A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with micro hole structure porous bottom surface and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro-channel heat exchanger and manufacture method thereof, particularly relate to one and there is micropore knot
The micro-channel heat exchanger of structure porous bottom surface and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the rise of the various advanced manufacturing technologies such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), nano material and fluffy
The exhibition of breaking out, in fields such as Aero-Space, microelectronics, photoelectricity, military project weapons, device all towards multi-functional,
High-power, the trend development of miniaturization, the heat flow density thus brought improves constantly, high heat flux device
Heat dissipation problem have become as one of key technical problem affecting electronic device design.
At present, a lot of radiating elements can not meet the most far away the cooling requirements of some electronic device, traditional
The most air-cooled bottleneck having reached technology especially of radiating mode.Micro-channel heat exchanger is owing to making full use of Working fluid flow
Boiling phase transformation, therefore significantly increase heat and mass efficiency, therefore become the desirable route that High Efficiency Thermal controls.Boiling
Rise heat transfer and utilize the principle of phase-change heat transfer, it is possible to realize quick heat radiating.And improve the boiling heat transfer of heat-delivery surface
Performance-critical is to increase the nucleus of boiling of heat exchange surface, strengthens nucleate boiling.Research shows, given
Under the conditions of adding the degree of superheat of hot surface, only it is more than the smaller part needed for air bubble growth when the radius of the nucleus of boiling
Footpath, bubble just can grow up, and nucleate boiling just can be carried out.And in fine depression on porous surface or crack
Adsorb gas or the steam of trace, be the best nucleus of boiling.In boiling process, when bubble parameters takes off
Behind hole, owing to liquid shows the effect of tension force, the some vapor that these holes are retained is difficult to be flowed into
Liquid is thoroughly discharged, and just becomes the new nucleus of boiling, and the long bubble made new advances, so that boiling process is constantly held
Continuous.Prepare the method predominantly organic tool processing of porous surface, sintering, flame-spraying, ionization deposition etc. at present
, there is finished surface hole too big in method, specific surface area is little, and working (machining) efficiency is low, high in cost of production defect.This
Outward, these methods are only applicable to macro surface, and the processing for bottom surface, microchannel is the most helpless.
On the other hand, current micro-channel heat exchanger mainly uses the methods such as the cutting of etching, line, LIGA, milling
Prepare MCA, be glossy bottom surface, have that heat transfer area temperature little, boiled is big, heat transfer property
The defects such as difference.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with micro hole structure porous bottom surface and manufacture method thereof,
The heat exchange area of microchannel can be dramatically increased, increase the nucleus of boiling, increase heat transfer property.The present invention solves its skill
Art problem be the technical scheme is that
A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with micro hole structure porous bottom surface, upper including fit together up and down
Top board and lower shoe, the upper surface of described lower shoe is provided with the microchannel of some parallel interval arrangements, described
One end of microchannel connects the entrance of cooling working medium, and the other end of described microchannel connects the outlet of cooling working medium,
It is characterized in that: the hydraulic diameter of described microchannel is 100~1000 μm, and the bottom surface of described microchannel is to set
Have the porous surface of a large amount of micro hole structure, the aperture of described micro hole structure be 1~200 μm, the degree of depth be 1~
200μm。
Among one preferred embodiment: cooling working medium in described microchannel along longitudinal flow, described microchannel
Lateral cross section shape is rectangle or trapezoidal.
Among one preferred embodiment: cooling working medium in described microchannel along longitudinal flow, described microchannel
Lateral cross section shape is rectangle, the width of this microchannel be 0.4mm-1.0mm, the degree of depth be 0.8mm-1.5mm,
Spacing between adjacent two microchannels is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
Among one preferred embodiment: cooling working medium in described microchannel along longitudinal flow, described microchannel
Lateral cross section shape is trapezoidal, its upper bottom surface width is 0.7mm-1.0mm, face width of going to the bottom is 0.4mm-0.6mm,
The degree of depth is 0.8mm-1.5mm, and the spacing between adjacent two microchannels is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
Among one preferred embodiment: the material of described lower shoe is copper or aluminum or rustless steel.
A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger manufacture method with micro hole structure porous bottom surface, comprises the steps:
(1) choose two pieces of cleaned scrubbing, drying sheet metal as upper plate and lower shoe
(2) lower shoe is fixed on fine electric spark line cutting working platform, uses the cutting of fine electric spark line
Processing method processes, at the upper surface of lower shoe, the microchannel that some parallel interval are arranged;
(3) with kerosene, dehydrated alcohol, lower shoe is carried out ultrasonic waves for cleaning successively, remove bottom surface, microchannel
Greasy dirt and oxide skin;
(4) lower shoe is placed on the workbench of low power pulse laser location clamping;
(5) open laser instrument, open laser instrument protection gas, prevent laser from sending out when surface of the work is processed
Raw oxidation, drawn Laser Processing path in laser software, control the moving area of laser facula, make
Laser processing area without departing from bottom surface, microchannel scope, bottom surface, microchannel is laser machined, described
The bottom surface of microchannel processes a large amount of micro hole structure;
(6) lower shoe is placed in ultrasonic waves for cleaning 10-20 minute in dehydrated alcohol, removes slag;
(7) lower surface of the upper surface of lower shoe and upper plate is sealed laminating encapsulation, and with outside adapter
And water pump connects into an entirety, finally give complete micro-channel heat exchanger
Among one preferred embodiment: the output of Laser Processing is 15~24W;The scanning speed of Laser Processing
It is 100~300mm/s;The scanning times of Laser Processing is 8~20 times;Laser Processing overlapping rate be 60%~
92%.
Among one preferred embodiment: the cutting of fine electric spark line selects the molybdenum filament of a diameter of 0.1mm as processing
Electrode, uses slow wire feeding processing mode, and linear cutter short circuit current is 2-4A, and pulse width is 4-8 μ s,
Pulse spacing is 40-80 μ s, and open-circuit voltage is 100-110V, and wire travelling speed is 4-8mm2/min。
Among one preferred embodiment: in the middle of step (2), microchannel hydraulic diameter is 100~1000 μm;
Among one preferred embodiment: in the middle of step (5), the aperture of micro hole structure is 1~200 μm, deep
Degree is 1~200 μm.
The technical program is compared with background technology, and it has the advantage that
1. the bottom surface of the microchannel of micro-channel heat exchanger is the porous bottom surface being formed with a large amount of micro hole structure, can
Significantly increase the heat exchange area of microchannel, form the nucleus of boiling that seethes with excitement in a large number, thus be obviously enhanced microchannel and change
The heat transfer property of hot device.
2. use the porous bottom surface that low power pulse laser obtains after carrying out being processed bottom surface, microchannel,
Pore structure size is little, and quantity is many, and micro hole structure can obtain different by controlling laser output parameter
Pore-size, specific surface area.
3. use low power pulse laser that bottom surface, microchannel is processed, it is not necessary to complicated manufacturing process and
Equipment, production efficiency is high, and heat affected area is little, simple to operation, with low cost, pollution-free.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 depicts the schematic perspective view of micro-channel heat exchanger.
Fig. 2 depicts the perspective exploded view of micro-channel heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 depicts the malformation schematic diagram of micro-channel heat exchanger.
Fig. 4 depicts the schematic diagram of the method processing micro hole structure using Laser Processing.
Fig. 5 depicts the SEM figure of the micro hole structure of first embodiment.
Fig. 6 depicts the SEM figure of the micro hole structure of the second embodiment.
Fig. 7 depicts the SEM figure of the micro hole structure of the 3rd embodiment.
Fig. 8 depicts the SEM figure of the micro hole structure of the 4th embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with micro hole structure porous bottom surface of the present invention,
Including the upper plate 2 fit together up and down and lower shoe 1, the upper surface of described lower shoe 1 is provided with some
The microchannel 11 of parallel interval arrangement, one end of described microchannel connects the entrance of cooling working medium, described microchannel
The other end connect cooling working medium outlet.The hydraulic diameter of described microchannel 11 is 100~1000 μm.Institute
The bottom surface stating microchannel 11 is provided with the porous surface of a large amount of micro hole structure 111, described micro hole structure 111
Aperture be 1~200 μm, the degree of depth be 1~200 μm.
Preferably, cooling working medium in described microchannel 11 along longitudinal flow, the lateral cross section of described microchannel
Shape is rectangle.Certainly, the cross sectional shape of microchannel 11 can also be trapezoidal (as shown in Figure 3).
Preferably, cooling working medium in described microchannel 11 along longitudinal flow, described microchannel 11 horizontal
Cross sectional shape is rectangle, the width of this microchannel be 0.4mm-1.0mm, the degree of depth be 0.8mm-1.5mm, adjacent
Article two, the spacing between microchannel is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
Preferably, cooling working medium in described microchannel 11 along longitudinal flow, described microchannel 11 horizontal
Cross sectional shape is rectangle, the width of this microchannel be 0.4mm-1.0mm, the degree of depth be 0.8mm-1.5mm, adjacent
Article two, the spacing between microchannel is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
Preferably, the material of described lower shoe 1 is copper or aluminum or rustless steel;The material of described upper plate 2 is
Copper or aluminum or rustless steel.
This has the micro-channel heat exchanger of micro hole structure porous bottom surface, is formed and has a large amount of micro hole structure
Porous bottom surface, significantly increases the heat exchange area of microchannel, forms the nucleus of boiling that seethes with excitement in a large number, thus significantly increases
The heat transfer property of strong micro-channel heat exchanger.Low power pulse laser is used to carry out bottom surface, microchannel is added
The porous bottom surface obtained after work, pore structure size is little, and quantity is many, and micro hole structure can be by controlling
Laser output parameter obtains different pore-size, specific surface area.Use low power pulse laser to micro-logical
Bottom surface, road is processed, it is not necessary to complicated manufacturing process and equipment, and production efficiency is high, and heat affected area is little, behaviour
Make simple and convenient, with low cost, pollution-free.
Divide four embodiments that the manufacture method of micro-channel heat exchanger is introduced below:
Embodiment 1, refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, comprises the following steps:
(1) copper plate of two pieces of a size of 25mm × 11mm × 2mm and 25mm × 11mm × 1mm is chosen, and
Being cleaned scrubbing, drying, the copper plate of the most a size of 25mm × 11mm × 1mm is as Thermal Performance of Micro Channels
The upper plate 2 of device, the copper plate of a size of 25mm × 11mm × 2mm is as the lower shoe 1 of micro-channel heat exchanger;
(2) by lower shoe 1 clamping to wire cutting machine fixture, upper at lower shoe 1 of wire cutting technology is used
Surface Machining goes out the Rectangular Microchannel 11 along coolant flow direction parallel arrangement.Particularly as follows: select a diameter of
The molybdenum filament of 0.1mm, as machined electrode, uses slow wire feeding processing mode, and linear cutter short circuit current is 3A,
Pulse width is 6 μ s, and the pulse spacing is 60 μ s, and open-circuit voltage is 105V, and wire travelling speed is 6mm2/min。
By the TRAJECTORY CONTROL microchannel cross section shape of molybdenum filament, the upper surface at lower shoe 1 cuts out the 8 road degree of depth and is
1.2mm, width is 0.8mm, and spacing is the Rectangular Microchannel 11 of 0.5mm, the hydraulic diameter of microchannel 11
For 0.96mm;
(3) with kerosene, dehydrated alcohol, lower shoe 1 is carried out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes successively, remove micro-
The greasy dirt of passage 11 bottom surface and oxide skin;
(4) lower shoe 1 is placed on the workbench of low power pulse laser location, uses fixture by it
Clamping;
(5) open laser instrument, adjust laser beam 3 and the position of lower shoe 1, make laser beam 3 pass through
Focus in lower shoe 1 on bottom surface, microchannel 11 after condenser lens 4, form the laser facula 5 after focusing on,
Adjust the protection valve 6 of laser instrument and open laser radiation gas, preventing laser from lower shoe 1 surface being added
Man-hour aoxidizes;The most drawn Laser Processing path also arranges the output parameter of laser instrument and is set to:
Laser power is 21W, and scanning speed is 250mm/s, and scanning times is 10 times, and overlapping rate is 82%;Laser
Output parameter starts to be processed bottom surface, microchannel 11 after setting, and processes in bottom surface, microchannel 11
The micro hole structure 111 of porous bottom surface, the aperture of micro hole structure 111 is about 20~105 μm, the degree of depth be 1~
114μm;
(6) lower shoe 1 is placed in ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes in dehydrated alcohol, after removing slag;
(7) lower surface of upper plate 2 and the upper surface of lower shoe 1 fit together, and carry out close by welding
Envelope encapsulation, makes the two fit tightly, and connects into an entirety with outside adapter and water pump afterwards.
Embodiment 2, refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6, comprises the following steps:
(1) copper plate of two pieces of a size of 25mm × 11mm × 2mm and 25mm × 11mm × 1mm is chosen, and
Being cleaned scrubbing, drying, the copper plate of the most a size of 25mm × 11mm × 1mm is as Thermal Performance of Micro Channels
The upper plate 2 of device, the copper plate of a size of 25mm × 11mm × 2mm is as the lower shoe 1 of micro-channel heat exchanger;
(2) by lower shoe 1 clamping to wire cutting machine fixture, wire cutting technology is used to process along coolant
The trapezoidal microchannel 11 of flow direction parallel arrangement.Particularly as follows: select the molybdenum filament of a diameter of 0.1mm as adding
Work electrode, uses slow wire feeding processing mode, and linear cutter short circuit current is 2A, and pulse width is 8 μ s,
Pulse spacing is 50 μ s, and open-circuit voltage is 100V, and wire travelling speed is 5mm2/min.By the track control of molybdenum filament
Microchannel cross section shape processed, cuts out the 8 a width of 0.8mm of road upper bottom surface on copper plate, and bottom surface is a width of
0.5mm, a height of 1.2mm, spacing is the isosceles trapezoid microchannel of 0.5mm, and the hydraulic diameter of microchannel is
0.84mm;
(3) with kerosene, dehydrated alcohol, lower shoe 1 is carried out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes successively, remove micro-
The greasy dirt of passage bottom and oxide skin;
(4) lower shoe 1 is placed on the workbench of low power pulse laser location, uses fixture by it
Clamping;
(5) open laser instrument, adjust laser beam 3 and the position of lower shoe 1, make laser beam 3 pass through
Focus in lower shoe 1 on bottom surface, microchannel after condenser lens 4, form the laser facula 5 after focusing on, adjust
The protection valve 6 of laser instrument also opens laser radiation gas, when preventing laser to be processed lower shoe 1 surface
Aoxidize;The most drawn Laser Processing path also arranges the output parameter of laser instrument and is set to: swash
Luminous power is 18W, and scanning speed is 300mm/s, and scanning times is 10 times, and overlapping rate is 82%;Laser is defeated
Go out after parameter sets and start the bottom surface, trapezoidal microchannel of micro-channel heat exchanger is processed, had
The trapezoidal microchannel 11 of micro hole structure 111 porous bottom surface, the aperture of micro hole structure is about 34~115 μm,
The degree of depth is 1~90 μm;
(6) lower shoe 1 is placed in ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes in dehydrated alcohol, removes slag;
(7) lower surface of upper plate 2 and the upper surface of lower shoe 1 fit together, and carry out close by welding
Envelope encapsulation, makes the two fit tightly, and connects into an entirety with outside adapter and water pump afterwards.
Embodiment 3, refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, comprises the following steps:
(1) choose two pieces of sizes and be the copper plate of 15mm × 10mm × 2mm, and cleaned scrubbing, baking
Dry, respectively as upper plate 2 and the lower shoe 1 of micro-channel heat exchanger;
(2) by lower shoe clamping to wire cutting machine fixture, wire cutting technology is used to process along cooling liquid stream
The Rectangular Microchannel 11 of dynamic direction parallel arrangement.Particularly as follows: select the molybdenum filament of a diameter of 0.1mm as processing
Electrode, uses slow wire feeding processing mode, and linear cutter short circuit current is 4A, and pulse width is 8 μ s, arteries and veins
Punching is spaced apart 80 μ s, and open-circuit voltage is 110V, and wire travelling speed is 8mm2/min.By the TRAJECTORY CONTROL of molybdenum filament
Microchannel cross section shape, cutting out the 12 road degree of depth on lower shoe 1 is 1.0mm, and width is 0.5mm,
Away from the Rectangular Microchannel 11 for 0.5mm, the hydraulic diameter of microchannel 11 is 0.67mm;
(3) with kerosene, dehydrated alcohol, lower shoe 1 is carried out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes successively, remove micro-
The greasy dirt of passage bottom and oxide skin;
(4) lower shoe 1 is placed on the workbench of low power pulse laser location, uses fixture by it
Clamping;
(5) open laser instrument, adjust laser beam 3 and the position of lower shoe 1, make laser beam 3 pass through
Focus in lower shoe 1 on bottom surface, microchannel after condenser lens 4, form the laser facula 5 after focusing on, adjust
The protection valve 6 of laser instrument also opens laser radiation gas, when preventing laser to be processed lower shoe 1 surface
Aoxidize;The most drawn Laser Processing path also arranges the output parameter of laser instrument and is set to: swash
Luminous power is 18W, and scanning speed is 250mm/s, and scanning times is 8 times, and overlapping rate is 82%;Laser is defeated
Go out after parameter sets and start the bottom surface of microchannel 11 is processed, obtain substantial amounts of micro hole structure
111, the aperture of micro hole structure 111 is about 29~150 μm, and the degree of depth is 1~104.6 μm;
(6) lower shoe 1 is placed in ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes in dehydrated alcohol, removes slag;
(7) lower surface of upper plate 2 and the upper surface of lower shoe 1 fit together, and carry out close by welding
Envelope encapsulation, makes the two fit tightly, and connects into an entirety with outside adapter and water pump afterwards.
Embodiment 4, refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, comprises the following steps:
(1) choose two pieces of sizes and be the copper plate of 45mm × 20mm × 2mm, and cleaned scrubbing, baking
Dry, respectively as upper plate 2 and the lower shoe 1 of micro-channel heat exchanger;
(2) by lower shoe 1 clamping to wire cutting machine fixture, wire cutting technology table on lower shoe 1 is used
Face processes the Rectangular Microchannel 11 along coolant flow direction parallel arrangement.Particularly as follows: select a diameter of
The molybdenum filament of 0.1mm, as machined electrode, uses slow wire feeding processing mode, and linear cutter short circuit current is 3A,
Pulse width is 6 μ s, and the pulse spacing is 60 μ s, and open-circuit voltage is 105V, and wire travelling speed is 6mm2/min。
By the TRAJECTORY CONTROL microchannel cross section shape of molybdenum filament, cutting out the 18 road degree of depth on lower shoe 1 is 1.0mm,
Width is 0.6mm, and spacing is the Rectangular Microchannel 11 of 0.5mm, and the hydraulic diameter of microchannel 11 is 0.75mm;
(3) with kerosene, dehydrated alcohol, lower shoe 1 is carried out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes successively, remove micro-
The greasy dirt of passage 11 bottom surface and oxide skin;
(4) lower shoe 1 is placed on the workbench of low power pulse laser location, uses fixture by it
Clamping;
(5) open laser instrument, adjust laser beam 3 and the position of lower shoe 1, make laser beam 3 pass through
Focus on bottom surface, lower shoe 1 microchannel 11 after condenser lens 4, form the laser facula 5 after focusing on, adjust
The protection valve 6 of whole laser instrument also opens laser radiation gas, prevents laser to be processed lower shoe 1 surface
Shi Fasheng aoxidizes;The most drawn Laser Processing path also arranges the output parameter of laser instrument and is set to:
Laser power is 18W, and scanning speed is 300mm/s, and scanning times is 10 times, and overlapping rate is 73%;Laser
Output parameter starts to be processed bottom surface, microchannel 11 after setting, and obtains a large amount of micro hole structure 111,
The aperture of micro hole structure 111 is about 43~187 μm, and the degree of depth is 1~92.6 μm;
(6) base plate 1 is placed in ultrasonic waves for cleaning 15 minutes in dehydrated alcohol, removes slag;
(7) lower surface of upper plate 2 and the upper surface of lower shoe 1 fit together, and carry out close by welding
Envelope encapsulation, makes the two fit tightly, and connects into an entirety with outside adapter and water pump afterwards.
The above, only present pre-ferred embodiments, therefore the scope that the present invention implements can not be limited according to this,
The equivalence change i.e. made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description and modification, all should still belong to the present invention and contain
In the range of.