CN106216682A - A kind of pulsed discharge titanium-type material process units and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A pulse discharge titanium profile production device and method, relating to a discharge plasma titanium profile production device and method, belonging to the technical field of metal profile preparation; the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of low material utilization and production A large amount of waste is produced in the process; the invention includes graphite nozzles, ceramic gaskets, graphite sleeves, graphite sleeves, metal shells, air inlets, hopper covers, hoppers, motors, anodes, spindles, and cathodes. The invention is based on the traditional titanium profile On the basis of manufacturing, graphite nozzles, ceramic gaskets, graphite sleeves, graphite sleeves, cathodes and anodes are added for pulse discharge. The raw materials are titanium shavings left over from processing. A strong pulse current is applied to melt the titanium scraps, and then the molten titanium scraps are extruded from the nozzle to shape; the invention can effectively utilize the waste titanium scraps to achieve the purpose of environmental protection.

Description

A pulse discharge titanium profile production device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a discharge plasma titanium profile production device and method, belonging to the technical field of metal profile preparation.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, people's demand for materials and energy is increasing. On the one hand, we need to develop new energy and mine raw materials. From the perspective of sustainable development, we need to learn more about how to save energy and how to make full use of raw materials. to find new solutions. Just imagine that if the used materials, such as aluminum coke cans, can be recycled and reused, the above problems can be effectively dealt with.

Traditional metal profiles are usually manufactured by steel mills or professional manufacturers of various profiles using professional cold-rolling or hot-rolling equipment, such as various types of steel, aluminum profiles, etc. The shapes and specifications of these profiles are in accordance with certain international standards For actual production needs, the existing metal profile manufacturing equipment and manufacturing methods have the following deficiencies: first, the cost of profile rolling is high, and the processing technology of thin-walled profiles is difficult; Second, the shape and specification of profiles are standardized. For some metal profiles with special cross-sectional shapes and specifications, it is difficult to meet the requirements; third, the supply length of profile products generally does not exceed 12m, which cannot be continuously applied on the production line.

In addition to the Joule heat of hot pressing sintering and plastic deformation to promote the sintering process, the pulse discharge process also generates DC pulse voltage between powder particles, and effectively utilizes the self-heating effect generated by the discharge between powder particles. As a result, there are some phenomena that are beneficial to heating that are unique to the pulse discharge process. First, due to the discharge shock wave generated by pulse discharge and the high-speed flow of electrons and ions in the opposite direction in the electric field, the gas adsorbed by the powder can escape. The initial oxide film on the surface of the powder is broken down to a certain extent, so that the powder can be purified and activated; second, because the pulse is instantaneous, intermittent, and high-frequency, the discharge heat generated at the uncontacted part of the powder particles, and the powder The Joule heat generated at the particle contact part greatly promotes the diffusion of powder particle atoms, and its diffusion coefficient is much larger than that under the usual hot pressing conditions, so as to achieve rapid melting of the powder; third, the addition of On-Off fast pulses , so that the discharge part in the powder and the Joule heating part will move quickly, so that the heating of the powder can be uniformed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems such as the low material utilization rate of the existing metal profile production technology, a large amount of waste generated in the production process, and the low density of the prepared material. The present invention provides a pulse discharge titanium profile production device and method .

A pulse discharge titanium profile production device, which includes a graphite nozzle (1), a ceramic gasket (2), a graphite sleeve (3), a graphite sleeve (4), a metal shell (5), an air inlet (6), and a hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), cathode (13); the hopper cover (7) and hopper (8) are shaft connection, the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), the metal casing (5) is provided with a main shaft (11), the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is threaded, and the left section is Triangular, set inside the graphite sleeve (3), the root is connected with the motor (9) and the anode (10), and a cylindrical graphite sleeve (4) is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the metal casing (5). The distance between the right end of the cylinder (4) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is L1, the hopper (8) is fixed on the side wall of the metal casing (5), and the bottom of the hopper (8) is in contact with the inner surface of the metal casing (5). The cavity is connected, the linear distance between the side of the hopper (8) adjacent to the ceramic washer (2) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is greater than L1, and the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1) is connected to the cathode (13).

The major diameter of the thread on the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal casing (5).

The ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), for isolating the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1).

Adopt the described a kind of pulse discharge titanium profile production device to realize the method for titanium profile production, the process of the described method for producing titanium profile is, at first make described cathode (13) be positioned at graphite nozzle (1) lower right end, anode ( 10) Located at the root of the main shaft (11), vacuumize through the air inlet (6), add titanium chips to the inner cavity of the metal shell (5) through the hopper (8), then close the hopper cover (7) tightly, and turn on the motor (9), drive the main shaft (11) to rotate, through the thread on the main shaft (11), the titanium chips enter the graphite sleeve (4) and the graphite nozzle (1), and pass between the anode (10) and the cathode (13). The pulse current heats the titanium chips, and the titanium chips located between the graphite nozzle (1), the graphite sleeve (3) and the graphite sleeve (4) are melted, and the molten titanium chips are extruded through the graphite nozzle (1), By replacing different graphite nozzles (1), titanium profiles of different shapes can be extruded, open the hopper (8) and add titanium chips into the hopper (8), close the hopper cover (7), and continue to vacuumize through the suction port (6) , the screw thread on the rotating main shaft (11) continuously extrudes the molten titanium chips continuously, and at the same time continuously conveys the titanium chips to the interior of the graphite sleeve (4), so that a continuous and waste-free profile die-casting production process can be realized.

The pulse frequency of the pulse current is 5-200Hz, and the current magnitude of the pulse current is a DC pulse current of 200-8000A.

The present invention adds graphite nozzle (1), ceramic washer (2), graphite sleeve (3), graphite sleeve (4), cathode (13) and anode (10) for pulse discharge on the basis of traditional titanium profile manufacturing. The raw material is titanium scrap left over from processing. After putting the titanium scrap into the hopper, push it into the graphite sleeve (4), apply a strong pulse current at both ends to melt the titanium scrap, and then extrude the molten titanium scrap through the nozzle to form it.

The invention realizes the saving of energy consumption by 15%-30% in the production of titanium profiles, the ability to prepare complex components, the density of the prepared material is increased by 2%-10%, and the performance is good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the titanium scraps when the titanium scraps are heated during the process of heating the titanium scraps in the titanium profile production method described in Embodiment 4;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state when the titanium scraps are melted after the titanium scraps are heated in the titanium profile production method described in Embodiment 6;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of pulse discharge titanium profile production device circular graphite nozzle (1) of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation of a square graphite nozzle (1) of a pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural representation of a grooved graphite nozzle (1) of a pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an I-shaped graphite nozzle (1) of a pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to the present invention.

detailed description

Specific embodiment 1: Refer to Fig. 1 to illustrate this embodiment, it includes graphite nozzle (1), ceramic washer (2), graphite sleeve (3), graphite sleeve (4), metal shell (5), air suction port (6 ), hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), cathode (13); described hopper cover (7) and hopper ( 8) For shaft connection, the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), and the metal casing (5) is provided with a main shaft (11), and the outer surface of the main shaft (11) has threads , the left section is triangular, set inside the graphite sleeve (3), the root is connected with the motor (9) and the anode (10), and a cylindrical graphite sleeve (4) is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the metal casing (5) , the distance between the right end of the graphite sleeve (4) and the right end of the ceramic gasket (2) is L1, a hopper (8) is fixed on the side wall of the metal casing (5), and the bottom of the hopper (8) is in contact with the metal casing ( 5) is connected to the inner cavity, the linear distance between the side of the hopper (8) adjacent to the ceramic washer (2) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is greater than L1, and the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1) is connected to the cathode (13).

Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the pulse discharge titanium profile production device described in Embodiment 1 is that the major diameter of the thread on the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal shell (5).

Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and a kind of pulse discharge titanium profile production device described in specific embodiment one is that the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), Used to isolate the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1).

Specific embodiment 4: Referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 7, this embodiment is described. This embodiment is a method for producing titanium profiles by using a pulse discharge titanium profile production device described in Specific Embodiment 1. The method for producing titanium profiles The process is as follows: firstly, the cathode (13) is located at the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1), the anode (10) is located at the root of the main shaft (11), vacuum is drawn through the air inlet (6), and the metal is pumped through the hopper (8). Add titanium shavings to the inner cavity of the shell (5), then seal the hopper cover (7) tightly, turn on the motor (9), drive the main shaft (11) to rotate, and let the titanium shavings enter the graphite sleeve through the thread on the main shaft (11) (4) and the graphite nozzle (1), pass pulse current between the anode (10) and the cathode (13) to heat the titanium chips, located in the graphite nozzle (1), the graphite sleeve (3) and the graphite sleeve (4) The titanium scraps between them are melted, and the molten titanium scraps are extruded through the graphite nozzle (1). By changing different graphite nozzles (1), titanium profiles of different shapes can be extruded. Open the hopper (8) to the hopper Add titanium chips into (8), close the hopper cover (7), and continue to vacuumize through the suction port (6), and the thread on the rotating spindle (11) will continuously extrude the molten titanium chips, and at the same time continuously push the titanium chips Conveyed to the inside of the graphite sleeve (4), a continuous waste-free profile die-casting production process can be realized.

Embodiment 5: The pulse frequency of the pulse current is 5-200 Hz, and the current magnitude of the pulse current is a DC pulse current of 200-8000A.

In this embodiment, a DC pulse voltage is also generated between the powder particles, and a discharge is generated between the particles under the action of the pulse current to excite the plasma. By effectively utilizing the self-heating effect generated by the discharge between the powder particles, the device produces some unique It is conducive to the phenomenon of rapid melting of powder. First, due to the discharge shock wave generated by pulse discharge and the high-speed flow of electrons and ions in the opposite direction in the electric field, the gas adsorbed by the powder can escape, and the initial oxide film on the surface of the powder is broken down to a certain extent, so that the powder can Purification and activation; second, because the pulse is instantaneous, intermittent, and high-frequency, the discharge heat generated at the non-contact part of the powder particles and the Joule heat generated at the contact part of the powder particles greatly promote the diffusion of the powder particle atoms. Its diffusion coefficient is much larger than that under the usual hot pressing conditions, so as to achieve rapid melting of the powder; third, the addition of On-Off fast pulses makes the discharge parts and Joule heating parts in the powder move quickly, so that the powder Heating can be homogenized. Concentrating the pulses at the grain junctions is a characteristic of the DC pulse application process. During the application of DC pulse electricity, when the particles are discharged, a local high temperature of up to several thousand degrees to 10,000 degrees will be generated instantaneously, thereby accelerating the melting of the particles. In general, the implementation process of the device can be regarded as a particle discharge, The result of the combined effect of conductive heating.

During the pulse discharge process, when the particles are discharged, a local high temperature of up to several thousand degrees to 10,000 degrees will be generated instantaneously, causing evaporation and melting on the surface of the particles; a neck is formed at the contact point of the particles, because the heat is immediately transferred from the heating center to the The surface of the particles spreads to the surroundings, and the neck is cooled rapidly so that the vapor pressure is lower than other parts, which accelerates the densification process.

The invention utilizes the pulse discharge sintering technology to rapidly heat the metal shavings to a state of melting or semi-solid state, and form them rapidly. In this way, waste utilization can be realized, such as remaining cutting chips after processing, used metals, etc. as raw materials; energy saving and emission reduction can be realized, and the energy consumption of metal melting can be reduced due to the high efficiency of pulse discharge; materials with excellent performance can be prepared due to The material prepared by pulse discharge has a uniform structure and fine grains, which improves the performance of the material and realizes continuous production; it can also process and manufacture some brittle materials, and directly make finished profiles from the remaining cutting chips after processing. There is no need for intermediate treatment, which can reduce the loss of brittle materials due to processing.

Claims (5)

1. A pulse discharge titanium profile production device is characterized in that it comprises a graphite nozzle (1), a ceramic gasket (2), a graphite sleeve (3), a graphite sleeve (4), a metal casing (5), and an air outlet (6), hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), cathode (13); described hopper cover (7) and The hopper (8) is connected by a shaft, the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), the metal casing (5) is provided with a main shaft (11), and the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is Threaded, the left section is triangular, set inside the graphite sleeve (3), the root is connected with the motor (9) and the anode (10), and a cylindrical graphite sleeve ( 4), the distance between the right end of the graphite sleeve (4) and the right end of the ceramic gasket (2) is L1, a hopper (8) is fixed on the side wall of the metal casing (5), and the bottom of the hopper (8) is in contact with the metal The inner cavity of the shell (5) is connected, the linear distance between the side of the hopper (8) close to the ceramic gasket (2) and the right end of the ceramic gasket (2) is greater than L1, and the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1) is connected to the cathode (13) connected. 2. A pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the major diameter of the thread on the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal casing (5). 3. a kind of pulse discharge titanium profile production device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ceramic gasket (2) is positioned between metal casing (5) and graphite nozzle (1), is used for isolating metal casing ( 5) and graphite nozzle (1). 4. Adopt a kind of pulse discharge titanium profile production device described in claim 1 to realize the method for titanium profile production, it is characterized in that, the process of described titanium profile production method is: at first make described negative electrode (13) be positioned at graphite nozzle (1) At the lower right end, the anode (10) is located at the root of the main shaft (11), vacuumize through the air inlet (6), add titanium chips to the inner cavity of the metal shell (5) through the hopper (8), and then put the hopper cover ( 7) Close the cover tightly, turn on the motor (9), drive the main shaft (11) to rotate, and make the titanium chips enter the graphite sleeve (4) and graphite nozzle (1) through the thread on the main shaft (11), and the anode (10) A pulse current is passed between the cathode (13) to heat the titanium chips, and the titanium chips located between the graphite nozzle (1), the graphite sleeve (3) and the graphite sleeve (4) are melted, and the titanium chips in the molten state are passed through Graphite nozzle (1) extrudes, by replacing different graphite nozzles (1), titanium profiles of different shapes can be extruded, open the hopper (8) and add titanium chips into the hopper (8), close the hopper cover (7), continue Vacuum through the suction port (6), and the screw thread on the rotating spindle (11) continuously extrudes the titanium chips in the molten state, and at the same time continuously transfers the titanium chips to the interior of the graphite sleeve (4), so that continuous waste-free can be achieved profile die-casting production process. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the pulse frequency of the pulse current is 5-200Hz, and the current magnitude of the pulse current is a DC pulse current of 200-8000A.