CN105727834A - A vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine, which can compress pulverized biomass materials into pellet pellet fuel. The two ends of the ring die are respectively connected with the outer tooth turntable bearing and the toothless turntable bearing, and the outer tooth turntable bearing is driven to drive the ring die to rotate, bringing the biomass material fed by the distributor into the wedge-shaped compression area; two sets of turntables The bearings can bear radial load and axial load. The inner ring of the turntable bearing is connected with the frame to form a support form at both ends; sliding bearings are installed at both ends of the pressure roller shaft. Adjust the deflection angle of the pressure roller assembly, position and lock the pressure roller assembly on both sides outside the forming cavity, and the pellet fuel after compression molding is cut off and brought to the discharge port by the receiving plate. The beneficial effect of the invention is that the structure of the whole machine is compact, and the operation is stable during operation, and the sliding bearings matched with the two shaft ends of the pressure roller work outside the molding cavity, prolonging the service life.

Description

A vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine

technical field

The invention relates to a biomass pellet molding machine, in particular to a vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine.

Background technique

Biomass pellet fuel is made of wood chips, crop straw, etc. through mechanical pressing, and is a high-quality clean energy. Biomass molding equipment mainly includes die-roll type, screw extrusion type, plunger type, etc. Among them, the mold roll type has the advantages of high molding rate and continuous production, and is widely used. Die roll type can be divided into two categories: flat mode and ring mode. Flat mode and vertical feeding, the material can easily enter the compression area under the action of gravity, but the mold and pressure roller are prone to uneven wear, and after a period of work, the gap between the mold and roller is poor. In the ring mode, the gap between the mold rolls can be adjusted conveniently. Most of the pressure rolls are eccentric shaft type. The bearing between the pressure roll shell and the pressure roll shaft is easily polluted by dust particles, and because the pressure roll bearing is in the material forming cavity, its structural size is limited. , When the extrusion force is too large, the strength of the roller shaft is insufficient, the life of the bearing is very short, and the repair and maintenance time of the equipment is too long.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a granular fuel molding machine in which the ring mold rotates around the vertical axis and the biomass is fed vertically. The whole machine has a compact structure, the effective material compression chamber is enlarged, and the operation is stable . The pressure roller can withstand a large extrusion force, and the sliding bearings on the two shaft ends of the pressure roller work outside the forming cavity, prolonging the service life, reducing manufacturing and maintenance costs, and effectively improving the compression efficiency; at the same time, the gap between the mold rollers is easy to adjust and the precision is high .

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: including the feed inlet, the upper cover plate of the forming cavity, the lower cover plate of the forming cavity, the ring die, the pressing roller assembly, and the discharge hopper, and the feature is that the forming cavity is composed of the inner surface of the ring die and the forming cavity The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity are closed. At least one set of pressure roller components is installed vertically in the forming cavity. The working outer surface of the pressure roller and the inner surface of the ring mold form a wedge-shaped compression area. The mounting holes of the cover plate and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity are matched in an eccentric structure; the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats are fixedly connected through the connecting plate;

A distributor with multiple material outlets is arranged on the upper part of the feed inlet. Each material outlet of the distributor is connected to each feed inlet on the upper cover plate of the molding cavity. The upper end of the material compression area; the two ends of the ring die are respectively connected to the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity through the outer ring toothed bearing and the support bearing, and the three are assembled on the same axis and rotate around the vertical shaft; The outer ring gear that meshes with the tooth profile of the prime drive.

The eccentric structure of the assembly of the above-mentioned pressure roller shaft group and the mounting holes of the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity: there is an eccentric distance between the inner hole of the pressure roller shaft seat and the outer cylindrical surface; the positioning components are adjusted by the gap between the pressure roller components Connected, the connection method is: two connection holes are set on each pressure roller shaft seat, and the gap adjustment and positioning assembly is connected between the two adjacent connection holes on each adjacent pressure roller shaft seat, and the gap adjustment positioning assembly is located on the opposite group of pressure rollers. The gap adjustment and positioning assembly is connected between the two connecting holes on the shaft seat; the gap adjustment and positioning assembly is provided with a forward screw adjusting screw with a connecting hole and a reverse screw adjusting screw with a connecting hole, and the forward screw adjusting screw and the reverse screw The mounting holes on the adjusting screw are respectively connected with the connecting holes on the two pressure roller shaft seats through pins, and the opposite ends of the forward screw adjusting screw and the reverse screw adjusting screw are connected with two-way thread adjusting nuts.

The positive effect of the invention is that the structure of the whole machine is compact, the effective material compression chamber is increased, and the operation is stable during operation. The pressure roller can withstand a large extrusion force, and the sliding bearings matched with the two shaft ends of the pressure roller work outside the forming cavity, which prolongs the service life and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs. The material is directly fed to the extrusion area of the die roller through the distributor, which effectively improves the compression efficiency. The ring die drives the material receiving plate and plays the role of material delivery at the same time, making it more convenient for the molding fuel to be discharged from the product bin; at the same time, the gap between the mold rolls is easy to adjust and the precision is high.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further described in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the assembly structure of a vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine in partial section.

The serial numbers of parts in the figure: Distributor 1, discharge hopper 2, lower frame 3, ring die 4, upper frame 5, pressure roller assembly 6, feeding port 7, upper cover plate of forming cavity 8, outer ring with teeth The bearing 10, the lower cover plate 11 of the molding cavity, and the receiving plate 12.

Fig. 2 is an axonometric half-sectional view of the material compression chamber.

Part numbers in the figure: lower frame 3, ring die 4, pressure roller assembly 6, feed port 7, upper cover plate 8 of the forming cavity, peripheral plate 9, upper support bearing 13, outer ring toothed bearing 10, forming cavity Lower cover plate 11.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rotating part and the discharging part of the ring die.

Parts serial numbers in the figure: discharge hopper 2, ring die 4, upper support bearing 13, outer ring toothed bearing 10, material receiving plate 12, cutting knife 14.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressing roller assembly.

Parts serial number among the figure: pressure roller shaft 6-1, pressure roller shaft seat 6-2, sealing cover 6-3, sliding bearing 6-4, pressure roller shaft seat connecting plate 6-5.

Fig. 5 is an end view of the pressure roller shaft seat 6-2 shown in Fig. 4 (with the sealing cover removed).

Figure 6 is a connection and positioning diagram of the pressing roller assembly.

Part numbers in the figure: 6 pressure roller assembly, 15 gap adjustment positioning assembly.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the gap adjustment and positioning assembly.

Parts serial number among the figure: forward screw adjusting screw 15-1, adjusting nut 15-2, reverse screw adjusting screw 15-3.

detailed description

See Fig. 1, 2, concrete structure is as follows: the present invention is provided with upper frame 5 and lower frame 3, fixes and assembles forming mold upper cover plate 8, forming mold lower cover plate 11 respectively at the upper and lower ends of upper frame 5; A compression cavity is arranged between the upper cover plate 8 of the forming die and the lower cover plate 11 of the forming die. A closed cavity formed by coaxial parts such as plate 11. The inner ring of the upper support bearing 13 and the upper cover plate 8 of the molding cavity are fastened and connected by bolts, and the outer ring of the upper support bearing 13 is also connected with the upper end surface of the ring die 4 by bolts; The ring gear end face of the ring toothed bearing 10 is connected, and the inner ring of the outer ring toothed bearing 10 is connected with the lower cover plate 11 of the molding cavity. The inner rings of the upper and lower sets of bearings are connected with the upper cover plate 8 of the molding die and the lower cover plate 11 of the molding cavity to determine the center line of the vertical shaft of the double-end support, so that the ring gear of the outer ring toothed bearing 10 is connected with the ring die 4 and The rotating assembly composed of the outer ring of the upper support bearing 13 can rotate around the vertical axis; the outer ring toothed bearing 10 is provided with an outer ring gear meshing with the original power transmission tooth profile. There are multiple rows of die holes radially arranged on the circumferential surface of the ring die 4 (as shown in FIG. 3 ). The receiving plate 12 is fixed at the outer lower end of the ring die 4, and rotates together with the ring die 4, and a fixed peripheral plate 9 is set on the periphery of the receiving plate 12; a fixed cutting knife 14 and a hopper 2 are set outside the ring die 4 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, there are four pressure roller assembly mounting holes uniformly distributed along the circumference on the upper cover plate 8 of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate 11 of the molding cavity. The mounting holes on the upper cover plate 8 of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate 11 of the molding cavity are assembled together, so the pressure roller shaft 6-1 of the pressure roller assembly 6 is also a double-end support structure; the pressure roller shaft 6-1 of the pressure roller assembly 6 It is a straight shaft with concentric shaft ends, and its extrusion shaft section and the inner surface of the ring die form a wedge-shaped material extrusion space.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, sliding bearings 6-4 are installed at the two shaft ends of the pressing roller 6-1 in the pressing roller assembly 6, and the upper and lower sliding bearings 6-4 are respectively installed on the pressing roller shaft seats 6-2 at both ends. In the inner hole of the pressure roller 6-1, the two ends of the pressure roller 6-1 are assembled on the upper cover plate 8 of the molding cavity and the lower plate 11 of the molding cavity through the upper and lower sliding bearings 6-4 and the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats 6-2 ; The outer end of the pressure roller shaft seat 6-2 is assembled with a sealing cover 6-3.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the mounting holes of the pressure roller shaft group and the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity are in an eccentric structure: there is an eccentric distance e between the inner hole of the pressure roller shaft seat 6-2 and the outer cylindrical surface. The roller shaft seats 6-2 are connected through the gap adjustment and positioning assembly 15. The connection method is: two connecting holes B are arranged on each pressure roller shaft seat 6-2, and are located on two adjacent roller shaft seats. The gap adjustment and positioning assembly 15 is connected between the two connecting holes B, and the gap adjustment and positioning assembly 15 is connected between the two connecting holes B on the opposite set of pressure roller shaft seats, forming a triangular structure composed of three sets of gap adjustment and positioning components. (shown in Figure 6).

As shown in Figure 7, the structure adopted by the gap adjustment and positioning assembly 15 is to set the forward screw adjustment screw 15-1 with the installation hole B-1 and the reverse screw adjustment screw 15-3 with the installation hole B-1, and the forward screw adjustment screw 15-3. The mounting hole B-1 on the adjustment screw 15-1 and the reverse screw adjustment screw 15-3 is respectively connected to the connection hole B on the two pressure roller shaft seats through a pin, and the forward screw adjustment screw 15-1 and the reverse screw The opposite end of the adjustment screw 15-3 is connected with a two-way thread adjustment nut 15-2. When the adjustment nut 15-2 is rotated, the forward screw adjustment screw 15-1 and the reverse adjustment screw 15-3 are screwed in or out at the same time, so that the axial length of the gap adjustment positioning assembly 15 changes, thereby pushing the pressure roller shaft Seat 6-2 rotates, realizes the adjustment of the gap between ring die 4 and pressure roller 6-1.

The size of the gap between the die rollers can be adjusted individually for each set of pressing roller assemblies 6 , and can also be adjusted simultaneously for four sets of pressing roller assemblies 6 . When adjusting separately, remove the gap adjustment and positioning assembly 15 shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7, and turn the eccentric pressure roller shaft seat 6-2 installed on the upper cover in Figure 1, then the pressure roller shaft seat connecting plate 6 -5 is connected with the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats 6-2, and the lower pressure roller shaft seats will also rotate synchronously, thereby driving the gap between the pressure roller shaft seats relative to the ring die to change. After each set of pressure roller assemblies are adjusted to the preset After the gap, adjust the axial length of the locking assembly 15 to the distance between the matching holes of the pressure roller assembly, connect the two adjacent pressure roller assemblies through the gap adjustment and positioning assembly, and at the same time pass one of the separated pressure roller assemblies through the gap Adjust the connection of positioning components to form a triangular fixed structure with reliable structure. The eccentric thrust of the pressure roller is opposite force, which weakens the force on the upper cover plate 8 of the molding cavity and the lower plate 11 of the molding cavity, so that the plate will not be too large. Deformation improves the position accuracy between the mounting parts; after the pressure roller assembly is positioned, the gap between the ring die and the pressure roller remains unchanged.

During linkage adjustment, connect the pressure roller assemblies 15 in pairs through the positioning and locking components as shown in Figure 6, and turn the adjusting nut 15-2, then the length change of the positioning and locking components 15 will push the pressure rollers to rotate, realizing multiple sets Simultaneous adjustment of die roller gap. As shown in Figure 6, one group of spaced pressure roller assemblies is connected through the gap adjustment and positioning assembly to form a triangular fixed structure. After the pressure roller assembly is positioned, the gap between the ring die and the pressure roller remains unchanged.

As shown in Figure 5, connecting convex plates are provided on the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats 6-2, and connecting holes A are arranged on the connecting convex plates, and the two ends of the upper and lower pressing roller shaft seat connecting plates 6-5 are connected by connecting screws. , The connecting hole A of the lower two pressure roller shaft seats 6-2, when one end of the pressure roller shaft seat is rotated, the upper and lower two sets of shaft seats can be rotated synchronously to ensure that the gap size between the pressure roller and the ring die is uniform.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, multiple feed ports 7 are provided on the upper cover plate 8 of the molding die, and a feeder 1 with multiple material outlets is provided on the upper part of the feed port 7, and each material outlet of the feeder 1 can be inserted Each feeding port 7 on the upper cover plate of the molding cavity is located at the upper end of the wedge-shaped material compression area formed by the pressure roller and the ring die; thus, the material is fed into the compression cavity from multiple places.

Working principle: Loose biomass materials (wood chips, straw powder, etc.) flow naturally under the action of gravity or are driven by the feeder, and are discharged from each individual outlet at the lower end of the distributor 1, so that the materials are discharged from multiple places. Feed into the compression chamber. After the bulk material is driven into the wedge-shaped material compression cavity by the rotating pressure roller assembly, the bulk density increases rapidly, and the material in the wedge-shaped area passes through the die hole opened on the ring die 4 through the extrusion force between the ring die pressure rollers and is solidified. Knot as pellet fuel. The formed granular fuel rotates with the ring die and is continuously squeezed and moved outward by the subsequent incoming materials. When it contacts and collides with the cutting knife 13, it breaks and falls on the material receiving plate 12. After being guided by the lower end of the cutting knife 14 Enter the discharge hopper 2 and discharge.

Claims (2)

1. A vertical biomass particle fuel forming machine, comprising a feed inlet, an upper cover plate of a forming cavity, a lower cover plate of a forming cavity, a ring die, a pressing roller assembly, and a discharge hopper, and it is characterized in that: the forming cavity is formed by the ring die The surface and the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity are closed. At least one set of pressure roller components is installed vertically in the molding cavity. The outer surface of the pressure roller and the inner surface of the ring mold form a wedge-shaped compression area. Cooperate with the mounting holes of the upper cover plate of the forming cavity and the lower cover plate of the forming cavity to form an eccentric structure; the two ends of the connecting plate of the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats are connected to the upper and lower pressure roller shaft seats by connecting screws; A distributor with multiple material outlets is arranged on the upper part of the feed inlet. Each material outlet of the distributor is connected to each feed inlet on the upper cover plate of the molding cavity. The upper end of the material compression area; the two ends of the ring die are respectively connected to the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity through the outer ring toothed bearing and the support bearing, and the three are assembled on the same axis and rotate around the vertical shaft; The outer ring gear that meshes with the tooth profile of the prime drive. 2. The vertical biomass pellet fuel molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the eccentric structure of the pressing roller shaft group assembled with the mounting holes of the upper cover plate of the molding cavity and the lower cover plate of the molding cavity: the pressing roller shaft There is an eccentric distance between the inner hole of the seat and the outer cylindrical surface; each roller assembly is connected through a gap adjustment and positioning assembly. A gap adjustment and positioning assembly is connected between two adjacent connection holes, and a gap adjustment and positioning assembly is connected between two connection holes on the opposite set of pressure roller shaft seats; the gap adjustment and positioning assembly is provided with a positive screw adjustment with connection holes The screw and the reverse screw adjusting screw with connecting holes, the mounting holes on the forward screw adjusting screw and the reverse screw adjusting screw are respectively connected with the connecting holes on the two pressure roller shaft seats through pins, the forward screw adjusting screw and the reverse screw adjusting Attach a double-threaded adjustment nut to the opposite end of the helical adjustment screw.