CN106083157A - Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, its technical scheme is characterized by, and pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is made up of pyrophillite, high viscous attapulgite clay, powdery attapulgite foaming agent, active white clay waste slag, floating bead, light magnesium oxide, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite and ferrous sulfate.The dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is stirred mixing, extruder grain, drying, roasting, be incubated, sieve after pack as pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.The feature that pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite has that specific surface area is big, bulk density is little, water absorption rate is high, permeability is superior, appearance and modeling free from extraneous odour attractive in appearance, lightweight intensity are good, micropore and macropore are integrated.During for cultivating or plant various nursery stock, flowers and plants and vegetable, the root of plant will absorb water or the nutritional labeling of liquid fertilizer from pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, guaranteeing that growth and development of plants is good and survival rate high, pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is applicable to prepare soilless culture substrate and Nutrition Soil.

Description

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite

Technical field

The present invention relates to haydite, be specifically related to a kind of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

Background technology

The soil used when cultivating or plant various nursery stock, flowers and plants and vegetable, is to use the earth near on the spot mostly, then Adding some plant ash or peat soil is bound together, the moisture content of these soil, 12～20%, has possibly together with substantial amounts of Fall ill bacterium.

When using these soil incubations or plant various nursery stock, flowers and plants and vegetable, it is difficult to control the water yield of later stage moisturizing, mends Soil moisture content after water is more than more than 30%, and the moisture in soil is higher, and soil will be in semi-fluid cement paste or mud Pulpous state, if soil does not has can obtain moisturizing in time, soil it would appear that the lump shape that hardens, all will directly influence and plant again The normal growth of thing.

Along with improving constantly of afforestation project prescription, also frequently with lytag, leca, haydites of book structure and The materials such as flower ceramsite are soilless culture substrate.

Lytag, leca and haydites of book structure are a kind of artificial lightweight aggregates, use high-quality clay, shale or fine coal Ash is primary raw material, by rotary kiln high-temperature roasting, forms through expanded, due to inside it in alveolate texture, thus have light The features such as matter, high-strength, heat conductivity is low, water absorption rate is little, (refer to national standard: GBT17431.1-2010 light-weight aggregate and examination thereof Proved recipe method).

Owing to artificial lightweight aggregate is after high-temperature roasting, its surface formed one layer of enamel, although inside artificial lightweight aggregate in The micropore of alveolate texture, but, the micropore of internal cellular shape structure is a kind of closed pore, the micropore of alveolate texture not only that Do not connect between this, and and external environment, water absorption rate is relatively low, is practically free of moisture inside artificial lightweight aggregate, by artificial Light-weight aggregate is put in water body, can only float on the surface of water, and therefore, artificial lightweight aggregate can only be sprinkling upon the top layer of soil, as one Plant decoration, the plants such as the various nursery stocks of plantation, flowers and vegetable can not be directly used in.

Chinese patent Authorization Notice No.: CN 102503539 B, authorized announcement date: on 04 17th, 2013, entitled " circle Spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite ", disclose that " a kind of spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite, spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite is by height Viscous attapulgite clay powder, attapulgite clay mine tailing, red bentonite in powder, mud, kieselguhr mine tailing and powdered rice hulls group Become.By the dispensing of spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite through mixing, pelletize, roasting, cool down and screening to be packaged as spheroidal concavo-convex Rod flower ceramsite ".

Spheroidal ceramsite preparation process: in granulation process, is first processed into powdery dispensing and a kind of is less than 0.5 millimeter little Ball, the spray water solution that then will prepare, sprays the bead surface in on-stream comminutor, then powdery dispensing is trickled down On the surface of moistening bead, through repeated sprinkling spray water solution and powdery dispensing is trickled down at moistening bead Surface, through the parcel of layer upon layer, the volume of bead constantly increases, and is finally completed the overall process of pelletize, is prepared as one The spheroidal haydite that strength ratio is higher.

Spheroidal haydite internal structure after roasting is tightr, although spheroidal haydite strength ratio is higher, but Causing effective ratio area little, proportion and bulk density are the biggest, thus reduce spheroidal haydite absorbability and Water absorption rate.

Spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite is a kind of spheroidal haydite, and in roasting process, spherical attapulgite flower is made pottery Intragranular portion is difficult to grill thoroughly completely, directly influences the inherent quality of spherical attapulgite flower ceramsite.

Test through multiple sampling: the artificial lightweight aggregate average bulk density >=800kg/m sold on market, mean water absorption Rate≤18%, normal soil average bulk density >=1020kg/m, mean water absorption rate≤26%, spherical attapulgite flower is made pottery Grain average bulk density >=850kg/m, mean water absorption rate≤50%.

By contrast, the bulk density of these several haydites is the biggest, and water absorption rate is smaller, and user wishes to invention one Bulk density≤800kg/m, the light ceramic of water absorption rate >=65%, to be applicable to prepare soilless culture substrate and Nutrition Soil.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome weak point in prior art, it is provided that a kind of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is by pyrophillite, high viscous attapulgite clay, powdery attapulgite foaming agent, active hargil Waste residue, floating bead, light magnesium oxide, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite and ferrous sulfate composition.

The production method of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite: the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is stirred mixing, Extruder grain, drying, roasting, be incubated, sieve after pack as pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

Pyrophillite is the one of clay mineral, and Ore, based on bulk, also has earthy and fibrous, pyrophyllite Chang Yushi The mineral intergrowths such as English, kaolinite, montmorillonite, the present invention selects granularity≤0.074 millimeter of pyrophillite.

High viscous attapulgite clay is with attapulgite clay as raw material, through crushing, soak, adding, roll-in, dry, powder A kind of natural prodcuts that the technique such as broken prepares, have the good adhesion agent of viscosity higher, are mainly used in fine chemistry industry, building materials, stone The industries such as oiling work, agricultural, environmental protection, to improve quality and effect of product, the present invention selects the dynamic of high viscous attapulgite clay Power viscosity >=2200 mPa s, product quality needs to meet the standard of JC/T 2266-2014 attapulgite clay goods, this Granularity≤0.074 millimeter of the viscous attapulgite clay of height is selected in invention.

Powdery attapulgite foaming agent has that foaming capacity is strong, coefficient of foaming is high, unit volume bubble production volume is big, foam adventitia is tough Property the most broken, foam stability is good, can the most not froth breaking, foam hole size fine and smooth, that generate in medium uniformly, The advantages such as low and use medium the compatibility of bleeding quantity is good, the present invention selects granularity≤0.074 milli of powdery attapulgite foaming agent Rice.

Active hargil is a kind of odorless, tasteless, nontoxic white or cream-coloured powder or granule, and the activity after decolouring is white Soil loses activity and becomes active white clay waste slag, some oil factories all these active white clay waste slags are abandoned, if can not get and Time process, produces after the fermentation of lipid organic matter in active white clay waste slag and goes mouldy and stench, the not only wasting of resources, pollution environment and Groundwater quality, and fire hazardous, will cause certain loss to society and enterprise, and the present invention selects active white clay waste slag Granularity≤0.149 millimeter.

Floating bead is a kind of fly ash hollow ball that can bubble through the water column, in canescence, the thin hollow of wall, have that granule is thin, hollow, The several functions such as light weight, high-strength, wear-resisting, high temperature resistant, insulation insulation, flame-resistant insulation, the present invention selects granularity≤0.149 of floating bead Millimeter.

Light magnesium oxide loosens unformed powder for white lightweight, and odorless, tasteless is nontoxic.Expose and the most easily absorb Moisture and carbon dioxide, belong to the cementing material of air-setting, and the present invention selects granularity≤0.074 millimeter of light magnesium oxide.

Perlite is expanded and becomes a kind of lightweight, multifunctional novel shaped material, have that apparent density is light, heat conductivity is low, The features such as chemical stability is good, the present invention selects granularity≤0.25 millimeter of expanded perlite.

Vermiculitum is after high-temperature roasting, and its volume energy expands rapidly several times to tens times, and the Vermiculitum after volumetric expansion is swollen Swollen Vermiculitum, is one of the lightest mineral, granularity≤0.149 millimeter of expanded vermiculite of the present invention.

Anhydrous slufuric acid ferrous iron is white powder, and the ferrous sulfate containing water of crystallization is pale green crystals, the sulphuric acid of 10% aqueous solution Ferrous is acidity to Herba Cladoniae rangiferinae, and pH value is about 3.7, and in the present invention, ferrous sulfate is for adjusting pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite PH value.

The technical scheme is that:

1, the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is made up of following component by weight percentage: pyrophillite 15～55%, high viscous Attapulgite clay 10～30%, powdery attapulgite foaming agent 5～15%, active white clay waste slag 5～10%, floating bead 2～10%, Light magnesium oxide 1～5%, expanded perlite 0.5～5%, expanded vermiculite 0.5～5%, ferrous sulfate 0～5% and water 5～ 35%.

2, the production method of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite:

(1) the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite being inputted in the stirring mixer operated, it is light that stirring is mixed into pyrophillite The mixture of matter through hole haydite；(2) the mixture of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is transported in Squeezinggranulator, extruder grain For difform pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product；(3), by pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product, it is transported to revolution Drying in formula drying oven, dry temperature and control at 150～250 DEG C, drying time controlled at 1～4 hour；(4) after drying Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product be transported to swinging roasting kiln roasting, the temperature of combustor controls 900～950 DEG C, roasting time controlled at 1～3 hour；(5), by the pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product after roasting, input rustless steel cylinder Being incubated in storehouse, temperature retention time controlled at 8～24 hours；(6) by the pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product conveying after insulation cooling Sieve in vibrosieve, pack after screening as pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite finished product；(7) extruder grain is not similar shape The pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product of shape, refer to that extruder grain is spheroidal, cylinder, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. respectively according to design needs The pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product of flower-shape.

Powdery attapulgite foaming agent is to use by filed in the present inventor on 05 26th, 2013 that " powdery attapulgite foams Agent ", Chinese patent Authorization Notice No. is: CN 103265213B, authorized announcement date: on 09 24th, 2014.

High viscous attapulgite clay has the dispersion of uniqueness, the good colloidal nature such as saline and alkaline high temperature resistant, anti-and higher Absorbability, and there is certain plasticity and cohesive force, the dynamic viscosity >=2200 mPa s of high viscous attapulgite clay, Adhesive force is good, beneficially the bonding between raw material, increases intensity and the absorbability of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

Active white clay waste slag is in roasting process, and it is light that lipid in active white clay waste slag and organic matter participate in pyrophillite jointly The roasting of matter through hole haydite, improves the heat of combustion-gas flow, not only can save the energy, also helps pyrophillite lightweight through hole pottery The inside of grain can be grilled thoroughly completely, increases the porosity within pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, to guarantee that pyrophillite lightweight through hole is made pottery The quality of grain.

Powdery attapulgite foaming agent is when stirring is mixed into pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite mixture, it will produce a certain amount of Bubble, be conducive to increasing pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite surface and internal porosity.

The accumulation that floating bead, light magnesium oxide, expanded perlite and expanded vermiculite can reduce pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is close Degree, increases pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite surface and internal porosity.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product moisture content after extruder grain is more than 30%, is delivered directly to swinging roasting Burning high-temperature roasting in stove, in high-temperature calcination process, the surface of haydite semi-finished product first starts sintering curing, and the water vapour of inside Out, haydite semi-finished product will produce explosion to very difficult rapid evaporation, nor can grill thoroughly inside haydite semi-finished product.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product first are transported in swinging drying oven slowly dry by the present invention, dry Dry temperature controls at 150～250 DEG C, then will dry after pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product be transported to swinging roaster Middle roasting, the temperature of combustor controls at 900～950 DEG C, it can be ensured that is grilled thoroughly by haydite in roasting process, will not produce quick-fried Split.

It is still up to more than 700 DEG C in temperature, after roasting in pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product after roasting The input of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product is incubated in rustless steel cylinder storehouse, it is possible to use the waste heat of self, continues cured to leaf Stone lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product uniformly heat, and not only can ensure that and grill thoroughly completely inside pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, moreover it is possible to Play the effect of uniformly dispersing heat, improve the inherent quality of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

There is substantial amounts of micropore pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite surface and inside, are a kind of open pores, and open pore is the most each other Through also communicating with the external world, the macropore at pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite center is a kind of through hole, is conducive in roasting process, energy Enough grill thoroughly inside haydite completely, and the effective ratio area of haydite, intensity and reduction bulk density can be increased.

The face shaping of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is designed as spheroidal, cylinder, the various shape such as quincunx, favorably In increasing pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite voidage each other and reducing the bulk density of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

There is the micropore being interconnected in a large number pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite surface and inside, put in water and will sink to rapidly The bottom, while sucking large quantity of moisture, cements out the air in pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite internal capillary.

Although the water absorption rate of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is higher, even if during water absorption rate >=80%, pyrophillite lightweight through hole Haydite surface is a kind of moistening state, and the most obvious water leaks out, and is deposited in by pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite Together, forming numerous spaces each other, permeability is good, and pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite does not has powder in the dry state Dirt, is immersed in all the year round in water and also will not produce disintegrate.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite has that specific surface area is big, bulk density is little, water absorption rate is high, permeability is superior, outer See free from extraneous odour handsome in appearance, there is no that harmful levels of pathogens, lightweight intensity is good, feature that micropore and macropore are integrated.

Normal growth in order to ensure plant is grown, and water, the fertilizer of liquid or inorganic fertilizer are sprayed at pyrophillite lightweight In through hole haydite, it is also possible to being immersed in the solution of water, fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer by pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, pyrophillite is light Matter through hole haydite absorbs after storing a certain amount of water or liquid fertilizer and takes out, and is used for cultivating or plant various nursery stock, flowers and plants and vegetable Time, the root of plant will absorb water or the nutritional labeling of liquid fertilizer from pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, it is ensured that plant growing Growing, survival rate is high and the life-span is longer, and can greatly reduce the number of times of moisturizing.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is applicable to prepare soilless culture substrate and Nutrition Soil.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is spheroidal pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 is spheroidal pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite A-A Profile；Fig. 3 is cylindrical pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite schematic diagram, and Fig. 4 is that cylindrical pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite B-B cuts open Face figure；Fig. 5 is quincunx pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite schematic diagram, and Fig. 6 is quincunx pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite C-C section Figure.

As shown in the figure: 1 is the through hole of spheroidal pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, 2 is cylindrical pyrophillite lightweight through hole pottery The through hole of grain, 3 is the through hole of quincunx pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:

1, the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is made up of following component by weight percentage: pyrophillite 30%, height are viscous concavo-convex Rod stone clay 26%, powdery attapulgite foaming agent 8%, active white clay waste slag 6%, floating bead 5%, light magnesium oxide 2%, expansion treasure Pearl rock 1%, expanded vermiculite 1%, ferrous sulfate 1% and water 20%.

2, the production method of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite: (1) the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is inputted and transported In the stirring mixer turned, stirring is mixed into the mixture of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite；(2) by pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite Mixture be transported in Squeezinggranulator, extruder grain is difform pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product；(3) will Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product, are transported in swinging drying oven dry, and dry temperature and control 200～220 DEG C, drying time controlled at 2 hours；(4) the pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product after drying are transported to swinging roaster Middle roasting, the temperature of combustor controls at 940～950 DEG C, and roasting time controlled at 1 hour；(5) by light for the pyrophillite after roasting Matter through hole haydite semi-finished product, input is incubated in rustless steel cylinder storehouse, and temperature retention time controlled at 16 hours；(6) by after insulation cooling Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product are transported in vibrosieve sieve, and pack as pyrophillite lightweight through hole after screening Haydite finished product；(7) extruder grain is difform pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product, refers to according to design needs, extruding Pelletize is quincunx pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product.

Quincunx pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite average bulk density is 750kg/m, and water absorption rate is 76%.

Claims (3)

1. a pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite, it is characterised in that the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is by weight percentage Be made up of following component: pyrophillite 15～55%, high viscous attapulgite clay 10～30%, powdery attapulgite foaming agent 5～ 15%, active white clay waste slag 5～10%, floating bead 2～10%, light magnesium oxide 1～5%, expanded perlite 0.5～5%, expand Vermiculitum 0.5～5%, ferrous sulfate 0～5% and water 5～35%.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that granularity≤0.074 milli of pyrophillite Rice, granularity≤0.074 millimeter of high viscous attapulgite clay, granularity≤0.074 millimeter of powdery attapulgite foaming agent, activity is white Granularity≤0.149 millimeter of soil waste residue, granularity≤0.149 millimeter of floating bead, granularity≤0.25 millimeter of expanded perlite, expand Granularity≤0.149 millimeter of Vermiculitum.

Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the life of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite Product method: (1) the dispensing of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite being inputted in the stirring mixer operated, it is cured that stirring is mixed into leaf The mixture of stone lightweight through hole haydite；(2) the mixture of pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite is transported in Squeezinggranulator, extruding Pelletize is difform pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product；(3), by pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product, it is transported to Drying in swinging drying oven, dry temperature and control at 150～250 DEG C, drying time controlled at 1～4 hour；(4) will dry Pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product after Gan are transported to swinging roasting kiln roasting, and the temperature of combustor controls 900 ～950 DEG C, roasting time controlled at 1～3 hour；(5), by the pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product after roasting, input stainless Being incubated in steel cylinder storehouse, temperature retention time controlled at 8～24 hours；(6) the pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite half after insulation cooling is become Product are transported in vibrosieve sieve, and pack as pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite finished product after screening；(7) extruder grain is Difform pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product, refer to that extruder grain is spheroidal, cylinder respectively according to design needs Shape, quincuncial pyrophillite lightweight through hole haydite semi-finished product.