CN106269313B - A kind of cyclone separator that guide vane is installed in central tube - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cyclone separator equipped with guide blades in a central cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of cyclone separators. The central cylinder of the cyclone separator is equipped with guide blades, and the guide vanes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the central cylinder. The hub of the guide vane is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube of the central cylinder, and the rim is arranged on the inner wall of the central cylinder. The guide vanes are optimally leveled by orthogonal tests and bias the central cylinder away from the tangential inlet of the separator. Through the offset structure of the guide vanes and the central cylinder, the flow field in the cyclone separator makes the airflow converge into an upward mainstream before flowing into the central cylinder, and the velocity of the airflow in the mainstream is dominated by the vertical upward axial velocity. In the cyclone separator of the present invention, the intensity of the inner vortex core vortex in the flow field is reduced, and the intensity of the outer vortex is increased, which is beneficial to the separation of solid particles and improves the separation efficiency; the structure of the cyclone separator equipped with guide vanes in the central cylinder is simple, Suitable for any type of cross-flow cyclone separator.

Description

A cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder

technical field

The invention relates to a cyclone separator equipped with guide blades in a central cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of cyclone separators.

Background technique

A cyclone separator is a static mechanical device that separates solid particles or liquid droplets from a gas containing impurities by the action of centrifugal force. It has a simple structure, no moving parts, high separation efficiency and moderate pressure drop in practical applications, and can be widely used in high temperature, high pressure and high particle concentration occasions. play an important role.

The most basic cyclone separator is a static mechanical device that separates solid particles or liquid droplets from a gas containing impurities by the action of centrifugal force. The airflow enters the interior of the cyclone separator from the air inlet, which is generally arranged tangentially. When entering the separator, the airflow begins to rotate downwards. During the rotation of the airflow, the particles are moved to the separator wall due to the action of centrifugal force, and the particles thrown to the wall are also separated from the gas. . The particles from the separator will eventually be discharged from the lower dust outlet. The gas will change from a downward rotation on the outside to an upward rotation on the inside near the bottom of the separator, and is discharged from the central cylinder, which is the exhaust pipe.

Traditional cyclone separators have poor separation performance due to structural design deficiencies. These deficiencies include the "upper ash ring" formed by the secondary flow at the top of the separator, the "short-circuit flow" near the lower end of the central cylinder, and the "dust back-mixing" near the dust outlet. In order to improve these structures so that the efficiency of the separator can be significantly improved, researchers at home and abroad have carried out a lot of improvement research on the structure of the air inlet, exhaust port and dust outlet of the cyclone separator, and designed a variety of different types of high-efficiency cyclone separators. Low resistance cyclone separator structure.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder, so as to effectively improve the internal flow field of the separator and improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator for solid particles.

The cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder proposed by the present invention includes a cylinder body, a central cylinder, an inner tube of the central cylinder, guide vanes and a flow deflector; the upper part of the cylinder is cylindrical, and the cylinder The lower part of the body is conical, one side of the cylindrical body is provided with a cyclone separator inlet, the top of the cylindrical body is provided with an exhaust port, and the lower part of the conical body is a dust discharge port; the center The cylinder is eccentrically installed on the cylindrical cylinder section, the eccentric distance e between the central cylinder and the cylindrical cylinder is 2% D ₀ ~ 6% D ₀ , D ₀ is the diameter of the cylindrical cylinder, and the deviation direction is perpendicular to The air flow inlet is far away from the inlet; the inner tube of the central tube is installed concentrically in the central tube, and the lower end of the inner tube of the central tube is arranged with a conical shroud, and a small circular hole is opened on the cone top of the shroud; The hub of the blade is installed on the inner tube of the central cylinder, and the rim of the guide vane is arranged on the inner wall of the central cylinder. The four sides of the guide vane are the inlet side of the guide vane, the outlet side of the guide vane, the rim of the guide vane and the Guide vane hub, the guide vane hub is fixed on the surface of the inner tube of the central cylinder; the structure of the guide vane is composed of the guide vane tangent line and The included angle in the circumferential direction is determined by the blade placement angle β _i,1 , β _i,0 , β _m,1 , β _m,0 , β _o,1 , β _o,0, among which, the inlet contour of the guide vane hub The included angle with the circumferential direction is β _i,1 , the included angle between the guide vane rim inlet contour line and the circumferential direction is β _i,0 , the included angle between the guide vane hub midpoint contour line and the circumferential direction is β _{m, 1} . The angle between the midpoint contour line of the guide vane rim and the circumferential direction is β _m,0 , the angle between the guide vane hub outlet contour line and the circumferential direction is β o,1 , and the angle between the guide vane hub outlet contour line and the circumferential direction is β _{o,1 .} For the angle β _o,0 in the circumferential direction, β _i,1 is 55°～64°, β _i,1 -β _i,0 is 15°～24°, β _o,1 and β _o,0 are both 90°, the angle β _{m,1 of} the center point of the hub of the guide vane and the angle β _m,0 of the center point of the rim of the guide vane are respectively determined according to the sum of the respective inlet and outlet angles and proportional coefficient k, and the proportional coefficient k is 0.3 to 0.6 , that is, β _m,1 =k(β _i,1 +β _o,1 ), β _m,0 =k(β _i,0 +β _o,0 ), taking the inlet, midpoint, and outlet of the guide vane hub Three angles determine a parabola as the profile line of the guide vane hub, and a parabola is determined as the profile line of the guide vane hub by the angles of the inlet, midpoint, and outlet of the guide vane rim.

The number of guide vanes in the cyclone separator can be 4-10.

The cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder proposed by the present invention has the advantage that the guide vanes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the central cylinder of the cyclone separator, and the change law of the vane placement angle of the guide vanes is determined by the orthogonal Trials yielded optimum levels and the central cylinder was biased away from the tangential inlet of the separator. The hub of the guide vane is arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube of the central cylinder, and the rim is arranged on the inner wall of the central cylinder. A conical shroud is arranged at the lower end of the inner tube of the central cylinder, and a small circular hole is opened on the conical top of the shroud. Through the improvement of the flow field in the cyclone separator through the deflection of the guide vanes and the central cylinder, the airflow has converged into an upward main flow before flowing into the central cylinder, and the air velocity in the main flow is dominated by the vertical upward axial velocity. This improvement of the flow field reduces the vortex intensity of the inner vortex core in the flow field of the cyclone separator, and increases the intensity of the outer vortex, which is beneficial to the separation of solid particles and improves the separation efficiency; at the same time, due to the addition of guide vanes The increase in pressure loss in the exhaust section is small, and the impact on the overall pressure drop of the cyclone separator is small. The cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to process and manufacture, and is suitable for any type of cutting flow cyclone separator. The cyclone separator of the present invention has simple structure and remarkable effect of improving separation efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cyclone separator provided with guide vanes in a central cylinder proposed by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of guide vanes in the central cylinder in the cyclone separator shown in Fig. 1 .

In Figure 1 and Figure 2, 1 is the cyclone separator inlet, 2 is the central cylinder, 3 is a cylindrical cylinder, 4 is a conical cylinder, 5 is a dust outlet, 6 is an exhaust outlet, and 7 is a guide Blade, 8 is the guide cover, 9 is the inner tube of the central cylinder, 10 is the inlet edge of the guide vane, 11 is the outlet edge of the guide vane, 12 is the rim of the guide vane, and 13 is the hub of the guide vane.

Detailed ways

The cyclone separator with guide vanes installed in the central cylinder proposed by the present invention has a structure as shown in FIG. The upper part of the cylinder is cylindrical, and the lower part of the cylinder is conical. One side of the cylindrical cylinder 3 is provided with a cyclone separator inlet 1, and the top of the cylindrical cylinder 3 is provided with an exhaust port 6. The cone The bottom of the cylindrical body 4 is a dust outlet 5. The central cylinder 2 is eccentrically installed on the cylindrical cylinder section, the eccentric distance e between the central cylinder 2 and the cylindrical cylinder 3 is 2% D ₀ ~ 6% D ₀ , D ₀ is the diameter of the cylindrical cylinder, and the deviation The direction is perpendicular to the airflow inlet and away from the inlet. The inner pipe 9 of the central cylinder is concentrically installed in the central cylinder 2, and the lower end of the inner pipe 9 of the central cylinder is arranged with a conical shroud 8, and a small circular hole is opened at the conical top of the shroud. The hub 13 of the guide vane 7 is installed on the inner tube 9 of the central cylinder, the rim 12 of the guide vane is arranged on the inner wall of the central cylinder 2, and the four sides of the guide vane 7 are respectively the guide vane inlet edge 10, the guide vane Outlet edge 11, guide vane wheel rim 12 and guide vane hub 13, guide vane hub 13 is fixed on the surface of center tube inner tube 9; The angle between the tangent line of the guide vane at the inlet, midpoint and outlet and the circumferential direction is the blade placement angle β _i,1 , β _i,0 , β _m,1 , β _m,0 , β _o,1 , β _{o ,0} is determined, as shown in Figure 2, where the angle between the inlet contour line of the guide vane hub and the circumferential direction is β _i,1 , and the angle between the inlet contour line of the guide vane rim and the circumferential direction is β _{i, 0} , the included angle between the guide vane hub midpoint contour line and the circumferential direction is β _m,1 , the included angle between the guide vane hub midpoint contour line and the circumferential direction β _m,0 , the guide vane hub outlet contour line and The included angle in the circumferential direction is β _o,1 , and the included angle β _o,0 between the outlet contour line of the guide vane rim and the circumferential direction, then β _i,1 is 55°～64°, β _i,1 -β _{i ,0} is 15°～24°, β _o,1 and β _o,0 are both 90°, the angle β _m,1 of the midpoint of the guide vane hub and the angle β _m,0 of the midpoint of the guide vane rim are respectively According to the sum of the respective entrance and exit angles, it is determined by the proportional coefficient k, and the proportional coefficient k is 0.3~0.6, that is, β _m,1 =k(β _i,1 +β _o,1 ), β _m,0 =k(β _{i, 0} +β _o,0 ), a parabola is determined by the angles of the inlet, midpoint and outlet of the guide vane hub as the shape line of the guide vane hub, and the inlet, midpoint and outlet of the guide vane rim The angle at determines a parabola as the profile of the guide vane rim.

The number of guide vanes in the cyclone separator can be 4-10.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, introduce in detail the operating principle and working process of cyclone separator of the present invention:

The dust-laden gas carrying solid particles enters tangentially from the cyclone separator inlet 1 and rotates around the central cylinder 2. The solid particles are thrown to the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder 3 due to centrifugal force, and finally fall into the dust outlet 5 , the separated gas changes from external downward rotation to internal upward rotation near the dust discharge port 5, and flows into the central cylinder 2, and is finally discharged from the exhaust port 6 through the guide vanes 7.

As shown in Figure 1, the guide vanes 7 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the central cylinder 2, and its hub is located on the outer wall of the central cylinder inner tube 9, its rim is located on the inner wall of the central cylinder 2, and the lower end of the central cylinder inner tube 9 A conical shroud 8 is arranged, and a small circular hole is opened on the conical top of the shroud 8 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, taking the cylinder diameter D ₀ of the cyclone separator as a reference, the eccentric distance e between the axis of the central cylinder and the cylinder axis of the cyclone separator is 2% D ₀ to 6% D ₀ , which deviates from The direction is perpendicular to the airflow tangential to the inlet and away from the inlet. The structure of the guide vane consists of the angle between the guide vane tangent and the circumferential direction at the inlet, midpoint, and outlet of the guide vane hub and the guide vane rim, namely, the blade placement angle β _i,1 , β _{i, 0} , β _m,1 , β _m,0 , β _o,1 , β _o,0 are determined. Among them, the angle between the inlet contour line of the guide vane hub and the circumferential direction is β _i,1 , the angle between the inlet contour line of the guide vane hub and the circumferential direction is β _i,0 , and the midpoint contour line of the guide vane hub The included angle with the circumferential direction is β _m,1 , the included angle β _m,0 between the midpoint contour line of the guide vane rim and the circumferential direction, and the included angle β _o,1 between the guide vane hub outlet contour line and the circumferential direction , the angle β _o,0 between the outlet contour line of the guide vane rim and the circumferential direction, then β _i,1 is 55°～64°, β _i,1 -β _i,0 is 15°～24°, β _o,1 and β _o,0 are both 90°. The angles β _m,1 and β _m,0 between the hub and the midpoint of the rim are determined according to a certain ratio of the sum of the respective inlet and outlet angles, and the proportional coefficient k is 0.3 to 0.6, that is, β _m,1 = k(β _i,1 + β _o,1 ), β _m,0 =k(β _i,0 +β _o,0 ). A parabola is determined at the angles of the entrance, midpoint, and exit of the hub as the profile line of the hub blade, and a parabola is determined at the angles of the entrance, midpoint, and exit of the rim as the profile line of the rim blade.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of guide vanes on the central cylinder is 6, and the structure of the guide vanes 7 is guided by the respective inlets, midpoints, and outlets of the guide vane hub and the guide vane rim. The angle between the tangent line of the flow blade and the circumferential direction, that is, the blade placement angle β _i,1 , β _i,0 , β _m,1 , β _m,0 , β _o,1 , β _o,0 is determined, and the angles are 58° in turn , 37°, 74°, 63.5°, 90°, 90°.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of cyclone separator that guide vane is installed in central tube, which is characterized in that including cylinder, central tube, center Cylinder inner tube, guide vane and kuppe；The top of the cylinder is cylindrical shape, and the lower part of cylinder is conical, cylindrical shape cylinder The side of body is equipped with cyclone inlet, and the top of cylindrical drum is equipped with exhaust outlet, and the lower part of divergent-cone wall is dust discharge Mouthful；The central tube is eccentrically mounted at cylindrical drum section, and the eccentric distance e of central tube and cylindrical drum is 2%D₀~6% D₀, D₀For the diameter of cylindrical drum, offset direction is perpendicular to air flow inlet and far from entrance；The central tube inner tube is same It feels at ease in central tube, the kuppe of central tube inner tube lower end arrangement cone, the kuppe vertex of a cone opens up a small circular hole； The wheel hub of the guide vane is mounted in central tube inner tube, and the wheel rim of guide vane is arranged on the inner wall of central tube, is led Flow blade four when being respectively guide vane inlet side, guide vane exit, guide vane wheel rim and guide vane wheel hub, lead Stream blade wheel hub is fixed on the surface of central tube inner tube；The structure of guide vane is each by guide vane wheel hub and guide vane wheel rim From import, midpoint, outlet three at guide vane tangent line and circumferencial direction angle, that is, blade angle β_i,1、β_i,0、β_m,1、 β_m,0、β_o,1、β_o,0It determines, wherein, the import contour line of guide vane wheel hub and the angle of circumferencial direction are β_i,1, guide vane wheel The angle of edge import contour line and circumferencial direction is β_i,0, the angle of guide vane wheel hub midpoint contour line and circumferencial direction is β_m,1, the angle β of guide vane wheel rim midpoint contour line and circumferencial direction_m,0, guide vane wheel hub outlet profile line and circumference side To angle be β_o,1, the angle β of guide vane wheel rim outlet profile line and circumferencial direction_o,0, then have β_i,1It is 55 °~64 °, β_i,1-β_i,0It is 15 °~24 °, β_o,1、β_o,0It is 90 °, the angle beta at guide vane wheel hub midpoint_m,1With guide vane wheel rim midpoint Angle beta_m,0According to the sum of respective inlet and outlet angle, coefficient k determines in proportion respectively, and proportionality coefficient k is 0.3~0.6, i.e. β_m,1 =k (β_i,1+β_o,1), β_m,0=k (β_i,0+β_o,0), with the angle-determining one at the import of guide vane wheel hub, midpoint, outlet three Molded line of the parabola as guide vane wheel hub, with the angle-determining one at the import of guide vane wheel rim, midpoint, outlet three Molded line of the parabola as guide vane wheel rim.

2. cyclone separator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of the guide vane is 4~10.