CN106257827B - Symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device and power amplifier - Google Patents
Symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device and power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device and a power amplifier, wherein the symmetrical Doherty power amplifier comprises: a main power amplification channel and one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, the DOHERTY power amplifier further comprising: the reactance is arranged on the auxiliary power amplification channel along with the power change network; and the additional phase shifting network is arranged on the main power amplification channel, wherein the first phase is the phase difference between an input signal received by the input end of the main power amplification channel and an input signal received by the input end of the auxiliary power amplification channel, and the second phase is the phase difference between an output signal output by the output end of the main power amplification channel and an output signal output by the output end of the auxiliary power amplification channel. The problem that a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit in the related art cannot meet the requirement of high peak-to-average power ratio is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device and a power amplifier.
Background
At present, with the increasingly strong competition of the wireless communication market, the performance level of the base station product becomes the main focus of the competition in the industry. The power amplifier (power amplifier for short) is used as an important component of the base station and directly relates to the quality and communication effect of the signal transmitted by the base station. In order to improve the transmission rate and more effectively utilize the spectrum resources, the base station in the present stage widely adopts high peak-to-average ratio modulation modes such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), so that the power amplifier is required to normally operate under the condition of high peak-to-average ratio, and not only the linear index requirement is required to be satisfied, but also a higher working efficiency is required to be achieved.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in the related art, and as shown in fig. 1, the Doherty power amplifier is composed of 2 to a plurality of power amplifier tubes, and is divided into a main power amplifier PA1 and an auxiliary power amplifier PA 2. The input signal is separated by the electric bridge and sent to the main power amplifier PA1 and the auxiliary power amplifier PA2, and then the two signals are amplified and synthesized into one signal. In order to compensate for the 90 ° phase difference caused by the bridge, the output of the main power amplifier PA1 needs to be phase-aligned by a 1/4 wavelength microstrip line. The symmetric DOHERTY power amplifier adopts the same power tubes as the main power amplifier PA1 and the auxiliary power amplifier PA2, has basically the same structure, has the characteristics of relatively easy design, good production consistency and the like, and is widely applied under the condition of low Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR for short). Under the condition, when the output power of the main power amplifier PA1 is smaller, the auxiliary power amplifier PA2 is in a turn-off state, in order to reduce the influence of the auxiliary power amplifier PA2 on the main power amplifier PA1, an OFFSET impedance line with proper electrical length is needed to carry out impedance transformation on the turn-off impedance of the power tube of the auxiliary power amplifier PA2, so that the combination point of the auxiliary power amplifier PA2 in the power synthesis unit is in a high-impedance open-circuit state relative to the main power amplifier PA1, when the output power of the main power amplifier PA1 is gradually increased, the auxiliary power amplifier PA2 starts to work, simultaneously, the load modulation is carried out on the main power amplifier PA1, so that the output impedance of the power tube of the main power amplifier PA1 continuously shifts from a highest-efficiency point to a maximum-power point, and finally reaches the maximum-power-point output impedance together with the power tube of the auxiliary power amplifier PA2, under the condition, the saturated power of the symmetrical Doherty power tube and the maximum-efficiency-point impedance need to satisfy the standing-wave ratio impedance relation, however, since the output impedance of the PA1 power tube of the symmetric Doherty main power amplifier cannot meet the requirement that the impedance is greater than the impedance of standing wave 2:1 when the auxiliary power amplifier is used for load modulation, the efficiency or the output power of the symmetric Doherty power amplifier is affected.
Meanwhile, in practical application, the impedance relationship between the maximum saturation power point and the maximum efficiency point of part of power tubes is larger than the 2:1 standing-wave ratio, and at the moment, if the power tubes are used for forming a symmetrical DOHERTY circuit, proper impedance needs to be selected in the area near the maximum power point and the maximum efficiency point for performance compromise, so that the maximum saturation power point and the maximum efficiency point meet the 2:1 standing-wave ratio relationship, and the output power and the working efficiency are also lost.
Aiming at the problem that the symmetric DOHERTY power amplifier circuit cannot meet the requirement of high peak-to-average power ratio in the related technology, an effective solution is not provided yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device and a power amplifier, which at least solve the problem that the symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit in the related art cannot meet the requirement of higher peak-to-average power ratio.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a symmetric Doherty power amplifier circuit device, comprising: the power distribution unit is used for distributing the input signals into multi-channel signals with preset phase difference and respectively outputting the multi-channel signals to the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel; a main amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises an additional phase-shifting network, a main amplification channel microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, and a main amplifier connected with the main amplification channel microstrip line, wherein the main amplifier is used for aligning the phases of a main amplification channel signal and an auxiliary amplification channel signal through the additional phase-shifting network and the main amplification channel microstrip line, and amplifying the power of the main amplification channel signal through the main amplifier; at least one auxiliary amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, an auxiliary amplifier connected with the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, and a reactance varying network with output power connected with the auxiliary amplifier are used for aligning the phases of an auxiliary amplification channel signal and a main amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, performing power amplification on the auxiliary amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplifier, and reducing the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary amplifier at a combining point when the auxiliary amplifier is cut off to a preset value through the reactance varying network with output power under the high-efficiency working state of a small signal of the main amplifier; and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing the signals input by the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel into a signal at a combination point and then outputting the signal.
Optionally, the phase characteristics of the additional phase shifting network are the same as the phase characteristics of the reactance variation with output power network.
Optionally, the additional phase shifting network is configured to: the phase difference caused by the reactance network as a function of output power is cancelled.
Optionally, the main amplification channel microstrip line is configured to: canceling out the predetermined phase difference and a phase difference caused by the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line and the auxiliary amplifier.
Optionally, the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line is configured to cancel a phase difference caused by the main amplification channel microstrip line and the main amplifier.
Optionally, the reactance-as-output-power variation network is configured to: and under the high-efficiency working state of the small signal of the main amplifier, the value of inductive impedance or capacitive impedance caused by the main amplifier at the combining point is controlled to reduce the turn-off impedance to a preset value.
Optionally, the additional phase shifting network is: an offset microstrip line, an LC phase-shift network or a RC phase-shift network.
Optionally, the reactance variation with output power network is: a bias microstrip line, a varactor, or a variable reactance circuit.
Optionally, the main amplification channel microstrip line includes: the phase-shifting amplifier comprises a first offset microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, a second offset microstrip line connected with the output end of the main amplifier, and an 1/4-wavelength microstrip line connected with the second offset microstrip line.
Optionally, the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises: the third bias microstrip line is connected with the power distribution unit, and the fourth bias microstrip line is connected with the reactance network which changes along with the output power.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier including: a main power amplification channel and one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, wherein the main power amplification channel comprises: the first compensation microstrip line, the main power amplifier and the second compensation microstrip line are sequentially connected in series; each of the auxiliary power amplification channels comprises: the third compensation microstrip line, supplementary power amplifier and the fourth compensation microstrip line of series connection in proper order, wherein, DOHERTY power amplifier still includes: a reactance-as-power variation network disposed on the auxiliary power amplification path, wherein the reactance-as-power variation network is operable to set an off-impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to a first predetermined threshold; and the additional phase shifting network is arranged on the main power amplification channel and used for enabling a first phase difference to be the same as a second phase difference, wherein the first phase difference is a phase difference between an input signal received by the input end of the main power amplification channel and an input signal received by the input end of the auxiliary power amplification channel, and the second phase difference is a phase difference between an output signal output by the output end of the main power amplification channel and an output signal output by the output end of the auxiliary power amplification channel.
Optionally, the reactance-power variation-with-power network is connected between the auxiliary power amplifier and the fourth compensation microstrip line, or the reactance-power variation-with-power network is connected between the fourth compensation microstrip line and the output end of the auxiliary power amplification channel.
Optionally, the additional phase shifting network is connected between the input end of the main power amplification channel and the first compensation microstrip line, or the additional phase shifting network is connected between the first compensation microstrip line and the main power amplifier.
Optionally, the phase and frequency characteristics of the additional phase shifting network are the same as the phase and frequency characteristics of the reactance variation with power network.
Optionally, the reactance-dependent power variation network, the additional phase shift network, the first compensating microstrip line, the second compensating microstrip line, the third compensating microstrip line, and the fourth compensating microstrip line are used together to make the first phase difference be the same as the second phase difference.
Optionally, the fourth compensating microstrip line is configured to enable the impedance of the auxiliary power amplification channel to be a second predetermined threshold and adjust the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to be a third predetermined threshold, where the third predetermined threshold is greater than the first predetermined threshold.
Optionally, the DOHERTY power amplifier further comprises: a power distribution unit for distributing power, wherein an input end of the power distribution unit is used for receiving an input signal, a first output end of the power distribution unit is connected to an input end of the additional phase-shifting network, and a second output end of the power distribution unit is connected to the third compensation microstrip line; and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing power, wherein a first input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the second compensation microstrip line through a microstrip impedance transformation line, a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the fourth compensation microstrip line, or a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the reactance network which changes along with power.
Optionally, the power distribution unit distributes the input signal into multiple paths of signals with a phase difference of 90 ° and inputs the multiple paths of signals to the main power amplification channel and the one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, respectively.
Optionally, the power of each of the multiple signals is 1/N of the power of the input signal, where N is the number of the multiple signals.
Optionally, the power distribution unit comprises a bridge.
Optionally, the additional phase shifting network comprises at least one of: a microstrip line; an LC phase-shifting network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor; and the RC phase-shifting network consists of a capacitor and a resistor.
Optionally, the reactance-as-power network comprises at least one of: a microstrip line; a varactor diode; a reactive circuit.
By the invention, a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier is used, comprising: a main power amplification channel and one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, wherein the main power amplification channel comprises: the first compensation microstrip line, the main power amplifier and the second compensation microstrip line are sequentially connected in series; each auxiliary power amplification channel includes: the third compensation microstrip line, supplementary power amplifier and the fourth compensation microstrip line of series connection in proper order, wherein, DOHERTY power amplifier still includes: a reactance-with-power variation network disposed on the auxiliary power amplification path, wherein the reactance-with-power variation network is configured to set a turn-off impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to a first predetermined threshold; and the additional phase shifting network is arranged on the main power amplification channel and used for enabling a first phase difference to be the same as a second phase difference, wherein the first phase difference is the phase difference between an input signal received by the input end of the main power amplification channel and an input signal received by the input end of the auxiliary power amplification channel, and the second phase difference is the phase difference between an output signal output by the output end of the main power amplification channel and an output signal output by the output end of the auxiliary power amplification channel. The problem that the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit can not adapt to the requirement of a high peak-to-average power ratio in the related technology is solved, the standing-wave ratio relation between the saturation power and the maximum efficiency point impedance of a main power amplifier is further improved, the application range of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit is expanded, the efficiency of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit in the high peak-to-average power ratio application can be improved, the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit can adapt to the requirement of the high peak-to-average power ratio, and meanwhile, the linear effect of the power amplifier is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in the related art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DOHERTY power amplifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram (one) of a power amplifier DOHERTY power amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram (two) of a power amplifier DOHERTY power amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the turn-off impedance when the auxiliary amplifier is turned off in the related art;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary amplifier turn-off impedance according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the impedance of the combining point when the auxiliary amplifier transitions from an off state of operation to a high power output state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the characteristics of output power and additional phase shift introduced by a reactance versus power network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the output power and additional phase shift characteristic of a DOHERTY power amplifier in the related art;
fig. 10 is a graph of the characteristic of DOHERTY power amplifier output power and additional phase shift in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
In this embodiment, a symmetric DOHERTY power amplifier is provided, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a DOHERTY power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, including: a main power amplification path 22 and one or more auxiliary power amplification paths 24, wherein the main power amplification path 22 comprises: the first compensation microstrip line, the main power amplifier and the second compensation microstrip line are sequentially connected in series; each auxiliary power amplification channel 24 includes: the third compensation microstrip line, supplementary power amplifier and the fourth compensation microstrip line of series connection in proper order, wherein, this DOHERTY power amplifier still includes: a reactance-dependent power variation network 242 disposed on the auxiliary power amplification path 24, wherein the reactance-dependent power variation network 242 is operable to set the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to a first predetermined threshold; and an additional phase shifting network 222 disposed on the main power amplifying channel 22, wherein the additional phase shifting network 222 is configured to make a first phase difference equal to a second phase difference, the first phase difference being a phase difference between an input signal received at the input end of the main power amplifying channel and an input signal received at the input end of the auxiliary power amplifying channel, and the second phase difference being a phase difference between an output signal output at the output end of the main power amplifying channel and an output signal output at the output end of the auxiliary power amplifying channel.
Through the additional phase shifting network added to the main power amplification channel and the reactance changed network with the power increased by the auxiliary power amplification channel in the DOHERTY power amplifier, the problem that a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplification circuit cannot adapt to a high peak-to-average power ratio requirement in the related technology is solved through adjusting the additional phase shifting network and the auxiliary power amplification channel, the standing-wave ratio relation between the main power amplification saturation power and the maximum efficiency point impedance is further improved, the application range of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplification circuit is expanded, the efficiency of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplification circuit applied to the high peak-to-average power ratio can be improved, the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplification circuit can adapt to the high peak-to-average power ratio requirement, and meanwhile, a certain effect of improving the linearity of the power amplification is achieved.
A reactance-dependent power variation network 242 is provided on the auxiliary power amplification path 24. in an alternative embodiment, the reactance-dependent power variation network 242 is connected between the auxiliary power amplifier and the fourth compensating microstrip line, or alternatively, the reactance-dependent power variation network 242 is connected between the fourth compensating microstrip line and the output of the auxiliary power amplification path.
An additional phase shifting network 222 is disposed in the main power amplification path 22. in an alternative embodiment, the additional phase shifting network 222 is connected between the input of the main power amplification path 22 and the first compensating microstrip line, or alternatively, the additional phase shifting network 222 is connected between the first compensating microstrip line and the main power amplifier.
In an alternative embodiment, the phase and frequency characteristics of additional phase shifting network 222 are the same as the phase and frequency characteristics of reactance variation with power network 242.
In an alternative embodiment, the reactance-dependent power variation network 242, the additional phase shifting network 222, the first compensating microstrip line, the second compensating microstrip line, the third compensating microstrip line and the fourth compensating microstrip line are used together to make the first phase difference and the second phase difference the same.
In an alternative embodiment, the fourth compensating microstrip line is configured to make the impedance of the auxiliary power amplification path a second predetermined threshold and adjust the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to a third predetermined threshold, where the third predetermined threshold is greater than the first predetermined threshold.
The DOHERTY power amplifier further comprises other parts so as to better enable the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit to adapt to the higher peak-to-average ratio requirement. In an alternative embodiment, the DOHERTY power amplifier further comprises a power splitting unit for splitting power, wherein an input of the power splitting unit is configured to receive an input signal, a first output of the power splitting unit is connected to the input of the additional phase shifting network, and a second output of the power splitting unit is connected to the third compensating microstrip line; and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing power, wherein a first input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the second compensation microstrip line through a microstrip impedance transformation line, a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the fourth compensation microstrip line, or a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the reactance network which changes along with power.
In an alternative embodiment, the power distribution unit distributes the input signal into a plurality of signals having a phase difference of 90 ° and inputs the plurality of signals to the main power amplification channel and the one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, respectively.
In an alternative embodiment, the power of each of the plurality of signals is 1/N of the power of the input signal, where N is the number of the plurality of signals.
In an alternative embodiment, the power distribution unit comprises an electrical bridge.
Additional phase shifting network 222 may be formed in a variety of ways, as will be illustrated below. In an alternative embodiment, additional phase shifting network 222 includes at least one of: a microstrip line; an LC phase-shifting network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor; and the RC phase-shifting network consists of a capacitor and a resistor.
The reactance variation with power network 224 may also be formed in a variety of ways, as will be illustrated below. In an alternative embodiment, the reactance variation with power network 224 includes at least one of: a microstrip line; a varactor diode; a reactive circuit.
In this embodiment, a symmetric Doherty power amplifier circuit device is further provided, and the device is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and the description already made is omitted for brevity. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
In this embodiment, a symmetric Doherty power amplifier circuit device is further provided, which includes: the power distribution unit is used for distributing the input signals into multi-channel signals with preset phase difference and respectively outputting the multi-channel signals to the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel; a main amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises an additional phase-shifting network, a main amplification channel microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, and a main amplifier connected with the main amplification channel microstrip line, wherein the main amplifier is used for aligning the phases of a main amplification channel signal and an auxiliary amplification channel signal through the additional phase-shifting network and the main amplification channel microstrip line, and amplifying the power of the main amplification channel signal through the main amplifier; at least one auxiliary amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, an auxiliary amplifier connected with the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, and a reactance varying network with output power connected with the auxiliary amplifier are used for aligning the phases of an auxiliary amplification channel signal and a main amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, performing power amplification on the auxiliary amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplifier, and reducing the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary amplifier at a combining point when the auxiliary amplifier is cut off to a preset value through the reactance varying network with output power under the high-efficiency working state of a small signal of the main amplifier; and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing the signals input by the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel into a signal path at the combining node and outputting the signal path.
Through the additional phase shifting network added to the main power amplification channel and the reactance-dependent power change network added to the auxiliary power amplification channel in the DOHERTY power amplifier circuit device, the problem that a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit cannot adapt to a high peak-to-average power ratio requirement in the related art is solved through adjustment of the additional phase shifting network and the auxiliary power amplification channel, the standing-wave ratio relation between the main power amplification saturation power and the maximum efficiency point impedance is further improved, the application range of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit is expanded, the efficiency of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit applied to the peak-to-average power ratio can be improved, the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit can adapt to the high peak-to-average power ratio requirement, and meanwhile, a certain power amplifier linearity improving effect is achieved.
In an alternative embodiment, the phase characteristics of the additional phase shifting network are the same as the phase characteristics of the reactance variation with output power network.
In an alternative embodiment, an additional phase shifting network is used to: the phase difference caused by the reactance network as a function of output power is cancelled.
In an alternative embodiment, the main amplification channel microstrip line is for: the predetermined phase difference and the phase difference caused by the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line and the auxiliary amplifier are cancelled.
In an alternative embodiment, an auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line is used to cancel the phase difference caused by the main amplification channel microstrip line and the main amplifier.
In an alternative embodiment, the reactance-as-output power variation network is operable to: under the high-efficiency working state of the small signal of the main amplifier, the value of inductive impedance or capacitive impedance caused by the main amplifier at the combining point is controlled to reduce the turn-off impedance to a preset value.
In an alternative embodiment, the additional phase shifting network is: an offset microstrip line, an LC phase-shift network or a RC phase-shift network.
In an alternative embodiment, the reactance as a function of output power network is: a bias microstrip line, a varactor, or a variable reactance circuit.
In an alternative embodiment, the main amplification channel microstrip line comprises: a first bias microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, a second bias microstrip line connected with the output end of the main amplifier, and an 1/4 wavelength microstrip line connected with the second bias microstrip line.
In an alternative embodiment, the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises: a third bias microstrip line connected with the power distribution unit and a fourth bias microstrip line connected with the network whose reactance changes with the output power.
The invention mainly aims to provide a symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit, aims to improve the efficiency of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit in high peak-to-average power ratio application, and has a certain effect of improving the linearity of the power amplifier.
An alternative embodiment of the present invention provides a DOHERTY power amplifier circuit, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power amplifier DOHERTY power amplifier circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention, and a schematic block diagram is shown in fig. 3, where the circuit includes a power distribution unit 1, a main amplification unit 2, a power synthesis unit 4, at least one auxiliary amplification unit 3, an additional phase shift network 8 connected in series to the main amplification unit 2, a reactance variation-with-output-power network 9 connected in series to an output end of the auxiliary amplifier, and a relevant OFFSET connection line 6, 7, 10, 11, and 1/4 wavelength impedance conversion line 5. The additional phase shifting network 8 has the same phase characteristics as the reactance variation with output power network 9 and is used to cancel the phase difference introduced by increasing the reactance variation with output power network 9.
The power distribution unit 1 comprises a bridge, the input end of the bridge is connected with an input signal, and the two output ends of the bridge are respectively connected with an additional phase shifting network 8 of the main amplification unit and an input OFFSET wire 6 of the auxiliary amplification unit.
The main amplifying unit 2 comprises a main amplifier, the auxiliary amplifying unit 3 comprises an auxiliary amplifier, an additional phase-shifting network 8 is connected to the output end of the bridge, the input end of the main amplifier is connected with the additional phase-shifting network 8 through an OFFSET wire 7, and a 1/4-wavelength microstrip impedance transformation wire 5 is connected between the output end of the main amplifier PA3 and the power synthesis unit 4.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of fig. 3 further refined with reference to the specific example, and the power distribution unit distributes the input signals into a plurality of paths of signals with 90 ° phase difference and outputs the signals to the main amplification unit and the auxiliary amplification unit for amplification;
a main amplification channel composed of the additional phase shift network 8, the input OFFSET line 7, the main amplifier PA3, the output OFFSET line 10, the 1/4 wavelength microstrip impedance transformation line 5, an auxiliary amplification path composed of the input OFFSET line 6, the auxiliary amplifier PA4, the reactance variation with output power network 9, and the output OFFSET line 11, an OFFSET compensation microstrip line connected between the input terminal of the auxiliary amplifier PA4 and the output terminal of the bridge, and between the output terminal of the auxiliary amplifier PA4 and the reactance variation with output power unit 9, and between the reactance variation with output power unit 9 and the power synthesis unit 4. The OFFSET wire 6 mainly performs the phase alignment with the main path, and the OFFSET wire 11 mainly performs the impedance matching and the function of increasing the off-resistance when the PA4 is turned off.
By reasonably selecting the lengths of the OFFSET wires 6, 7, 10 and 11 and the phase characteristics of the additional phase shift network 8 and the reactance change network 9 along with the output power, the phase alignment of the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path can be realized, and the signals of the main path and the auxiliary path with the phase difference OFFSET are synthesized into a signal and then output by the combining unit 4.
In a general design, the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 needs to make its turn-off impedance approach to an open circuit state at a combining point through an appropriate OFFSET 11 impedance line as shown in fig. 5, so that the impedances of the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path at the combining point are substantially the same under the condition that the power amplifier outputs a large signal, that is, the standing-wave ratio of the front and the rear is 1: 1, at this time, the saturation power and the maximum efficiency point impedance of the symmetrical Doherty power tube need to satisfy the standing-wave ratio impedance relationship of 2: 1.
In the power amplifier circuit, the power amplifier device and the matching method thereof according to the optional embodiments of the present invention, the network 9 that the reactance varies with the output power is added behind the auxiliary power amplifier PA4, so that the closed impedance of the combining point is properly deviated from the open state, and thus when the main power amplifier PA3 operates in the small-signal high efficiency state, the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 and the network 9 that the reactance varies with the output power introduce a certain inductive or capacitive impedance at the combining point as shown in fig. 6, and the impedance value at the combining point is controlled to reduce the combining point impedance of the main power amplifier when the main power amplifier operates in the small-signal high efficiency state.
When the main power amplifier PA3 works at high power, the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 and the reactance change with the output power network 9 load traction function, the auxiliary amplifier PA4 will change between the impedance value in the cut-off state and the impedance value in the high power state at the combining point parallel impedance, the result is shown in figure 7, the capacitive load cut-off state load value is used for example, at this time, the standing wave ratio of the combining point impedance value caused by the combined point impedance reduction caused by the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 and the reactance change with the output power network 9 under the condition of the impedance value corresponding to the maximum output power and the low power is increased, the corresponding standing wave ratio of the maximum output power and the maximum output efficiency impedance of the power tube of the Doherty main amplifier can be improved, thus the main power amplifier standing wave ratio range caused by the auxiliary power amplifier load modulation can satisfy the requirement that the non-pair impedance standing wave ratio relation is larger than 2:1, therefore, the adaptive range of the peak-to-average power ratio of the symmetric DOHERTY power amplifier circuit is expanded while the saturation power and the efficiency are ensured, meanwhile, the inductive reactance or the capacitive reactance can be flexibly introduced by adjusting the reactance of the network 9 with the change of the reactance along with the output power, so that the inductive reactance or the capacitive reactance is equivalently connected in parallel to the ground in an output combining unit in a small signal state, the initial phase of the small signal output can be additionally advanced or lagged by a certain angle, when the power amplifier outputs a large signal, the parallel reactance disappears due to the load traction effect of the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 and the reactance along with the change of the output power network 9, the previously added phase shifting angle is eliminated as shown in figure 8, and the phase shifting angle can be opposite to the AM-PM characteristic (shown in figure 9) of the common DOHERTY power amplifier by reasonably designing the network 9 with the change of the reactance along with the output power connected with the auxiliary power amplifier PA4, the AM-PM distortion of the whole power amplifier can be improved by offsetting the AM-PM distortion to a certain degree, so that the linear index of the power amplifier is improved, the specific effect schematic diagram of the improved AM-PM is shown in FIG. 10, and it can be seen from FIG. 10 that after the optional embodiment of the invention is adopted, the range of the AM-PM characteristic of the power amplifier along with the power amplifier power change can be reduced to 0.22-0.35 from the original 0-0.3 (radian), and the reduction of the AM-PM change range shows that the AM-PM characteristic is improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram (ii) of a power amplifier DOHERTY power amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4:
the power distribution unit 1, the additional phase shift network 8, the 50 ohm microstrip line OFFSET 7, the main amplifier PA3, the 50 ohm microstrip line OFFSET 10 and the 50 ohm 1/4 wavelength microstrip line 5 form a main amplification path.
The 50 ohm microstrip line OFFSET 6, the auxiliary amplifier PA4, the reactance varying network 9 with the output power and the 50 ohm microstrip line OFFSET 11 form an auxiliary amplifying path. The main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path are respectively connected with the power distribution unit 1 and the power synthesis unit 4 to form a 50-ohm 2-path symmetrical Doherty circuit.
The power distribution unit 1 is composed of a bridge and peripheral circuits thereof, it should be noted that the bridge in this example may be a 3dB, 5dB or other standard bridge, and is not limited herein, and for convenience of description, the bridge is only exemplified as a 3dB bridge in this example. The input end of the 3dB bridge is connected with an input signal, and the two output ends of the 3dB bridge are respectively connected with the additional phase-shifting network 8 and the OFFSET wire 6 of the auxiliary amplifying unit 3.
The additional phase-shifting network 8 in this example is composed of a microstrip line, it should be noted that the network may also be composed of an LC phase-shifting network or a capacitor composed of an inductor and a capacitor, and an RC phase-shifting network composed of a resistor, the phase-shifting characteristics of the network need to be the same as the phase-shifting characteristics of the reactance change with output power network 9, the specific form is not limited herein, the network is connected with the main amplifier PA3 through the OFFSET 7, the input end of the auxiliary amplifier PA4 is connected with the output end of the 3dB bridge through the OFFSET 6, the output end of the auxiliary amplifier PA4 changes with output power through the reactance change network 9, and the output OFFSET 11 is connected to the combining output unit 4, when the DOHERTY circuit works, the reactance change with output power change network 9 and the output power change with the working state of the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 together, so as to change the impedance of the combining point (point P in the drawing of the description), the network 9 in which the reactance varies with the output power is constituted by a microstrip line of suitable electrical length, in other cases it may also be constituted by a voltage-controlled varactor or other controlled variable reactance circuit.
In this example, the length of the 50-ohm microstrip line of the power change network 9 connected with the auxiliary amplifier PA4 is adjusted, so that the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary amplifier PA4 power tube presents capacitive reactance at the combining point, and-12 ° initial phase shift is added, and at this time, the impedance relationship between the saturated power point and the maximum efficiency point of the main power amplifier PA3 power tube satisfies the asymmetric ratio relationship of 2.5:1, and can better satisfy the requirement of about 8dB peak-to-average ratio. Because the main power amplifier PA3 and the auxiliary power amplifier PA4 both adopt the same power tube and have the same circuit structure, the application range of the symmetrical DOHERTY in the high peak-to-average ratio (PAR >6dB) is expanded by the circuit, and the corresponding initial phase shift can compensate the AM-PM distortion of the circuit to a certain degree, thereby improving the linear index of the circuit.
The circuit structure and principle of the power amplifier circuit of the power amplifier device provided in the alternative embodiment of the present invention can refer to the foregoing description, and are not described herein again. Due to the adoption of the power amplifier circuit, the output power and the efficiency are improved, the adaptability of the power amplifier circuit to high peak-to-average ratio signals is expanded, the AM-PM characteristic is improved to a certain extent, and the linear index of the Doherty power amplifier is improved.
The power amplifier circuit, the power amplifier device and the design method thereof improve the standing-wave ratio relation between the saturation power of the main power amplifier and the impedance of the maximum efficiency point by respectively adding the additional phase-shifting network and the reactance varying network along with the output power to the main power amplifier unit and the auxiliary power amplifier unit and controlling the impedance characteristic when the power tube of the auxiliary amplifier at the combining point is cut off, expand the application range of the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit and enable the symmetrical DOHERTY power amplifier circuit to be suitable for higher peak-to-average power ratio requirements.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A symmetrical Doherty power amplifier circuit device is characterized by comprising:
the power distribution unit is used for distributing the input signals into multi-channel signals with preset phase difference and respectively outputting the multi-channel signals to the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel;
a main amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises an additional phase-shifting network, a main amplification channel microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, and a main amplifier connected with the main amplification channel microstrip line, wherein the main amplifier is used for aligning the phases of a main amplification channel signal and an auxiliary amplification channel signal through the additional phase-shifting network and the main amplification channel microstrip line, and amplifying the power of the main amplification channel signal through the main amplifier;
at least one auxiliary amplification channel comprising: the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, an auxiliary amplifier connected with the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, and a reactance varying network with output power connected with the auxiliary amplifier are used for aligning the phases of an auxiliary amplification channel signal and a main amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line, performing power amplification on the auxiliary amplification channel signal through the auxiliary amplifier, and reducing the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary amplifier at a combining point when the auxiliary amplifier is cut off to a preset value through the reactance varying network with output power under the high-efficiency working state of a small signal of the main amplifier;
and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing the signals input by the main amplification channel and the auxiliary amplification channel into a signal at a combination point and then outputting the signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the phase characteristics of said additional phase shifting network are the same as the phase characteristics of said reactance variation with output power network.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the additional phase shifting network is configured to: the phase difference caused by the reactance network as a function of output power is cancelled.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the main amplification channel microstrip line is configured to: canceling out the predetermined phase difference and a phase difference caused by the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line and the auxiliary amplifier.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line is configured to cancel a phase difference caused by the main amplification channel microstrip line and the main amplifier.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reactance as a function of output power network is configured to: and under the high-efficiency working state of the small signal of the main amplifier, the value of inductive impedance or capacitive impedance caused by the main amplifier at the combining point is controlled to reduce the turn-off impedance to a preset value.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the additional phase shifting network is: an offset microstrip line, an LC phase-shift network or a RC phase-shift network.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reactance as a function of output power network is: a bias microstrip line, a varactor, or a variable reactance circuit.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the main amplification channel microstrip comprises: the phase-shifting amplifier comprises a first offset microstrip line connected with the additional phase-shifting network, a second offset microstrip line connected with the output end of the main amplifier, and an 1/4-wavelength microstrip line connected with the second offset microstrip line.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary amplification channel microstrip line comprises: the third bias microstrip line is connected with the power distribution unit, and the fourth bias microstrip line is connected with the reactance network which changes along with the output power.
11. A symmetric DOHERTY power amplifier comprising: a main power amplification channel and one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, wherein the main power amplification channel comprises: the first compensation microstrip line, the main power amplifier and the second compensation microstrip line are sequentially connected in series; each of the auxiliary power amplification channels comprises: the third compensation microstrip line, supplementary power amplifier and the fourth compensation microstrip line of series connection in proper order, wherein, DOHERTY power amplifier still includes:
a reactance-as-power variation network disposed on the auxiliary power amplification path, wherein the reactance-as-power variation network is operable to set an off-impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to a first predetermined threshold;
an additional phase shifting network disposed on the main power amplifying channel, wherein the additional phase shifting network is configured to make a first phase difference equal to a second phase difference, wherein the first phase difference is a phase difference between an input signal received by an input end of the main power amplifying channel and an input signal received by an input end of the auxiliary power amplifying channel, and the second phase difference is a phase difference between an output signal output by an output end of the main power amplifying channel and an output signal output by an output end of the auxiliary power amplifying channel;
the fourth compensating microstrip line is used for enabling the impedance of the auxiliary power amplification channel to be a second predetermined threshold and adjusting the turn-off impedance of the auxiliary power amplifier to be a third predetermined threshold, wherein the third predetermined threshold is larger than the first predetermined threshold.
12. A DOHERTY power amplifier according to claim 11 and wherein the reactance varying power network is connected between the auxiliary power amplifier and the fourth compensating microstrip line or between the fourth compensating microstrip line and the output of the auxiliary power amplifying channel.
13. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11, wherein the additional phase shifting network is connected between the input of the main power amplifying channel and the first compensating microstrip line, or wherein the additional phase shifting network is connected between the first compensating microstrip line and the main power amplifier.
14. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11 wherein the phase and frequency characteristics of the additional phase shifting network are the same as the phase and frequency characteristics of the reactance variation with power network.
15. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11, wherein the reactance-dependent power network, the additional phase shifting network, the first compensating microstrip line, the second compensating microstrip line, the third compensating microstrip line and the fourth compensating microstrip line are collectively configured such that the first phase difference is the same as the second phase difference.
16. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11 further comprising:
a power distribution unit for distributing power, wherein an input end of the power distribution unit is used for receiving an input signal, a first output end of the power distribution unit is connected to an input end of the additional phase-shifting network, and a second output end of the power distribution unit is connected to the third compensation microstrip line;
and the power synthesis unit is used for synthesizing power, wherein a first input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the second compensation microstrip line through a microstrip impedance transformation line, a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the fourth compensation microstrip line, or a second input end of the power synthesis unit is connected with the reactance network which changes along with power.
17. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 16, wherein the power splitting unit splits the input signals into a plurality of signals having a phase difference of 90 ° and inputs the plurality of signals to the main power amplification channel and the one or more auxiliary power amplification channels, respectively.
18. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 17, wherein the power of each of the plurality of signals is 1/N of the power of the input signal, where N is the number of the plurality of signals.
19. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 16 wherein the power splitting cell comprises an electrical bridge.
20. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11 wherein the additional phase shifting network comprises at least one of:
a microstrip line;
an LC phase-shifting network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor;
and the RC phase-shifting network consists of a capacitor and a resistor.
21. The DOHERTY power amplifier of claim 11 wherein the reactance variation with power network comprises at least one of:
a microstrip line;
a varactor diode;
a reactive circuit.
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| PCT/CN2016/082085 WO2017028563A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2016-05-13 | Symmetry doherty power amplification circuit apparatus and power amplifier |
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| CN107276542A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-20 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Doherty power amplifier devices |
| CN109286377A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The linearization process circuit and method of radiofrequency signal |
| CN108336975B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2022-02-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Out-of-phase power amplifier, method and device for realizing output matching of out-of-phase power amplifier and power amplifier branch |
| CN109067364B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2022-04-19 | 佛山市顺德区中山大学研究院 | Doherty power amplifier with broadband and efficient output |
| CN109962686B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2023-03-21 | 宁波大学 | Dual-mode radio frequency power amplification system |
| CN111682852B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2024-01-26 | 重庆嘉旦微电子有限公司 | High-efficiency three-way doherty power amplifier based on power ratio and phase adjustable bridge |
| CN114024507B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-07-01 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Power amplifier circuit, radio frequency front-end circuit, electronic equipment and signal amplification method |
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