking negative values; v_lossRepresenting the natural loss cost, V, of various devices in a distributed photovoltaic power plant_maintainRepresenting maintenance costs, P, of equipment in a distributed photovoltaic power plant_unitIs the electricity price when the distributed photovoltaic power station participates in the interaction, and | P_ES,i|≤±20％|P_gen,i|；

(3) Randomly generating N_PN individuals of each population, each individual being encoded by a real numberThe device consists of 24h charge and discharge power of a storage battery, and is represented by an optimized variable X:

X＝[P_ES,1,P_ES,2,…P_ES,24]

wherein P represents the number of accumulator sets in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and i is 1, 2, 3 … … 24;

(4) according to the storage battery model and the storage battery operation constraint condition formula, the optimized variable X is used as an initial value of charge-discharge power, and the actual charge-discharge power P of the storage battery unit is calculated_ES,iAnd is combined with P_ES,iReturning the correction value to the optimization variable X;

(5) calculating individual fitness, selecting, crossing and mutating population individuals according to the fitness to generate a new population, and adding P in the new population_ES,iReturning the correction value to the optimization variable X;

(6) repeatedly carrying out the step (5) to correct the population individuals until the optimal charging and discharging power value is obtained;

(7) according to the optimal charging and discharging power value obtained in the step (6), substituting a formula to calculate the interactive amount C of the distributed photovoltaic power station which can participate in interaction_declare；

The storage unit is used for storing power utilization information of the distributed photovoltaic power station, interaction instructions issued by a master station server of the dispatching center, power prices during interaction, and the amount of interaction that the distributed photovoltaic can participate in.

2. The distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit comprises:

the system comprises an MCU control module, a power management module, a clock chip and a distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module;

the MCU control module is respectively connected with the power management module, the clock chip and the distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module, and is also respectively connected with the communication unit, the human-computer interaction unit and the storage unit;

the power supply management module is used for supplying power to each module of the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

the clock chip user provides a clock signal for the distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal;

and the distributed photovoltaic power station interactive scheduling module is connected with the MCU control module and is used for calculating the interactive amount which can be participated in by the distributed photovoltaic power station according to the interactive instruction sent by the master station server of the scheduling center.

3. The distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the communication unit includes: a first communication module and a second communication module; the first communication module is used for data interaction with the sampling system; the second communication module is used for carrying out wireless communication with a master station server of the dispatching center.

4. The distributed photovoltaic interactive terminal according to claim 3, wherein: the first communication module is a GPRS module; the data received by the second communication module can be read only by receiving a set enabling signal, wherein the enabling signal is encoded by a Hamming Code.

5. A distributed photovoltaic interaction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, a master station server of a dispatching center receives an interaction intention uploaded by a distributed photovoltaic power station through a man-machine interaction unit and issues an interaction instruction, wherein the interaction instruction comprises an interaction time period and an interaction amount C_set；

Secondly, the main control unit calculates the interactive quantity which the distributed photovoltaic power station can participate in according to an interactive instruction issued by a master station server of the dispatching center; the specific calculation process is as follows:

(1) calculating the charge and discharge power P of each storage battery unit of the distributed photovoltaic power station according to the distributed photovoltaic model and the actual illumination and environment temperature data_gen,iWherein i is 1, 2, 3 … … 24;

(2) an amount of interaction C defining an optimized objective function model such that users can participate in the interaction_declareAnd distributed by a power grid dispatching centerMutual amount C of_setThe absolute value of the difference between is minimal:

min|C_declare-C_set|

wherein,V_inthe method represents the income obtained by the distributed photovoltaic power station from power selling of the power distribution network when the storage battery unit is in a discharging state, V_in＝P_ES,i*P_unitIn which P is_ES,iTaking positive values; v_outThe cost V of electricity buying from the power distribution network by the distributed photovoltaic power station is shown when the storage battery unit is in a charging state_out＝P_ES,i*P_unitIn which P is_ES,iTaking negative values; v_lossRepresenting the natural loss cost, V, of various devices in a distributed photovoltaic power plant_maintainRepresenting maintenance costs, P, of equipment in a distributed photovoltaic power plant_unitIs the electricity price when the distributed photovoltaic power station participates in the interaction, and | P_ES,i|≤±20％|P_gen,i|；

(3) Randomly generating N_PN individuals of each population adopt real number coding, each individual is composed of 24h charge-discharge power of a storage battery and is represented by an optimized variable X:

X＝[P_ES,1,P_ES,2,…P_ES,24]；

wherein P represents the number of accumulator sets in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and i is 1, 2, 3 … … 24;

(4) according to the storage battery model and the storage battery operation constraint condition formula, the optimized variable X is used as an initial value of charge-discharge power, and the actual charge-discharge power P of the storage battery unit is calculated_ES,iAnd is combined with P_ES,iReturning the correction value to the optimization variable X;

(5) calculating individual fitness, selecting, crossing and mutating population individuals according to the fitness to generate a new population, and adding P in the new population_ES,iReturning the correction value to the optimization variable X;

(6) repeatedly carrying out the step (5) to correct the population individuals until the optimal charging and discharging power value is obtained;

(7) according to the optimal charging and discharging power value obtained in the step (6), substituting a formula to calculate the interactive amount C of the distributed photovoltaic power station which can participate in interaction_declare。

6. The distributed photovoltaic interaction method of claim 5, wherein: the mutual quantity C issued by the power grid dispatching center_setAnd calculating the collected power utilization information of the distributed photovoltaic power station and a preset power utilization prediction curve in a power grid dispatching center.