CN106233835B - A kind of multi-parameter can adjust vibrating scarifier and adjustment operational method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological field, more particularly to a kind of multi-parameter can adjust vibrating scarifier and adjustment operational method.Multi-parameter can adjust vibrating scarifier,Including frame (1),Hanger bracket (2),Change gearbox (3),Subsoiling work monomer and the deep adjusting means (4) of limit,Limiting deep adjusting means (4) includes regulation mounting seat (401),Telescopic oil cylinder (402),Gauge wheel (403),Tachogenerator (404),Limit ramus profundus frame (405),Support mounting seat (406) and support shaft (407),Multiple subsoiling work monomers are arranged in frame (1),Each subsoiling work monomer includes variable regulation exciting device (5),Pull bar (6) and loose soil (7),Variable regulation exciting device (5),Including speed probe (501),First bearing seat (502),First fluted disc axle (503),Connecting rod (504),Fluted disc (505),Second fluted disc axle (506),3rd fluted disc axle (507) and second bearing seat (508).

Description

A multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier and adjustment operation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier and an adjustment operation method.

Background technique

Subsoiling is an important soil cultivation technology. It loosens the soil, breaks the plow bottom layer, and deepens the plow layer without turning the soil, so as to adjust the three phases of soil solid, liquid, and gas, improve soil structure, and reduce soil erosion. And the purpose of improving the ability of water storage and moisture conservation. Large-scale implementation of soil subsoiling in major grain-producing areas is an urgent requirement for increasing grain production. However, the subsoiling operation is a "big energy consumer", with high traction resistance and high power consumption. Under the background of energy saving and emission reduction, the low consumption and drag reduction of subsoilers has become an urgent problem to be solved. Vibratory subsoiling can effectively reduce tillage resistance, and is an effective way to solve the high energy consumption of subsoiling. The subsoiling machines currently used have problems such as unstable subsoiling depth, unreliable work, and high energy consumption for farming. Moreover, the position and thickness of the plow bottom layer formed by the soil type, climatic conditions, farming methods, and the machines used in different regions They are all different, and the subsoiler needs to adjust its structural parameters accordingly according to the change of working conditions. Patent No. CN103597922B "Frequency Adjustable Vibration Subsoiling Machine" realizes adjustable frequency vibration subsoiling operation by replacing different cams. Its disadvantages are limited to fine-tuning of the vibration frequency, inconvenient installation and adjustment, unstable operation of the cam when there is a load, and other problems. Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop a general-purpose subsoiler with adjustable working parameters that can be applied in different regions, which is of great significance to further popularize subsoiling technology.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-parameter adjustable vibrating scarifier, which can adjust the operating parameters of the machine tool according to different soil conditions and subsoiling operation requirements, so as to realize efficient and high-quality subsoiling operations.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier, including a frame 1, a suspension frame 2 and a variable speed transmission box 3, wherein the suspension frame 2 and the variable speed transmission box 3 are fixedly installed on the frame 1, and the multi-parameter adjustable vibration The scarifier also includes a subsoiling work unit and a depth-limiting adjustment device 4, wherein,

The depth limit adjustment device 4 includes an adjustment mount 401, a telescopic oil cylinder 402, a depth limit wheel 403, a speed sensor 404, a depth limit support 405, a support mount 406 and a support shaft 407, wherein one end of the adjustment mount 401 and the support mount One end of 406 is fixedly connected on the rear beam of frame 1, one end of depth-limiting bracket 405 is connected with the other end of bracket mount 406, the upper end of telescopic oil cylinder 402 is connected with the other end of adjustment mount 401, and the lower end is connected with depth-limiting bracket 405 Connected, the other end of the depth-limiting bracket 405 is equipped with a support shaft 407, the depth-limiting wheel 403 is installed on the support shaft 407, and a speed sensor 404 is also installed on the support shaft 407 for measuring the rotating speed of the support shaft 407;

A plurality of subsoiling working units are arranged on the frame 1, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the speed change transmission box 3, each subsoiling working unit includes a variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5, a pull rod 6 and a soil loosening component 7, wherein,

The variable adjustment vibration device 5 includes a rotational speed sensor 501, a first bearing seat 502, a first toothed disc shaft 503, a connecting rod 504, a toothed disc 505, a second toothed disc shaft 506, a third toothed disc shaft 507 and a second bearing Seat 508, the first toothed disc shaft 503, the second toothed disc shaft 506, and the third toothed disc shaft 507 are all integrally formed structures of the half shaft and the toothed disc, and the first toothed disc shaft 503 is installed on the first bearing seat 502. Bearings are installed between them, the speed sensor 501 is installed on the first bearing seat 502, the toothed plate 505 is fixedly installed on the second toothed plate shaft 506, and the connecting rod 504 is installed between the toothed plate 505 and the second toothed plate shaft 506, A bearing is installed between the connecting rod 504 and the second chainring shaft 506, the third chainring shaft 507 is installed on the second bearing seat 508, and a bearing is installed between the two. The chainring of the first chainring shaft 503 and the teeth The discs 505 are detachably connected through toothed meshing, and the toothed discs of the second toothed shaft 506 and the third toothed shaft 507 are detachably connected after toothed meshing; variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5. Fixedly installed on the frame 1 through the first bearing seat 502 and the second bearing seat 508;

The front end of the pull rod 6 is rotatably connected to the front beam of the frame 1 through the rotating pin 8, and the middle part of the pull rod 6 is connected to the connecting rod 504 of the variable adjustment vibration exciting device 5 through the pin shaft 9;

The soil loosening part 7 comprises a shovel seat 701, a shovel post 702 and a shovel head 703, the shovel seat 701 is detachably fixedly installed on the rear end of the pull rod 6, the shovel post 702 upper end is detachably fixed on the shovel seat 701, and the lower end is detachably fixed on the shovel seat 701. A shovel head 703 is fixedly installed;

A plurality of subsoiling working units are arranged on the frame 1, wherein, the third chainring shaft 507 in the variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5 in the subsoiling working unit close to the transmission box 3 is connected to the output end of the transmission box 3 It is connected by a coupling, and the adjacent subsoiling working units are connected by a cross-shaft universal coupling.

The number of subsoiling working units is 4 groups.

The working phases of the 4 variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 in the 4 groups of subsoiling working units are as follows: the phases of the two sets of variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 in the middle are consistent, and the phases of the two groups of variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 on both sides are consistent. The working phase angles of the variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5 and the variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5 on both sides differ by 180 degrees.

The toothed discs of the first toothed disc shaft 503 , the toothed disc 505 , the second toothed disc shaft 506 and the third toothed disc shaft 507 are all disc toothed structures.

The shovel base 701 is provided with mounting holes, and the shovel head 703 is a chisel-shaped shovel structure.

The method includes a vibration frequency adjustment method, an amplitude adjustment method, a vibration angle adjustment method and a soil entry angle adjustment method, wherein:

The vibration frequency adjustment method is to change the reduction ratio of its output by adjusting the number of teeth of the mating gears engaged in the transmission in the box of the variable speed transmission box 3;

The amplitude adjustment method adjusts the relative vertical height between adjacent toothed disc shafts in order to change the difference in the meshing position between the connected toothed discs, and then changes the variable to adjust the output amplitude of the vibration exciting device 5;

The method of adjusting the vibration angle is to adjust the vibration angle by changing the positions of the mounting holes of the shovel column 702 and the shovel base 701;

The adjustment method of the entry angle is to adjust the entry angle of the soil loosening component 7 by changing and installing the shovel heads 703 with different inclination angles.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The subsoiler disclosed in the present invention adopts an active vibrating soil loosening operation method, and can realize real-time adjustment of vibration frequency, amplitude, vibration angle and soil penetration angle according to different soil conditions and subsoiling operation requirements. Other machines can reduce the resistance by about 30%, and the vibration subsoiler is easy to manufacture, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced as long as it is produced in batches. At the same time, the vibratory subsoiler has less soil disturbance, less power consumption and reliable structure during the working process. Compared with other types of subsoilers, it can achieve the effect of reducing costs and increasing profits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a right view of a multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the variable-adjustment vibration excitation device of the present invention.

Reference signs:

1 Frame 2 Suspension Frame 3 Variable Speed Transmission Box

4 Depth limit adjustment device 401 Adjustment mounting base 402 Telescopic oil cylinder

403 Depth-limiting wheel 404 Speed sensor 405 Depth-limiting bracket

406 Bracket Mounting Seat 407 Supporting Shaft 5 Variable Adjustment Vibration Device

6 tie rods 8 revolving pins 9 pin shafts

501 Speed sensor 502 The first bearing seat 503 The first chainring shaft

504 connecting rod 505 chainring 506 second chainring shaft

507 The third sprocket shaft 508 The second bearing seat 7 Loose soil parts

701 shovel seat 702 shovel column 703 shovel head

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a multi-parameter adjustable vibrating scarifier includes a frame 1, a suspension frame 2, a transmission box 3, a subsoiling working unit, and a depth-limiting adjustment device 4.

Suspension frame 2 is fixedly installed on the front beam of frame 1, and speed change transmission box 3 is fixedly installed on frame 1 middle part top.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the depth limit adjustment device 4 includes an adjustment mount 401 , a telescopic oil cylinder 402 , a depth limit wheel 403 , a speed sensor 404 , a depth limit bracket 405 , a bracket mount 406 and a support shaft 407 . Wherein, one end of the adjusting mounting base 401 and one end of the bracket mounting base 406 are fixedly connected on the rear beam of the frame 1, one end of the depth-limiting bracket 405 is connected with the other end of the bracket mounting base 406, and the upper end of the telescopic oil cylinder 402 is connected with the adjusting mounting base. The other end of 401 is connected, and the lower end is connected with the depth-limiting support 405, by controlling the length of the telescopic oil cylinder 402, the control of the tillage depth of the implement is realized. The other end of the depth-limiting bracket 405 is equipped with a support shaft 407 on which a depth-limiting wheel 403 is installed, and a speed sensor 404 is also installed on the support shaft 407 for measuring the rotating speed of the support shaft 407 .

Multiple subsoiling working units are arranged on the frame 1 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission case 3 . In this embodiment, the number of subsoiling working units is 4 groups. Each subsoiling working unit includes a variable adjustment vibration device 5 , a pull rod 6 and a soil loosening component 7 .

As shown in Figure 3, the variable-variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5 includes a speed sensor 501, a first bearing seat 502, a first toothed disc shaft 503, a connecting rod 504, a toothed disc 505, a second toothed disc shaft 506, and a third toothed disc Shaft 507 and second bearing seat 508.

The first chainring shaft 503 , the second chainring shaft 506 and the third chainring shaft 507 are all integrally formed structures of the half shaft and the chainring.

A first chainring shaft 503 is installed on the first bearing seat 502, and a bearing is installed between the two. The rotational speed sensor 501 is mounted on the first bearing seat 502 and is used to measure the rotational speed of the first chainring shaft 503 .

The chainring 505 is fixedly installed on the second chainring shaft 506 , the connecting rod 504 is installed between the chainring 505 and the second chainring shaft 506 , and a bearing is installed between the connecting rod 504 and the second chainring shaft 506 .

The third chainring shaft 507 is installed on the second bearing seat 508, and a bearing is installed between the two.

The chainring of the first chainring shaft 503 and the toothing disc 505 are detachably connected by bolts after toothed engagement, and the chainring of the second chainring shaft 506 and the chainring of the third chainring shaft 507 are connected by teeth After shape meshing, they are detachably connected by bolts. The tooth discs of the first chainring shaft 503, the tooth disc 505, the second chainring shaft 506 and the third chainring shaft 507 are all disc-shaped tooth structures. By adjusting the adjacent teeth The gear meshing positions of the disk shafts can adjust the relative vertical height between the adjacent toothed disk shafts, and then change the variable to adjust the size of the output amplitude of the vibration excitation device 5 .

The variable variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 through the first bearing seat 502 and the second bearing seat 508 .

The front end of the pull rod 6 is rotatably connected with the front beam of the frame 1 through the rotating pin 8 , and the middle part of the pull rod 6 is connected with the connecting rod 504 of the variable-variable adjustment vibration exciting device 5 through the pin shaft 9 .

The soil loosening part 7 comprises a shovel seat 701, a shovel post 702 and a shovel head 703, the shovel seat 701 is detachably fixed on the rear end of the pull rod 6 by bolts, and the shovel post 702 upper ends are detachably fixed on the shovel seat 701 by bolts, The lower end is fixed with a shovel head 703 by bolts. The shovel seat 701 is provided with different mounting holes for adjusting the vibration direction angle of the loosening parts. The shovel head 703 is a chisel-shaped shovel structure. The inclination angle is designed in various angles, and the entry angle of the loosening parts can be changed by changing different shovel heads.

On the multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier, multiple subsoiling working units are arranged on the frame 1, among which, in the subsoiling working unit close to the transmission box 3, the third toothed plate in the variable-adjustable vibration exciting device 5 The shaft 507 is connected with the output end of the transmission case 3 through a coupling, and the adjacent subsoiling working units are connected through a cross-shaft universal coupling.

The working process of the multi-parameter adjustable vibrating scarifier is as follows:

The multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier is connected to the tractor through the suspension frame 2 on it, and advances under the traction operation of the tractor, and the rear power output shaft of the tractor provides power output for the multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier.

During operation, the power is output from the rear power output shaft of the tractor to the variable speed transmission gearbox 3, after passing through the variable speed transmission box 3, the speed is changed and the direction is changed, and the power is transmitted laterally to the variables of the subsoiling working units on both sides of the variable speed transmission box 3 through the coupling Adjust the vibration excitation device 5, and then transmit it to other subsoiling working units through the cross shaft universal coupling.

Under the effect of the connecting rod 504 on the variable adjustment vibration exciting device 5, the pull rod 6 swings up and down around the rotating pin 8, so that the soil loosening component 7 fixed on it vibrates, and the vibration loosening of the soil in the cultivated layer is completed. .

When working, the working phases of the four groups of variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 on the multi-parameter adjustable vibrating scarifier in this embodiment are: the phases of the middle two groups of variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 are consistent, and the two groups of variable-adjusting vibration-exciting devices 5 on both sides are in the same phase. The phases of the vibration excitation devices 5 are consistent, and the working phase angles of the variable adjustment vibration excitation devices 5 in the middle and the variable adjustment vibration excitation devices 5 on both sides are 180 degrees different.

A multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier. Its forward speed, vibration frequency, amplitude and vibration angle are the main factors affecting its operating performance. The ratio of the maximum vibration level component speed to the forward speed of the implement. The adjustment operation method of the present invention is to ensure that the machine tool is always in a stable operating speed ratio interval by adjusting the vibration frequency, amplitude, vibration angle and forward speed, thereby ensuring the performance of the machine tool and the quality of soil loosening operations.

An adjustment operation method of a multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier, including a vibration frequency adjustment method, an amplitude adjustment method, a vibration angle adjustment method, and a soil penetration angle adjustment method, wherein:

The vibration frequency adjustment method is to change the reduction ratio of its output by adjusting the number of teeth of the paired gears meshing and driving in the case of the variable speed transmission case 3 .

The amplitude adjustment method adjusts the relative vertical height between the shafts of the adjacent toothed discs to change the difference in meshing position between the connected toothed discs, and then changes the variable to adjust the output amplitude of the vibration excitation device 5 .

The method of adjusting the vibration angle is to change the positions of the mounting holes of the shovel column 702 and the shovel base 701, thereby realizing the adjustment of the vibration angle.

The adjustment method of the entry angle is to adjust the entry angle of the soil loosening component 7 by changing and installing the shovel heads 703 with different inclination angles. The adjustment of the entry angle is to ensure the good entry performance of the machine tool.

The basis of the parameter adjustment operation of the above adjustment method is to measure the forward speed of the multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier through the speed sensor 404 installed on the depth limit adjustment device 1, and to measure the forward speed of the multi-parameter adjustable vibration scarifier through the speed sensor 501 installed on the variable adjustment vibration excitation device 5. Measure the vibration frequency of the multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier, and then combine the amplitude and vibration angle of the multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier to calculate the operating speed ratio of the multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier, and determine the adjustment according to the calculation results. working parameters.

The multi-parameter adjustable vibratory scarifier of the present invention has the best speed ratio operating range between 1.0-1.5.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of multi-parameter can adjust vibrating scarifier, including frame (1), hanger bracket (2) and change gearbox (3), wherein, hang Hanger (2) and change gearbox (3) are fixedly mounted in frame (1), it is characterised in that：Wherein described multi-parameter is adjustable to be referred to Vibration frequency, amplitude, angle of throw and the penetrating angle of the vibrating scarifier can adjust, and the multi-parameter can adjust vibrating scarifier Also include subsoiling work monomer and limit deep adjusting means (4), wherein,

Limiting deep adjusting means (4) includes regulation mounting seat (401), telescopic oil cylinder (402), gauge wheel (403), tachogenerator (404) ramus profundus frame (405), support mounting seat (406) and support shaft (407), are limited, wherein, one end of regulation mounting seat (401) with One end of support mounting seat (406) is fixed on the back rest of frame (1), one end and the support mounting seat of limit ramus profundus frame (405) (406) other end connection, the upper end of telescopic oil cylinder (402) are connected with the other end of regulation mounting seat (401), and lower end is deep with limit Support (405) is connected, and the other end of limit ramus profundus frame (405) is provided with support shaft (407), and support shaft installs gauge wheel on (407) (403) tachogenerator (404), is also equipped with support shaft (407), for determining the rotating speed of support shaft (407)；

Multiple subsoiling work monomers are arranged in frame (1), are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of change gearbox (3), each subsoiling work Making monomer includes variable regulation exciting device (5), pull bar (6) and loose soil (7), wherein,

Variable regulation exciting device (5), including speed probe (501), first bearing seat (502), the first fluted disc axle (503), Connecting rod (504), fluted disc (505), the second fluted disc axle (506), the 3rd fluted disc axle (507) and second bearing seat (508), the first fluted disc Axle (503), the second fluted disc axle (506), the 3rd fluted disc axle (507) are semiaxis and fluted disc integrated formed structure, first bearing seat (502) the first fluted disc axle (503) is installed on, bearing is installed between the two, speed probe (501) is arranged on first bearing seat (502) on, fluted disc (505) is fixedly mounted on the second fluted disc axle (506), and connecting rod (504) is arranged on fluted disc (505) and the second tooth Between dish axle (506), bearing is installed between connecting rod (504) and the second fluted disc axle (506), second bearing seat is pacified on (508) The 3rd fluted disc axle (507) is filled, bearing is installed between the two, passed through between the fluted disc and fluted disc (505) of the first fluted disc axle (503) It is detachably connected after tooth form engagement, pass through tooth between the fluted disc of the second fluted disc axle (506) and the fluted disc of the 3rd fluted disc axle (507) It is detachably connected after shape engagement；Variable regulation exciting device (5) passes through first bearing seat (502) and second bearing seat (508) It is fixedly mounted in frame (1)；

Pull bar (6) front end passes through bearing pin (9) and variable by (8) and the rotation connection of frame (1) front-axle beam of shipping and reselling on another market, pull bar (6) middle part The connecting rod (504) for adjusting exciting device (5) is connected；

Loose soil (7) includes shovel seat (701), shovel post (702) and shovel head (703), and shovel seat (701), which is removably secured, to be arranged on The rear end of pull bar (6), shovel post (702) upper end are removably attached to shovel on seat (701), and lower end, which is removably secured, is provided with shovel Head (703)；

Multiple subsoiling work monomers are arranged in frame (1), wherein, become in the subsoiling work monomer of change gearbox (3) The 3rd fluted disc axle (507) in amount regulation exciting device (5) is connected with the output end of change gearbox (3) by shaft coupling, phase Connected between adjacent subsoiling work monomer by cross-axle universal shaft coupling.

2. multi-parameter according to claim 1 can adjust vibrating scarifier, it is characterised in that：

The quantity of subsoiling work monomer is 4 groups.

3. multi-parameter according to claim 2 can adjust vibrating scarifier, it is characterised in that：

The operating phase of 4 variables regulation exciting device (5) in 4 groups of subsoilings work monomers is：Middle two groups of variables regulation Exciting device (5) phase is consistent, and two groups of variables regulation exciting device (5) phase of both sides is consistent, middle variable regulation exciting Device (5) differs 180 degree with the operating phase angle of the variable regulation exciting device (5) of both sides.

4. multi-parameter according to claim 1 can adjust vibrating scarifier, it is characterised in that：

First fluted disc axle (503), fluted disc (505), the fluted disc of the second fluted disc axle (506) and the 3rd fluted disc axle (507) are plate-like Tooth-shape structure.

5. multi-parameter according to claim 1 can adjust vibrating scarifier, it is characterised in that：

Shovel seat (701) is provided with mounting hole, and shovel head (703) is that scalpriform shovels structure.

6. a kind of multi-parameter as claimed in claim 1 can adjust the adjustment operational method of vibrating scarifier, it is characterised in that：

Methods described includes the regulation of vibration frequency adjusting method, amplitude adjusting method, the adjusting method of angle of throw and penetrating angle Method, wherein：

Vibration frequency adjusting method is the number of teeth of the coupling gear of the casing Inside gear drive by adjusting change gearbox (3), Change the speed reducing ratio of its output；

Amplitude adjusting method for change the difference of the position of engagement between the fluted disc that is connected adjust it is relative between adjacent teeth dish axle Vertical height, and then change the size of variable regulation exciting device (5) output amplitude；

The adjusting method of angle of throw is the position by changing shovel post (702) with shoveling seat (701) mounting hole, and then is realized to vibration The regulation at angle；

The adjusting method of penetrating angle is the shovel head (703) that differing tilt angles are installed by converting, and then adjusts loose soil (7) Penetrating angle.