CN105662773A - Lower limb fixing mechanism for knee joint replacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, which is used for fixing and adjusting the position of lower limbs in knee joint replacement, and belongs to the field of orthopedic medical devices. The mechanism includes an electric cylinder assembly, a thigh adjustment rod, a lower leg adjustment rod and an "I"-shaped slide rail. The lower end of the electric cylinder assembly is mobile connected with the "I"-shaped slide rail through the electric cylinder slide seat, and the upper end is fixedly connected with the thigh adjustment rod. The thigh adjustment rod and the calf adjustment rod are respectively connected to the "Worker" The font slide rail is moved and connected, and the thigh adjustment lever is rotationally connected with the calf adjustment lever through a pin shaft. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient use, light weight, etc., can ensure reliable fixation of lower limbs during operation, facilitate position adjustment, improve repeat positioning accuracy, reduce doctor's workload, and improve operation quality.

Description

A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement

technical field

The invention relates to a lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, belonging to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices.

Background technique

Because knee joint disease will greatly affect the patient's ability to move freely, for patients with severe joint disease, it is difficult to guarantee the curative effect only by drugs and physical therapy. pain.

In knee replacement surgery, an assistant is usually required to hold the femur and tibia. If the lower limbs cannot be kept stable during the operation, the surgical effect may be affected. In addition, the assistant occupies the space on the operating table, affecting the operation. The existing leg immobilization devices used for knee replacement are bulky and heavy, and even the lower limbs are not fixed during the operation, and cannot meet the needs of different patients with different leg lengths. At present, there is a clinical need for an effective mechanism for fixing and adjusting the position of the lower limbs in knee arthroplasty.

Contents of the invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, which can manually adjust the length of the thigh and calf adjustment rod and the angle of the ankle joint according to the length of the patient's lower limbs. The degree of flexion of the lower extremities needs to be adjusted. The invention is reliable in fixing, can guarantee the operation quality, and can reduce the number of auxiliary personnel in the operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problem is:

A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, comprising an electric cylinder assembly, a thigh adjustment rod, a calf adjustment rod and an "I"-shaped slide rail, the lower end of the electric cylinder assembly and the "I"-shaped slide rail pass through an electric The cylinder sliding seat is mobile connected, and the upper end is fixedly connected with the thigh adjusting rod; the lower end of the thigh adjusting rod and the lower end of the calf adjusting rod respectively form a mobile connection through the thigh sliding seat, the calf sliding seat and the "I"-shaped slide rail; the electric cylinder sliding seat, the thigh The position of the sliding seat, the calf sliding seat and the "I"-shaped slide rail is fixed by the first tightening bolt; the upper end of the thigh adjusting rod is rotationally connected with the upper end of the lower leg adjusting rod through a pin shaft.

The electric cylinder assembly includes an electric cylinder slide seat, a first connecting piece, an electric cylinder body, an electric cylinder push rod and a second connecting piece; the lower end of the electric cylinder body is fixedly connected to the first connecting piece by bolts, and the second A connecting piece is rotatably connected to the electric cylinder slide seat through a first pin shaft; the electric cylinder push rod is rotatably connected to a second connecting piece through a second pin shaft, and the second connecting piece is fixedly connected to the thigh adjustment rod through a tightening bolt.

The thigh adjustment rod includes a thigh slide seat, the bottom of the thigh adjustment rod, a thigh bracket, a thigh support support frame, a rolling bearing, a first bearing end cover, a threaded rod at the thigh and an upper part of the thigh adjustment rod; the lower end of the threaded rod at the thigh passes through The rolling bearing is rotationally connected with the bottom of the thigh adjusting rod. There is a shaft hole at the connection between the bottom of the thigh adjusting rod and the threaded rod at the thigh, which is used to install the rolling bearing. The first bearing end cover is installed outside the rolling bearing, and the upper end of the threaded rod at the thigh passes through the thread and the thigh adjusting rod The upper part is connected, the threaded rod at the thigh is designed with a handle, rotate the handle to a suitable length, tighten the second jacking bolt to realize the adjustment of the length of the thigh adjustment rod, the lower end of the bottom of the thigh adjustment rod is connected with the thigh sliding seat through a pin shaft, so that The thigh bracket is fixed on the bottom of the thigh adjustment bar through the thigh support bracket.

The calf adjustment rod includes the upper part of the calf adjustment rod, the calf bracket, the calf support support frame, the second bearing end cover, the threaded rod at the calf, the foot boot, the foot boot support frame, the bottom of the calf adjustment rod and the calf sliding seat; The upper end of the upper part of the calf adjustment rod is rotationally connected with the upper part of the thigh adjustment rod through a pin shaft, the lower end of the upper part of the calf adjustment rod is connected with the threaded rod at the calf through a rolling bearing, and the lower end of the threaded rod at the calf is connected with the bottom of the calf adjustment rod through threads; the calf support There is a key connection between the support frame and the calf support frame, and the connection between the calf support support frame and the upper part of the calf adjustment rod is fixedly connected by tightening bolts; The bottom of the rod and the calf sliding seat are connected by pin shaft rotation; there is an angle adjustment mechanism at the foot boot, the bottom of the boot is fixedly connected to the shaft through a connecting piece, the upper part of the connecting piece is connected to the foot boot with screws, and the shape of the lower part of the connecting piece is U-shaped cylinder with holes, the hole in the lower part of the connector is connected to the shaft by a key; one end of the shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the boot support frame through a tightening bolt, and the other side of the boot support frame is used to locate the shaft shoulder. The protruding part of the shaft is stuck in the U-shaped groove on this side, the lower surface of the U-shaped cylinder of the connecting piece is in contact with the boot support frame, and a knob is installed at the end of the shaft to adjust the angle of the boot when the tightening bolt is loosened. The threaded rod at the calf is similar in structure and working principle to the threaded rod at the thigh.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious advantages:

1. The lower limb fixation and position adjustment mechanism for knee joint replacement described in the present invention uses an electric cylinder to adjust the bending degree of the lower limbs, thereby changing the angle of the knee joint, which is easy to operate and can significantly improve the repeat positioning accuracy;

2. The mechanism of the present invention adopts threaded rods to adjust the length of calf and thigh adjustment rods. There are handles on the threaded rods, which are easy to operate and realize length adjustment, so as to meet the needs of different patients;

3. The mechanism of the present invention is designed with an ankle joint angle adjustment mechanism at the foot boot, which can meet the needs of different patients for different ankle joint angles to a greater extent;

4. The design of the mechanism of the present invention fully considers the requirements of doctors in clinical application. The angle range that the knee joint can be extended is 60° to 180°, so as to realize the extension of the lower limbs and meet the needs of different operations during the operation;

5. The mechanism of the present invention has simple structure, convenient operation, light weight, reliable fixation, and can effectively improve the quality of surgery.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lower limb immobilization mechanism used in knee arthroplasty.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lower limb fixation mechanism used for knee joint replacement at a limit position of 180° of the knee joint.

Figure 3 is an exploded view of the threaded rod at the thigh and the bottom assembly of the thigh adjustment rod.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, including electric cylinder assembly I, thigh adjustment rod II, calf adjustment rod III and "I"-shaped slide rail IV, is characterized in that : The lower end of the electric cylinder assembly I is connected to the "I"-shaped slide rail IV through the electric cylinder slide 1, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the thigh adjustment rod II; the lower end of the thigh adjustment rod II and the lower end of the calf adjustment rod III are respectively passed through the thigh slide Seat 9, calf slide seat 29 and "I"-shaped slide rail IV form a mobile connection; electric cylinder slide seat 1, thigh slide seat 9, calf slide seat 29 and "I"-shaped slide rail 30 pass through the first top Tighten the bolt 2 to fix the position; the upper end of the thigh adjusting rod II is rotationally connected with the upper end of the calf adjusting rod III through a pin shaft.

The electric cylinder assembly I includes an electric cylinder slide 1, a first connector 4, an electric cylinder body 5, an electric cylinder push rod 6 and a second connector 8; the lower end of the electric cylinder body 5 is connected to the first The parts 4 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the first connecting part 4 is connected with the electric cylinder slider 1 through the first pin shaft 3; the electric cylinder push rod 6 is connected with the second connecting part 8 through the second pin shaft 7. The second connecting piece 8 is fixedly connected with the thigh adjustment rod II through the tightening bolt.

The thigh adjustment rod II includes a thigh slide seat 9, a thigh adjustment rod bottom 10, a thigh bracket 11, a thigh support support frame 12, a rolling bearing 13, a first bearing end cover 14, a threaded rod 15 at the thigh and an upper part 17 of the thigh adjustment rod The lower end of the threaded rod 15 at the thigh is rotationally connected with the bottom 10 of the thigh adjusting rod through a rolling bearing 13, as shown in Figure 3, there is a shaft hole at the bottom 10 of the thigh adjusting rod and the threaded rod 15 at the thigh, which is used to install the rolling bearing 13, A first bearing end cover 14 is installed outside the rolling bearing 13, and the upper end of the threaded rod 15 at the thigh is connected with the upper part 17 of the thigh adjustment rod through threads. The threaded rod 15 at the thigh is designed with a handle, and the handle is rotated to a suitable length, and the second jacking bolt 16 is tightened To realize the adjustment of the length of the thigh adjustment rod II, the lower end of the bottom 10 of the thigh adjustment rod is rotatably connected with the thigh slide 9 through a pin shaft, and the thigh bracket 11 is fixed on the bottom 10 of the thigh adjustment rod 12 through the thigh support bracket 12 .

The calf adjustment rod III includes the upper part of the calf adjustment rod 18, the calf bracket 19, the calf support support frame 20, the second bearing end cover 21, the threaded rod 22 at the calf, the foot boot 24, the foot boot support frame 27, and the calf adjustment rod Bottom 28 and calf sliding seat 29; the upper end of described calf adjusting rod top 18 is rotationally connected with thigh adjusting rod upper part 17 through pin shaft, and the lower end of calf adjusting rod upper part 18 is connected with threaded rod 22 at calf place through rolling bearing, and threaded rod at calf place The lower end of 22 is threadedly connected to the bottom 28 of the calf adjustment rod; between the described calf bracket 19 and the calf support support frame 20, it is a key connection, and between the calf support support frame 20 and the calf adjustment rod top 18, it is fixedly connected by a tightening bolt; The bottom 28 of the calf adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the boot support frame 27 by tightening bolts, and the bottom 28 of the calf adjustment rod is connected to the calf sliding seat 29 through a pin rotation; The bottom is fixedly connected with the shaft 25 through the connector, and the upper part of the connector is connected with the foot boot 24 with screws. One end is fixedly connected with one side of the boot support frame 27 by tightening bolts, the other side of the boot support frame 27 is used to locate the shoulder of the shaft 25, and the protruding part of the shaft 25 is stuck in the U-shaped groove on this side , the lower surface of the U-shaped cylinder of the connector is in contact with the boot support frame 27, and a knob 26 is installed at the end of the shaft 25 to adjust the angle of the boot 24 when the jacking bolt is loosened. The threaded rod 22 at the calf and the threaded rod at the thigh 15 structure and working principle are similar.

The use process of the present invention is as follows:

The distance between the electric cylinder sliding seat 1 and the thigh adjustment rod sliding seat 9 can be determined by calculating the required angle range, and the jacking bolts are tightened after the two positions are properly adjusted during use. Measure the length of the patient's thigh and calf, rotate the threaded rod 15 at the thigh and the threaded rod 22 at the calf to adjust to a suitable length, then tighten the second tightening bolt 16 and the third tightening bolt 23 respectively. The patient's lower limbs are fixed by the thigh bracket 11, the calf bracket 19 and the foot boot 24, and the length of the thigh adjustment rod and the calf adjustment rod can be further fine-tuned as required, and the angle of the ankle joint can also be adjusted as required. The initial position of the axis of the electric cylinder should have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, so that the thigh adjustment rod can smoothly leave the horizontal position. Change the hip joint angle by adjusting the telescopic length of the electric cylinder push rod 6, and then change the knee joint angle. After adjusting the knee joint angle to be the best operation position, tighten the jacking bolts on the calf slide 29 sides.

Claims (4)

1. A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement, including electric cylinder assembly (I), thigh adjustment rod (II), calf adjustment rod (III) and "I"-shaped slide rail (IV), its features It is: the lower end of the electric cylinder assembly (I) is connected with the "I"-shaped slide rail (IV) through the electric cylinder slide (1), and the upper end is fixedly connected with the thigh adjustment rod (II); the thigh adjustment rod (II) The lower end and the lower end of the calf adjustment rod (Ⅲ) respectively form a mobile connection with the "I"-shaped slide rail (Ⅳ) through the thigh slide seat (9) and the calf slide seat (29); the electric cylinder slide seat (1), the thigh slide seat (9) The position between the calf slide seat (29) and the "I"-shaped slide rail (30) is fixed by the first jacking bolt (2); the upper end of the thigh adjustment rod (II) passes through the pin shaft and the calf adjustment rod ( Ⅲ) The upper end is connected by rotation. 2. A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric cylinder assembly (I) includes an electric cylinder slide (1), a first connecting piece (4) , electric cylinder body (5), electric cylinder push rod (6) and second connector (8); the lower end of the electric cylinder body (5) is fixedly connected to the first connector (4) by bolts, the second A connecting piece (4) is rotationally connected with the electric cylinder slide (1) through the first pin shaft (3); the electric cylinder push rod (6) and the second connecting piece (8) are connected through the second pin shaft (7) The connection is rotated, and the second connecting piece (8) is fixedly connected with the thigh adjustment rod (II) through the tightening bolt. 3. A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thigh adjustment rod (II) includes a thigh sliding seat (9), a thigh adjustment rod bottom (10), Thigh bracket (11), thigh support bracket (12), rolling bearing (13), first bearing end cover (14), threaded rod at the thigh (15) and upper part of the thigh adjustment rod (17); the thread at the thigh The lower end of the rod (15) is rotationally connected with the bottom of the thigh adjusting rod (10) through the rolling bearing (13), and there is a shaft hole at the connection between the bottom of the thigh adjusting rod (10) and the threaded rod (15) at the thigh, which is used for installing the rolling bearing (13). The first bearing end cover (14) is installed outside the rolling bearing (13), and the upper end of the threaded rod (15) at the thigh is connected with the upper part of the thigh adjustment rod (17) through threads, and the threaded rod (15) at the thigh is designed with a handle, and the handle is rotated to If the length is appropriate, tighten the second jacking bolt (16) to adjust the length of the thigh adjustment rod (II). The bracket (11) is fixed on the bottom of the thigh adjustment bar (10) through the thigh support support frame (12). 4. A lower limb fixation mechanism for knee joint replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calf adjustment rod (III) includes the upper part of the calf adjustment rod (18), the calf bracket (19), Calf Support Support (20), Second Bearing End Cap (21), Threaded Rod at Calf (22), Boot (24), Boot Support (27), Bottom of Calf Adjustment Bar (28) and Calf Slider (29); the upper end of the upper part of the calf adjustment rod (18) is rotationally connected with the upper part of the thigh adjustment rod (17) through a pin shaft, and the lower end of the upper part of the calf adjustment rod (18) is connected with the threaded rod (22) at the calf through a rolling bearing, The lower end of the threaded rod (22) at the calf is threaded to the bottom of the calf adjustment rod (28); the calf bracket (19) is connected with the calf support frame (20) by a key, and the calf support frame (20) is connected with the calf support frame (20) The upper part of the calf adjustment rod (18) is fixedly connected by tightening bolts; the bottom of the calf adjustment rod (28) is fixedly connected with the boot support frame (27) by tightening bolts, and the bottom of the calf adjustment rod (28) slides with the calf The seat (29) is rotationally connected by a pin shaft; there is an angle adjustment mechanism at the foot boot (24), the bottom of the boot (24) is fixedly connected to the shaft (25) through a connector, and the upper part of the connector is connected to the boot (24). Connect with screws, the lower part of the connector is a U-shaped cylinder with holes, and the hole in the lower part of the connector is connected to the shaft (25) by a key; one end of the shaft (25) and one side of the boot support frame (27) pass through the top Tighten the bolts to fix the connection, the other side of the boot support frame (27) is used to locate the shoulder of the shaft (25), the protruding part of the shaft (25) is stuck in the U-shaped groove on this side, and the U-shaped cylinder of the connecting piece The lower surface is in contact with the boot support frame (27), and a knob (26) is installed at the end of the shaft (25), which is used to adjust the angle of the boot (24) when the top bolt is loosened. The structure and working principle of the threaded rod (15) at the thigh are similar.