CN106130482B - A kind of photovoltaic module is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device, which includes an outdoor part and an indoor part, the outdoor part includes a heliostat; the indoor part includes an optical shutter, a parabolic mirror, a secondary concentrator, A photovoltaic module receiver, a control unit, and a drive motor, the concave surface of the parabolic reflector is facing downward, the secondary concentrator is arranged directly below the parabolic reflector, and the photovoltaic module receiver is arranged in front of the secondary concentrator Below, the optical shutter is located directly below the photovoltaic module receiver; the control unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module receiver and the drive motor, and a gear B is provided at the end of the output shaft of the drive motor, and the gear B meshes with gear A. The invention is not only applicable to ordinary flat-panel photovoltaic modules, but also can be used for experimental research on concentrating photovoltaic modules. In addition, the device can also be used in high-power concentrating photovoltaic power generation systems with simple operations, which improves the utilization efficiency of test equipment .

Description

A photovoltaic module ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device

technical field

The invention relates to a photovoltaic component aging test device, in particular to a photovoltaic component ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device, which belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic component detection.

Background technique

Solar photovoltaic power generation is the fastest growing and most dynamic research field among the many utilization methods of solar energy in recent years. Photovoltaic power generation is a power generation method that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. It is widely used in all aspects of people's production and life, and photovoltaic modules are the core components for realizing photovoltaic power generation. Since photovoltaic modules are operated outdoors for a long time, the modules will be affected by outdoor climate and environmental factors. In order to ensure the long-term stability of photovoltaic modules, it is necessary to determine the ability of photovoltaic modules to withstand temperature mismatch, aging and other stresses caused by repeated temperature changes, that is, to carry out thermal cycle aging tests on photovoltaic modules to ensure that they are in different It has stable power generation performance under outdoor weather conditions.

At present, people usually use the following two methods to investigate the long-term reliability of photovoltaic modules: one is the outdoor natural aging test method, that is, the aging test directly using the natural environment. The advantage is that the outdoor environment is real and the test results are reliable. The disadvantage is that The natural aging cycle is relatively long, and the differences in climate conditions in different years, seasons, and regions lead to incomparability of test results. The other is the artificial accelerated aging test method, that is, the aging test is carried out indoors by using a specific aging box to simulate certain aging factors in natural environmental conditions. The test results are highly reproducible, but the shortcoming is that the outdoor climate conditions cannot be completely simulated in the aging box, and there are still differences in the authenticity and reliability of the test results.

Specifically, in the existing thermal cycle aging test chamber, artificial heating is used to simulate the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules, and the IEC61215 ground crystalline silicon photovoltaic module design and appraisal standard and the IEC62108 concentrated solar receiver and module design and appraisal must be completed The total number of cycles required by the standard still takes a long time. In addition, there is usually no light in the thermal cycle test chamber. In order to simulate the real working conditions of the outdoor battery, an external DC power supply is required to provide a specified current in the opposite direction to inject into the battery, and the test procedure is complicated. Finally, the traditional thermal cycle aging box generally uses a compressor for refrigeration, which has a complex structure and damages the environment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a photovoltaic module ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device, solve the problem of long time-consuming outdoor aging test of photovoltaic modules, poor indoor accelerated aging test simulated natural environment factors and test operation procedures complex issues.

The technical solution that the present invention takes for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A photovoltaic module ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device, including an outdoor part and an indoor part, the outdoor part includes a heliostat; the indoor part includes an optical shutter, a parabolic mirror, a secondary concentrator, and a photovoltaic module receiver , a control unit, and a drive motor, the concave surface of the parabolic reflector faces downward, the secondary concentrator is arranged directly below the parabolic reflector, the photovoltaic module receiver is arranged directly below the secondary concentrator, and the The optical shutter is set directly below the receiver of the photovoltaic module; the number of optical shutters is at least 2, and the central axis of the optical shutter is provided with a rotatable shaft, and the shafts between two adjacent optical shutters are connected by a chain. When the optical shutter When turning to the horizontal position, any two adjacent optical shutters are connected; the end of the shaft on one of the optical shutters is provided with a gear A; the control unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module receiver and the drive motor , The end of the output shaft of the driving motor is provided with a gear B, and the gear B meshes with the gear A.

Further, the cross-section of the secondary concentrator is trapezoidal, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is longer than the length of the lower base.

Further, the maximum width of the photovoltaic module receiver is less than or equal to the length of the lower bottom of the secondary concentrator.

Further, the photovoltaic component receiver includes a selective coating, a photovoltaic component, a thermoelectric cooler, and a temperature sensor. The upper surface of the photovoltaic component is provided with a selective coating, and the lower surface of the photovoltaic component is provided with a thermoelectric cooler. The cooler is electrically connected to the control unit, the photovoltaic module is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control unit.

Further, the parabolic reflector is a dish concentrator or a trough concentrator.

Further, the selective coating is nano-alumina or tin dioxide.

Further, the photovoltaic module is an ordinary flat-panel photovoltaic module or a concentrating photovoltaic module.

Further, the thermoelectric cooler is a PN type semiconductor device.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Compared with the traditional indoor thermal cycle aging box, the present invention directly uses the heat energy transformed by natural sunlight radiation energy as the heat source of the thermal cycle aging test, which is completely the same as the actual working environment of the photovoltaic module, and the test results are more real and reliable, and are not An external power supply is required to inject current, and the test procedure is simpler; compared with the outdoor aging test, the test period is significantly shortened due to the use of concentrating light technology, which improves the efficiency of sample testing and equipment use.

(2) The solar spectrum frequency division technology is used to filter out the ultraviolet part of the sunlight, eliminating the influence of ultraviolet factors on the thermal cycle test.

(3) This test device is not only suitable for ordinary flat-panel photovoltaic modules, but also can be used for experimental research on concentrating photovoltaic modules. In addition, this device can also be used in high-power concentrating photovoltaic power generation systems with simple operations, which improves the test efficiency. Equipment utilization efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of the photovoltaic module receiver in the present invention.

Among them, 1-heliostat, 2-optical shutter, 3-parabolic mirror, 4-secondary concentrator, 5-photovoltaic module receiver, 6-control unit, 7-drive motor, 8-selective coating , 9-photovoltaic module, 10-thermoelectric cooler, 11-temperature sensor

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, a photovoltaic module ultra-accelerated thermal cycle aging test device includes an outdoor part and an indoor part, the outdoor part includes a heliostat 1; the indoor part includes an optical shutter 2, a parabolic mirror 3, two The secondary concentrator 4, the photovoltaic module receiver 5, the control unit 6, the drive motor 7, the concave surface of the parabolic reflector 3 faces downward, the secondary concentrator 4 is arranged directly below the parabolic reflector 3, and the The photovoltaic module receiver 5 is arranged directly below the secondary concentrator 4, and the optical shutter 2 is arranged directly below the photovoltaic module receiver 5; the number of optical shutters 2 is at least two, and the central axis of the optical shutter 2 is provided with Rotatable rotating shaft (that is, the optical shutter 2 can rotate around the rotating shaft), the rotating shaft between two adjacent optical shutters 2 is connected by a chain (so when one of the optical shutters 2 rotates, other optical shutters 2 rotate synchronously), the chain It is optimal to set and the end of the rotating shaft. At this time, the chain will not block the passage of light; when the optical shutter 2 rotates to the horizontal position, any adjacent two optical shutters 2 are connected (that is, any adjacent two optical shutters 2 There is no gap between them, and the light cannot pass through); the end of the rotating shaft on one of the optical shutters 2 is provided with a gear A; the control unit 6, the photovoltaic module receiver 5 and the drive motor 7 are all electrically Connected, the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 7 is provided with a gear B, and the gear B meshes with the gear A, so that under the control of the drive motor 7, all the optical shutters 2 can be synchronized and rotate at the same angle, which is beneficial to control from The passing amount of sunlight reflected by the heliostat 1 to the parabolic mirror 3. Optical shutter 2 is most optimal with sheet structure, and especially can be rectangular sheet structure, and this rectangular sheet structure can well play the effect of blocking sunlight from passing through, and all optical shutters 2 in the present invention are mutually flat optimal behavior.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the cross-section of the secondary concentrator 4 is trapezoidal, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is greater than the length of the lower base.

The maximum width of the photovoltaic module receiver 5 is less than or equal to the length of the lower bottom of the secondary concentrator 4 .

As shown in Figure 2, the photovoltaic component receiver 5 includes a selective coating 8, a photovoltaic component 9, a thermoelectric cooler 10 and a temperature sensor 11, the upper surface of the photovoltaic component 9 is provided with a selective coating 8, the A thermoelectric cooler 10 is provided on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module 9 , and the thermoelectric cooler 10 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 . The photovoltaic module 9 is provided with a temperature sensor 11 , and the temperature sensor 11 is electrically connected to the control unit 6 .

The parabolic reflector 3 is a dish concentrator or a trough concentrator.

The selective coating 8 is nanometer aluminum oxide or tin dioxide.

The photovoltaic assembly 9 is a common flat photovoltaic assembly or a concentrating photovoltaic assembly.

The thermoelectric cooler 10 is a PN type semiconductor device.

Working principle of the present invention is:

Sunlight is reflected by the outdoor tracking heliostat 1 and introduced into the indoor parabolic reflector 3, and the light collected by the parabolic reflector 3 is reflected to the secondary concentrator 4, and the light is further converged after passing through the secondary concentrator 4 On the photovoltaic module receiver 5, in order to simulate the repeated temperature changes that the photovoltaic module 9 in the photovoltaic module receiver 5 is subjected to, an optical shutter 2 controlled by a driving motor 7 is arranged between the heliostat 1 and the parabolic mirror 3, To make the temperature of the photovoltaic module 9 under test be between the lowest temperature (the optical shutter 2 is in the horizontal position, that is, when the amount of light passing through is 0) and the highest temperature (the optical shutter 2 is in the vertical position, that is, when the amount of light passing through is maximum) cycle, the selection of the highest temperature, the lowest temperature and the rate of temperature change between the two, as well as the time of staying at each extreme temperature, the concentration ratio provided by the heliostat 1 and the parabolic mirror 3 in the device, the measured photovoltaic The temperature tolerance and safety of the component 9 are determined. In addition, the secondary concentrator 4 arranged between the parabolic reflector 3 and the photovoltaic module receiver 5 can make the light reaching the photovoltaic module 9 uniform, thereby making the temperature distribution on the photovoltaic module 9 uniform; The selective coating 8 of the selective coating 8 is made of nano-alumina or tin dioxide, which can filter out the ultraviolet light from the converging light of the secondary concentrator 4, and the rest of the light reaches the photovoltaic module 9, thereby eliminating the influence of ultraviolet factors on the thermal cycle. The impact of the test; the temperature sensor arranged on the photovoltaic module 9 can transmit the temperature of the photovoltaic module 9 to the control unit 6 in the form of a signal. The temperature control of the photovoltaic module 9 is realized cooperatively.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of photovoltaic module is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that including outdoor section and indoor section, The outdoor section includes heliostat (1)；The indoor section includes optical shutter (2), parabolic reflector (3), secondary condensation Device (4), photovoltaic module receiver (5), control unit (6), motor (7), the concave surface court of the parabolic reflector (3) Under, the secondary condenser (4) is immediately below parabolic reflector (3), and the photovoltaic module receiver (5) is located at secondary poly- Immediately below light device (4), the optical shutter (2) is immediately below photovoltaic module receiver (5)；The quantity of optical shutter (2) is at least 2 Individual, the central shaft of optical shutter (2) is provided with rotatable rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft between two neighboring optical shutter (2) is connected by chain Connect, when optical shutter (2) turns to horizontal level, two optical shutters (2) of arbitrary neighborhood are connected；One of optical shutter (2) roller end on is provided with a gear A；Described control unit (6) and photovoltaic module receiver (5) and motor (7) It is to be electrically connected with, the output shaft end of motor (7) is provided with a gear B, and the gear B engages with gear A；

The photovoltaic module receiver (5) includes selective coating (8), photovoltaic module (9), thermoelectric (al) cooler (10) and temperature and passed Sensor (11), photovoltaic module (9) upper surface are provided with selective coating (8), and photovoltaic module (9) lower surface is provided with thermoelectricity Cooler (10), thermoelectric (al) cooler (10) are electrically connected with control unit (6), and the photovoltaic module (9) is provided with TEMP Device (11), temperature sensor (11) are electrically connected with control unit (6).

2. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described The section of secondary condenser (4) is trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal upper bottom edge length is more than bottom edge lengths.

3. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described The Breadth Maximum of photovoltaic module receiver (5) is less than or equal to the length of the secondary condenser (4) bottom.

4. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described Parabolic reflector (3) is dish-style concentrator or slot-type optical collector.

5. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described Selective coating (8) is nano-aluminium oxide or tin ash.

6. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described Photovoltaic module (9) is ordinary flat photovoltaic module or condensation photovoltaic module.

7. a kind of photovoltaic module according to claim 1 is super to accelerate thermal cycling ageing experimental rig, it is characterised in that described Thermoelectric (al) cooler (10) is PN type semiconductor devices.