CN106006867B - Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device - Google Patents
Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106006867B CN106006867B CN201610476085.XA CN201610476085A CN106006867B CN 106006867 B CN106006867 B CN 106006867B CN 201610476085 A CN201610476085 A CN 201610476085A CN 106006867 B CN106006867 B CN 106006867B
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- China
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- anode
- cathode
- water outlet
- desalination device
- salt water
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种非膜电渗析电容脱盐装置，包括阴极（1）和阳极（2），在阴极（1）和阳极（2）之间设置有构成开口三角形的两块多孔板（3），多孔板（3）的封闭尖端朝向进水方向且其开口端朝向出水方向，多孔板（3）之间的区域构成低盐出水区（4）且多孔板（3）与其相邻的阴极（1）或阳极（2）之间的区域分别构成高盐出水区（5）；多孔板（3）的设置能够阻隔湍流对经阴极（1）和阳极（2）之间施加的电场影响而产生的阴阳离子分离现象的破坏，且使得因为湍流导致的错位的阴阳离子在电场的作用下穿过多孔板（3）而进入低盐出水区（4）流出。本发明使得高盐水发生阴阳离子分离且分离效果不受湍流扰动，效率高、易用性强且易维护。
The invention discloses a non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device, which comprises a cathode (1) and an anode (2), and two porous plates (3) forming an open triangle are arranged between the cathode (1) and the anode (2). , the closed tip of the porous plate (3) faces the water inlet direction and its open end faces the water outlet direction, the area between the porous plates (3) constitutes the low-salt water outlet area (4) and the porous plate (3) and its adjacent cathode ( 1) or the area between the anode (2) respectively constitutes the high-salt water outlet area (5); the setting of the porous plate (3) can block the turbulence caused by the influence of the electric field applied between the cathode (1) and the anode (2). The anion and cation separation phenomenon is destroyed, and the dislocated anion and cation caused by turbulent flow pass through the porous plate (3) and flow out into the low-salt effluent area (4) under the action of the electric field. The invention enables anion and cation separation in high-salt water, and the separation effect is not disturbed by turbulent flow, and has high efficiency, strong usability and easy maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to desalting technology field, the treatment effeciency of specifically a kind of pair high-salt wastewater is high and because of no film
And non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device easy to maintain.
Background technique
Currently, electrodialysis methods are one of the main methods of water desalination with high salt, multipair cation and anion exchange is usually used
Film is alternately placed side by side, is formed multiple cabins, while applying voltage at both ends, is made high salt concentration waste water same perpendicular to direction of an electric field
When flowed through in multiple cabins, because of electric field action, zwitterion moves round about respectively, cation pass through cation hand over
It changes after film enters neighbouring cabin and is stopped by the anion-exchange membrane of the cabin other side, and anion opposite direction passes through anion exchange
Film enters the other side and is stopped behind cabin in next layer of cation-exchange membrane, so that it is respectively more with high salt for generating adjacent cabin
Spend the treatment effect of waste water and Low-salinity processing water.The technology is fairly perfect at present and industrialization.However due to macromolecule
The natural attribute of film can generate expansion after being immersed in water, and can shrink again after dehydration, and must just protect often after immersion
Hold wet, otherwise film is easily scrapped.Simultaneously as having many group films in set of device, and needing package unit to dismantle could be right
Film is replaced.Maintenance difficulties and cost have been significantly greatly increased in this.
Summary of the invention
It is high in response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the treatment effeciency of a kind of pair of high-salt wastewater and
Because of the non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device easy to maintain without film.
The purpose of the present invention is what is solved by the following technical programs:
A kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device, including the cathode and anode being equipped with, it is characterised in that: parallel
Column are placed in the cathode of cavity two sides and anode is slab construction and constitutes capacitor, chamber between a cathode and an anode after applying electric field
Be additionally provided with relative tilt in vivo and the two porous plates to form open-delta be set, the closing tips of two porous plates towards into
Towards water discharging direction, the region between two porous plates constitutes less salt exhalant region and porous plate and its phase for water direction and its open end
Region between adjacent cathode or anode respectively constitutes exhalant region with high salt；The setting of two porous plates can obstruct turbulent flow to through yin
The electric field applied between pole and anode influences and the destruction of the zwitterion segregation phenomenon of generation, and makes because caused by turbulent flow
The zwitterion of dislocation passes through porous plate under the action of electric field and enters less salt exhalant region and flow out.
The triangle that the regional percentage of the exhalant region with high salt of two sides and intermediate less salt exhalant region is constituted by adjusting porous plate
The wedge angle size of shape is configured.
Regional percentage between the exhalant region with high salt, less salt exhalant region and exhalant region three with high salt is 1:2-4:1
The length to height ratio for the capacitor that the cathode and anode are constituted is 5-10.
The wedge angle angle for the open-delta that two porous plates are formed is configured by adjusting the length to height ratio of capacitor.
The open-delta that two porous plates are formed is isosceles triangle and is located among the region that cathode and anode are constituted.
The length of the distance between water inlet end of the closing tip of two porous plates and cathode and anode and cathode or anode
Ratio be 0.1-0.3.
The voltage of the constant pressure electric field applied between the cathode and anode is 0.5~10 volt.
The porous plate it is porous by spraying or infiltrating cation and anion exchange high molecular material to improve performance.
The cathode and anode all uses inertia material to be made.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:
Capacitive desalination device of the invention passes through the setting of triangular multi-hole plate, avoids zwitterion respectively by parallel sun
Cathode attracts and easily formed caused by, flow velocity big due to wastewater flow is fast after the enrichment of both ends turbulent perturbation break yin-yang from
The state that is enriched with respectively of son, can effectively limit the generation of turbulent flow, can be with by adjusting the flow proportional of high low-solids water exhalant region
Desalination condition is optimized, best desalting effect is reached.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention replaces the flat of multipair anion and cation exchange membrane by the capacitor design with porous plate
The dialysis pond of row arrangement, the shortcomings that by cancelling amberplex, avoiding cost high, easy to damage, the difficult maintenance of film method with
And the problem of structure is complicated in membrane electrodialysis pond, not convenient for safeguarding, maintenance difficult, also avoid porous electrode condenser type desalter
Needs the problem of periodically reversing desalination discontinuity caused by direction of an electric field eluting electrode and inefficiency；It is porous by adding
The mode of plate effectively prevents the case where ion isolation caused by turbulent flow is destroyed, and device is simply easy to without moving assembly, structure
Cleaning maintenance, therefore the efficiency of the capacitive desalination device, ease for use, ease for maintenance have all obtained significant raising, effectively improve
The application prospect of capacitance kind desalting technology is suitable for promoting the use of.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the structural schematic diagram that non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device of the invention is put.
Wherein: 1-cathode；2-anodes；3-porous plates；4-less salt exhalant regions；5-exhalant regions with high salt.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
A kind of non-membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device as shown in Figure 1:, including be all made and be equipped with using inertia material
Cathode 1 and anode 2, the cathode 1 for being placed in cavity two sides and anode 2 arranged in parallel be slab construction and apply voltage be 0.5~
The capacitor that length to height ratio is 5-10 is constituted after 10 volts of constant pressure electric field, is additionally provided in the cavity between cathode 1 and anode 2
The two porous plates 3 to form open-delta, the wedge angle angle for the open-delta that two porous plates 3 are formed is arranged in relative tilt
It is configured by adjusting the length to height ratio of capacitor, and the water inlet end at the closing tip and cathode 1 and anode 2 of two porous plates 3
The distance between and the ratio of length of cathode 1 or anode 2 be 0.1-0.3, the closing tips of two porous plates 3 is towards water inlet side
To and its open end towards water discharging direction, the region between two porous plates 3 constitutes less salt exhalant region 4 and porous plate 3 and its phase
Region between adjacent cathode 1 or anode 2 respectively constitutes exhalant region 5 with high salt；The setting of two porous plates 3 can obstruct turbulent flow pair
Electric field through applying between cathode 1 and anode 2 influences and the destruction of the zwitterion segregation phenomenon of generation, and makes because of turbulent flow
The zwitterion of caused dislocation passes through porous plate 3 under the action of electric field and enters less salt exhalant region 4 and flow out.In above structure
On the basis of, a kind of optimal setting situation are as follows: the open-delta that two porous plates 3 are formed is isosceles triangle and is located at cathode
1 and anode 2 constitute region among.
In actual use, the regional percentage of the exhalant region with high salt 5 of two sides and intermediate less salt exhalant region 4 is by adjusting porous
The wedge angle size for the triangle that plate 3 is constituted is configured, and 5 three of exhalant region with high salt 5, less salt exhalant region 4 and exhalant region with high salt
Between regional percentage be 1:2-4:1.Porous plate 3 it is porous by spraying or infiltrating cation and anion exchange high molecular material to mention
High-performance；In addition porous plate 3 uses non-conducting material, or at least the junction triangle vertex of two porous plates 3 must not be conductive,
So that without conductive contact between two porous plates 3.
When in use, two porous plates 3 are triangular in shape and silent tip is directed toward for four electrode capacitance desalters of the invention
Direction, the opening big end of intaking are directed toward water discharging direction, the two sides of porous plate 3 and then structure at regular intervals with cathode 1 and anode 2 respectively
At three adjustable flow exhalant regions.At work, the voltage of the constant pressure electric field applied between cathode 1 and anode 2 be 0.5 volt~
10 volts, after haline water enters the device, zwitterion separates under electric field action, but turbulent flow and diffusion can certain journeys
Degree offset this separating effect, when the water sample being partially separated reaches the tip top of triangle, anion enrichment part and
Cation enrichment part gradually obstructed, because of the metering function of porous plate 3, cause turbulent flow only can in the cavity, because without
Correct separating effect can be significantly affected, and because the zwitterion to misplace caused by turbulent flow can then be distinguished under the action of electric field
The less salt exhalant region 4 of corresponding centre is reached across corresponding porous plate 3；The part of anion enrichment simultaneously and cation enrichment
Part through at respective position exhalant region with high salt 5 be discharged.In said structure, to further increase treatment effeciency and according to reality
Condition that border uses requires aperture size to determine porous plate (between tens microns to several millimeters), it may also be necessary to
By the infiltration of porous plate 3 initiated polymerization again in the high polymer raw material of zwitterion film, ion exchange is formed in porous chamber
Particle improves separating effect.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention in use, pending water with high salt enters the capacitive desalination device through water inlet pipe,
Under electric field occur zwitterion separation, through porous plate 3 enhance separating effect, high-salt wastewater and less salt processing water respectively by it is with high salt go out
Pool 5 and less salt exhalant region 4 are discharged.The capacitive desalination device passes through the setting of triangular multi-hole plate 3, avoids zwitterion point
Do not attracted by parallel positive cathode and easily forms turbulent perturbation caused by, flow velocity big due to wastewater flow is fast after the enrichment of both ends
Break the state that zwitterion is enriched with respectively, can effectively limit the generation of turbulent flow, by the stream for adjusting high low-solids water exhalant region
Amount ratio can optimize desalination condition, reach best desalting effect.
Capacitive desalination device of the invention replaces the flat of multipair anion and cation exchange membrane by the capacitor design with porous plate 3
The dialysis pond of row arrangement, the shortcomings that by cancelling amberplex, avoiding cost high, easy to damage, the difficult maintenance of film method with
And the problem of structure is complicated in membrane electrodialysis pond, not convenient for safeguarding, maintenance difficult, also avoid porous electrode condenser type desalter
Needs the problem of periodically reversing desalination discontinuity caused by direction of an electric field eluting electrode and inefficiency；It is porous by adding
The mode of plate 3 effectively prevents the case where ion isolation caused by turbulent flow is destroyed, and device is simply easy to without moving assembly, structure
Cleaning maintenance, therefore the efficiency of the capacitive desalination device, ease for use, ease for maintenance have all obtained significant raising, effectively improve
The application prospect of capacitance kind desalting technology is suitable for promoting the use of.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610476085.XA CN106006867B (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610476085.XA CN106006867B (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | Non- membrane electrodialysis capacitive desalination device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106006867A CN106006867A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106006867B true CN106006867B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108128854B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2023-07-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for recycling brine based on corona discharge coupled electrodialysis |
| CN109507561B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-08-18 | 福建师范大学 | Semiconductor characteristic stability measuring system based on variable magnetic field and free electrode |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11661A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-01-06 | Takashi Yamaguchi | Seawater desalination apparatus |
| CN1902134A (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-01-24 | 美国过滤器公司 | Water treatment system and method |
| CN101331088A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Supercapacitor desalination devices |
| CN101595064A (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2009-12-02 | 通用电气公司 | The desalting method and the device that comprise electrode of super capacitor |
| CN102596824A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-18 | 通用电气公司 | Solid electrolyte producing assembly and method |
-
2016
- 2016-06-27 CN CN201610476085.XA patent/CN106006867B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11661A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-01-06 | Takashi Yamaguchi | Seawater desalination apparatus |
| CN1902134A (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-01-24 | 美国过滤器公司 | Water treatment system and method |
| CN101331088A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-12-24 | 通用电气公司 | Supercapacitor desalination devices |
| CN101595064A (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2009-12-02 | 通用电气公司 | The desalting method and the device that comprise electrode of super capacitor |
| CN102596824A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-18 | 通用电气公司 | Solid electrolyte producing assembly and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200624 Address after: No.22, dahuangzhuang group, Sanquan community, Tangquan street, Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee after: Jiangsu Zetian Jiakang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 210000, No. 122, Ning Hai Road, Gulou District, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING NORMAL University |
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