CN106047515A - Detergent and use method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a detergent. The detergent comprises a surfactant, an organic solvent and a cosolvent, wherein the surfactant is prepared from fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and sodium sec-alkyl sulfonate SAS-60, the mass concentration of the AEO-20 is 3% to 15%, the mass concentration of the SAS-60 is 1% to 11%, the organic solvent is ethanol, the mass concentration of the ethanol is 2% to 13%, the cosolvent is sodium hydroxide, and the addition level of the sodium hydroxide enables the pH value of the detergent to 7 to 12. The use effect is relatively good. Correspondingly, the invention further provides a use method for the detergent.

Description

A kind of cleaning agent and using method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of decontamination agents, in particular to a cleaning agent and a usage method.

Background technique

With the collection of dust and mist particles by the wet electrostatic precipitator, a small amount of fine particles will adhere to the electrodes, which will affect the discharge of the electrodes and the dust removal efficiency of the equipment. Therefore, a layer of flushing water device is arranged above the interior of the wet electrostatic precipitator to flush the cathode line (the cathode line flushing cycle is 24 hours), and each flushing is about 10 minutes.

Coking flue gas contains some tar and organic particles. Commonly used chemical methods for removing oil pollution are: organic solvent method, alkaline lotion method and water-based surfactant method. Among them, water-based surfactants have the advantages of low cost, high stability, low corrosion, good cleaning effect, and safety, and have become the main type of cleaning agent at present.

The components of water-based oil cleaning agents are different, but the components are basically the same, including surfactants, co-solvents, organic solvents, water softeners, corrosion inhibitors, defoamers and other additives. Among them, surfactants, co-solvents and organic solvents are the three main factors that determine the cleaning effect of cleaning agents.

Surfactants are mostly compounded with non-ionic surfactants and anionic surfactants; co-solvents are mostly lye to maintain the alkalinity of the solution and enhance the dispersibility and stability of solid suspended matter; organic solvents can enhance the cleaning agent to Solvency of oil stains.

At present, there are many kinds of coal tar cleaning agents on the market. This application focuses on the use characteristics of cleaning agents in wet electrostatic precipitators. , a low-foaming cleaning agent that can be used at room temperature and is suitable for spraying, and the best use method of the cleaning agent.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-foaming cleaning agent with strong penetration, fast wetting speed, strong ability to remove coal tar, easily soluble in water, usable at room temperature and suitable for spraying, and the best use of the cleaning agent method to meet people's actual needs for cleaning agents.

For realizing the purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is: a kind of cleaning agent, comprises tensio-active agent, organic solvent and cosolvent, it is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and Secondary alkyl sulfonate sodium SAS-60, wherein, the mass concentration ratio of AEO-20 is 3%-15%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 1%-11%, the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration The ratio is 2%-13%, the co-solvent is sodium hydroxide, and the added amount of sodium hydroxide makes the pH value of the cleaning agent 7-12.

Wherein, the mass concentration ratio of the AEO-20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of the SAS-60 is 5%, the mass concentration ratio of the ethanol is 8%, and the mass concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide is 1%, At this time, the pH value of the cleaning agent is 10.

Among them, also include corrosion inhibitor triethanolamine, its mass concentration ratio is 1%, water softener sodium tripolyphosphate, its mass concentration ratio is 0.5%, preservative Cathone, its mass concentration ratio is 0.2%, and the rest is water.

Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a method for using a cleaning agent. The cleaning agent is any one of the cleaning agents described above. When used, the diluted concentration is 20%, and at 20°C-35°C, Swing and wash for 25 minutes.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: provide a kind of cleaning agent, comprise surfactant, organic solvent and co-solvent, described surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and secondary alkyl Sodium sulfonate SAS-60, wherein, the mass concentration ratio of AEO-20 is 3%-15%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 1%-11%, and the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 2 %-13%, the co-solvent is sodium hydroxide, the added amount of sodium hydroxide makes the cleaning agent have a pH value of 7-12, and the use effect is better. Correspondingly, a method for using the cleaning agent is also provided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows that fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether single factor test result schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows that the secondary alkyl sulfonate sodium single factor test result schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of ethanol single factor test result of the present invention;

Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of pH single factor experiment result of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the best service condition test result of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of mother liquor content and cleaning time on the oil washing rate of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

It should be noted that the "connection" mentioned in this application and the words used to express "connection", such as "connected", "connected", etc., can refer to the direct connection between a certain component and another component, It can also mean that a certain component is connected to another component through other components.

The selection thinking of tensio-active agent in this application is as follows:

Surfactant selection: based on whether the hydrophilic group dissociates after the emulsifier molecule is dissolved in water, and what kind of ion it dissociates into, the classification is as follows.

Anionic emulsifier: After the anionic emulsifier dissociates in water, the droplets of the emulsion are charged due to the interaction of the charges of the anionic emulsifier, and a repulsive force is generated when the droplets approach each other, thereby preventing the droplets from coalescing and resulting in dispersion The phase is more uniformly and stably dispersed in the continuous phase.

Cationic emulsifier: After the cationic emulsifier dissociates in water, it is the cationic group that plays an active role. There are no examples of using cationic emulsifiers for coal tar emulsification in relevant literature and actual projects, and its price is generally expensive, so this project will not use it;

Non-ionic emulsifiers: non-ionic emulsifiers have a wide range of sources, and are stable in nature, not affected by salts and solution pH. At the same time, they can be mixed with anion, cation, and zwitterionic active agents. It can be dissolved in solvents, so it is widely used. Compared with ionic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers have the characteristics of low critical micelle concentration, large micelle aggregation number, and strong emulsifying ability.

Compound emulsifier: due to the complex composition of coal tar, the emulsification efficiency of a single emulsifier may be low. Experience has shown that a suitable compound emulsifier can achieve more stable and efficient emulsification efficiency than a single emulsifier. Compounding generally uses two nonionic emulsifiers with a large difference in HLB value, or uses anionic and nonionic emulsifiers for compounding. Compounded emulsifiers have a synergistic effect on surface activity [5]. This topic adopts compound surfactant.

The research on the performance characteristics of various surfactants has been very comprehensive. Considering the appearance, odor, hydrophilic and lipophilic performance HLB value, stability, room temperature detergency, foaming and price, etc., this subject chose Commonly used concentrated surfactants have been compared in various performance aspects, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1

It can be seen that the non-ionic surfactant fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and the anionic surfactant heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate sodium SAS-60 (C10-13) have good cleaning performance and low foam, suitable for spraying , easy to degrade, suitable for this project. The two surfactants are intended to be used as compound components, and the optimal ratio is determined through experiments.

Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), also known as polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether (CAS No. 68131-39-5). It is the fastest growing and most widely used variety of nonionic surfactants. This type of surfactant is an ether formed by condensation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and fatty alcohol, represented by the following general formula: RO(CH2CH2O)nH, where n is the degree of polymerization, due to the polymerization of polyethylene glycol There are different varieties depending on the degree and type of fatty alcohol. R is generally a saturated or unsaturated C12-18 hydrocarbon group, which may be a straight-chain hydrocarbon group or a branched-chain hydrocarbon group. n is the addition number of ethylene oxide, that is, the number of oxyethylene groups in the surfactant molecule. The larger n, the more oxygen on the hydrophilic group of the molecule, the more hydrogen bonds can be formed with water, and the better the water solubility. When n=1-5, the product can be dissolved in oil but not in water, and is often used as a raw material for preparing sulfate ester anionic surfactants. When n=6-8, it can be dissolved in water and is often used as detergent and oil emulsifier for textiles. When n=10-20, it is used as emulsifier and leveling agent in industry. When the carbon chain R is C7-9 and n=5, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether produced is industrially called penetrating agent JFC (Penetrating agent JFC). When the carbon chain R is C12-18, n=15-20, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether produced is industrially called Peregal O (Peregal O). When the carbon chain R is C12, the resulting fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is commonly known as AEO.

Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is the most important class of nonionic surfactants, the appearance is milky white solid, the pH value of 1% aqueous solution is 5.0-7.0, and the HLB value is 16-17. The ether bond in the molecule is not easily destroyed by acid and alkali, so it has high stability, good water solubility, electrolyte resistance, easy biodegradation, and small foam. In addition to being widely used in the textile printing and dyeing industry, it is also widely used in compounding low-foaming liquid detergents. Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether has good compatibility with other surfactants. It is not sensitive to hard water, and has good washing performance at low temperature. In the pH range of 3-11, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is hydrolyzed and stable. As a non-ionic surfactant in the washing industry, it plays the role of emulsification, foaming and decontamination. It is the main active ingredient of hand sanitizer, laundry detergent, shower gel, washing powder, detergent, and metal cleaner.

Sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate is abbreviated as SAS. The product is a mixture of saturated sodium secondary alkyl sulfonates with different carbon numbers. Its physical and chemical characteristics are as follows:

Name: Sodium Secondary Alkyl Sulfonate

Abbreviation: SAS-60

English: Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate

CAS number: 68411-30-3

Molecular formula: RSO3Na (R=C10～C13)

Molecular weight: 180.158

HLB value: 11-12

Properties: anionic surfactant, specific gravity 1.087, high temperature resistance, good penetration, strong emulsifying ability, natural biodegradation rate of over 98%.

Uses: Cleaning ability, strong degreasing power, excellent wetting properties, ideal raw material for heavy-duty cleaning agents. It has good decontamination and emulsifying power, good hard water resistance and foaming power, excellent biodegradability, is a green surfactant, and is used in detergents such as shampoo and dish washing.

SAS-60 means that the content of active substance is 60%. The emulsifier with this content is the most common in the market. The appearance is a light yellow paste, and the pH (25°C, 1%) is 6.0-8.0. The aqueous solution will crystallize at low temperature in winter, and it needs to be heated and dissolved in a water bath before use.

Secondary alkyl sulfonates are stable in alkaline, neutral and slightly acidic solutions and are resistant to hard water. The solubility of linear secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate is relatively large (over 50% at C14), and decreases with the increase of the carbon number of the alkyl chain. Industrial SAS still has good wettability in hard water, experiment C13-C16 is the best. The foam ability of SAS is slightly lower than that of LAS (sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate), but the detergency is basically the same. Sodium linear secondary alkyl sulfonate has excellent biodegradability. After two days at 20 degrees, the biodegradation rate can reach 99.7%, no toxic metabolites are produced, and it is less irritating to the skin. HLB value 12.2-13.7. SAS has good solubilization and wetting properties, and has strong resistance to hard water. It has good stability in the presence of oxidants such as acid, alkali and sodium hypochlorite. soluble in water. Non-toxic, non-corrosive.

The organic solvent in the water-based cleaning agent is ethanol. Ethanol can not only increase the solubility of oil stains, but also act as a wetting agent, which is beneficial to the even distribution of the cleaning agent on the inner plate of the electrostatic precipitator and avoids channeling. In addition, ethanol can also be used as a defoamer to remove the air bubbles that have been generated.

Sodium hydroxide is selected as the auxiliary solvent to ensure that the pH of the solution is maintained in the alkaline range.

The selection and application of corrosion inhibitors, water softeners and preservatives have been very mature. The corrosion inhibitor is triethanolamine, which is added at a concentration of 1%, to slow down the corrosion of the inner wall of the dust collector; the water softener is sodium tripolyphosphate. Combine the calcium and magnesium ions in the water to reduce the hardness in the water and avoid affecting the activity of the surfactant. The added concentration is 0.5%. The preservative Casone is added at a concentration of 0.2% to prevent microorganisms from causing mildew in the cleaning agent.

Example 1

This embodiment discloses a cleaning agent, including surfactants, organic solvents and co-solvents, the surfactants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and sodium secondary alkylsulfonate SAS-60, wherein, AEO The mass concentration ratio of -20 is 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 5%, and the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 8%. , the co-solvent is sodium hydroxide, the addition of sodium hydroxide makes the pH value of the cleaning agent 10.

The cleaning rate is shown in Figure 1. With the increase of AEO-20 content, the oil cleaning rate increases obviously. When the AEO-20 content is 10%, the oil cleaning rate reaches the peak. When the AEO-20 content continues to rise, the oil cleaning rate dropped instead.

Example 2

This embodiment discloses a cleaning agent, including surfactants, organic solvents and co-solvents, the surfactants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and sodium secondary alkylsulfonate SAS-60, wherein, AEO The mass concentration ratio of -20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 8%. , the co-solvent is sodium hydroxide, the addition of sodium hydroxide makes the pH value of the cleaning agent 10.

The cleaning rate is shown in Figure 2. With the increase of the secondary alkylsulfonate sodium (SAS-60) content, the oil cleaning rate is obviously increased. When the secondary alkylsulfonate sodium (SAS-60) content is 5%, the cleaning The oil rate reached the peak, and when the content of sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate (SAS-60) continued to rise, the oil washing rate decreased instead.

Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-20) and sodium secondary alkylsulfonate (SAS-60) have a synergistic effect. When the mass ratio is 2:1, the synergistic effect is the best, and the best oil removal rate can be achieved .

Example 3

This embodiment discloses a cleaning agent, including surfactants, organic solvents and co-solvents, the surfactants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and sodium secondary alkylsulfonate SAS-60, wherein, AEO The mass concentration ratio of -20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 5%, the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 2%, 5%, 8%, 11%, 13%. The auxiliary solvent is sodium hydroxide, and the addition of sodium hydroxide makes the pH value of the cleaning agent 10.

As shown in Figure 3, as the ethanol content increases, the oil washing rate also increases. When the ethanol content reaches 8%, the oil washing rate is close to the maximum value, and the oil washing rate hardly changes when the ethanol content continues to increase. Ethanol has both wetting and defoaming effects.

Example 4

This embodiment discloses a cleaning agent, including surfactants, organic solvents and co-solvents, the surfactants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and sodium secondary alkylsulfonate SAS-60, wherein, AEO The mass concentration ratio of -20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 5%, the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 8%, and the described co-solvent is sodium hydroxide, and the addition of sodium hydroxide The amount is such that the pH value of the cleaning agent is 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

As shown in Figure 4, the pH value has a significant impact on the oil washing rate, and the optimum pH value is 10, and overacid or overalkali will lead to a decrease in the oil washing rate. The effects of pH 10 and 12 are similar, so choose 10 considering the cost.

Example 5

The optimum proportioning of the present invention is, the mass concentration ratio of described AEO-20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of described SAS-60 is 5%, the mass concentration ratio of described ethanol is 8%, the sodium hydroxide The mass concentration ratio is 1%, and at this time, the pH of the cleaning agent is 10.

Example 6

In embodiment 5, the best proportioning also includes corrosion inhibitor triethanolamine, its mass concentration ratio is 1%, water softener sodium tripolyphosphate, its mass concentration ratio is 0.5%, preservative Cathone, its mass concentration ratio The ratio is 0.2%, and the rest is water.

Example 7

This embodiment also discloses a method for using a cleaning agent. The cleaning agent is any one of the cleaning agents in the above-mentioned embodiments. When used, the concentration of the cleaning agent is 20%. Wash for 25 minutes.

Configure the cleaning agent mother liquor according to the optimal ratio, dilute it to 20%, and wash it for 20 minutes at the temperature of 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C. , the oil washing rate is shown in Figure 5.

It can be seen from the above figure that when the temperature is in the range of 20°C-35°C, the oil washing rate is higher. At low temperature (0°C-10°C), the oil washing rate can be maintained at about 80%. The cleaning agent works best at room temperature, and you should pay attention to heat preservation or increase the cleaning time when using it in winter.

In order to save costs, the cleaning agent will be diluted when used. The effect of mother liquid content and cleaning time on the oil washing rate when the cleaning agent is used is shown in Figure 6 below.

At room temperature, the oil removal rate of the cleaning agent has the following relationship with the mother liquor content and cleaning time:

Oil removal rate (%)=77.41+0.171 cleaning time+0.221 mother liquor content+0.0214 cleaning time*mother liquor content

Generally speaking, the higher the mother liquor content, the longer the cleaning time and the better the oil washing effect. When the dilution concentration is 20%, wash at room temperature for 25 minutes, increase the spray time appropriately, and the oil washing rate can reach more than 96%. Enterprises can choose their own use parameters according to the cost and actual operation conditions.

The present invention can be tested according to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the test results can be referred to FIG. 1-FIG. 6 .

The test method is based on the Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China "Test Method for Water-Based Metal Cleaning Agents" JB/T4323.2-1999, and the gravimetric method is used to determine the oil removal rate h of the cleaning agent through the pendulum test. Combined with the actual situation of the project, coal tar was used for the test oil, and the material of the test piece was glass fiber reinforced plastic. Sampling and test piece preparation methods refer to the standard.

Main instruments and materials: pendulum washer, oil-immersed lifter, metal test piece, constant temperature drying oven, analytical balance, metal test piece rack, coal tar.

experiment method:

Hang the 3 pieces of test pieces with hooks respectively, weigh them on the balance, the accuracy is 0.1mg, and the weight is represented by P1;

Dip the weighed test piece into coal tar, dip-coat it at room temperature for more than 1 minute, then lift the test piece with a lifter, hang it on the test piece rack and drain it for 20 minutes, scrape off the oil droplets accumulated at the bottom of the test piece, together with the original The hooks are weighed together, and this weight is represented by P2. P2-P1 is the dip coating amount of oil stain;

Fix the oil-soaked and weighed test piece on the swing washer with the original hook, make the surface of the test piece perpendicular to the swing direction, respectively immerse it in three swing washing tanks filled with 500mL normal temperature cleaning agent, record the time immediately, and statically Soak for 3 minutes, shake and wash for 3 minutes, take out the test piece, and then wash it in 500mL distilled water for 10 times, take out the test piece and immediately dry it in an oven at 70°C±2°C for 30-40min, take it out and cool it to room temperature, then weigh it. This weight is indicated by P3. P2-P3 is the weight of the cleaned oil.

The cleaning ability is expressed by the oil washing rate h and calculated according to the following formula:

h=P2|P3

First calculate the hi values of the three test pieces respectively, and then calculate their arithmetic mean. Compared with the average value, the hi value whose error does not exceed ±2% is an effective value, and the average value of the effective value is the final test result. If there are less than 2 effective values, the test should be repeated.

In the test, the main components of the cleaning agent, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, ethanol, and pH, were subjected to single-factor experiments, and the best ratio was determined by measuring the oil washing rate. Then test the cleaning agent's use conditions such as the use temperature of the cleaning agent, the mother liquor content and the cleaning time to determine the best use conditions of the cleaning agent.

In addition, experiments on the water-based cleaning agent, such as antirust performance, foaming performance, and stability in hard water, have also been carried out for the present invention, and the performance test results are shown in Table 2 below.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a cleaning agent, comprising tensio-active agent, organic solvent and cosolvent, it is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-20 and secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate SAS-60, wherein, The mass concentration ratio of AEO-20 is 3%-15%, the mass concentration ratio of SAS-60 is 1%-11%, the organic solvent is ethanol, and its mass concentration ratio is 2%-13%, the co-solvent It is sodium hydroxide, and the adding amount of sodium hydroxide makes the pH value of cleaning agent 7-12. 2. cleaning agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass concentration ratio of described AEO-20 is 10%, the mass concentration ratio of described SAS-60 is 5%, and the mass concentration ratio of described ethanol is 8%, the mass concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide is 1%, at this moment, the cleaning agent pH value is 10. 3. cleaning agent according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises corrosion inhibitor triethanolamine, and its mass concentration ratio is 1%, and water softener sodium tripolyphosphate, its mass concentration ratio is 0.5%, preservative card Pine, its mass concentration ratio is 0.2%, and the rest is water. 4. A method for using a cleaning agent, characterized in that, the cleaning agent is the cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1-3, when in use, its diluted concentration is 20%, at 20°C- At 35°C, swing for 25 minutes.