CN106084636A - 一种新型平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料 - Google Patents
一种新型平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料，所述保温材料由酚醛树脂、无机阻燃剂、发泡剂、固化剂、稳定剂、增韧剂及秸秆纤维按重量份混合发泡、固化而制得。本发明酚醛泡沫无机保温材料应用于太阳能热水器中，可以有效地解决聚氨酯泡沫存在的收缩、挤扁内胆等问题，加入的秸秆纤维可改善酚醛泡沫的导热性能，保温效果进一步提高，且该酚醛泡沫防火阻燃、工作温度范围宽，节能环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种新型平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料。
背景技术
平板太阳能集热器一般由吸热板芯、壳体、透明盖板、保温材料及有关零部件组成。在加接循环管道，保温水箱后，能吸收太阳辐射热，使水温升高。用于平板太阳能集热器隔热层的材料主要有岩棉、玻璃棉、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等，但目前，使用较多的是岩棉和玻璃棉。但是由于玻璃棉或岩棉这类材料具有导热系
数高、 材料内部紧密性差、 易吸潮、 韧性差等缺点， 使得平板太阳能集热器的整体保温效率低下， 使用寿命较短。
酚醛泡沫是一种新型的可以提高平板太阳能集热器的高效保温材料。酚醛泡沫材料的具有（1）出色的保温隔热性能，导热系数<0.03W/m·K。（2）较高的工作温度。酚醛泡沫能在-200℃~160℃(允许瞬时250℃）长期工作，无收缩。（3）出色的耐候性。长期暴露在高温之下，仍然有较好的保温隔热性能，不会释放任何可能阻隔太阳能辐射的挥发性物质。（4）不燃性。酚醛泡沫（100mm厚）抗火焰能力可达1小时以上不被穿透，且无烟，无有害气体散发。酚醛泡沫见明火时，表面形成结构碳，无滴落物、无卷曲、无融化现象。过火后，表面形成结构碳的石墨层，有效地保护了泡沫的内结构。（5）环保。采用无氟发泡技术，无纤维，符合国家、国际的环保要求。酚醛泡沫与聚氨酯的保温性能相近，但比聚氨酯具有更高的工作温度，且具有阻燃特性。同时酚醛泡沫与岩棉相比，具有更好的保温性能，更干净无害。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种新型平板太阳能集热器酚醛泡沫保温材料。
实现本发明目的技术方案为：
一种新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，由以下重量份的原料混合发泡、固化而制得：
酚醛树脂 80-95份
无机阻燃剂 5-8份
发泡剂 8-15份
固化剂 6-10份
稳定剂 2-5份
秸秆纤维 8-10份
所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝、磷酸一铵或三氧化二锑中的一种或两种的混合。
当所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和磷酸一铵的混合物时，所述氢氧化铝与磷酸一铵的质量份比为60-80：5-10；当所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑的混合物时，氢氧化铝与三氧化二锑的质量份比为60-80：3-7。
所述发泡剂为戊烷、己烷或它们的同分异构体中的一种或两种以上。
所述固化剂为磷酸和/或苯磺酸。
稳定剂没有特别限定， 一般为硅氧烷类泡沫稳定剂，要求能够使泡沫泡孔细致均匀且赋予泡沫较好闭孔率。本发明采用聚氧乙烯接枝或嵌段型水性甲基硅油作为稳定剂。
所述秸秆纤维为玉米秸秆纤维、甘蔗秸秆纤维、水稻秸秆纤维或棉花秸秆纤维中的一种或几种。
秸秆纤维具有较高的比强度、比弹性模量、柔顺性等性能，作为增强材料可以有效地改善酚醛泡沫的性能，并且秸秆纤维具有原料丰富且价格便宜的特点，而且增强后的酚醛泡沫易于降解和回收，对环境无污染等优点。
本发明的优点为：本发明酚醛泡沫保温材料应用于太阳能热水器中，可以有效地解决聚氨酯泡沫存在的收缩、挤扁内胆等问题，加入的秸秆纤维可改善酚醛泡沫的导热性能，保温效果进一步提高，且该酚醛泡沫防火阻燃、工作温度范围宽，节能环保。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述，但本发明的实施方式并不仅限于此。
实施例1
一种新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，由酚醛树脂100份、质量份比为80：7的氢氧化铝与三氧化二锑混合的无机阻燃剂5份、戊烷发泡剂10份、磷酸和苯磺酸混合的酸固化剂8份、嵌段型水性甲基硅油稳定剂5份、聚乙二醇增韧剂10份及秸秆纤维8份混合发泡、固化而制得。
实施例2
一种新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，由酚醛树脂90份、质量份比为80：7的氢氧化铝与三氧化二锑混合的无机阻燃剂8份、戊烷发泡剂15份、磷酸和苯磺酸混合的酸固化剂10份、嵌段型水性甲基硅油稳定剂5份、聚乙二醇增韧剂8份及秸秆纤维10份混合发泡、固化而制得。
Claims (6)
1. 一种新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料混合发泡、固化而制得：
酚醛树脂 80-95份
无机阻燃剂 5-8份
发泡剂 8-15份
固化剂 6-10份
稳定剂 2-5份
秸秆纤维 8-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝、磷酸一铵或三氧化二锑中的一种或两种的混合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，当所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和磷酸一铵的混合物时，所述氢氧化铝与磷酸一铵的质量份比为60-80：5-10；当所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和三氧化二锑的混合物时，氢氧化铝与三氧化二锑的质量份比为60-80：3-7。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为戊烷、己烷或它们的同分异构体中的一种或两种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述固化剂为磷酸和/或苯磺酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的新型平板太阳能集热器用酚醛泡沫保温材料，其特征在于，所述秸秆纤维为玉米秸秆纤维、甘蔗秸秆纤维、水稻秸秆纤维或棉花秸秆纤维中的一种或几种。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674372A (zh) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-09 | 南宁可煜能源科技有限公司 | 一种酚醛泡沫保温材料及其制备方法 |
| CN111732814A (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 福建天利高新材料有限公司 | 一种高性能防火阻燃酚醛泡沫及其制备方法 |
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