CN106117960A - 一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料 - Google Patents
一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，所述保温材料由酚醛树脂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、固化剂、稳定剂、增韧剂及壳聚糖按重量份混合发泡、固化而制得。本发明酚醛泡沫保温材料应用于太阳能热水器中，可以有效地解决了聚氨酯泡沫作为保温材料时水箱的收缩等问题，加入的壳聚糖可使保温效果进一步提高，且该酚醛泡沫防火阻燃、工作温度范围宽，节能环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料。
背景技术
平板太阳能集热器一般由吸热板芯、壳体、透明盖板、保温材料及有关零部件组成。在加接循环管道，保温水箱后，能吸收太阳辐射热，使水温升高。用于平板太阳能集热器隔热层的材料主要有岩棉、玻璃棉、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等，但目前，使用较多的是岩棉和玻璃棉。但是由于玻璃棉或岩棉这类材料具有导热系
数高、 材料内部紧密性差、 易吸潮、 韧性差等缺点， 使得平板太阳能集热器的整体保温效率低下， 使用寿命较短。
酚醛泡沫是一种新型的可以提高平板太阳能集热器的高效保温材料。酚醛泡沫材料的具有（1）出色的保温隔热性能，导热系数<0.03W/m·K。（2）较高的工作温度。酚醛泡沫能在-200℃~160℃(允许瞬时250℃）长期工作，无收缩。（3）出色的耐候性。长期暴露在高温之下，仍然有较好的保温隔热性能，不会释放任何可能阻隔太阳能辐射的挥发性物质。（4）不燃性。酚醛泡沫（100mm厚）抗火焰能力可达1小时以上不被穿透，且无烟，无有害气体散发。酚醛泡沫见明火时，表面形成结构碳，无滴落物、无卷曲、无融化现象。过火后，表面形成结构碳的石墨层，有效地保护了泡沫的内结构。（5）环保。采用无氟发泡技术，无纤维，符合国家、国际的环保要求。酚醛泡沫与聚氨酯的保温性能相近，但比聚氨酯具有更高的工作温度，且具有阻燃特性。同时酚醛泡沫与岩棉相比，具有更好的保温性能，更干净无害。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料。
实现本发明目的技术方案为：
一种平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，由酚醛树脂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、固化剂、稳定剂、增韧剂及壳聚糖按以下重量份混合发泡、固化而制得：
酚醛树脂 80-100份
阻燃剂 5-8份
发泡剂 8-15份
固化剂 6-10份
稳定剂 2-5份
增韧剂 8-10份
壳聚糖 5-8份
所述阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和/或三氧化二锑。
所述发泡剂为戊烷、己烷或它们的同分异构体中的一种或两种以上。
所述固化剂为磷酸和/或苯磺酸。
所述增韧剂为乙二醇和/或聚乙二醇。
稳定剂没有特别限定， 一般为硅氧烷类泡沫稳定剂，要求能够使泡沫泡孔细致均匀且赋予泡沫较好闭孔率。本发明采用聚氧乙烯接枝或嵌段型水性甲基硅油作为稳定剂。
所述的壳聚糖为分子量为10 万至100 万的低分子量的壳聚糖，使用前用稀醋酸溶解，加入低分子量的壳聚糖，能够使得发泡后的聚醚物料具有相互连通的孔隙，大孔壁间还具有小孔，壳聚糖吸附在孔内表面，产生的泡孔不容易破灭，还可以使孔径增大，从而使聚醚物料的膨胀率提高，保温效果明显提高。
本发明的优点为：本发明酚醛泡沫保温材料应用于太阳能热水器中，可以有效地解决了聚氨酯泡沫作为保温材料时水箱的收缩等问题，加入的壳聚糖可使保温效果进一步提高，且该酚醛泡沫防火阻燃、工作温度范围宽，节能环保。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述，但本发明的实施方式并不仅限于此。
实施例1
一种平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，由酚醛树脂100份、氢氧化铝阻燃剂8份、戊烷发泡剂10份、磷酸和苯磺酸混合的酸固化剂8份、嵌段型水性甲基硅油稳定剂5份、聚乙二醇增韧剂10份及壳聚糖5份混合发泡、固化而制得。
实施例2
一种平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫无机保温材料，由酚醛树脂90份、氢氧化铝与三氧化二锑按70:5混合而成的阻燃剂5份、戊烷发泡剂15份、磷酸和苯磺酸混合的酸固化剂10份、嵌段型水性甲基硅油稳定剂5份、聚乙二醇增韧剂8份及壳聚糖8份混合发泡、固化而制得。
Claims (5)
1.一种平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，由酚醛树脂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、固化剂、稳定剂、增韧剂及壳聚糖按以下重量份混合发泡、固化而制得：
酚醛树脂 80-100份
阻燃剂 5-8份
发泡剂 8-15份
固化剂 6-10份
稳定剂 2-5份
增韧剂 8-10份
壳聚糖 3-6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和/或三氧化二锑。
3.根据权利要求1所述的平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为戊烷、己烷或它们的同分异构体中的一种或两种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述固化剂为磷酸和/或苯磺酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述增韧剂为乙二醇和/或聚乙二醇。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111732814A (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 福建天利高新材料有限公司 | 一种高性能防火阻燃酚醛泡沫及其制备方法 |
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