CN106199432B - Method for determining aging state of rechargeable battery and rechargeable battery system - Google Patents
Method for determining aging state of rechargeable battery and rechargeable battery system Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于确定可再充电的电池(10)的老化状态(34)的方法。此外，本发明涉及一种带有可再充电的电池(10)的系统(20)。
The present invention relates to a method for determining an aging state (34) of a rechargeable battery (10). Furthermore, the invention relates to a system (20) with a rechargeable battery (10).
Description
The invention relates to a method for determining the state of aging of rechargeable batteries. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system with a rechargeable battery.
It is known in this modern technology to use rechargeable batteries as energy carriers. Possible fields of application of such rechargeable batteries are, for example, vehicles, in which such batteries are used as the sole and/or additional energy store, in particular for driving the vehicle. However, in the case of such rechargeable batteries, aging phenomena of the battery can occur, which are caused, for example, by the operation of the battery, but also only over time without the use of the battery. Here, the aging of these batteries is generally shown, for example, by a loss of capacity or by an increase in the internal resistance of the battery. In the case of using the battery as an energy store in a vehicle, this can result, for example, in a reduced driving range or a reduction in the maximum achievable power.
In order to be able to determine the performance of the battery during operation, it is therefore advantageous to identify the present state of aging of the battery. It is known from the prior art to record the performance of the battery during operation by means of preliminary studies in order to form models with the aid of which the performance of identical or similar batteries can be predicted. These prior studies are also used to determine the parameters of such models. However, such preliminary investigations are costly and involve uncertainties, in particular when accelerated aging methods are used, since conclusions about the aging behavior over the entire life of the battery are not fully guaranteed in the case of these methods. In order to improve such aging predictions based on pre-study data, it is known from the prior art to supplement and adapt these aging predictions by measurements during the operation of the battery. Such processes are known, for example, from US 2010/0244846 a1 and DE 102010038646 a 1. However, such prediction methods for the state of aging of a battery, which are mostly based essentially on battery models, also depend on the model used and thus on these costly prior studies.
The object of the present invention is therefore to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages at least partially. The object of the present invention is, inter alia, to provide a method for determining the aging state of a rechargeable battery and a system having a rechargeable battery, which simplify the determination of the aging state of a rechargeable battery, wherein such a determination of the aging state of a rechargeable battery can be provided, inter alia, without costly prior investigations.
The above object is achieved by a method according to the invention for determining the state of ageing of a rechargeable battery and by a system according to the invention with a rechargeable battery. Additional features and details of the invention are derived from the description and the accompanying drawings. In this case, in connection with the method according to the invention, naturally also features and details described in connection with the system according to the invention and correspondingly vice versa, so that always alternating references or can be made to the various aspects of the invention relating to the disclosure.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for determining an aging state of a rechargeable battery. The method according to the invention is characterized by the following steps.
a) A characteristic diagram (Kennfeld) was determined from the power data of the cell,
b) the state of charge of the battery is estimated,
c) determining at least one limit value for at least one operating parameter of the battery based on the state of charge estimated in step b) (51),
d) monitoring the at least one battery parameter using the at least one limit value determined in step c),
e) measuring the capacity of the battery, and
f) determining the state of aging of the battery from at least the state of charge estimated in step b) (51), the monitoring of the operating parameter obtained in step d) and the capacity estimated in step e).
As already stated above, the known methods according to the prior art for determining the state of aging of rechargeable batteries are mostly based essentially on battery models and/or parameters which are formed or determined on the basis of high-cost preliminary studies. However, the longer the rechargeable battery is operating, the less compelling these results are determined by such methods. According to the invention, a battery cell and/or a combined connection of a plurality of batteries (Zusammenschusse) can naturally also be understood here as a rechargeable battery. However, the determination of the state of aging of rechargeable batteries can be achieved by a method according to the invention without the need to carry out such costly preliminary investigations. In step a) of a method according to the invention, a characteristic diagram is then determined using the power data. In this case, step a) can be disposable in particular, preferably before the first use of the battery. Such characteristic maps are already present in most cases, since this is also required in particular for the actual operation of the battery (for example as an energy store for driving a vehicle). In this case, a characteristic diagram of this type can contain information about the magnitude (for example the voltage, current and/or power as a function of the temperature and/or state of charge during the charging or discharging of the battery). In this case, the magnitudes are also dependent, for example, on an internal resistance of the battery, which can thus also be obtained at least implicitly in the determined characteristic diagram. In particular, the determination of a characteristic diagram does not lead to costly preliminary investigations with regard to the aging of the battery, since the aging process of the battery is not investigated here. The remaining steps b) to f) of the method according to the invention can be carried out particularly preferably during operation of the battery, wherein a plurality of execution cycles of the steps b) to f) are possible. In this case, it is of course possible to carry out these steps b) to f) one after the other in any desired sequence or simultaneously, where this is meaningful and feasible. In step b) according to the invention, the state of charge of the battery is estimated. By means of the method steps, the currently prevailing state of charge of the battery can be detected. The detected state of charge thus forms the current value characteristic of the battery. By taking into account the state of charge estimated in step b) of the method according to the invention, it is thus already possible for the currently prevailing state of the battery during continuous operation to be taken into account for the first time if at least one limit value for at least one operating parameter of the battery is determined in step c). In step d) of the method according to the invention, the operating parameter is subsequently monitored using the at least one limit value determined in step c). In this case, the limit value can of course be selected particularly advantageously in step c) in such a way that the operating parameter to be monitored falls below or exceeds the limit value, allowing conclusions to be drawn about the state of aging of the rechargeable battery. In this case, the monitoring of the operating parameter to be monitored below or exceeding the limit value can, for example, include the frequency, type and/or quality of such a drop or exceed as information. Furthermore, the capacity of the battery is determined in step e) of the method according to the invention. In this case, a currently present capacity of the battery allows conclusions about the aging state of the rechargeable battery. In step f) of the method according to the invention, the information collected in the steps a), b), d) and e) is compiled for determining the state of ageing of the battery. The estimated state of charge, the measured capacity and the monitoring result of the monitored operating parameter falling below and/or exceeding the limit value are used in order to deduce a change in the state of aging of the battery by comparison with the quantities stored in the characteristic diagram in step a). Overall, the state of aging of the rechargeable battery can be implemented by the method according to the invention in a particularly simple manner and, furthermore, on the basis of data obtained during operation in general. Costly preliminary investigations, in particular of the aging process, can be avoided. Time and cost savings can thereby be achieved.
In the case of the method according to the invention, it can be particularly preferably provided that the state of charge of the battery in step b) is estimated iteratively as a function of the result obtained by monitoring the operating parameter in step d) and/or the capacity determined in step e) and/or the aging state determined in step f) and/or the charge value determined during operation of the battery. The iterative evaluation thus carried out uses, in particular, the data determined during the method for estimating the state of charge. Of course, the characteristic map determined in step a) can also be included in the estimation of the state of charge. Since, for example, the limit values determined in step c) and/or the aging state determined in step f) depend again on the state of charge estimated in step b), a control loop results therefrom. In particular in the case of a plurality of complete runs of the method according to the invention, particularly good and particularly more accurate results can be achieved in the case of this state of charge being estimated in step b) of the method according to the invention. The state of aging of the battery determined in step f) of the method according to the invention can of course also be determined more accurately by means of the estimated state of charge of the battery, which is as close as possible to the actual value of the state of charge of the battery.
In addition, it can also be provided in the case of the method according to the invention that a maximum state of charge and/or a minimum state of charge is estimated as the state of charge of the battery in step b). Of course, it can particularly preferably be provided that a maximum and a minimum state of charge are estimated in step b). In particular, for example, in the case of a battery comprising a plurality of cells, a maximum state of charge of the battery can be determined by the following cells: the highest charge is stored in the cell. Accordingly, a minimum state of charge of the battery can be determined by means of: the lowest charge is stored in the cell. By estimating the two states of charge, the minimum and maximum states of charge, a power prediction of the rechargeable battery is thus possible. The maximum extractable charge of the battery is in particular formed as the difference between the maximum charge caused by the system and the minimum permissible state of charge caused by the system. The system-related conditions mean, in particular, that limits of the operation of the battery can be taken into account. The charge is provided for a power consuming device connected to the rechargeable battery, wherein information about the charge can be provided to a user, for example by evaluation.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention can be configured such that in step b) a no-load voltage of the battery is taken into account. Such a voltage difference between the electrodes of the battery is referred to herein as a no-load voltage: the no-load voltage is set in the case of a sufficiently long time without loading, in particular without charging or discharging, the battery. In particular, it can be taken into account that the state of charge of the battery also depends on the no-load voltage. However, during operation in which, in particular, charge is taken from the battery or stored in the battery, a voltage difference which differs from the no-load voltage can be set between the poles of the battery. The longer the battery is operated and in particular the greater the amount of charge passed during the charging and discharging of the operating process, the greater the difference between the currently present state of charge and the state of charge determined in the presence of the open-circuit voltage may be. The result is a reduced accuracy in estimating the state of charge in step b). In particular, it can therefore be advantageous to recalibrate or initialize the state of charge to the then prevailing open-load voltage when the open-load voltage is present next time, i.e. for example during a pause in operation. An improvement of the result in the case of the state of charge of the battery being estimated in step b) of the method according to the invention can thus be achieved.
In addition, in the case of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that, when the limit value for an operating parameter is determined in step c), at least one element from the following list is selected as an operating parameter:
-the charging voltage of the battery
-the discharge voltage of the battery
-charging current of the battery
Discharge current of the battery
-charging power of the battery
-the discharge power of the battery.
Of course, this list is not exclusive, so that in step c) it is also possible to determine limit values for further operating parameters. In particular, in step c) of the method according to the invention, limit values can be determined for a plurality of operating parameters, particularly preferably for all operating parameters. By monitoring a plurality of, in particular all, the operating parameters mentioned, a more accurate determination of the state of aging of the battery can be carried out in step f) of the method according to the invention, since the prediction accuracy can be increased in the determination of the state of aging of the battery, in particular by means of an extensive database (which is generated by monitoring a plurality of or all operating parameters).
In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can also be provided that, in the determination of the limit value for an operating parameter in step c), at least one element from the following list is taken into account:
the no-load voltage of the battery
Temperature of the battery
-a battery-dependent power limit of the battery
The power limit of the battery depending on the location of use
-a charge/discharge load test of the battery, in particular a pulsed charge/discharge load test
-the charge/discharge current of the battery.
Of course, this list is also not exclusive, so that additional characteristics and quantities can also be taken into account when determining the limit values of the operating parameters. For example, the characteristic diagram determined in step a) can also be taken into account when determining the limit value. In this case, it is particularly useful if the limit values of the operating parameters, in particular also the operating parameters, can depend on one or more of the parameters from the list. By taking into account the dependence of the operating parameters on the above-mentioned environmental influences, the aging of the battery can thus be monitored particularly well. By taking into account the monitoring result in step f) of the method according to the invention, a determination of the state of aging of the battery can thus be achieved as already described, wherein in addition the accuracy in determining the state of aging of the battery can also be improved by monitoring one of the elements in the above list.
In particular, it can preferably be provided in the case of the method according to the invention that a trigger signal is generated in step d) when the monitored operating parameter falls below and/or exceeds the limit value. One such trigger signal, which is often referred to as a trigger and/or an event, forms a particularly simple signal. Such a trigger signal can be implemented in particular as a binary signal. This makes it possible to implement the monitoring result in a computer-implementable program in a particularly simple manner.
Furthermore, according to a particularly preferred development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the trigger signal is generated only if, before the monitored operating parameter falls below and/or exceeds the limit value, no further monitored operating parameter falling below and/or exceeding a limit value is detected within a time period which is determined in particular in dependence on the system, in particular within about 1 minute, preferably within about 30 seconds, particularly preferably within about 5 seconds. In this case, a system-dependent period of time can be determined, for example, as a function of the internal structure of the battery and/or the location of use of the battery. In particular, this same, but of course also a further limit value or operating parameter, can be taken into account here. In particular, it can be avoided thereby that a plurality of trigger signals are generated continuously if the limit value of the monitored operating parameter is undershot and/or exceeded for a longer period of time. In the case of only brief occurrences of the limit value of the monitored operating parameter being undershot and/or exceeded, only one single trigger signal is also generated. In step f) of the method according to the invention, the accuracy can thus be further increased when determining the state of aging of the rechargeable battery.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention can preferably be developed such that a charging trigger signal is generated as trigger signal during the charging of the battery and a discharging trigger signal is generated as trigger signal during the discharging of the battery. In particular, a separate detection of the charging process or the discharging process can thereby be carried out during operation of the battery. In this way, a broader database can be provided in step f) of the method according to the invention in the determination of the state of charge of the battery.
In this case, according to a particularly preferred development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that, in the presence of a charge trigger signal and a discharge trigger signal, in particular when monitoring a charge voltage or a discharge voltage, a rise in the internal resistance of the battery is determined. The limit values for monitoring the voltages can be determined, for example, on the basis of the characteristic diagram determined in step a) and the aging state of the battery determined in step f). In this case, it is particularly useful if a trigger signal is generated already during the charging process and also during the discharging process of the battery. This dual presence of the two trigger signals shows that, in particular, the charging voltage is higher than expected and the discharging voltage is lower than expected. This can, for example, indicate an increase in the internal resistance of the battery or be interpreted by such an increase in the internal resistance of the battery. Such an erroneous detection of an increase in the internal resistance can be avoided by the presence of two trigger signals, as can occur, for example, by a defective evaluation of the state of charge in step b) by the method according to the invention.
In addition, it can be provided in the case of the method according to the invention that in step e) for determining the capacity, a comparison is made between at least two states of charge of the battery estimated in step b) and a charge value determined during operation of the battery. Preferably, the estimated states of charge can be estimated, for example, before and after operating the battery. In this case, the charge value can be determined, for example, by means of an associated ampere-hour counter, in particular during operation of the battery
Measuring, the ampere-hour counter being formed to take into account also the sign of the current. Of course, other charge values, for example an absolute charge value, can also be determined by an ampere-hour counter, regardless of the sign of the current flowing. In particular, for example, the comparison of the differences between the estimated charge values and the charge values determined by the ampere-hour counter during operation makes it possible to determine the currently prevailing capacity of the battery particularly easily.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a system with a rechargeable battery. The system according to the invention is thus characterized in that the system is formed for carrying out the method according to the first aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the system according to the invention brings the same advantages as already explained in detail with reference to the method according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention. According to the invention, a battery cell and/or a combined connection of a plurality of batteries can naturally also be understood as a rechargeable battery here in the case of the system according to the invention.
In particular, it can preferably be provided with the system according to the invention that the battery can be used in a vehicle as an energy store. In this case, the battery can be used to drive the vehicle, for example, as the sole and/or additional energy store. By forming the system for carrying out the method according to the first aspect of the invention, the vehicle or a user of the vehicle is able to always obtain information about the state of ageing of the battery. Here, the system can of course also be configured in such a way that information about the power performance of the battery or the operating parameters of the battery (for example voltage, current and/or maximum power output) is available.
Additional advantages, features and details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein embodiments of the invention are described in detail. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention in each case individually as such or in any combination. The figures schematically show:
figure 1 shows a possible design of the method according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a possible implementation of the method according to the invention, and
fig. 3 shows a system according to the invention installed in a vehicle.
Fig. 1 and 2 show a possible embodiment and a possible implementation of the method according to the invention. In the description, the individual steps are illustrated in particular in fig. 1 and the individual method steps are illustrated in fig. 2. This emphasis is also placed on the basis of the reference symbols used in the description of the corresponding figures. In fig. 1 and 2, the same method steps are of course carried out in the same method steps and vice versa.
Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention. In step a)50, a characteristic map 11 (not shown here) is determined from the power data of the battery 10 (not shown here together), which is preferably the new battery 11 before receiving the operation of the battery 10. In this case, the characteristic diagram 11 is preferably determined once and contains information about the quantity (for example, the voltage, current and/or power as a function of the temperature and/or state of charge of the battery 10 during charging or discharging of the battery 10). The steps b)51, c)52, d)53, e)54 and f)55 are preferably carried out during operation of the battery 10, wherein, of course, a plurality of execution cycles of the steps is possible. The state of charge of the battery 10 is estimated in step b) 51. This state of charge is transmitted by the data signal 43 and is used in step c)52 as a basis for determining a limit value for at least one operating parameter (for example, voltage, current or power during charging or discharging). The limit values determined in step c)52 are transmitted via the data signal 43 and used in step d)53 in order to monitor the operating parameter. Furthermore, in step e)54 the capacity of the battery 10 is determined as a further characteristic value of the battery 10. For this purpose, for example, the state of charge of the battery estimated in step b)51 can be used, in particular in relation to charge values determined and/or calculated during operation of the battery 10 (not shown together). In order to actually determine the state of aging of the battery 10, the results of the steps a)50, b)51, d)53 and e)54 are transmitted via data signals 43 and used as input parameters in a step f)55 for determining the state of aging. By taking into account the characteristic map determined in step a)50, the change in the battery 10 and thus the state of aging of the battery 10 can be determined directly from the data determined during operation of the battery 10 in principle, in particular, for example, by comparing the current value of the state of charge present in the battery 10 from step b)51, the monitoring of the operating parameters from step d)53 and the capacity from step e) 54. This makes it possible to avoid costly and time-consuming preliminary investigations of the aging process of the battery. Furthermore, it is shown in fig. 1 that the results of the steps d)53, e)54 and f)55 can be supplied as feedback signals 44 to the estimation carried out in step b)51 of the state of charge of the battery 10. This makes it possible to iteratively estimate the state of charge in which the result of the estimation process is used again at least indirectly as an input variable for the estimation process. This enables an increase in the accuracy and reliability of the estimation of the state of charge carried out in step b) 51.
Fig. 2 shows a possible implementation of the method according to the invention, in which the individual steps of the method according to the invention are visualized by possible components 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 of a piece of software. The individual components 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 can exchange signals with one another, wherein in particular a distinction is made between the data signal 43, the feedback signal 44 and the coordinating signal 45. The characteristic diagram is preferably determined in component 39 using the power data of battery 10 before battery 10 (not shown together) begins to operate, battery 10 particularly preferably being in a new state. In this case, a characteristic diagram of this type can contain information about the magnitude (for example the voltage, current and/or power as a function of the temperature and/or state of charge during the charging or discharging of the battery 10). In this component 34 the state of ageing of the battery 10 (not shown together) is determined. The state of charge 34 is determined on the basis of data signals 43 of a component 30 (in which the state of charge of the battery is estimated), a component 32 (in which at least one operating parameter of the battery is monitored) and a component 33 (in which the capacity of the battery is determined). In this case, limit values for the operating parameter to be monitored are determined in the component 31 on the basis of at least the state of charge estimated in the component 30. The determination of the capacity 33 also uses the estimated states of charge 30, for example before and after the operation of the battery 10, in order to determine the capacity currently present in the battery 10 during the operation of the battery 10, in particular by comparing the differences between the states of charge 30 and the charge values determined in the component 35. In this case, the component 35 can be formed as a particularly relevant ampere-hour counter. In order to determine the aging state 34, the online measured data signals 43 of the components 30, 32, 33 can preferably be compared with a characteristic diagram determined beforehand in the component 39 or with a prediction based on the characteristic diagram. The determination of the state of aging 34 of the battery 10 can thus be carried out substantially purely on the basis of data determined during operation of the battery. At the same time, the feedback signals 44 which monitor the operating parameters 32, determine the capacity 33 and determine the state of aging 34 are again supplied to the estimated state of charge 30, wherein in particular the feedback signals 44 of the components 32 and 34 are used for determining the correction values 38 for estimating the state of charge 30. These correction values 38 determined in this way are then supplied as data signals 43 as input parameters to the estimation of the state of charge 30 of the battery. The measured direct feedback signal 44 of the battery capacity 33 and the initialization and charge values determined in the component 37 form further input parameters, which are measured in the component 35. In this way, an iterative estimation of the state of charge 30 of the battery 10 is made possible, as a result of which the accuracy of determining the estimated value of the state of charge can be increased (in particular significantly increased). In this case, the data signal 43 of the estimated state of charge 30 is transmitted directly for determining the state of aging 34, and the better estimated state of charge influences the quality of the determination of the state of aging 34 via a direct signal flow and via the data signal 43 to these components 31 and 33 via an indirect signal flow. The estimation of the state of charge 30 is coordinated in particular by means of a component 36, which transmits a coordination signal 45, for example, to the components 30, 33, 35, 37, 38 and in this way controls and/or regulates the overall estimation of the state of charge 30. Furthermore, the iterative nature of the estimation of the state of charge 30 is enhanced in the following manner: the capacity of the battery 33 is determined by the component 30, in which the state of charge of the battery is estimated, via a data signal connection. This component 31, in which the limit values for the operating parameters are determined, which are monitored in the component 32, is also supplied by the component 30 with a data signal 43. Furthermore, it can be seen in fig. 2 that these signals 43, 44, which are generated by monitoring the operating parameter 32, are formed as a trigger signal 40, for example as a charging trigger signal 41 or a discharging trigger signal 42.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a system 20 according to the invention, which is installed in a vehicle 21. The system 20 has, in particular, a battery 10 and is formed for carrying out the method according to the invention. It is thereby possible to provide the vehicle or a user of the vehicle at any time with information at least about the state of aging of the battery 10. The system 20 here naturally has all the necessary components, for example sensors, evaluation electronics and/or a computing unit, in order to be able to carry out the method according to the invention. In this way, information can be obtained, in particular at any time, about the state of aging of the battery 10, but also, for example, about the maximum or minimum voltage, the maximum or minimum current or the power performance of the battery 10. This makes it possible to operate the vehicle 21 with such a system 20 in a particularly reliable and programmable manner.
List of reference symbols
10 cell
11 characteristic diagram
20 system
21 vehicle
30 estimating state of charge
31 determining a limit value
32 monitoring an operating parameter
33 measuring the capacity of the cell
34 determining the aging status
35 determination of the value of Charge
36 coordination method
37 determining an initialization value
38 determining a correction value
39 measured characteristic diagram
40 trigger signal
41 charge trigger signal
42 discharge trigger signal
43 data signal
44 feedback signal
45 coordinating signals
50 step a)
51 step b)
52 step c)
53 step d)
54 step e)
55 step f)
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| DE102020127259A1 (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-21 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Method and control device for impedance-based determination of a state of charge of at least one battery cell and motor vehicle |
| DE102023126266A1 (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2025-03-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method, system, computer program and computer-readable storage medium for determining a health status of an energy storage device |
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| JP2011099691A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Electric vehicle |
| CN102253343A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-23 | 北京世纪瑞尔技术股份有限公司 | Method for estimating state of health and state of charge of storage battery |
| CN102445663A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A method for estimating the state of health of an electric vehicle battery |
| CN102866361A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-09 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | SOH (state-of-health) online estimation method of battery pack |
| CN104297691A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-21 | 上海吉能电源系统有限公司 | Battery pack health status diagnostic system and method |
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| FR2943794B1 (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2011-05-06 | Saft Groupe Sa | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE HEALTH CONDITION OF A BATTERY |
| DE102010038646A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for estimating the performance of at least one battery unit of a rechargeable battery |
| JP5472048B2 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-04-16 | 株式会社デンソー | In-vehicle secondary battery state quantification device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011099691A (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Electric vehicle |
| CN102253343A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-23 | 北京世纪瑞尔技术股份有限公司 | Method for estimating state of health and state of charge of storage battery |
| CN102445663A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A method for estimating the state of health of an electric vehicle battery |
| CN102866361A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-09 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | SOH (state-of-health) online estimation method of battery pack |
| CN104297691A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-21 | 上海吉能电源系统有限公司 | Battery pack health status diagnostic system and method |
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