CN106313502B - A kind of double crossbeam subregion type 3D printers of industry - Google Patents
A kind of double crossbeam subregion type 3D printers of industry Download PDFInfo
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- CN106313502B CN106313502B CN201610924679.2A CN201610924679A CN106313502B CN 106313502 B CN106313502 B CN 106313502B CN 201610924679 A CN201610924679 A CN 201610924679A CN 106313502 B CN106313502 B CN 106313502B
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机，属于数字化加工技术领域，针对目前的打印机存在打印空间有限，成型速度慢，无法进行多材料打印以及不能多区域同时打印的缺陷。有电机滚珠丝杠驱动，直线滑轨和滑块定位，实现稳定快速的打印操作，机身上附加CNC、激光雕刻喷头等模块，丰富拓展机器的功能，做到一机多用。工业级大幅面FDM 3D打印机的开发能够极大满足市场上大型工业产品设计成型和艺术品设计成型的空白，快速一体等比例成型能够极大缩短设计实现的进程，节约了大量的时间、金钱等成本，而且机器本身成本相对低、集成化程度高，市场可推广性及实用性极强。
The invention discloses an industrial double-beam sub-regional 3D printer, which belongs to the technical field of digital processing. The current printer has the defects of limited printing space, slow forming speed, inability to perform multi-material printing and multi-region simultaneous printing. Driven by motor ball screw, linear slide rail and slider positioning, it realizes stable and fast printing operation. Modules such as CNC and laser engraving nozzles are added to the machine body to enrich and expand the functions of the machine, so that one machine can be used for multiple purposes. The development of industrial-grade large-format FDM 3D printers can greatly meet the gaps in the design and molding of large-scale industrial products and artworks in the market. Rapid integrated and proportional molding can greatly shorten the process of design realization and save a lot of time and money. Cost, and the cost of the machine itself is relatively low, the degree of integration is high, and the marketability and practicability are extremely strong.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于数字化加工技术领域。The invention belongs to the technical field of digital processing.
背景技术Background technique
3D打印技术是一种以数字模型文件为基础，通过软件对模型进行切片，运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过逐层打印，层层堆积的方式来制造模型的技术。3D printing technology is a technology based on digital model files, slicing the model through software, using bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic, and manufacturing the model by layer-by-layer printing and layer-by-layer accumulation.
工业级大规格FDM 3D打印机的开发能够极大满足市场上大型工业产品设计成型和艺术品设计成型的空白，双横梁双喷头快速一体等比例成型能够极大缩短设计实现的进程，节约了大量的时间、经费等成本，而且机器本身成本相对较低、集成化程度相对较高，市场可推广性及实用性极强。但是目前的打印机存在打印空间有限，成型速度慢，无法进行多材料打印以及不能多区域同时打印的缺陷。The development of industrial-grade large-scale FDM 3D printers can greatly meet the gaps in the design and molding of large-scale industrial products and artworks in the market. The rapid integrated and proportional molding of double beams and double nozzles can greatly shorten the process of design realization and save a lot of time. Costs such as time and funds, and the cost of the machine itself is relatively low, the degree of integration is relatively high, and the marketability and practicability are extremely strong. However, the current printers have the defects of limited printing space, slow forming speed, inability to print multi-materials, and inability to print multiple areas at the same time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述问题，本发明提出一种工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机，主要由框架2、打印平台3、运动机构和喷头机构组成；In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an industrial double-beam sub-regional 3D printer, which is mainly composed of a frame 2, a printing platform 3, a motion mechanism and a nozzle mechanism;
框架2为立方体，中间部分设有支撑梁，打印平台3水平固定安装于框架2的底面上；为保证工作时打印平台水平框架2底部使用若干个脚杯1支撑水平立于地面上；The frame 2 is a cube, the middle part is provided with a support beam, and the printing platform 3 is horizontally and fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the frame 2; in order to ensure that the bottom of the horizontal frame 2 of the printing platform is supported horizontally on the ground by several foot cups 1 during work;
所述的运动机构具体结构如下：The specific structure of the described motion mechanism is as follows:
框架2顶部X轴方向两侧分别固定有直线导轨9，滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的上方；与滚珠丝杠5相配合，直线导轨9上安装有两组双横梁机构，两组双横梁机构之间留有一定距离，所述的双横梁机构通过底部设置的承重滑块11安装在直线导轨9上；双横梁机构通过固定在双横梁机构上的法兰螺母座将法兰螺母7和双横梁机构固定连接在一起；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；Linear guide rails 9 are respectively fixed on both sides of the top of the frame 2 in the X-axis direction, and the ball screw 5 is fixed above the linear guide rail 9 through the ball screw support seat 4; in cooperation with the ball screw 5, two groups of Double beam mechanism, a certain distance is left between two groups of double beam mechanisms, and the double beam mechanism is installed on the linear guide rail 9 through the load-bearing slider 11 provided at the bottom; the double beam mechanism is fixed on the double beam mechanism through the flange The nut seat fixedly connects the flange nut 7 and the double beam mechanism together; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with a stepper motor 13, and the ball screw 5 and the stepper motor 13 are connected by a coupling 12, and the stepper motor 13 Fixedly installed on the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side;
所述双横梁机构主要由两根沿Y轴方向平行放置的横梁、在横梁上下两端的直线导轨9和滚珠丝杠5组成；滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的上方，直线导轨9上的法兰螺母7与滚珠丝杠5相配合；直线导轨9上安装有Z轴运动机构，上侧的直线导轨9上安装有螺母座滑块6，螺母座滑块6通过固定在螺母座滑块6上的法兰螺母座与法兰螺母7固定连接在一起，下侧的直线导轨9上安装有承重滑块11；Z轴运动机构通过角铁10分别与螺母座滑块6和承重滑块11固定连接在一起；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；The double beam mechanism is mainly composed of two beams placed in parallel along the Y-axis direction, linear guide rails 9 at the upper and lower ends of the beam and ball screw 5; the ball screw 5 is fixed on the linear guide rail 9 through the ball screw support seat 4 On the top, the flange nut 7 on the linear guide rail 9 cooperates with the ball screw 5; the Z-axis motion mechanism is installed on the linear guide rail 9, and the nut seat slider 6 and the nut seat slider 6 are installed on the linear guide rail 9 on the upper side. The flange nut seat fixed on the nut seat slider 6 is fixedly connected with the flange nut 7, and the load-bearing slider 11 is installed on the linear guide rail 9 on the lower side; the Z-axis movement mechanism is respectively connected to the nut seat through angle iron 10 The slider 6 and the load-bearing slider 11 are fixedly connected together; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with a stepping motor 13, and the ball screw 5 and the stepping motor 13 are connected through a coupling 12, and the stepping motor 13 is fixedly installed on On the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side;
所述的Z轴运动机构主要由一根竖直放置的立柱8、直线导轨9以及滚珠丝杠5构成，直线导轨9固定在立柱8的左右两侧沿竖直方向上，滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的一侧，法兰螺母7与滚珠丝杠5相配合，与滚珠丝杠5同侧的直线导轨9安装有两个螺母座滑块6，两个螺母座滑块6的一侧通过固定在螺母座滑块6上的法兰螺母座与法兰螺母7固定连接在一起，两个螺母座滑块6的另一侧与双横梁机构上的角铁10固定连接；与滚珠丝杠5异侧的直线导轨9安装有两个承重滑块11，两个承重滑块11与双横梁机构上的角铁10固定连接；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；Z轴运动机构下端通过喷头连接块15与喷头机构连接。The Z-axis motion mechanism is mainly composed of a vertical column 8, a linear guide rail 9 and a ball screw 5, the linear guide rail 9 is fixed on the left and right sides of the column 8 along the vertical direction, and the ball screw 5 passes through The ball screw support seat 4 is fixed on one side of the linear guide rail 9, the flange nut 7 is matched with the ball screw 5, and the linear guide rail 9 on the same side as the ball screw 5 is equipped with two nut seat sliders 6, two One side of the nut seat slide block 6 is fixedly connected together with the flange nut 7 by the flange nut seat fixed on the nut seat slide block 6, and the other side of the two nut seat slide blocks 6 is connected with the corner on the double beam mechanism. The iron 10 is fixedly connected; the linear guide rail 9 on the opposite side of the ball screw 5 is equipped with two load-bearing sliders 11, and the two load-bearing sliders 11 are fixedly connected with the angle iron 10 on the double beam mechanism; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with The stepper motor 13, the ball screw 5 and the stepper motor 13 are connected through a coupling 12, and the stepper motor 13 is fixedly installed on the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side; the lower end of the Z-axis motion mechanism is connected to the block through the nozzle 15 is connected with shower head mechanism.
所述喷头机构包括挤出电机14和挤出装置16，挤出装置16安装在喷头连接块15上，挤出电机14连接在挤出装置16上，挤出电机14为挤出装置16提供挤出动力。所述挤出装置16优选可控制挤出直径的可控大口径喷头挤出装置，可以在打印构件时采用大口径喷头，喷头移动时转换成小口径喷头。Described nozzle mechanism comprises extruding motor 14 and extruding device 16, extruding device 16 is installed on the nozzle connecting block 15, extruding motor 14 is connected on extruding device 16, extruding motor 14 provides extruding device 16 Power out. The extrusion device 16 is preferably a controllable large-diameter nozzle extrusion device that can control the extrusion diameter. A large-diameter nozzle can be used when printing components, and it can be converted into a small-diameter nozzle when it moves.
优选地，同一个轴向上的两个步进电机13同侧放置，并根据步进电机13的接线规则并联接线，这样就实现了步进电机13的同步运行。Preferably, the two stepper motors 13 on the same axis are placed on the same side, and connected in parallel according to the wiring rules of the stepper motors 13, so that the synchronous operation of the stepper motors 13 is realized.
所述的滚珠丝杠支撑座4为BF滚珠丝杠支撑座。The ball screw support seat 4 is a BF ball screw support seat.
本发明可附加数控机床(CNC)、激光雕刻喷头等模块，丰富拓展机器的功能，做到一机多用，具体附加方式为：对挤出装置16与喷头连接块15接合处进行可更换易拆卸式设计，与机器相适应的其他模块，譬如数控机床(CNC)、激光雕刻喷头等，也采用与挤出装置16相同的接口设计，在具体的更换操作中，只需将原模块从喷头连接块15上拆除，并更换其他所需模块即可。The present invention can add modules such as CNC machine tools (CNC), laser engraving nozzles, etc., to enrich and expand the functions of the machine, so that one machine can be used for multiple purposes. The specific additional method is: the joint between the extrusion device 16 and the nozzle connecting block 15 is replaceable and easy to disassemble. type design, other modules compatible with the machine, such as CNC machine tools (CNC), laser engraving nozzles, etc., also adopt the same interface design as the extrusion device 16, in the specific replacement operation, only need to connect the original module from the nozzle Remove block 15 and replace other required modules.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、对于结构运动当中Z轴方向上运动产生震颤问题，采用双横梁结构将Z轴方向上的立柱架起，通过其约束以及两侧滑轨约束保证机构运行的稳定性。1. For the tremor problem caused by movement in the Z-axis direction during the structural movement, a double beam structure is used to erect the column in the Z-axis direction, and the stability of the mechanism operation is guaranteed through its constraints and the constraints of the slide rails on both sides.
2、由于结构装置的重量过大，运动过程中频率过快产生齿形带回弹等因素的干扰，结构采用滚珠丝杠进行传动，并且将同方向轴电机串联，保障丝杠的运动同步。2. Due to the excessive weight of the structural device, the frequency is too fast during the movement process to cause the interference of factors such as toothed belt rebound. The structure uses a ball screw for transmission, and the motors of the same direction are connected in series to ensure that the movement of the screw is synchronized.
3、本发明采用可控制挤出直径的可控大口径喷头挤出装置。可以在打印构件时采用大口径喷涂，喷头移动时转换成小口径喷头。防止在运动过程中产生运材料的泄露。3. The present invention adopts a controllable large-diameter nozzle extrusion device that can control the extrusion diameter. It is possible to use large-diameter spraying when printing components, and switch to small-diameter nozzles when the nozzle moves. Prevent material leakage during movement.
4、所述的大型双横梁工业3D打印机，其特征在于，所述两组双横梁结构不但在各自区域同时自独立工作又可以单独打印整个区域。既可以完成多材料多颜色同时打印又可以完成单材料单颜色快速打印。4. The large-scale double-beam industrial 3D printer is characterized in that the two sets of double-beam structures not only work independently in their respective regions simultaneously but also can print the entire region independently. It can not only complete multi-material and multi-color printing at the same time, but also complete single-material single-color fast printing.
5、所述的大型双横梁工业3D打印机，其特征在于，当打印中空、悬臂以及蜂窝结构时，由于打印材料与填充材料密度不同，可以实现一组双横梁打印构件主体部分一组双横梁打印填充部分。即可增加打印精度又可提高打印速度。5. The large-scale double-beam industrial 3D printer is characterized in that, when printing hollow, cantilever and honeycomb structures, due to the difference in density between the printing material and the filling material, a set of double-beam printing components can be printed with a set of double-beam printing filling part. It can increase printing accuracy and improve printing speed.
6、可附加数控机床(CNC)、激光雕刻喷头等模块，丰富拓展机器的功能，做到一机多用。6. Numerical control machine tool (CNC), laser engraving nozzle and other modules can be added to enrich and expand the functions of the machine, so that one machine can be used for multiple purposes.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of the industrial double-beam sub-regional 3D printer of the present invention;
图2为本发明中双横梁机构与Z轴运动机构连接的局部放大图；Fig. 2 is the partially enlarged view of the connection between the double beam mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism in the present invention;
图3为本发明喷头位置的局部放大图；Fig. 3 is the local enlargement figure of nozzle position of the present invention;
图4为本发明工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机的俯视图；Fig. 4 is a top view of the industrial double-beam sub-regional 3D printer of the present invention;
图5为本发明工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机的轴测图。Fig. 5 is an axonometric view of the industrial double-beam sub-area 3D printer of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
一种工业双横梁分区域型3D打印机，主要由框架2、打印平台3、运动机构和喷头机构组成；An industrial double-beam sub-regional 3D printer, mainly composed of a frame 2, a printing platform 3, a movement mechanism and a nozzle mechanism;
框架2为立方体，中间部分设有支撑梁，打印平台3水平固定安装于框架2的底面上；为保证工作时打印平台水平框架2底部使用若干个脚杯1支撑水平立于地面上；The frame 2 is a cube, the middle part is provided with a support beam, and the printing platform 3 is horizontally and fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the frame 2; in order to ensure that the bottom of the horizontal frame 2 of the printing platform is supported horizontally on the ground by several foot cups 1 during work;
所述的运动机构具体结构如下：The specific structure of the described motion mechanism is as follows:
框架2顶部X轴方向两侧分别固定有直线导轨9，滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的上方；与滚珠丝杠5相配合，直线导轨9上安装有两组双横梁机构，两组双横梁机构之间留有一定距离，所述的双横梁机构通过底部设置的承重滑块11安装在直线导轨9上；双横梁机构通过固定在双横梁机构上的法兰螺母座将法兰螺母7和双横梁机构固定连接在一起；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；Linear guide rails 9 are respectively fixed on both sides of the top of the frame 2 in the X-axis direction, and the ball screw 5 is fixed above the linear guide rail 9 through the ball screw support seat 4; in cooperation with the ball screw 5, two groups of Double beam mechanism, a certain distance is left between two groups of double beam mechanisms, and the double beam mechanism is installed on the linear guide rail 9 through the load-bearing slider 11 provided at the bottom; the double beam mechanism is fixed on the double beam mechanism through the flange The nut seat fixedly connects the flange nut 7 and the double beam mechanism together; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with a stepper motor 13, and the ball screw 5 and the stepper motor 13 are connected by a coupling 12, and the stepper motor 13 Fixedly installed on the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side;
所述双横梁机构主要由两根沿Y轴方向平行放置的横梁、在横梁上下两端的直线导轨9和滚珠丝杠5组成；滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的上方，直线导轨9上的法兰螺母7与滚珠丝杠5相配合；直线导轨9上安装有Z轴运动机构，上侧的直线导轨9上安装有螺母座滑块6，螺母座滑块6通过固定在螺母座滑块6上的法兰螺母座与法兰螺母7固定连接在一起，下侧的直线导轨9上安装有承重滑块11；Z轴运动机构通过角铁10分别与螺母座滑块6和承重滑块11固定连接在一起；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；The double beam mechanism is mainly composed of two beams placed in parallel along the Y-axis direction, linear guide rails 9 at the upper and lower ends of the beam and ball screw 5; the ball screw 5 is fixed on the linear guide rail 9 through the ball screw support seat 4 On the top, the flange nut 7 on the linear guide rail 9 cooperates with the ball screw 5; the Z-axis motion mechanism is installed on the linear guide rail 9, and the nut seat slider 6 and the nut seat slider 6 are installed on the linear guide rail 9 on the upper side. The flange nut seat fixed on the nut seat slider 6 is fixedly connected with the flange nut 7, and the load-bearing slider 11 is installed on the linear guide rail 9 on the lower side; the Z-axis movement mechanism is respectively connected to the nut seat through angle iron 10 The slider 6 and the load-bearing slider 11 are fixedly connected together; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with a stepping motor 13, and the ball screw 5 and the stepping motor 13 are connected through a coupling 12, and the stepping motor 13 is fixedly installed on On the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side;
所述的Z轴运动机构主要由一根竖直放置的立柱8、直线导轨9以及滚珠丝杠5构成，直线导轨9固定在立柱8的左右两侧沿竖直方向上，滚珠丝杠5通过滚珠丝杠支撑座4固定于直线导轨9的一侧，法兰螺母7与滚珠丝杠5相配合，与滚珠丝杠5同侧的直线导轨9安装有两个螺母座滑块6，两个螺母座滑块6的一侧通过固定在螺母座滑块6上的法兰螺母座与法兰螺母7固定连接在一起，两个螺母座滑块6的另一侧与双横梁机构上的角铁10固定连接；与滚珠丝杠5异侧的直线导轨9安装有两个承重滑块11，两个承重滑块11与双横梁机构上的角铁10固定连接；滚珠丝杠5一端设置有步进电机13，滚珠丝杠5和步进电机13之间通过联轴器12连接，步进电机13固定安装在同侧的滚珠丝杠支撑座4上；Z轴运动机构下端通过喷头连接块15与喷头机构连接。The Z-axis motion mechanism is mainly composed of a vertical column 8, a linear guide rail 9 and a ball screw 5, the linear guide rail 9 is fixed on the left and right sides of the column 8 along the vertical direction, and the ball screw 5 passes through The ball screw support seat 4 is fixed on one side of the linear guide rail 9, the flange nut 7 is matched with the ball screw 5, and the linear guide rail 9 on the same side as the ball screw 5 is equipped with two nut seat sliders 6, two One side of the nut seat slide block 6 is fixedly connected together with the flange nut 7 by the flange nut seat fixed on the nut seat slide block 6, and the other side of the two nut seat slide blocks 6 is connected with the corner on the double beam mechanism. The iron 10 is fixedly connected; the linear guide rail 9 on the opposite side of the ball screw 5 is equipped with two load-bearing sliders 11, and the two load-bearing sliders 11 are fixedly connected with the angle iron 10 on the double beam mechanism; one end of the ball screw 5 is provided with The stepper motor 13, the ball screw 5 and the stepper motor 13 are connected through a coupling 12, and the stepper motor 13 is fixedly installed on the ball screw support seat 4 on the same side; the lower end of the Z-axis motion mechanism is connected to the block through the nozzle 15 is connected with shower head mechanism.
所述喷头机构包括挤出电机14和挤出装置16，挤出装置16安装在喷头连接块15上，挤出电机14连接在挤出装置16上，挤出电机14为挤出装置16提供挤出动力。所述挤出装置16优选可控制挤出直径的可控大口径喷头挤出装置，可以在打印构件时采用大口径喷头，喷头移动时转换成小口径喷头。Described nozzle mechanism comprises extruding motor 14 and extruding device 16, extruding device 16 is installed on the nozzle connecting block 15, extruding motor 14 is connected on extruding device 16, extruding motor 14 provides extruding device 16 Power out. The extrusion device 16 is preferably a controllable large-diameter nozzle extrusion device that can control the extrusion diameter. A large-diameter nozzle can be used when printing components, and it can be converted into a small-diameter nozzle when it moves.
同一个轴向上的两个步进电机13同侧放置，并根据步进电机13的接线规则并联接线，这样就实现了步进电机13的同步运行。本实施例中的滚珠丝杠支撑座4采用BF滚珠丝杠支撑座。The two stepping motors 13 on the same axis are placed on the same side, and are connected in parallel according to the wiring rules of the stepping motors 13, so that the synchronous operation of the stepping motors 13 is realized. The ball screw support seat 4 in this embodiment adopts the BF ball screw support seat.
两组双横梁机构在框架2上做X轴方向运动的原理是:框架2上的步进电机13通过联轴器12带动滚珠丝杠5实现其可控制转动，与其相配合的法兰螺母7固连在双横梁两端。这样就实现了双横梁与步进电机13之间旋转运动与直线运动的转变。由于结构体积较大，运动过程中通过固定在双横梁上的承重滑块11与直线导轨9相配合实现双横梁在运动中的直线定位。The principle of two groups of double beam mechanisms moving in the X-axis direction on the frame 2 is: the stepper motor 13 on the frame 2 drives the ball screw 5 through the shaft coupling 12 to realize its controllable rotation, and the flange nut 7 matched with it Fastened to both ends of the double beam. In this way, the conversion between the rotary motion and the linear motion between the double beam and the stepper motor 13 is realized. Due to the large structure volume, the linear positioning of the double beams in motion is realized through the cooperation of the load-bearing slider 11 fixed on the double beams and the linear guide rail 9 during the movement.
Z轴运动机构在双横梁机构上做Y方向运动的原理是:固定在双横梁机构上的两个步进电机13分别通过联轴器12带动两根滚珠丝杠5实现其可控制转动，与滚珠丝杠5相配合的法兰螺母7分别通过法兰螺母座与双横梁机构上配合在直线导轨9上的承重滑块11相固连。最终，通过丝杠—螺母副传递运动，滑块—导轨定位，使得Z轴运动机构沿着Y方向做可精确控制的直线运动。The principle that the Z-axis motion mechanism moves in the Y direction on the double-beam mechanism is: two stepper motors 13 fixed on the double-beam mechanism drive two ball screws 5 through the shaft coupling 12 to realize its controllable rotation respectively. The flange nuts 7 matched with the ball screw 5 are fixedly connected with the load-bearing sliders 11 matched on the linear guide rails 9 on the double beam mechanism respectively through flange nut seats. Finally, the motion is transmitted through the screw-nut pair, and the slider-guide rail is positioned, so that the Z-axis motion mechanism can make a precisely controllable linear motion along the Y direction.
Z轴运动机构做Z方向运动的原理是:在Z轴运动机构立柱8的右侧步进电机13通过联轴器12带动滚珠丝杠5实现其转动，与滚珠丝杠5相配合的两个法兰螺母7通过法兰螺母座固定在螺母座滑块6上，螺母座滑块6在直线导轨9上滑动，并通过角铁10与双横梁上配合在直线导轨9上的承重滑块11相固连，在Z轴运动机构立柱8的左侧有承重滑块11配合在直线导轨9上并通过角铁10与双横梁上配合在直线导轨9上的承重滑块11相固连。最终，通过丝杠—螺母副传递运动，通过滑块—导轨定位，使得Z轴运动机构沿着Z方向做可精确控制的直线运动。The principle that the Z-axis motion mechanism moves in the Z direction is: the stepper motor 13 on the right side of the column 8 of the Z-axis motion mechanism drives the ball screw 5 to realize its rotation through the shaft coupling 12, and the two mating ball screws 5 that cooperate with the ball screw 5 The flange nut 7 is fixed on the nut seat slider 6 through the flange nut seat, and the nut seat slider 6 slides on the linear guide rail 9, and the load-bearing slider 11 matched on the linear guide rail 9 on the double beam through the angle iron 10 Fixedly connected, there is a load-bearing slider 11 fitted on the linear guide rail 9 on the left side of the Z-axis motion mechanism column 8 and is fixedly connected with the load-bearing slider 11 matched on the linear guide rail 9 on the double crossbeam through the angle iron 10 . Finally, the movement is transmitted through the screw-nut pair, and the slider-guide rail is positioned, so that the Z-axis motion mechanism can make a precisely controllable linear motion along the Z direction.
双横梁机构在框架2上做Y方向运动及Z轴运动机构在双横梁机构上做X方向运动都是由两个步进电机13分别驱动两个平行放置滚珠丝杠5来实现，其同步运行原理是:将一个方向上两个有相同动力输出的步进电机13根据步进电机的接线规则实现并联，再将并联后的控制线接入电机驱动器的信号输出端，这样就实现了步进电机13的同步运行，进而实现了两根滚珠丝杠5的同步运行及所驱动部分的平稳运行。The movement of the double-beam mechanism in the Y direction on the frame 2 and the movement of the Z-axis movement mechanism in the X direction on the double-beam mechanism are both realized by two stepping motors 13 respectively driving two parallel ball screws 5, which operate synchronously. The principle is: two stepper motors 13 with the same power output in one direction are connected in parallel according to the wiring rules of the stepper motors, and then the paralleled control lines are connected to the signal output terminal of the motor driver, so that the stepper motor 13 is realized. The synchronous operation of the motor 13 further realizes the synchronous operation of the two ball screws 5 and the smooth operation of the driven parts.
双横梁分区域3D打印机在运行过程中分为单材料单色打印与多材料多色打印，其中但材料单色打印又分为分区域快速打印和打印材料支撑材料分开打印。在打印多材料多颜色打印时，两组双横梁结构中的喷头结构分别填充不同材料或不同颜色的打印材料。当机构打印一种材料时，另一组双横梁在框架2右上角原点位置并且处于待打印加热状态，当需要打印另一种材料时，主打印喷头回到左下角另一个打印原点，待打印喷头就开始进行另一种材料的打印。The double-beam sub-area 3D printer is divided into single-material monochrome printing and multi-material multi-color printing during operation, among which the material monochrome printing is divided into sub-area fast printing and printing materials and support materials separately. When printing multi-material and multi-color printing, the nozzle structures in the two sets of double-beam structures are filled with different materials or printing materials of different colors. When the mechanism prints one material, the other set of double beams is at the origin position in the upper right corner of the frame 2 and is in the heating state to be printed. When another material needs to be printed, the main print head returns to another printing origin in the lower left corner to be printed. The nozzle starts to print another material.
双横梁分区域3D打印机进行分区域快速打印时，切片软件将打印模型分成两个区域，两组双横梁结构分别在各自区域进行打印，左侧主喷头负责打印两区域的拼接部分。这样可以避免后期拼接粘贴的过程。When the double-beam sub-area 3D printer performs rapid printing by area, the slicing software divides the printed model into two areas, and the two sets of double-beam structures are printed in their respective areas, and the main nozzle on the left is responsible for printing the splicing part of the two areas. This can avoid the process of splicing and pasting later.
双横梁分区域3D打印机进行高精度打印时，两组双横梁结构的喷头分别打印主体材料和填充材料。当打印主体材料时，打印填充材料的双横梁结构在打印原点位置处于待打印加热状态。当需要打印填充材料时，主体打印喷头快速回到打印原点。由填充喷头打印填充材料。When the double-beam sub-area 3D printer performs high-precision printing, two sets of nozzles with double-beam structure print the main material and the filling material respectively. When printing the main material, the double-beam structure that prints the filling material is in a heated state to be printed at the printing origin. When the filling material needs to be printed, the main print nozzle quickly returns to the printing origin. Fill material is printed by the fill nozzle.
除本实施例外，本发明框架2上可附加数控机床(CNC)、激光雕刻喷头等模块，丰富拓展机器的功能，做到一机多用。具体附加方式为：对挤出装置16与喷头连接块15接合处进行可更换易拆卸式设计，与机器相适应的其他模块，譬如数控机床(CNC)、激光雕刻喷头等，也采用与挤出装置16相同的接口设计，在具体的更换操作中，只需将原模块从喷头连接块15上拆除，并更换其他所需模块即可。Except for this embodiment, modules such as CNC machine tools (CNC) and laser engraving nozzles can be added to the frame 2 of the present invention to enrich and expand the functions of the machine, so that one machine can be used for multiple purposes. The specific additional method is: replaceable and easy-to-detachable design of the joint between the extrusion device 16 and the nozzle connecting block 15, and other modules that are compatible with the machine, such as numerical control machine tools (CNC), laser engraving nozzles, etc. The interface design of the device 16 is the same. In the specific replacement operation, it is only necessary to remove the original module from the nozzle connection block 15 and replace other required modules.
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| CN106956434A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-18 | 北京碧如蓝工贸公司 | The multi-functional 3D printer that synchronously can symmetrically print |
| CN107175816B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2019-03-05 | 洛阳理工学院 | A multi-head sub-control 3D printer |
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