CN105862945A - Intelligent monitoring and regulating system and method for differential settlement of building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and adjusting system for uneven settlement of building structures, which comprises a first laser emitter and a second laser emitter arranged up and down, the first laser emitter is provided with a bubble level, and the lower part of the first laser emitter passes through The first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft is connected with the first vertical displacement adjustment motor; the upper part of the first laser emitter is provided with a camera corresponding to the bubble level; one side of the upper part of the first laser emitter is provided with a A connected vertical adjustment device; corresponding to the first and second laser emitters, a laser receiving screen vertically installed on the ground is provided. The invention also discloses a monitoring and adjusting method using the system. The system has the advantages of simple structure, strong durability, high precision, high degree of automation, economical and practical, more intelligent, more convenient monitoring method, accurate data, long-term data storage and continuous measurement.

Description

Intelligent monitoring and adjustment system and monitoring and adjustment method for uneven settlement of building structures

technical field

The invention relates to a building construction technology, in particular to an intelligent monitoring and adjusting system and a monitoring and adjusting method for uneven settlement of a building structure.

Background technique

In order to accurately reflect the accurate settlement of the building, it is necessary to set evenly distributed settlement observation points in the components of the building. At present, the relatively old technology uses more common anchor observation points, most of which are exposed, easy to rust, etc., have a short service life, high repair rate, and unsightly appearance. There are also some improved technologies, which are to add protective shells to the observation points. However, the existing buildings pay attention to the appearance, especially many high-end residences, which put forward higher requirements for the decoration of the settlement observation signs. Therefore, the old common anchor observation points widely used on the facade can no longer meet the quality requirements of many engineering facades.

Moreover, the traditional settlement observations use total stations, levels, inclinometers and other equipment, using a combination of geometric level, energy level, vertical height transmission and triangular elevation. The equipment is expensive, the operation is complicated, and the operators have high professional requirements. The measurement requires at least two operators, so the cost of building settlement observation is very uneconomical.

Chinese patent ZL98224523.8 discloses a portable multifunctional measuring instrument, which includes an instrument frame, a laser frame, a plumb adjustment device, a level adjustment device, a dial, a calculator, a compass, and a plumb. The laser is placed on the upper part of the instrument frame in parallel. The tie line is connected with the plumb, and the horizontal adjustment device is placed at the bottom of the instrument rack. The device mainly relies on the spiral, compass and plumb to control the level and vertical of the instrument rack; the horizontal state of the laser emitting device connected to the rack mainly depends on the control in the mechanical manufacturing process, the degree of intelligence is not high, and the plumb, etc. There is an observation error in controlling verticality.

Chinese patent application 201110382820.8 discloses a management system and method for detecting building settlements. It adopts the principle of geometric optics and uses pulsed laser beams as a detection signal source. Laser emitting equipment and laser receiving equipment are installed on the buildings to be detected. Install a laser reflection device on another location or building that does not have random geographical and spatial changes. When installing, reflect the laser beam from the detected building back to the laser receiving device installed in the detected building, and control the spot radius After the radius of the collection window of the laser receiving device and the collection window of the laser receiving device, the laser beam can be detected. When the relative displacement of any building occurs, the displacement can be detected, and then transmitted to the control and management platform through the wireless signal transmission module. The amount of settlement and the rate of settlement are the most concerned in settlement measurement. When using this device, the phenomenon of settlement occurs and the light shifts, but it can only determine whether it is shifted, and cannot measure the precise amount of shift, nor can it intelligently correct the building. The settling of objects, practicability and scope of application are all limited.

Chinese patent ZL201520744029.0 discloses a laser measuring building settlement device including a plane mirror with a scale, a laser transmitter, a plane mirror fixed horizontally on the original ground and the ground after settlement, and vertically fixed on the outer wall of the measured building The incident angle of the laser emitted by the laser transmitter is α, and the angle between the graduated plane mirror and the ground is 90°-α, where, 0°<α<90°, it is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the building under test The flat mirror on the top is fixed at a position where it can receive reflected light. The device uses the reflection principle of the plane mirror. Since the settlement of the building is often a small value, any error of the instrument will have a certain impact on the result. The use of specular reflection to amplify the settlement also continuously amplifies and transmits the error. To ensure the magnification effect, the requirements for the reflective mirror and the laser transmitter are extremely high, which will greatly increase the cost of the equipment. Therefore its patent or can't guarantee the craft requirement of mirror surface and practicability is low, or makes equipment very expensive after improving the flatness of mirror surface. Moreover, it needs to ensure that the angle of the mirror surface and the laser emission angle of the two measurements remain unchanged, which is very complicated in construction and operation.

Chinese patent application 201510093449.1 discloses an online monitoring method for settlement and convergence during construction and operation of buildings. Reflectors are installed at the settlement point of the vault to adjust the level; laser displacement sensors I and II are installed at the waist of the arch , the laser displacement sensor III is installed vertically below the settlement point; the laser displacement sensor I at the arch waist emits laser light upwards and intersects the laser emitted by the vertically placed laser displacement sensor III at a point on the reflector; the laser displacement sensor II at the arch waist Horizontal injection of laser light intersects with vertically placed laser displacement sensor III horizontally; record the length of sides AB and AC of the triangle; remove the laser displacement sensor III and enter the test state; when the top sinks, the length of side AB of the triangle becomes BD, and pass Similar to the triangle property theorem, it can be obtained that the length of CE, the settlement size AE=AC-CE; the convergence of the arch waist is measured by the laser displacement sensor II to measure the length of BF, and when the length of BF changes to BF', the convergence = BF-BF'. In order to ensure the reliability of its similar triangle and the stability of the laser light path, the measurement environment of the device is assumed to be that the tunnel or other arched observation objects only have vertical and lateral displacements, and the building section plane has no deformation. , is not particularly suitable for the deformation of various types of common residential buildings, factories and other buildings.

Through searching, there are few similar patents in domestic invention patent papers that can simultaneously measure the uplift of building structures, and even rarer are similar patents that combine advanced technologies such as laser, photoelectric conversion, and hydraulic control for settlement observation equipment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of complex measurement operation, difficulty in permanent preservation, high cost, troublesome acquisition of measurement data, inaccurate data and inability to measure continuously in the prior art of building settlement measurement structure, and to provide a kind of uneven settlement of building structure An intelligent monitoring and adjusting system and a monitoring and adjusting method. The system has simple structure, strong durability, high precision, high degree of automation, economical and practical, and is more intelligent.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures, including a first laser emitter and a second laser emitter arranged up and down, the first laser emitter is provided with a bubble level, and the lower part of the first laser emitter passes through the first vertical The telescopic adjustment shaft is connected with the first vertical displacement adjustment motor; the upper part of the first laser emitter is provided with a camera corresponding to the bubble level; the upper side of the first laser emitter is provided with a vertical An adjustment device; corresponding to the first and second laser transmitters, a laser receiving screen vertically installed on the ground is provided;

The camera communicates with the digital signal transmitter arranged at the bottom of the laser receiving screen, and the digital signal transmitter communicates with the computer;

The rear end of the second laser emitter is in contact with the rigid probe arranged in the settlement structure of the building to be measured;

The bottom of the settlement structure of the building to be tested is provided with a vertical hydraulic control system. The vertical hydraulic control system lifts or pulls down the building structure, adjusts the height of the building structure, and reduces the destructive effect of subsidence or buoyancy on the building.

The vertical hydraulic control system is provided with a wireless signal receiver communicating with the computer. The wireless signal receiver is used to receive the computer commands sent by the digital signal transmitter, and transmit the commands to the vertical hydraulic control system; the cooperation object is the digital signal transmitter and the vertical hydraulic control system.

The second half of the second laser emitter is connected to the settlement structure of the building to be measured through an inclined spring. The probe inserted into the building to be tested in advance is located above the rear half of the laser emitter. The function of the spring is to ensure its fit, so that the probe and the rear half of the laser emitter fit closely, regardless of whether the building is floating or sinking. , can always make the probe and the laser emitter stick together, and there is no detachment phenomenon, so that the obtained data is always valid data.

The vertical adjustment device includes a second vertical displacement adjustment motor arranged on one side of the upper part of the first laser transmitter, the second vertical displacement adjustment motor is connected to one end of the second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, and the second vertical displacement adjustment motor is connected to one end of the second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft. The other end of the telescopic adjustment shaft is connected with a horizontal shaft arranged at the center of the second laser emitter, and the second laser emitter can rotate around the horizontal axis.

Both the first and second vertical telescopic adjustment axes are kept perpendicular to the first laser emitter.

The bubble level is respectively connected with the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob and the bubble centering fine adjustment knob and the motor, the coarse adjustment knob is adjusted manually, and the fine adjustment knob is controlled and adjusted by the motor.

The first and second vertical displacement adjustment motors, the bubble centering fine-tuning knob and the motor are all connected to the wireless signal receiver.

The laser receiving screen is provided with a scale, the laser receiving screen is a photoelectric signal conversion screen, and the photoelectric signal conversion screen realizes data transmission with the digital signal transmitter.

The rigid probe is arranged horizontally, one end of which is rigidly arranged in the settlement structure of the building to be tested, and the settlement moments of the rigid probe and the settlement structure of the building to be tested are kept consistent.

A monitoring and adjusting method using an intelligent monitoring and adjusting system for uneven settlement of building structures, comprising the following steps:

1) Adjust the horizontality and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis in real time, so that its spatial position is kept horizontal and the vertical displacement is constant at all times, so as to maintain the constant position of the horizontal axis;

2) Make the rear end of the second laser emitter contact with the rigid probe horizontally rigidly set in the settlement structure of the building to be tested. When the settlement structure of the building to be tested sinks or floats up, the second laser emitter will rotate , the position of the light spot on the laser receiving screen will change at this time, and the vertical displacement of the building settlement structure to be measured is obtained by the computer itself in real time;

3) After the displacement of the building settlement structure to be measured is obtained, if the absolute value of the displacement is greater than 0.5mm, the computer control system will send instructions to the vertical hydraulic control system to compensate for the vertical displacement of the building structure.

The real-time adjustment of the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis in step 1) includes the following steps:

(1) Center the bubble:

First, use the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob to manually adjust the level of the first laser transmitter. At this time, the bubble of the bubble level is not necessarily in the middle position. The centering of the bubble is captured by the camera in real time and transmitted through the digital signal transmitter. To the computer, if the bubble is not in the center, the computer control system will send instructions to the bubble center fine-tuning knob and the motor through the signal transmitter, and the motor drives the bubble center fine-tuning knob to start working, and the bubble is gradually centered. When the bubble is in the center, the computer control system will The bubble centering command will be terminated, and the work of keeping the horizontal axis horizontal is completed;

(2) Vertical displacement adjustment: set the projection scale on the laser receiving screen as 0 when the first laser transmitter is working. If the projection scale is not 0, the digital signal transmitter on the laser receiving screen will transmit to the computer. signal, at this moment the computer control system starts to work and sends instructions to the first vertical displacement adjustment motor below the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, and the first vertical displacement adjustment motor drives the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft to move up and down, The first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft drives the first laser emitter to move up and down on the premise of keeping the level until the laser point of the first laser emitter stops at point O, and the instruction is terminated; after the above two steps, the horizontal axis can automatically Stay horizontal and keep the vertical displacement constant.

When the computer control system adjusts the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis, it always keeps the bubble in the center first and then adjusts the vertical displacement.

In the above step 2), when the displacement of the rigid probe along with the settlement structure of the building to be measured is Y0, the second laser emitter will rotate counterclockwise around the horizontal axis, and at the same time the left end of the second laser emitter will be on the rigid The downward displacement under the action of the probe is Y0;

If the horizontal distance from the right end of the rigid probe to the centerline of the horizontal axis is M, the horizontal distance from the centerline of the horizontal axis to the laser receiving screen is N; when the second laser transmitter is horizontal and rotated, the spot positions on the laser receiving screen are respectively O1 and O2, the difference between the scales between O1 and O2 is Y2, the axis of the second laser emitter drops by Y1 at the point of contact with the steel needle, and formula 1 and formula 2 can be obtained by the triangle similarity principle; if H is the second The height of the laser transmitter, the angle a is the counterclockwise deflection angle of the second laser transmitter, then the actual settlement value of the building settlement structure to be measured, that is, the displacement Y0, can be obtained by formula 3;

Formula 1

Formula 2

Formula 3

If the structure floats up, the second laser emitter will rotate clockwise under the action of the spring, and the calculation method of the displacement of the uplift is the same as that of the settlement, and will not be repeated here.

The invention is mainly composed of six parts: a laser emitting system, a horizontal axis vertical displacement control system, a structural hydraulic control system, a laser receiving screen, a computer, and a signal receiving and emitting system. First, the horizontal axis control system adjusts the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis in real time, so that its spatial position is kept horizontal and the vertical displacement is constant at all times. The system works all the time to maintain the constant position of the horizontal axis. When the building mechanism sinks or floats up, the second laser emitter will rotate, and the position of the light spot on the laser receiving screen will change at this time, and the vertical displacement of the structure can be obtained by the computer in real time through formula 3 . After the structural displacement is obtained, if the absolute value of the displacement is greater than 0.5mm, the computer control system will send instructions to the hydraulic servo system to compensate for the vertical displacement of the building structure.

Compared with Chinese patent ZL98224523.8, the present invention uses a mature electronic adjustment device to control the level and verticality, and the laser transmitter adopts a relatively independent secondary level adjustment mechanism to adapt to complex environments, with high intelligence and high precision.

Compared with the Chinese patent application 201110382820.8, the present invention can not only judge whether the displacement and the settlement are reasonable, but also determine the settlement and rate, correct the uneven settlement of the building, and protect the building. Its practical value and applicability The range is large.

Compared with the Chinese patent ZL201520744029.0, the invention can make two horizontal and vertical adjustments before measurement to ensure that the incident laser angle is fixed, and the amplification effect depends on the principle of similar triangles, and there is no amplification error. The various components used are mature in technology and low in price. It is easy to accept and easy to maintain, and can be intelligently and fully automatic monitored, and the construction and operation are simple and easy.

Compared with Chinese patent application 201510093449.1, the present invention has a special horizontal and vertical monitoring system, which can be sensed in real time and adjusted to the horizontal and vertical positions for measurement during the detection process, and can always keep two similar triangles from being damaged, even if The torsion of the building does not affect the observation of the settlement, ensuring the rationality of the algorithm and the reliability of the measurement results.

Compared with conventional prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following points:

a) Automation and intelligence: The system is basically fully automated and intelligent, which provides convenience for long-term settlement observation. The structural hydraulic control system in the device realizes automatic control, and at the same time improves the accuracy of measurement, which can theoretically reach the level of 0.01mm.

b) Data collection is more flexible: the system can automatically collect data 5 times per second and work 24 hours a day, which provides a guarantee for more accurate and real-time measurement of structure settlement.

c) Simultaneous measurement of building uplift: In addition to measuring the conventional vertical downward settlement, this system can also measure the uplift of the building structure when the building rises vertically, which is a function that similar patents do not have.

d) Settlement compensation: This system includes a settlement compensation system, which can automatically adjust the uneven settlement of the building structure, protect the important structure of the building, improve the safety of the building, and prolong the life of the building.

e) Remote control: The system remotely transmits the collected data to surveyors to improve work efficiency.

f) The settlement observation readings are accurate: the photoelectric conversion technology adopted by the laser signal receiving screen in this device improves the measurement accuracy and ensures the relative stability of the settlement observation point. Both the laser emission and the scale scale are self-leveling to ensure the accuracy of the settlement measurement.

g) Cost economy: the technology of each part adopted in this system is quite mature, which ensures the economy of cost.

h) Easy to use: You only need to turn on the device when using, and the system can automatically observe and record the value, so it does not require a large number of professional operations.

i) Ease of popularization: the observation device is easy to popularize due to the simple cost of the equipment, the ease of use and the flexible layout, and the low environmental requirements.

j) The present invention is simple in structure, scientific and reasonable in design, easy to implement, and effectively ensures the accuracy of settlement observation points as well as the decorative construction and aesthetics of buildings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent monitoring and adjusting system for uneven settlement of building structures of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of keeping the horizontal axis horizontal and its vertical displacement constant in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the building structure settlement test principle;

Among them, 1. the first laser emitter, 2. the second laser emitter, 3. the bubble level, 4. the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, 5. the first vertical displacement adjustment motor, 6. the camera, 7. Laser receiving screen, 8. Digital signal transmitter, 9. Computer, 10. Building settlement structure to be tested, 11. Rigid probe, 12. Vertical hydraulic control system, 13. Wireless signal receiver, 14. Spring, 15. The second vertical displacement adjustment motor, 16. The second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, 17. The horizontal axis, 18. The bubble centered coarse adjustment knob, 19. The bubble centered fine adjustment knob and motor, 20. The first laser emitter laser emission Mouth, 21. The second laser emitter launch port.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of those who are familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention , so it has no technical substantive meaning, and any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention without affecting the functions and objectives of the present invention. The technical content must be within the scope covered. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit this specification. The practicable scope of the invention and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the practicable scope of the present invention without any substantial change in the technical content.

The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures is abbreviated as JBZX-1. As shown in Figure 1, JBZX-1 is mainly composed of six parts: laser emitting system, horizontal axis and vertical displacement control system, structural hydraulic control system, laser receiving screen, computer and control system, signal receiving and emitting system. The laser receiving screen is fixed on the ground and kept vertical to the ground. The size of laser emission spot is 1mm×1mm.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures includes a first laser emitter 1 and a second laser emitter 2 arranged up and down, and a bubble level 3 is arranged on the first laser emitter 1. The bottom of the first laser transmitter 1 is connected with the first vertical displacement adjustment motor 5 through the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft 4; the top of the first laser transmitter 1 is provided with a camera 6 corresponding to the bubble level 3; the first laser transmitter A vertical adjustment device connected to the second laser emitter 2 is provided on the upper side of the emitter 1; a laser receiving screen 7 vertically installed on the ground is provided corresponding to the first and second laser emitters 1 and 2;

The camera 6 communicates with the digital signal transmitter 8 arranged at the bottom of the laser receiving screen 7, and the digital signal transmitter 8 communicates with the computer 9;

The rear end of the second laser emitter 2 is in contact with the rigid probe 11 arranged in the building settlement structure 10 to be measured;

A vertical hydraulic control system 12 is provided at the bottom of the building settlement structure 10 to be tested. The system lifts or pulls down the building structure, adjusts the height of the building structure, and reduces the destructive effect of subsidence or buoyancy on the building.

The vertical hydraulic control system 12 is provided with a wireless signal receiver 13 communicating with the computer 9 . The wireless signal receiver is used to receive the computer commands sent by the digital signal transmitter, and transmit the commands to the vertical hydraulic control system; the cooperation object is the digital signal transmitter and the vertical hydraulic control system.

The second half of the laser emitter 2 is connected to the subsidence structure 10 of the building to be measured through an inclined spring 14 . The probe 11 inserted into the building to be tested in advance is located above the second laser emitter rear half, and the spring 14 is used to ensure its fit, so that the probe 11 and the second laser emitter 2 are closely attached to the rear half , no matter whether the building is floating or sinking, the probe 11 and the second laser emitter 2 can always be attached, and there is no detachment phenomenon, so that the obtained data is always valid data.

The vertical adjustment device includes a second vertical displacement adjustment motor 15 arranged on the upper side of the first laser emitter 1. The second vertical displacement adjustment motor 15 is connected to one end of the second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft 16. The other end of the telescopic adjustment shaft 16 is connected to the horizontal shaft 17 arranged at the center of the second laser emitter 2 , and the second laser emitter 2 can rotate around the horizontal shaft 17 .

Both the first and second vertically telescopic adjustment axes 4 and 16 are kept perpendicular to the first laser emitter 1 .

The bubble level 3 is respectively connected with the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob 18 and the bubble centering fine adjustment knob and the motor 19, the coarse adjustment knob 18 is manually adjusted, and the fine adjustment knob is controlled and regulated by the motor.

The first and second vertical displacement adjustment motors 5 and 15 , the bubble centering fine-tuning knob and the motor 19 are all connected to the wireless signal receiver 14 .

The laser receiving screen 7 is provided with a scale, the laser receiving screen 7 is a photoelectric signal conversion screen, and the photoelectric signal conversion screen and the digital signal transmitter 8 realize data transmission.

The rigid probe 11 is arranged horizontally, one end of which is rigidly arranged in the building settlement structure 10 to be tested, and the settlement moments of the rigid probe 11 and the building settlement structure 10 to be tested are consistent.

The monitoring and adjusting method using the intelligent monitoring and adjusting system for uneven settlement of building structures includes the following steps:

1) Keeping the horizontal axis level and its vertical displacement constant is a necessary condition for JBZX-1 to eliminate system errors. The horizontality and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis 17 are adjusted in real time to keep its spatial position horizontal and vertical displacement at all times unchanged, to keep the position of the horizontal axis 17 constant;

The real-time adjustment of the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis includes the following steps:

(1) Center the bubble:

As shown in Figure 2, at first the level of the first laser emitter 1 is initially adjusted manually using the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob 18. At this time, the bubbles of the bubble level 3 are not necessarily in the middle position, and the centering of the bubbles is detected by the camera 6. Take pictures in real time and transmit them to the computer 9 through the digital signal transmitter 8. If the bubble is not in the center position, the computer control system will send instructions to the bubble center fine-tuning knob and the motor 19 through the signal transmitter 8, and the motor drives the bubble center fine-tuning knob 19 to start Work, the bubble is gradually centered, when the bubble is centered, the computer control system will terminate the bubble centering instruction, and the work of keeping the horizontal axis 17 horizontal is completed;

(2) Vertical displacement adjustment: set the projection scale on the laser receiving screen 7 when the first laser transmitter launch port 20 is working to be 0, if the projection scale is not 0, the digital signal transmitter on the laser receiving screen 7 8 will send a signal to the computer 9, and at this moment the computer control system starts to work and sends instructions to the first vertical displacement adjustment motor 5 below the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft 4, and the first vertical displacement adjustment motor 5 drives the first vertical displacement adjustment motor 5 A vertical telescopic adjustment axis 4 moves up and down, so the first laser emitter 1 will move up and down under the premise of keeping the level, until the laser point of the first laser emitter 1 stops at point O, and the instruction is terminated; after the above two step, the horizontal axis 17 can be kept horizontal automatically and the vertical displacement remains constant.

When the computer control system is adjusting the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis 17, it always keeps the bubble in the center and then adjusts the vertical displacement.

2) The rear end of the second laser emitter 2 is brought into contact with the rigid probe 11 horizontally and rigidly arranged in the subsidence structure 10 of the building to be tested. 2 will rotate, and now the position of the spot on the laser receiving screen 7 will change, and the vertical displacement of the building settlement structure 10 to be measured is obtained in real time by the computer 9;

When the rigid probe 11 descends with the building settlement structure 10 to be tested and the displacement is Y0, the second laser emitter 2 will rotate counterclockwise around the horizontal axis 17, and the left end of the second laser emitter 17 will be on the rigid probe at the same time. Under the action of 11, the descending displacement is Y0;

If the horizontal distance from the right end of the rigid probe 11 to the centerline of the horizontal axis 17 is M, the horizontal distance from the centerline of the horizontal axis 17 to the laser receiving screen 7 is N; The positions of the light spots on the screen 7 are O1 and O2 respectively, and the difference between the scales between O1 and O2 is Y2, and the axis of the second laser emitter 2 drops by Y1 at the point of contact with the rigid probe 11, and it can be obtained by the triangle similarity principle Equation 1 and Equation 2; if H is the height of the second laser emitter 2, and the angle a is the counterclockwise deflection angle of the second laser emitter 2, then the actual settlement value of the building settlement structure 10 to be measured, that is, the displacement Y0, can be obtained by Equation 3 ;

Formula 1

Formula 2

Formula 3.

3) After the displacement of the building settlement structure 10 to be tested is obtained, if the absolute value of the displacement is greater than 0.5mm, the computer control system will send instructions to the vertical hydraulic control system to compensate for the vertical displacement of the building structure.

If the structure floats up, the second laser emitter 2 will rotate clockwise under the action of the spring 14, and the displacement calculation method for the floating is the same as the calculation method for the subsidence, which will not be repeated here.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures is characterized in that it includes a first laser transmitter and a second laser transmitter arranged up and down, the first laser transmitter is provided with a bubble level, and the first laser transmitter The lower part is connected with the first vertical displacement adjustment motor through the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft; the upper part of the first laser emitter is provided with a camera corresponding to the bubble level; the upper side of the first laser emitter is provided with a second laser A vertical adjustment device connected to the transmitter; corresponding to the first and second laser transmitters, a laser receiving screen vertically installed on the ground is provided; The camera communicates with the digital signal transmitter arranged at the bottom of the laser receiving screen, and the digital signal transmitter communicates with the computer; the rear end of the second laser transmitter is in contact with the rigid probe arranged in the settlement structure of the building to be measured; The bottom of the settlement structure of the building to be tested is provided with a vertical hydraulic control system; The vertical hydraulic control system is provided with a wireless signal receiver communicating with the computer; The second half of the second laser emitter is connected with the building settlement structure to be measured through an inclined spring. 2. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures according to claim 1, wherein the vertical adjustment device includes a second vertical displacement adjustment motor arranged on the upper side of the first laser emitter, the second The two vertical displacement adjustment motors are connected to one end of the second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, and the other end of the second vertical telescopic adjustment shaft is connected to the horizontal shaft arranged at the center of the second laser transmitter. The second laser transmitter can be Rotate around the horizontal axis. 3. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures according to claim 2, wherein the first and second vertically telescopic adjustment axes are both vertical to the first laser emitter. 4. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures according to claim 2, wherein the bubble level is respectively connected to the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob, the bubble centering fine adjustment knob and the motor, and the coarse adjustment knob is manually adjusted. The fine adjustment knob is adjusted by motor control. 5. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures according to claim 4, wherein the first and second vertical displacement adjustment motors, the bubble centering fine-tuning knob and the motor are all connected to the wireless signal receiver. 6. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures according to claim 1, wherein the laser receiving screen is provided with scales, the laser receiving screen is a photoelectric signal conversion screen, and the photoelectric signal conversion screen and digital signal transmission device for data transmission. 7. The intelligent monitoring and adjustment system for uneven settlement of building structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rigid probe is horizontally arranged, and one end of it is rigidly arranged in the settlement structure of the building to be measured, and the rigid probe and the building to be measured The settlement moment of the settlement structure remains consistent. 8. A method of monitoring and adjusting utilizing an intelligent monitoring and adjusting system for uneven settlement of building structures, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Adjust the horizontality and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis in real time, so that its spatial position is kept horizontal and the vertical displacement is constant at all times, so as to maintain the constant position of the horizontal axis; 2) Make the rear end of the second laser emitter contact with the rigid probe horizontally rigidly set in the settlement structure of the building to be tested. When the settlement structure of the building to be tested sinks or floats up, the second laser emitter will rotate , the position of the light spot on the laser receiving screen will change at this time, and the vertical displacement of the building settlement structure to be measured is obtained by the computer itself in real time; 3) After the displacement of the building settlement structure to be measured is obtained, if the absolute value of the displacement is greater than 0.5mm, the computer control system will send instructions to the vertical hydraulic control system to compensate for the vertical displacement of the building structure. 9. The monitoring and adjusting method according to claim 8, wherein the real-time adjustment of the horizontality and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis in step 1) includes the following steps: (1) Center the bubble: First, use the bubble centering coarse adjustment knob to manually adjust the level of the first laser transmitter. At this time, the bubble of the bubble level is not necessarily in the middle position. The centering of the bubble is captured by the camera in real time and transmitted through the digital signal transmitter. To the computer, if the bubble is not in the center, the computer control system will send instructions to the bubble center fine-tuning knob and the motor through the signal transmitter, and the motor drives the bubble center fine-tuning knob to start working, and the bubble is gradually centered. When the bubble is in the center, the computer control system will The bubble centering command will be terminated, and the work of keeping the horizontal axis horizontal is completed; (2) Vertical displacement adjustment: set the projection scale on the laser receiving screen as 0 when the first laser transmitter is working. If the projection scale is not 0, the digital signal transmitter on the laser receiving screen will transmit to the computer. signal, at this moment the computer control system starts to work and sends instructions to the first vertical displacement adjustment motor below the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft, and the first vertical displacement adjustment motor drives the first vertical telescopic adjustment shaft to move up and down, Then the first laser emitter will move up and down on the premise of keeping the level, until the laser point of the first laser emitter stops at point O, and the instruction is terminated; after the above two steps, the horizontal axis can automatically maintain the level and vertical displacement keep constant; When the computer control system adjusts the levelness and vertical displacement of the horizontal axis, it always keeps the bubble in the center first and then adjusts the vertical displacement. 10. The monitoring and adjusting method according to claim 8, characterized in that, in step 2), when the displacement of the rigid probe is less than Y0 along with the descending structure of the building to be measured, the second laser emitter will rotate around the horizontal The shaft rotates counterclockwise, and at the same time, the left end of the second laser emitter will descend to Y0 under the action of the rigid probe; If the horizontal distance from the right end of the rigid probe to the centerline of the horizontal axis is M, the horizontal distance from the centerline of the horizontal axis to the laser receiving screen is N; when the second laser transmitter is horizontal and rotated, the spot positions on the laser receiving screen are respectively O1 and O2, the difference between the scales between O1 and O2 is Y2, the axis of the second laser emitter drops by Y1 at the point of contact with the steel needle, and formula 1 and formula 2 can be obtained by the triangle similarity principle; if H is the second The height of the laser transmitter, the angle a is the counterclockwise deflection angle of the second laser transmitter, then the actual settlement value of the building settlement structure to be measured, that is, the displacement Y0, can be obtained by formula 3; Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3 If the structure floats up, the second laser emitter will rotate clockwise under the action of the spring, and the calculation method of the displacement of the uplift is the same as that of the settlement.