CN105846623A - Double stator and double wire coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder with double stators and double coils. The utility model belongs to the field of non-contact automobile braking. The biggest feature of the eddy current retarder is non-contact braking, fast response, good low-speed braking effect, which improves the braking performance of the car and avoids the rapid consumption of brake pads and tires caused by friction in traditional braking. Eliminate braking noise, avoid environmental pollution, greatly improve the driving safety, comfort and economy of the vehicle, reduce driver fatigue, improve work efficiency, reduce sudden braking, and make driving smoother. As an auxiliary braking device for automobiles, the invention innovatively adopts a disc rotor, a double stator and double coil structure, a coil design in the middle, and a rationally integrated structure of the stator and the water channel, which effectively reduces the axial size of the electromagnetic retarder , optimized the heat dissipation system, suppressed the thermal decay of the electromagnetic retarder, greatly increased the overall braking torque, and improved the braking effect.

Description

An electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder with double stators and double coils

technical field

The invention relates to an electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder with double stators and double coils. The utility model belongs to the field of non-contact automobile braking.

Background technique

The retarder is a safety auxiliary device for driving brakes, which applies the braking force to the transmission parts of the vehicle to consume harmful energy and reduce the driving speed of the vehicle. The basic principle of the eddy current retarder is: when the metal plane or arc is cutting the magnetic induction line, the air gap flux density changes periodically with the rotation of the rotor, and an eddy current potential will be generated on the surface of the stator and within a certain depth range. , and generate eddy current, and the magnetic field formed by the eddy current interacts with the air gap magnetic field to generate braking torque. The kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy and consumed through the medium of the magnetic field, and then plays the role of non-contact deceleration and braking. With the continuous improvement of vehicle driving safety, comfort, energy saving and environmental protection requirements, vehicles have a certain demand for retarders. The biggest feature of the eddy current retarder is non-contact braking, fast response, good low-speed braking effect, which improves the braking performance of the car and avoids the rapid consumption of brake pads and tires caused by friction in traditional braking. Eliminate braking noise, avoid environmental pollution, greatly improve the driving safety, comfort and economy of the vehicle, reduce driver fatigue, improve work efficiency, reduce sudden braking, and make driving smoother.

The existing eddy current retarder structure basically adopts air-cooled structure, which is difficult to dissipate heat and cause serious thermal degradation. The axial size of the existing electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder is too large. When the axial installation size is required, the smaller axial size becomes the bottleneck restricting the performance of the electromagnetic retarder, which greatly reduces the braking performance of the electromagnetic retarder. moment. For the electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder with double stators and double coils, the performance parameters are closely related to the radial dimension, which can effectively reduce the axial dimension and make efficient use of the overall space of the retarder, so that the electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder can operate in the same The volume has a higher braking torque. Compared with the eddy current dynamometer, the design of the double coil set in the center of the double stator double coil electromagnetic liquid cooling retarder makes the stator eddy current generation part move outward as a whole, and the effective tooth length is generally increased, thus greatly The overall braking torque of the retarder is improved, so that the limited space structure of the retarder can be more fully utilized. At the same time, the double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder has a simple structure, easy installation and replacement, and greater flexibility.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to break through the shortcomings of the existing retarder structure, develop a special retarder, innovatively adopt the structural design of double stators and double coil groups, provide a small axial size, simple structure, easy installation, The thermal recession is small, and the double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder has a small volume under the same performance.

The scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:

A double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder, characterized in that: the retarder includes a stator part, a rotor, an excitation coil group and a control system; the stator part includes a left stator, a right stator, and a middle Connector; the excitation coil group includes a left coil and a right coil; the left coil and the right coil are located in the middle of the stator, and the inner and outer circles of the rotor are distributed with tooth-shaped slot structures; the intermediate connector is a non-magnetic material , the left stator and the right stator, and the rotor are made of magnetically permeable materials; the left stator and the right stator are respectively bolted to the vehicle frame or to the stationary parts, and are in a static state. Keep the gap between the left stator and the right stator and the rotor at 0.5 mm to 1 mm; the transmission shaft matches the splines on the rotor through splines to transmit power and drive the rotor to rotate; On the side stator, the coil is relatively stationary with respect to the stator, and a lead wire is opened at the solid part of the stator without a water channel, which is connected with the control system outside the retarder; the control system is connected with the excitation coil group through a wire to control the power on and off , the control system can also change the magnitude of the current of the excitation coil group; when the control system feeds direct current in the same direction to the excitation coil groups on both sides, a magnetic field is generated, and the left stator, the tooth-shaped part of the right stator and the rotor, and the relationship between the stator part and the rotor The left and right air gaps between them form a closed magnetic circuit.

The rotor part is connected with the transmission shaft, rotates synchronously, and forms a magnetic circuit at the same time. The rotor disc structure cuts the magnetic induction line through the tooth structure of the upper and lower parts of the coil, so that the corresponding stator surface generates an alternating magnetic field.

The stator part is installed on the frame of the transmission part of the vehicle, and is used to install coils, form a magnetic circuit, generate eddy currents, induce magnetic fields, and generate braking torque through the interaction between the induced magnetic field and the original magnetic field, and at the same time serve as integrated heat dissipation waterway. The stators on both sides are connected by bolts through the intermediate connecting piece, and the relative gap between the stators on both sides and the intermediate rotor is controlled.

The two sets of excitation coils are wound together, respectively fixed on the stators on both sides and drawn out through the lead holes on the stators, and connected to the control module. When working, the same direction current is passed through to generate a magnetic field, forming a closed magnetic field on the stator and the rotor. road.

The control module is connected with the coil through wires to control power on and off, and the control module can change the magnitude of the coil current to achieve the purpose of controlling the braking torque.

The stator and the middle rotor on both sides of the retarder use magnetically conductive materials; the connecting parts in the middle of the stator use non-magnetically conductive materials to optimize the magnetic circuit and reduce magnetic flux leakage. The air gap on both sides between the stator and the rotor is maintained at 0.5 mm to 1 mm. After the coil group is energized, a magnetic field is formed, and a closed magnetic circuit is formed on both sides of the stator, rotor and the middle air gap.

The present invention adopts the design of the two-side stator and the double-coil group to balance the axial attraction force between the one-side stator and the rotor. At the same time, the outer circles of the stators on both sides are connected by connectors to keep the axial distance between the stators on both sides.

The design of the water channel can conduct the heat generated by the eddy current on the stator to the liquid in time, and take the heat out of the retarder through convective heat transfer, suppress the thermal decline of the electromagnetic retarder, and maintain the excellent and efficient braking performance of the retarder for a long time . Integrating the waterway and the stator together reduces the overall weight, directly contacts the heat source, and has a significant cooling effect.

The working principle of the double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder of the present invention is as follows:

When working, the two groups of coils are energized in the same direction through the control module. Since the coils are concentrated and directly wound on the stator, a ring magnetic circuit will be formed, and the magnetic circuit is a whole. The magnetic field lines will separate on the stator and reach the rotor through the air gap; as the rotor rotates, the stators on both sides of the rotor will cut the magnetic field lines, and eddy currents will be generated on the stator. The eddy currents will excite the induced magnetic field and interact with the original magnetic field to generate braking. Torque, the braking torque acts on the vehicle transmission shaft through the rotor connection part, that is, it plays the role of non-contact braking. The eddy current on the surface of the stator is converted into heat energy, and heat conduction occurs on the stator. When passing through the water channel, the heat is transferred to the liquid on the liquid-solid contact surface, and then the heat is taken out of the retarder through liquid convection. The magnetic field on the rotor basically does not change, and no eddy current is generated, that is, the rotor does not heat up. The control module can change the magnitude of the current in the coil, which can realize continuous regulation. If the retarder does not need braking, the control module stops supplying power to the coil, at this time no magnetic field is generated, and no braking torque is generated in principle.

Compared with the existing electromagnetic retarder, the present invention has the following advantages.

As an auxiliary braking device for automobiles, the invention innovatively adopts a disc rotor, a double stator and double coil structure, a coil design in the middle, and a rationally integrated structure of the stator and the water channel, which effectively reduces the axial size of the electromagnetic retarder , optimized the heat dissipation system, suppressed the phenomenon of thermal decay of the electromagnetic retarder, and greatly improved the overall braking torque.

The design of the disc rotor and double stator structure reduces the axial size, so that the retarder can be installed in a smaller axial space. The coil top position in the eddy current dynamometer is optimized to two sets of coils in the middle design, making full use of the radial size of the stator, under the same volume and ensuring a stable magnetic circuit, the eddy current generating part is moved outward as a whole, increasing the control capacity. Power arm, which improves the braking effect. Proceeding from the basic heat generation principle of the retarder, the reasonable design of the liquid cooling system not only reduces the overall mass of the retarder, but also dissipates heat for the retarder to the greatest extent. The optimized overall structure design reduces the magnetic loss, reduces the overall weight, and maximizes the braking torque. These advantages make the innovative invention of double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder occupy a place in the retarder.

Compared with the existing most similar product (eddy current dynamometer) in structure, the advantages of the present invention are as follows.

The invention divides the coil located at the outermost circle in the eddy current dynamometer into two groups of coils and moves them down to the middle part of the stator. This double-coil centered structure increases the size of the inner and outer circles of the rotor where the tooth-shaped groove structure is distributed, which is equivalent to increasing the radius of action of the eddy current braking torque, and finally greatly improves the braking performance. Torque, improved braking effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and distribution of two inner and outer rings of the rotor of a double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder according to the present invention.

In Figure 1: 1 control system, 2 right stator, 3 stator connector, 4 left stator, 5 right coil, 6 left coil, 7 magnetic circuit, 8 rotor, 9 right retaining ring, 10 left retainer circle, 11 propeller shafts.

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the rotor.

Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a stator on one side.

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the schematic diagram of the principle of the double-stator double-coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder, the retarder includes a stator part, a rotor part, an excitation coil group, and a control system 1 . The stator part includes a left stator and a right stator, and an intermediate connector; the excitation coil set includes a left coil 6 and a right coil 5 . The inner and outer circles of the disc rotor are partly dug with tooth-shaped grooves, and when the rotor rotates, an alternating magnetic field is generated on the stator. Its structure is shown in Figure 2. The connector 3 is made of non-magnetic material, and the left stator 4, right stator 2, and rotor 8 are processed from magnetic materials.

The left stator and the right stator are respectively bolted to the vehicle frame or the stationary parts, and are in a static state. At the same time, bolts are used to connect with 3 connectors to ensure that the gap between the stator part and the rotor part is 0.5 mm to 1 mm. As shown in Figure 1. The transmission shaft 11 matches the splines on the rotor 8 through splines, transmits power, and drives the rotors to rotate. The problem of axial movement of the rotor is solved by means of shaft retaining rings, shaft shoulders, sleeves, etc. The excitation coils are wound together and fixed on the stators on both sides respectively. The coils are stationary relative to the stators. A hole is opened at the solid part of the stator without a water channel to lead out the wires to connect with the control system 1 outside the retarder. When the retarder works, the control system 1 feeds the same direction direct current to the excitation coil group to generate a magnetic field, and the left stator, the right stator, the intermediate rotor 8 and the gap between the stator and the rotor form a closed magnetic circuit 7 . The air gap magnetic density between the left stator and the right stator and the rotor 8 changes periodically. When the transmission shaft 11 rotates, the rotor 8 is driven to rotate, and the magnetic field between the left stator and the right stator near the rotor 8 will generate periodic eddy current, which is equivalent to a energized coil, generates an induced magnetic field, interacts with the original magnetic field, generates a braking torque, hinders the rotation of the transmission shaft, absorbs harmful energy, and converts this part of energy into heat energy , is consumed by the retarder through heat conduction, convective heat transfer, and heat radiation. When the retarder is not required to work, the control system cuts off the power supply to the excitation coil group, and the retarder does not work, basically consuming no energy.

Claims (1)

1. a bimorph transducer dual coil electromagnetic liquid-cooled retarder, it is characterised in that: this retarder includes Stationary part, rotor, magnet exciting coil group and control system；Described stationary part includes left side stator (4), right side stator (2), and intermediate connector (3)；Described magnet exciting coil group includes left side line Circle, right side coil；Left side coil, right side coil are positioned in the middle of stator, in described rotor (8) Outer two circle distribution serrate slot structures；Wherein intermediate connector is non-magnet_conductible material, left side stator and right side Stator, rotor are that permeability magnetic material processes；Left side stator is connected to car with right side stator bolt respectively In frame or on stationary parts, remain static, use bolt to be connected with connector, guarantor simultaneously Holding left side stator, right side stator is 0.5 millimeter to 1 millimeter with rotor clearance；Power transmission shaft passes through spline Matching with the spline on rotor, transmit power, rotor driven rotates；Magnet exciting coil group concentrates coiling, And be separately fixed on the stator of both sides, coil relative stator is static, at stator without opening at the entity of water channel Wire is drawn in hole, is connected with the control system outside retarder；Described control system passes through wire and institute Stating magnet exciting coil group to be connected, control power on/off, control system also is able to change magnet exciting coil group electric current Size；Control system to both sides magnet exciting coil group be passed through in the same direction unidirectional current time, produce magnetic field, left side Left side between stator, right side stator and the parts of tooth of rotor and stationary part and rotor and right side Air gap composition closed magnetic circuit.