CN106216681A - A kind of pulsed discharge swage material process units and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A pulse discharge iron profile production device and method, relating to a discharge plasma iron profile production device and method, belonging to the technical field of metal profile preparation; the purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of low material utilization and production A large amount of waste is produced in the process; the present invention includes graphite nozzles, ceramic gaskets, graphite sleeves, graphite sleeves, metal casings, air inlets, hopper covers, hoppers, motors, anodes, spindles, and cathodes. On the basis of profile manufacturing, graphite nozzles, ceramic gaskets, graphite sleeves, graphite sleeves, cathodes and anodes are added for pulse discharge. The raw materials are iron filings left over from processing. A strong pulse current is applied to the end to melt the iron filings, and then the molten iron filings are extruded out of the nozzle to form; the invention can effectively utilize the waste iron filings to achieve the purpose of environmental protection.

Description

A pulse discharge iron profile production device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a discharge plasma iron profile production device and method, belonging to the technical field of metal profile preparation.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, people's demand for materials and energy is increasing. On the one hand, we need to develop new energy and mine raw materials. From the perspective of sustainable development, we need to learn more about how to save energy and how to make full use of raw materials. to find new solutions. Just imagine that if the used materials, such as aluminum coke cans, can be recycled and reused, the above problems can be effectively dealt with.

Traditional metal profiles are usually manufactured by steel mills or professional manufacturers of various profiles using professional cold-rolling or hot-rolling equipment, such as various types of steel, aluminum profiles, etc. The shapes and specifications of these profiles are in accordance with certain international standards For actual production needs, the existing metal profile manufacturing equipment and manufacturing methods have the following deficiencies: first, the cost of profile rolling is high, and the processing technology of thin-walled profiles is difficult; Second, the shape and specification of profiles are standardized. For some metal profiles with special cross-sectional shapes and specifications, it is difficult to meet the requirements; third, the supply length of profile products generally does not exceed 12m, which cannot be continuously applied on the production line.

In addition to the Joule heat of hot pressing sintering and plastic deformation to promote the sintering process, the pulse discharge process also generates DC pulse voltage between powder particles, and effectively utilizes the self-heating effect generated by the discharge between powder particles. As a result, there are some phenomena that are unique to the pulse discharge process and are conducive to heating. First, due to the discharge shock wave generated by pulse discharge and the high-speed flow of electrons and ions in the opposite direction in the electric field, the gas adsorbed by the powder can escape. The initial oxide film on the surface of the powder is broken down to a certain extent, so that the powder can be purified and activated; second, because the pulse is instantaneous, intermittent, and high-frequency, the discharge heat generated at the uncontacted part of the powder particles, and the powder The Joule heat generated at the particle contact part greatly promotes the diffusion of powder particle atoms, and its diffusion coefficient is much larger than that under the usual hot pressing conditions, so as to achieve rapid melting of the powder; third, the addition of On-Off fast pulses , so that the discharge part in the powder and the Joule heating part will move quickly, so that the heating of the powder can be uniformed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low material utilization rate in the existing metal profile production technology, a large amount of waste generated in the production process, and low density of the prepared material. The present invention provides a pulse discharge iron profile production device and method .

A pulse discharge iron profile production device, which includes a graphite nozzle (1), a ceramic gasket (2), a graphite sleeve (3), a graphite sleeve (4), a metal shell (5), an air inlet (6), and a hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), cathode (13); the hopper cover (7) and hopper (8) are Shaft connection, the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), the metal casing (5) is provided with a main shaft (11), the outer surface of the main shaft (11) has threads, the left section It is triangular, set inside the graphite sleeve (3), the root is connected with the motor (9) and the anode (10), and a cylindrical graphite sleeve (4) is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the metal casing (5). The distance between the right end of the sleeve (4) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is L1, a hopper (8) is fixed on the side wall of the metal casing (5), and the bottom of the hopper (8) is in contact with the metal casing (5) The inner cavity is connected, the linear distance between the side of the hopper (8) adjacent to the ceramic washer (2) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is greater than L1, and the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1) is connected to the cathode (13).

The major diameter of the thread on the outer surface of the main shaft (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal casing (5).

The ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), for isolating the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1).

Adopt described a kind of pulse discharge iron profile production device to realize the method for iron profile production, the process of the method for described production iron profile is, at first make described cathode (13) be positioned at graphite nozzle (1) lower right end, anode ( 10) Located at the root of the main shaft (11), argon gas is introduced through the air inlet (6), the pressure of the argon gas is greater than 1 atmosphere, and iron filings are added to the inner cavity of the metal shell (5) through the hopper (8), and then the The hopper cover (7) is tightly closed, the motor (9) is turned on, and the main shaft (11) is driven to rotate, and the iron filings enter the graphite sleeve (4) and the graphite nozzle (1) through the thread on the main shaft (11), and the anode ( 10) and the cathode (13) pass a pulse current to heat the iron filings, and the iron filings between the graphite nozzle (1), the graphite sleeve (3) and the graphite sleeve (4) are melted, and the molten iron Chips are extruded through the graphite nozzle (1). By changing different graphite nozzles (1), iron profiles of different shapes can be extruded. At the same time, iron chips are continuously added to the hopper (8), and the thread on the rotating spindle (11) Continuously extruding the iron filings in the molten state and continuously conveying the iron filings to the inside of the graphite sleeve (4) can realize a continuous waste-free profile die-casting production process.

The pulse frequency of the pulse current is 5-200Hz, and the current magnitude of the pulse current is a DC pulse current of 200-8000A.

The present invention adds graphite nozzle (1), ceramic washer (2), graphite sleeve (3), graphite sleeve (4), cathode (13) and anode (10) for pulse discharge on the basis of traditional iron profile manufacturing. The raw material is iron filings left over from processing. After putting the iron filings into the hopper, push them into the graphite sleeve (4), apply a strong pulse current at both ends to melt the iron filings, and then extrude the molten iron filings out of the nozzle to shape.

The invention realizes 15% to 30% energy saving in the production of iron profiles, can prepare complex components, increases the density of the prepared materials by 2% to 10%, and has good performance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a pulse discharge iron profile production device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the iron filings during the heating of the iron filings during the iron profile production method described in Embodiment 4;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state when the iron filings are melted after the iron filings are heated in the iron profile production method described in Embodiment 6;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of pulse discharge iron profile production device circular graphite nozzle (1) of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of pulse discharge iron profile production device square graphite nozzle (1) of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural representation of a grooved graphite nozzle (1) of a pulse discharge iron profile production device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an I-shaped graphite nozzle (1) of a pulse discharge iron profile production device according to the present invention.

detailed description

Specific embodiment one: refer to Fig. 1 and illustrate this embodiment, it comprises graphite nozzle (1), ceramic washer (2), graphite sleeve (3), graphite sleeve (4), metal shell (5), air inlet ( 6), hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), cathode (13); the hopper cover 7) and hopper ( 8) For shaft connection, the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), and the metal casing (5) is provided with a main shaft (11), and the outer surface of the main shaft (11) has threads , the left section is triangular, set inside the graphite sleeve (3), the root is connected with the motor (9) and the anode (10), and a cylindrical graphite sleeve (4) is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the metal casing (5) , the distance between the right end of the graphite sleeve (4) and the right end of the ceramic gasket (2) is L1, a hopper (8) is fixed on the side wall of the metal casing (5), and the bottom of the hopper (8) is in contact with the metal casing ( 5) is connected to the inner cavity, the linear distance between the side of the hopper (8) adjacent to the ceramic washer (2) and the right end of the ceramic washer (2) is greater than L1, and the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1) is connected to the cathode (13).

Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the pulse discharge iron profile production device described in Embodiment 1 is that the major diameter of the outer surface thread of the main shaft (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal shell (5).

Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and a kind of pulse discharge iron profile production device described in specific embodiment one is that the ceramic gasket (2) is located between the metal shell (5) and the graphite nozzle (1), Used to isolate the metal casing (5) and the graphite nozzle (1).

Specific embodiment four: Referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 7, this embodiment is described. This embodiment is a method for producing iron profiles using a pulse discharge iron profile production device described in Specific Embodiment 1. The method for producing iron profiles The process is as follows: first, the cathode (13) is located at the lower right end of the graphite nozzle (1), the anode (10) is located at the root of the main shaft (11), and argon gas is introduced through the air inlet (6), and the pressure of the argon gas is greater than 1 atmospheric pressure, add iron filings to the inner cavity of the metal shell (5) through the hopper (8), then cover the hopper cover (7) tightly, turn on the motor (9), drive the main shaft (11) to rotate, and pass the main shaft (11) The thread on the top makes the iron filings enter the graphite sleeve (4) and the graphite nozzle (1), and a pulse current is passed between the anode (10) and the cathode (13) to heat the iron filings. The iron filings between (3) and the graphite sleeve (4) are melted, and the molten iron filings are extruded through the graphite nozzle (1). By changing different graphite nozzles (1), different shapes can be extruded. At the same time, iron filings are continuously added to the hopper (8), and the thread on the rotating spindle (11) continuously extrudes the molten iron filings, and at the same time continuously transfers the iron filings to the inside of the graphite sleeve (4), A continuous waste-free profile die-casting production process is then possible.

Embodiment 5: The pulse frequency of the pulse current is 5-200 Hz, and the current magnitude of the pulse current is a DC pulse current of 200-8000A.

In this embodiment, a DC pulse voltage is also generated between the powder particles, and a discharge is generated between the particles under the action of the pulse current to excite the plasma. By effectively utilizing the self-heating effect generated by the discharge between the powder particles, the device produces some unique It is conducive to the phenomenon of rapid melting of powder. First, due to the discharge shock wave generated by pulse discharge and the high-speed flow of electrons and ions in the opposite direction in the electric field, the gas adsorbed by the powder can escape, and the initial oxide film on the surface of the powder is broken down to a certain extent, so that the powder can Purification and activation; second, because the pulse is instantaneous, intermittent, and high-frequency, the discharge heat generated at the non-contact part of the powder particles and the Joule heat generated at the contact part of the powder particles greatly promote the diffusion of the powder particle atoms. Its diffusion coefficient is much larger than that under the usual hot pressing conditions, so as to achieve rapid melting of the powder; third, the addition of On-Off fast pulses makes the discharge parts and Joule heating parts in the powder move quickly, so that the powder Heating can be homogenized. Concentrating the pulses at the junctions of grains is a characteristic of the DC pulse application process. During the application of DC pulse electricity, when the particles are discharged, a local high temperature of up to several thousand degrees to 10,000 degrees will be generated instantaneously, thereby accelerating the melting of the particles. In general, the implementation process of the device can be regarded as a particle discharge, The result of the combined effect of conductive heating.

During the pulse discharge process, when the particles are discharged, a local high temperature of up to several thousand degrees to 10,000 degrees will be generated instantaneously, causing evaporation and melting on the surface of the particles; a neck is formed at the contact point of the particles, because the heat is immediately transferred from the heating center to the The surface of the particles spreads to the surroundings, and the neck is cooled rapidly so that the vapor pressure is lower than other parts, which accelerates the densification process.

The invention utilizes the pulse discharge sintering technology, so that the iron filings are rapidly heated to a state of melting or semi-solid state, and formed rapidly. In this way, waste utilization can be realized, such as remaining cutting chips after processing, used metals, etc. as raw materials; energy saving and emission reduction can be realized, and the energy consumption of metal melting can be reduced due to the high efficiency of pulse discharge; materials with excellent performance can be prepared due to The material prepared by pulse discharge has a uniform structure and fine grains, which improves the performance of the material and realizes continuous production; it can also process and manufacture some brittle materials, and directly make finished profiles from the remaining cutting chips after processing. There is no need for intermediate treatment, which can reduce the loss of brittle materials due to processing.

Claims (5)

1. a pulsed discharge swage material process units, it is characterised in that it includes graphite nozzle (1), ceramic washer (2), stone Ink pullover (3), graphite sleeve (4), metal shell (5), air inlet (6), hopper cover (7), hopper (8), motor (9), anode (10), main shaft (11), bolt hole (12), negative electrode (13)；Described hopper cover (7) is that axle is connected with hopper (8), described pottery Porcelain packing ring (2) is positioned between metal shell (5) and graphite nozzle (1), and metal shell (5) is internal is provided with main shaft (11), this main shaft (11) outer surface has screw thread, and left section is triangle, is enclosed within graphite pullover (3) internal, and root is connected with motor (9) and anode (10) Connect, metal shell (5) inwall embeds and is fixed with columnar graphite sleeve (4), this graphite sleeve (4) right-hand member and ceramic blanket Distance between circle (2) right-hand member is L1, the sidewall of metal shell (5) is fixed with hopper (8), and the bottom of hopper (8) is with golden Belonging to the inner space of shell (5), this hopper (8) closes between the side of ceramic washer (2) and ceramic washer (2) right-hand member Air line distance is more than L1, and graphite nozzle (1) bottom righthand side is connected with negative electrode (13).

2. according to a kind of pulsed discharge swage material process units described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described main shaft (11) the big footpath of outer surface thread is equal with metal shell (5) internal diameter.

3. according to a kind of pulsed discharge swage material process units described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceramic washer (2) it is positioned between metal shell (5) and graphite nozzle (1), for isolating metal shell (5) and graphite nozzle (1).

4. use a kind of pulsed discharge swage material process units described in claim 1 to realize the method that swage material produces, its Being characterised by, the process of described swage material production method is: first make described negative electrode (13) be positioned at graphite nozzle (1) right Lower end, anode (10) is positioned at main shaft (11) root, is passed through argon by air inlet (6), and ar pressure is more than 1 atmospheric pressure, Add titanium by hopper (8) to the inner chamber of metal shell (5) to consider to be worth doing, then cover tightly airtight for hopper cover (7), open motor (9), drive main shaft (11) to rotate, make titanium bits enter graphite sleeve (4) and graphite nozzle (1) by the screw thread on main shaft (11) In, current pulse between anode (10) and negative electrode (13), heating titanium consider to be worth doing, be positioned at graphite nozzle (1), graphite pullover (3) and Titanium bits between graphite sleeve (4) melt, and are considered to be worth doing by the titanium being in molten condition and are extruded by graphite nozzle (1), by more Change different graphite nozzle (1), difform titanium-type material can be extruded, open hopper (8) in hopper (8), add titanium bits, Closing hopper cover (7), continue through air inlet (6) and be passed through argon, the screw thread on the main shaft (11) of rotation is constantly by molten condition Titanium bits continuously extrusion, the most constantly titanium bits are sent to graphite sleeve (4) internal, then can realize continuous non-waste section bar pressure Casting production process.

Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pulse frequency of described pulse current is 5～200Hz, The size of current of pulse current is the DC-pulse of 200～8000A.