CN105662527A - High-safety bone drilling device for department of orthopaedics - Google Patents
High-safety bone drilling device for department of orthopaedics Download PDFInfo
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- CN105662527A CN105662527A CN201610150187.2A CN201610150187A CN105662527A CN 105662527 A CN105662527 A CN 105662527A CN 201610150187 A CN201610150187 A CN 201610150187A CN 105662527 A CN105662527 A CN 105662527A
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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Abstract
一种安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置，包括底板、支撑板、框体装置、电机装置、支架装置、气缸装置、摩擦装置、推动装置及固定装置,底板上设有第一支撑块及第一滚轮,支撑板上设有第一方孔、第一支撑杆及第一连接块,框体装置包括框体、第一支架、第二支架、第一横杆、第一弹簧、第三支架、第一连接杆、第一定位板及定位环,电机装置包括第一电机、第一转轴、第二横杆、定位杆、第一弯曲杆、第二弹簧、第二转轴及钻头,支架装置包括移动架、第一斜杆、第三弹簧、三角块、第四弹簧及第五弹簧,气缸装置包括气缸、推动杆、第二连接杆、旋转块及第二支撑杆,摩擦装置包括垫块、第三支撑杆。本发明能够对病患进行稳定的钻骨，降低了医生的劳动强度。
A highly safe bone drilling device for orthopedics, comprising a base plate, a support plate, a frame device, a motor device, a bracket device, a cylinder device, a friction device, a pushing device, and a fixing device. The base plate is provided with a first support block and a second support block. A roller, the support plate is provided with a first square hole, a first support rod and a first connecting block, and the frame device includes a frame body, a first bracket, a second bracket, a first cross bar, a first spring, and a third bracket , the first connecting rod, the first positioning plate and the positioning ring, the motor device includes the first motor, the first rotating shaft, the second cross bar, the positioning rod, the first bending rod, the second spring, the second rotating shaft and the drill bit, and the support device It includes a moving frame, a first inclined rod, a third spring, a triangular block, a fourth spring and a fifth spring, the cylinder device includes a cylinder, a push rod, a second connecting rod, a rotating block and a second support rod, and the friction device includes a pad , the third support rod. The invention can perform stable bone drilling on patients, and reduces the labor intensity of doctors.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其是涉及一种安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a highly safe orthopedic bone drilling device.
背景技术Background technique
医学临床中，骨折是常见的骨创伤疾病，而治疗骨折最常见的办法是实施内固定手术，即用接骨板和钢钉将骨骼连接起来，待愈合后需要将骨钉取下，钉骨钉时需要钻骨器，钻骨器是一种常用的医疗器械，病患的治疗过程是极其重要的过程，治疗中的各种医疗器具的性能也决定着患者治疗的效果的好与坏，以往的钻骨器存在着使用繁琐，灵活性差的缺陷，不能较好的满足医务人员对于治疗过程中的多种必要性要求，每次钻孔或者取钉，都需要移动患者的肢体，使用起来很不方便，这样不仅增加了医生的工作难度，而且还加重了患者的痛苦，因为钻骨器钻骨时产生震动，所以医生手拿钻骨器钻骨时很不稳定，增加患者的痛苦，增大手术的风险。In clinical medicine, fracture is a common bone trauma disease, and the most common way to treat fractures is to implement internal fixation surgery, that is, to connect the bones with bone plates and steel nails. After healing, the bone nails need to be removed. Bone drills are often needed. Bone drills are a commonly used medical device. The treatment process of patients is an extremely important process. The performance of various medical devices in the treatment also determines whether the patient's treatment effect is good or bad. The traditional bone drill has the defects of cumbersome use and poor flexibility, and cannot better meet the various necessity requirements of medical staff in the treatment process. Every time drilling or taking nails, it is necessary to move the patient's limbs, which is very difficult to use. Inconvenient, this not only increases the difficulty of the doctor's work, but also increases the pain of the patient, because the bone drill generates vibration when drilling the bone, so the doctor is very unstable when holding the bone drill to drill the bone, which increases the pain of the patient and increases the pain of the patient. Risks of major surgery.
因此，有必要提供一种新的技术方案以克服上述缺陷。Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to overcome the above defects.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种可有效解决上述技术问题的安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置。The object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe bone drilling device for orthopedics that can effectively solve the above technical problems.
为达到本发明之目的，采用如下技术方案：一种安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置，所述安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置包括底板、位于所述底板上方的支撑板、位于所述支撑板上方的框体装置、设置于所述框体装置内的电机装置、位于所述框体装置左右两侧的支架装置、位于所述底板上方的气缸装置、位于所述电机装置下方的摩擦装置、位于所述支撑板上方左右两侧的推动装置及设置于所述推动装置上的固定装置,所述底板上设有位于其下方的第一支撑块及位于所述第一支撑块下方的第一滚轮,所述支撑板上设有贯穿其上下表面的第一方孔、位于其下方的第一支撑杆、及设置于所述第一支撑杆上的第一连接块,所述框体装置包括框体、位于所述框体左右两侧的第一支架、位于所述第一支架上方的第二支架、设置于所述第二支架上的第一横杆、位于所述第一横杆下方的第一弹簧、位于所述第一支架下方的第三支架、位于所述框体下方的第一连接杆、位于所述第一连接杆下方的第一定位板及位于所述第一定位板下方的定位环,所述电机装置包括第一电机、位于所述第一电机下方的第一转轴、位于所述第一转轴下方的第二横杆、设置于所述框体内的定位杆、位于所述第二横杆下方的第一弯曲杆、第二弹簧、位于所述第二弹簧下方的第二转轴及位于所述第二转轴下端的钻头,所述支架装置包括移动架、设置于所述移动架上的第一斜杆、位于所述第一斜杆一侧的第三弹簧、设置于所述移动架下端的三角块、位于所述移动架下方的第四弹簧及位于所述第四弹簧一侧的第五弹簧,所述气缸装置包括气缸、位于所述气缸上方的推动杆、位于所述推动杆上方的第二连接杆、设置于所述第二连接杆上的旋转块及设置于所述旋转块上的第二支撑杆,所述摩擦装置包括垫块、位于所述垫块上方左右两侧的第三支撑杆、位于所述第三支撑杆上方的第一固定架、位于所述第一固定架内的摩擦块、位于所述第一固定架左右两侧的第四支架及位于所述第四支架下方的第二弯曲杆,所述推动装置包括第二电机、设置于所述第二电机上的第五支架、第三转轴、位于所述第二电机上方的第六支架、设置于所述第六支架上的第三横杆及第六弹簧,所述固定装置包括第一顶靠块、设置于所述第一顶靠块上的第一顶靠杆、位于所述第一顶靠块下方的第二顶靠块、设置于所述第二顶靠块上的第二顶靠杆、第三弯曲杆、位于所述支撑板上方的顶靠板及设置于所述顶靠板上的凸块。In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: a highly safe orthopedic bone drilling device, the high safety orthopedic bone drilling device includes a base plate, a support plate located above the base plate, a The frame device above the support plate, the motor device arranged in the frame device, the bracket device located on the left and right sides of the frame device, the cylinder device located above the bottom plate, the friction device located below the motor device device, the pushing device located on the left and right sides above the supporting plate and the fixing device arranged on the pushing device, the bottom plate is provided with a first supporting block below it and a For the first roller, the support plate is provided with a first square hole passing through its upper and lower surfaces, a first support rod located below it, and a first connecting block arranged on the first support rod, and the frame body The device includes a frame body, a first bracket located on the left and right sides of the frame body, a second bracket located above the first bracket, a first cross bar arranged on the second bracket, a The first spring under the rod, the third bracket under the first bracket, the first connecting rod under the frame, the first positioning plate under the first connecting rod and the first positioning plate under the first The positioning ring below the positioning plate, the motor device includes a first motor, a first rotating shaft located below the first motor, a second cross bar located below the first rotating shaft, and a positioning rod arranged in the frame , a first bending rod located below the second crossbar, a second spring, a second rotating shaft located below the second spring and a drill bit located at the lower end of the second rotating shaft, the support device includes a moving frame, a set The first slanting rod on the moving frame, the third spring on one side of the first slanting rod, the triangular block arranged at the lower end of the moving frame, the fourth spring located below the moving frame and the The fifth spring on one side of the fourth spring, the cylinder device includes a cylinder, a push rod located above the cylinder, a second connecting rod located above the push rod, a rotating shaft arranged on the second connecting rod block and a second support rod arranged on the rotating block, the friction device includes a pad, a third support rod located on the left and right sides above the pad, a first fixed rod above the third support rod frame, a friction block located in the first fixed frame, a fourth bracket located on the left and right sides of the first fixed frame, and a second bending rod located below the fourth bracket, and the pushing device includes a second motor , a fifth bracket arranged on the second motor, a third rotating shaft, a sixth bracket located above the second motor, a third cross bar and a sixth spring arranged on the sixth bracket, the The fixing device includes a first abutting block, a first abutting rod arranged on the first abutting block, a second abutting block located below the first abutting block, a second abutting block arranged on the second abutting block The second abutment rod on the block, the third bending rod, the abutment plate located above the support plate and the projections arranged on the abutment plate.
所述第一支撑块的横截面呈等腰梯形，所述第一支撑块的上表面与所述底板的下表面固定连接，所述第一支撑块的下表面设有第一凹槽，所述第一滚轮呈圆柱体，所述第一滚轮收容于所述第一凹槽内且与所述第一支撑块轴转连接。The cross section of the first support block is an isosceles trapezoid, the upper surface of the first support block is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the lower surface of the first support block is provided with a first groove, so The first roller is in the shape of a cylinder, and the first roller is accommodated in the first groove and pivotally connected with the first supporting block.
所述第一支撑杆呈长方体，所述第一支撑杆竖直放置，所述第一支撑杆的上端与所述支撑板的下表面固定连接，所述第一支撑杆的下端与所述底板的上表面固定连接,所述第一连接块设有两个，所述第一连接块呈长方体，所述第一连接块的侧面与所述第一支撑杆的侧面固定连接。The first support rod is a cuboid, the first support rod is placed vertically, the upper end of the first support rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate, and the lower end of the first support rod is connected to the bottom plate The upper surface of the first connecting block is fixedly connected, and there are two first connecting blocks, the first connecting block is in the shape of a cuboid, and the side of the first connecting block is fixedly connected to the side of the first support rod.
所述框体呈空心的长方体，所述框体竖直放置，所述第一支架设有两个且分别位于所述框体的左右两侧，第一支架呈L型，所述第一支架的一端与所述框体的侧面固定连接，所述第一支架的另一端呈竖直状，所述第二支架设有两个且分别位于所述框体的左右两侧，所述第二支架呈L型，所述第二支架的一端与所述框体的侧面固定连接，所述第二支架的另一端呈竖直状，所述第一横杆呈长方体，所述第一横杆水平放置，所述第一横杆的端部与所述第二支架的侧面固定连接，所述第一横杆的上表面与所述第二支架的上表面处于同一平面内，所述第一弹簧设有两个，所述第一弹簧呈竖直状，所述第一弹簧的上端与所述第一横杆的下表面固定连接，所述第三支架设有两个且分别位于所述框体的左右两侧，所述第三支架呈L型，所述第三支架的一端与所述框体的侧面固定连接，所述第三支架的另一端呈竖直状，所述第一连接杆设有两个，所述第一连接杆呈长方体，所述第一连接杆竖直放置，所述第一连接杆的上端与所述框体的下表面固定连接，所述第一连接杆的下端与所述第一定位板的上表面固定连接，所述第一定位板呈长方体，所述第一定位板水平放置，所述定位环呈横截面为圆环的柱体，所述定位环竖直放置，所述定位环的上端与所述第一定位板的下表面固定连接。The frame body is a hollow cuboid, the frame body is placed vertically, the first bracket is provided with two and located on the left and right sides of the frame body respectively, the first bracket is L-shaped, and the first bracket One end of one end is fixedly connected with the side of the frame body, the other end of the first bracket is vertical, two of the second brackets are located on the left and right sides of the frame body, and the second bracket The bracket is L-shaped, one end of the second bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the frame, the other end of the second bracket is vertical, the first cross bar is a cuboid, and the first cross bar placed horizontally, the end of the first crossbar is fixedly connected to the side of the second bracket, the upper surface of the first crossbar is in the same plane as the upper surface of the second bracket, and the first There are two springs, the first spring is vertical, the upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first cross bar, and the third bracket is provided with two and respectively located on the On the left and right sides of the frame, the third bracket is L-shaped, one end of the third bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the frame, the other end of the third bracket is vertical, and the first There are two connecting rods, the first connecting rod is a cuboid, the first connecting rod is placed vertically, the upper end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the frame, and the first connecting rod The lower end of the rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first positioning plate, the first positioning plate is a cuboid, the first positioning plate is placed horizontally, the positioning ring is a cylinder with a circular cross section, the The positioning ring is placed vertically, and the upper end of the positioning ring is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the first positioning plate.
所述第一电机收容于所述框体内，所述第一电机的侧面与所述框体的内表面滑动连接，所述第一弹簧的下端与所述第一电机的上表面固定连接，所述第一转轴呈圆柱体，所述第一转轴竖直放置，所述第一转轴的上端与所述第一电机连接，所述第一转轴的下端与所述第二横杆的上表面固定连接，所述定位杆呈长方体，所述定位杆水平放置，所述定位杆的两端与所述框体的内表面固定连接，所述第一转轴贯穿所述定位杆的上下表面且与其滑动连接，所述第二横杆呈圆柱体，所述第二横杆水平放置，所述第一弯曲杆呈弯曲状，所述第一弯曲杆的上端与所述第二横杆的下表面固定连接，所述第一弯曲杆的下端与所述第二转轴的侧面固定连接，所述第二弹簧呈竖直状，所述第二弹簧的上端与所述第二横杆的下表面固定连接，所述第二弹簧的下端与所述第二转轴的上表面固定连接，所述第二转轴呈圆柱体，所述第二转轴竖直放置，所述第二转轴贯穿所述第一定位板的上下表面且与其滑动连接，所述第二转轴穿过所述定位环且与所述定位环的内表面滑动连接，所述钻头呈圆锥体，所述钻头的侧面设有螺纹，所述钻头的上表面与所述第二转轴的下表面固定连接。The first motor is accommodated in the frame, the side of the first motor is slidingly connected to the inner surface of the frame, and the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first motor, so The first rotating shaft is a cylinder, the first rotating shaft is placed vertically, the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the first motor, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft is fixed to the upper surface of the second cross bar connected, the positioning rod is in the shape of a cuboid, the positioning rod is placed horizontally, the two ends of the positioning rod are fixedly connected with the inner surface of the frame, the first rotating shaft runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the positioning rod and slides with it connection, the second crossbar is a cylinder, the second crossbar is placed horizontally, the first curved rod is curved, and the upper end of the first curved rod is fixed to the lower surface of the second crossbar connected, the lower end of the first curved rod is fixedly connected to the side of the second shaft, the second spring is vertical, and the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second cross bar , the lower end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is cylindrical, the second rotating shaft is placed vertically, and the second rotating shaft passes through the first positioning plate The upper and lower surfaces of the drill bit are slidably connected with it, the second rotating shaft passes through the positioning ring and is slidably connected with the inner surface of the positioning ring, the drill bit is in the shape of a cone, the side of the drill bit is provided with threads, and the drill bit The upper surface of the upper surface is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the second rotating shaft.
所述移动架呈L型，所述移动架的一端与所述框体的侧面固定连接，所述移动架的另一端呈竖直状且贯穿所述支撑板的上下表面，所述移动架与所述支撑板滑动连接，所述第一支架的下端与所述移动架的上表面固定连接，所述第三支架的上端与所述移动架固定连接，所述第一斜杆呈倾斜状，所述第一斜杆的两端与所述移动架固定连接，所述第三弹簧设有两个，所述第三弹簧呈竖直状，所述第三弹簧的上端与所述移动架固定连接，所述三角块的横截面呈直角三角形，所述三角块的侧面与所述移动架固定连接，所述三角块的下表面呈水平状，所述三角块的上表面呈倾斜状，所述第四弹簧呈竖直状，所述第四弹簧的下端与所述底板的上表面固定连接，所述第四弹簧的上端与所述移动架的下表面固定连接，所述第五弹簧呈竖直状，所述第五弹簧的下端与所述底板的上表面固定连接，所述第五弹簧的上端与所述三角块的下表面固定连接，所述第一连接块顶靠在所述移动架的侧面上且与其滑动连接。The mobile frame is L-shaped, one end of the mobile frame is fixedly connected to the side of the frame, the other end of the mobile frame is vertical and runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate, the mobile frame and The support plate is slidably connected, the lower end of the first bracket is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mobile frame, the upper end of the third bracket is fixedly connected to the mobile frame, the first inclined rod is inclined, The two ends of the first inclined rod are fixedly connected with the mobile frame, the third spring is provided with two, the third spring is vertical, and the upper end of the third spring is fixed with the mobile frame connected, the cross-section of the triangular block is a right triangle, the side of the triangular block is fixedly connected with the mobile frame, the lower surface of the triangular block is horizontal, and the upper surface of the triangular block is inclined. The fourth spring is vertical, the lower end of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate, the upper end of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving frame, and the fifth spring is vertical, the lower end of the fifth spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate, the upper end of the fifth spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the triangular block, and the first connecting block leans against the on the side of the mobile frame and is slidably connected with it.
所述气缸的下表面与所述底板的上表面固定连接，所述推动杆呈长方体，所述推动杆竖直放置，所述推动杆的下端与所述气缸连接，所述推动杆的上端与所述第二连接杆轴转连接，所述第二连接杆的一端与所述旋转块固定连接，所述旋转块呈横截面为菱形的柱体，所述旋转块水平放置，所述旋转块位于所述三角块的上方，所述第二支撑杆呈长方体，所述第二支撑杆竖直放置，所述第二支撑杆的上端与所述支撑板的下表面固定连接，所述旋转块与所述第二支撑杆的下端轴转连接。The lower surface of the cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the base plate, the push rod is a cuboid, the push rod is placed vertically, the lower end of the push rod is connected with the cylinder, and the upper end of the push rod is connected with the cylinder. The second connecting rod is pivotally connected, one end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating block, the rotating block is a cylinder with a rhombus in cross section, the rotating block is placed horizontally, and the rotating block Located above the triangular block, the second support rod is in the form of a cuboid, the second support rod is placed vertically, the upper end of the second support rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate, and the rotating block It is pivotally connected with the lower end of the second support rod.
所述垫块呈长方体，所述垫块水平放置，所述垫块的下表面与所述底板的上表面固定连接，所述垫块位于所述第一方孔的正下方，所述第一固定架呈凹字形，所述第一固定架的上表面与所述支撑板的下表面固定连接，所述第一固定架位于所述第一方孔的正下方，所述第一固定架上设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔贯穿所述第一固定架的内外表面，所述第三支撑杆设有两个，所述第三支撑杆呈长方体，所述第三支撑杆竖直放置，所述第三支撑杆的上端与所述第一固定架的下表面固定连接，所述第三支撑杆的下端与所述垫块的上表面固定连接，所述摩擦块设有两个，所述摩擦块位于所述第一固定架内的左右两侧，所述摩擦块的横截面呈直角梯形，所述摩擦块与所述第一固定架的内表面固定连接，所述摩擦块的上表面呈倾斜状，所述第四支架设有两个且分别位于所述第一固定架的左右两侧，所述第四支架呈L型，所述第四支架的一端与所述支撑板的下表面固定连接，所述第四支架的另一端与所述第一固定架的侧面固定连接，所述第二弯曲杆设有两个且分别位于所述垫块的左右两侧，所述第二弯曲杆呈弯曲状，所述第二弯曲杆的上端与所述第四支架的下表面固定连接，所述第二弯曲杆的下端与所述底板的上表面固定连接。The spacer is in the shape of a cuboid, the spacer is placed horizontally, the lower surface of the spacer is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate, the spacer is located directly below the first square hole, and the first The fixing frame is in a concave shape, the upper surface of the first fixing frame is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the support plate, the first fixing frame is located directly below the first square hole, and the first fixing frame is A first through hole is provided, and the first through hole runs through the inner and outer surfaces of the first fixing frame. Two third support rods are provided, and the third support rod is in the form of a cuboid. The third support rod Vertically placed, the upper end of the third support rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first fixed frame, the lower end of the third support rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the pad, and the friction block is provided with Two, the friction block is located on the left and right sides of the first fixed frame, the cross section of the friction block is a right-angled trapezoid, the friction block is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the first fixed frame, the The upper surface of the friction block is inclined. Two fourth brackets are provided and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first fixed frame. The fourth bracket is L-shaped. One end of the fourth bracket is connected to the The lower surface of the support plate is fixedly connected, the other end of the fourth bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the first fixed frame, and the second bending rod is provided with two and respectively located on the left and right sides of the pad , the second curved rod is curved, the upper end of the second curved rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fourth bracket, and the lower end of the second curved rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate.
所述第二电机的下表面与所述支撑板的上表面固定连接，所述第五支架呈L型，所述第五支架的一端与所述支撑板的上表面固定连接，所述第五支架的另一端与所述第二电机的侧面固定连接，所述移动架贯穿所述第五支架的上下表面且与其滑动连接，所述第三转轴呈圆柱体，所述第三转轴水平放置，所述第三转轴的一端与所述第二电机连接，所述第三转轴的表面上设有螺纹，所述第六支架呈L型，所述第六支架的一端与所述第二电机的上表面固定连接，所述第六支架的另一端呈水平状，所述第三弹簧的下端与所述第六支架的上表面固定连接，所述第三横杆呈长方体，所述第三横杆水平放置，所述第三横杆的一端与所述第六支架的侧面固定连接，所述第三横杆的另一端顶靠在所述移动架的表面上且与其滑动连接，所述第六弹簧呈水平状，所述第六弹簧的一端与所述第六支架固定连接。The lower surface of the second motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate, the fifth bracket is L-shaped, one end of the fifth bracket is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate, and the fifth bracket is L-shaped. The other end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the second motor, the moving frame runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the fifth bracket and is slidably connected to it, the third rotating shaft is a cylinder, and the third rotating shaft is placed horizontally, One end of the third rotating shaft is connected to the second motor, threads are provided on the surface of the third rotating shaft, the sixth support is L-shaped, and one end of the sixth support is connected to the second motor. The upper surface is fixedly connected, the other end of the sixth bracket is horizontal, the lower end of the third spring is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sixth bracket, the third crossbar is a cuboid, and the third crossbar The bars are placed horizontally, one end of the third cross bar is fixedly connected to the side of the sixth bracket, the other end of the third cross bar leans against the surface of the mobile frame and is slidably connected with it, the first The six springs are horizontal, and one end of the sixth spring is fixedly connected with the sixth bracket.
所述第二顶靠块呈长方体，所述第二顶靠块的下表面与所述支撑板的上表面滑动连接，所述第一顶靠块的横截面呈直角梯形，所述第一顶靠块的下表面与所述第二顶靠块的上表面固定连接，所述第一顶靠块的上表面与所述第六支架滑动连接诶，所述第六弹簧的一端与所述第一顶靠块的侧面固定连接，所述第一顶靠杆呈弯曲状，所述第一顶靠杆的两端与所述第一顶靠块的侧面固定连接，所述第二顶靠杆呈弯曲状，所述第二顶靠杆的两端与所述第二顶靠块的侧面固定连接，所述第三弯曲杆呈弯曲状，所述第三弯曲杆的两端与所述第二顶靠块的侧面固定连接，所述第三转轴贯穿所述第三弯曲杆的内外表面且与其螺纹连接，所述弯曲板设有两个且分别位于所述第一方孔的左右两侧，所述弯曲板呈弯曲状，所述弯曲板的下端与所述支撑板的上表面固定连接，所述凸块设有若干个，所述凸块的侧面与所述弯曲板的侧面固定连接。The second abutting block is a cuboid, the lower surface of the second abutting block is slidingly connected with the upper surface of the support plate, the cross section of the first abutting block is a right-angled trapezoid, and the first abutting block The lower surface of the support block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second abutment block, the upper surface of the first abutment block is slidably connected to the sixth bracket, and one end of the sixth spring is connected to the first support block. A side of the abutting block is fixedly connected, the first abutting rod is curved, both ends of the first abutting rod are fixedly connected to the side of the first abutting block, and the second abutting rod The two ends of the second abutting rod are fixedly connected to the side of the second abutting block, the third bending rod is curved, and the two ends of the third bending rod are connected to the side of the second abutting block. The sides of the two abutting blocks are fixedly connected, the third rotating shaft runs through the inner and outer surfaces of the third bending rod and is threadedly connected with it, and the bending plates are provided with two and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first square hole , the curved plate is curved, the lower end of the curved plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate, the projections are provided with several, and the sides of the projections are fixedly connected to the sides of the curved plate .
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：本发明安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置结构简单，使用方便，能够对病患进行稳定的钻骨，降低了医生的劳动强度，减小了手术的风险，保障了病人的身体安全，并且可以对病患进行有效的固定，使得钻骨时不会产生明显的震动，操作简单，减少了病患的痛苦。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the highly safe orthopedic bone drilling device of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to use, can perform stable bone drilling on patients, reduces the labor intensity of doctors, reduces It reduces the risk of surgery, ensures the safety of the patient, and can effectively fix the patient so that no obvious vibration will be generated when drilling the bone. The operation is simple and the pain of the patient is reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the highly safe orthopedic bone drilling device of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1所示，本发明安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置包括底板1、位于所述底板1上方的支撑板2、位于所述支撑板2上方的框体装置3、设置于所述框体装置3内的电机装置4、位于所述框体装置3左右两侧的支架装置5、位于所述底板1上方的气缸装置6、位于所述电机装置4下方的摩擦装置7、位于所述支撑板2上方左右两侧的推动装置8及设置于所述推动装置8上的固定装置9。As shown in Figure 1, the orthopedic bone drilling device with high safety of the present invention includes a base plate 1, a support plate 2 located above the base plate 1, a frame device 3 located above the support plate 2, and a frame device 3 arranged on the frame. The motor device 4 in the body device 3, the bracket device 5 located on the left and right sides of the frame device 3, the cylinder device 6 located above the bottom plate 1, the friction device 7 located below the motor device 4, and the The pushing devices 8 on the left and right sides above the support plate 2 and the fixing devices 9 arranged on the pushing devices 8 .
如图1所示，所述底板1呈长方体，所述底板1水平放置，所述底板1上设有位于其下方的第一支撑块11及位于所述第一支撑块11下方的第一滚轮12。所述第一支撑块11设有两个且分别位于所述底板1下方的左右两侧，所述第一支撑块11的横截面呈等腰梯形，所述第一支撑块11的上表面与所述底板1的下表面固定连接，所述第一支撑块11的下表面设有第一凹槽111，所述第一凹槽111呈半圆柱体状。所述第一滚轮12设有两个且分别位于所述底板1下方的左右两侧，所述第一滚轮12呈圆柱体，所述第一滚轮12收容于所述第一凹槽111内且与所述第一支撑块11轴转连接，使得所述第一滚轮12可以在所述第一凹槽111内旋转。As shown in Figure 1, the base plate 1 is a cuboid, the base plate 1 is placed horizontally, and the base plate 1 is provided with a first support block 11 below it and a first roller located below the first support block 11 12. The first support block 11 is provided with two and is respectively located on the left and right sides below the bottom plate 1. The cross section of the first support block 11 is an isosceles trapezoid. The lower surface of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected, and the lower surface of the first support block 11 is provided with a first groove 111, and the first groove 111 is in the shape of a semi-cylindrical body. The first roller 12 is provided with two and is respectively located on the left and right sides below the bottom plate 1. The first roller 12 is cylindrical, and the first roller 12 is accommodated in the first groove 111 and It is pivotally connected with the first support block 11 so that the first roller 12 can rotate in the first groove 111 .
如图1所示，所述支撑板2呈长方体，所述第一支撑板2水平放置，所述支撑板2上设有贯穿其上下表面的第一方孔21、位于其下方的第一支撑杆22、及设置于所述第一支撑杆22上的第一连接块23。所述第一方孔21呈长方体状。所述第一支撑杆22设有两个且分别位于所述支撑板2下方的左右两侧，所述第一支撑杆22呈长方体，所述第一支撑块22竖直放置，所述第一支撑杆22的上端与所述支撑板2的下表面固定连接，所述第一支撑杆22的下端与所述底板1的上表面固定连接。所述第一连接块23设有两个，所述第一连接块23呈长方体，所述第一连接块23的侧面与所述第一支撑杆22的侧面固定连接。As shown in Figure 1, the support plate 2 is a cuboid, and the first support plate 2 is placed horizontally. The support plate 2 is provided with a first square hole 21 passing through its upper and lower surfaces, and a first support below it. The rod 22 and the first connection block 23 arranged on the first support rod 22 . The first square hole 21 is in the shape of a cuboid. Described first support bar 22 is provided with two and is respectively positioned at the left and right sides below described support plate 2, and described first support bar 22 is cuboid, and described first support block 22 is placed vertically, and described first The upper end of the support rod 22 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 2 , and the lower end of the first support rod 22 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 . There are two first connecting blocks 23 , the first connecting blocks 23 are rectangular parallelepiped, and the side surfaces of the first connecting blocks 23 are fixedly connected with the side surfaces of the first supporting rod 22 .
如图1所示，所述框体装置3包括框体31、位于所述框体31左右两侧的第一支架32、位于所述第一支架32上方的第二支架33、设置于所述第二支架33上的第一横杆34、位于所述第一横杆34下方的第一弹簧35、位于所述第一支架32下方的第三支架37、位于所述框体31下方的第一连接杆38、位于所述第一连接杆38下方的第一定位板39及位于所述第一定位板39下方的定位环30。所述框体31呈空心的长方体，所述框体31竖直放置，所述框体31的上下表面相通。所述第一支架32设有两个且分别位于所述框体31的左右两侧，第一支架32呈L型，所述第一支架32的一端与所述框体31的侧面固定连接，所述第一支架32的另一端呈竖直状。所述第二支架33设有两个且分别位于所述框体31的左右两侧，所述第二支架33呈L型，所述第二支架33的一端与所述框体31的侧面固定连接，所述第二支架33的另一端呈竖直状。所述第一横杆34呈长方体，所述第一横杆34水平放置，所述第一横杆34处于所述第二支架33之间，所述第一横杆34的端部与所述第二支架33的侧面固定连接，所述第一横杆34的上表面与所述第二支架33的上表面处于同一平面内。所述第一弹簧35设有两个，所述第一弹簧35呈竖直状，所述第一弹簧35的上端与所述第一横杆34的下表面固定连接。所述第三支架37设有两个且分别位于所述框体31的左右两侧，所述第三支架37呈L型，所述第三支架37的一端与所述框体31的侧面固定连接，所述第三支架37的另一端呈竖直状。所述第一连接杆38设有两个，所述第一连接杆38呈长方体，所述第一连接杆38竖直放置，所述第一连接杆38的上端与所述框体31的下表面固定连接，所述第一连接杆38的下端与所述第一定位板39的上表面固定连接，从而对所述第一定位板39起到支撑的作用。所述第一定位板39呈长方体，所述第一定位板39水平放置。所述定位环30呈横截面为圆环的柱体，所述定位环30竖直放置，所述定位环30的上端与所述第一定位板39的下表面固定连接。As shown in Figure 1, the frame device 3 includes a frame body 31, a first bracket 32 located on the left and right sides of the frame body 31, a second bracket 33 located above the first bracket 32, and a The first crossbar 34 on the second bracket 33, the first spring 35 below the first crossbar 34, the third bracket 37 below the first bracket 32, and the first spring 35 below the frame 31. A connecting rod 38 , a first positioning plate 39 located below the first connecting rod 38 , and a positioning ring 30 located below the first positioning plate 39 . The frame body 31 is a hollow cuboid, the frame body 31 is placed vertically, and the upper and lower surfaces of the frame body 31 communicate. The first bracket 32 is provided with two and located on the left and right sides of the frame 31 respectively, the first bracket 32 is L-shaped, one end of the first bracket 32 is fixedly connected to the side of the frame 31, The other end of the first bracket 32 is vertical. Described second bracket 33 is provided with two and is respectively positioned at the left and right sides of described frame body 31, and described second bracket 33 is L-shaped, and one end of described second bracket 33 is fixed with the side of described frame body 31 connected, the other end of the second bracket 33 is vertical. The first crossbar 34 is a cuboid, the first crossbar 34 is placed horizontally, the first crossbar 34 is between the second brackets 33, the end of the first crossbar 34 is connected to the The side surfaces of the second bracket 33 are fixedly connected, and the upper surface of the first cross bar 34 and the upper surface of the second bracket 33 are in the same plane. There are two first springs 35 , the first springs 35 are vertical, and the upper ends of the first springs 35 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first cross bar 34 . The third bracket 37 is provided with two and is respectively located on the left and right sides of the frame body 31. The third bracket 37 is L-shaped, and one end of the third bracket 37 is fixed to the side of the frame body 31. connected, the other end of the third bracket 37 is vertical. Described first connecting rod 38 is provided with two, and described first connecting rod 38 is cuboid, and described first connecting rod 38 is placed vertically, and the upper end of described first connecting rod 38 and the lower end of described frame body 31 The surface is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the first connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first positioning plate 39 , so as to support the first positioning plate 39 . The first positioning plate 39 is in the shape of a cuboid, and the first positioning plate 39 is placed horizontally. The positioning ring 30 is a cylinder with a circular cross section, the positioning ring 30 is placed vertically, and the upper end of the positioning ring 30 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first positioning plate 39 .
如图1所示，所述电机装置4包括第一电机41、位于所述第一电机41下方的第一转轴42、位于所述第一转轴42下方的第二横杆44、设置于所述框体31内的定位杆43、位于所述第二横杆44下方的第一弯曲杆46、第二弹簧47、位于所述第二弹簧47下方的第二转轴45及位于所述第二转轴45下端的钻头48。所述第一电机41收容于所述框体31内，所述第一电机41的侧面与所述框体31的内表面滑动连接，所述第一弹簧35的下端与所述第一电机41的上表面固定连接，从而对所述第一电机41起到支撑的作用。所述第一转轴42呈圆柱体，所述第一转轴42竖直放置，所述第一转轴42的上端与所述第一电机41连接，使得所述第一电机41带动所述第一转轴42旋转，所述第一转轴42的下端与所述第二横杆44的上表面固定连接。所述定位杆43呈长方体，所述定位杆43水平放置，所述定位杆43的两端与所述框体31的内表面固定连接，所述第一转轴42贯穿所述定位杆43的上下表面且与其滑动连接，从而可以防止所述第一转轴42左右晃动。所述第二横杆44呈圆柱体，所述第二横杆44水平放置。所述第一弯曲杆46设有两个且分别位于所述第二横杆44下方的左右两侧，所述第一弯曲杆46呈弯曲状，所述第一弯曲杆46采用弹性材料制成，所述第一弯曲杆46的上端与所述第二横杆44的下表面固定连接，所述第一弯曲杆46的下端与所述第二转轴45的侧面固定连接，从而所述第二横杆44旋转时，带动所述第二转轴45旋转。所述第二弹簧47呈竖直状，所述第二弹簧47的上端与所述第二横杆44的下表面固定连接，所述第二弹簧47的下端与所述第二转轴45的上表面固定连接，从而对所述第二转轴45起到支撑作用。所述第二转轴45呈圆柱体，所述第二转轴45竖直放置，所述第二转轴45贯穿所述第一定位板39的上下表面且与其滑动连接，使得所述第二转轴45可以旋转，所述第二转轴45穿过所述定位环30且与所述定位环30的内表面滑动连接，从而可以对所述第二转轴45起到定位的作用，防止在钻骨时晃动，进而影响钻骨的精度，并且增加了病患的痛苦。所述钻头48呈圆锥体，所述钻头48的侧面设有螺纹，方便进行钻孔作业，所述钻头48的上表面与所述第二转轴45的下表面固定连接。As shown in Figure 1, the motor device 4 includes a first motor 41, a first rotating shaft 42 below the first motor 41, a second cross bar 44 below the first rotating shaft 42, and a The positioning rod 43 in the frame body 31, the first bending rod 46 below the second cross bar 44, the second spring 47, the second rotating shaft 45 below the second spring 47 and the second rotating shaft The drill bit 48 of 45 lower ends. The first motor 41 is accommodated in the frame body 31, the side surface of the first motor 41 is slidingly connected to the inner surface of the frame body 31, and the lower end of the first spring 35 is connected to the first motor 41. The upper surface of the upper surface is fixedly connected so as to support the first motor 41 . The first rotating shaft 42 is a cylinder, the first rotating shaft 42 is placed vertically, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 42 is connected with the first motor 41, so that the first motor 41 drives the first rotating shaft 42 rotates, and the lower end of the first rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the second cross bar 44 . The positioning rod 43 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the positioning rod 43 is placed horizontally. surface and is slidably connected with it, thereby preventing the first rotating shaft 42 from shaking left and right. The second crossbar 44 is cylindrical, and the second crossbar 44 is placed horizontally. The first bending rod 46 is provided with two and located on the left and right sides below the second cross bar 44 respectively, the first bending rod 46 is curved, and the first bending rod 46 is made of elastic material , the upper end of the first bending rod 46 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second cross bar 44, and the lower end of the first bending rod 46 is fixedly connected to the side of the second rotating shaft 45, so that the second When the crossbar 44 rotates, it drives the second rotating shaft 45 to rotate. The second spring 47 is vertical, the upper end of the second spring 47 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second cross bar 44 , the lower end of the second spring 47 is connected to the upper surface of the second rotating shaft 45 The surfaces are fixedly connected so as to support the second rotating shaft 45 . The second rotating shaft 45 is a cylinder, and the second rotating shaft 45 is placed vertically. The second rotating shaft 45 runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the first positioning plate 39 and is slidably connected with it, so that the second rotating shaft 45 can Rotate, the second rotating shaft 45 passes through the positioning ring 30 and is slidably connected with the inner surface of the positioning ring 30, so that the second rotating shaft 45 can be positioned to prevent shaking when the bone is drilled, And then affect the precision of drilling the bone, and increase the misery of the patient. The drill bit 48 is in the shape of a cone, and the side of the drill bit 48 is provided with threads to facilitate drilling operations. The upper surface of the drill bit 48 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the second rotating shaft 45 .
如图1所示，所述支架装置5设有两个且分别位于所述框体装置3的左右两侧，所述支架装置5包括移动架51、设置于所述移动架51上的第一斜杆52、位于所述第一斜杆52一侧的第三弹簧53、设置于所述移动架51下端的三角块55、位于所述移动架51下方的第四弹簧56及位于所述第四弹簧56一侧的第五弹簧57。所述移动架51呈L型，所述移动架51的一端与所述框体31的侧面固定连接，所述移动架51的另一端呈竖直状且贯穿所述支撑板2的上下表面，所述移动架51与所述支撑板2滑动连接，所述第一支架32的下端与所述移动架51的上表面固定连接，所述第三支架37的上端与所述移动架51固定连接。所述第一斜杆52呈倾斜状，所述第一斜杆52的两端与所述移动架51固定连接。所述第三弹簧53设有两个，所述第三弹簧53呈竖直状，所述第三弹簧53的上端与所述移动架51固定连接。所述三角块55的横截面呈直角三角形，所述三角块55的侧面与所述移动架51固定连接，所述三角块55的下表面呈水平状，所述三角块55的上表面呈倾斜状。所述第四弹簧56呈竖直状，所述第四弹簧56的下端与所述底板1的上表面固定连接，所述第四弹簧56的上端与所述移动架51的下表面固定连接。所述第五弹簧57呈竖直状，所述第五弹簧57的下端与所述底板1的上表面固定连接，所述第五弹簧57的上端与所述三角块55的下表面固定连接，从而对所述三角块55起到支撑作用，所述第一连接块23顶靠在所述移动架51的侧面上且与其滑动连接。As shown in Figure 1, the support device 5 is provided with two and located on the left and right sides of the frame device 3 respectively, the support device 5 includes a mobile frame 51, a first Slant bar 52, the third spring 53 on one side of the first slant bar 52, the triangular block 55 arranged at the lower end of the moving frame 51, the fourth spring 56 located below the moving frame 51 and the third spring 56 located at the lower end of the moving frame 51. The fifth spring 57 on one side of the four springs 56 . The moving frame 51 is L-shaped, one end of the moving frame 51 is fixedly connected to the side of the frame body 31, the other end of the moving frame 51 is vertical and runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate 2, The moving frame 51 is slidably connected to the support plate 2, the lower end of the first bracket 32 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving frame 51, and the upper end of the third bracket 37 is fixedly connected to the moving frame 51. . The first slanting rod 52 is inclined, and both ends of the first slanting rod 52 are fixedly connected with the moving frame 51 . There are two third springs 53 , the third springs 53 are vertical, and the upper ends of the third springs 53 are fixedly connected to the moving frame 51 . The cross section of the triangular block 55 is a right triangle, the side of the triangular block 55 is fixedly connected with the mobile frame 51, the lower surface of the triangular block 55 is horizontal, and the upper surface of the triangular block 55 is inclined shape. The fourth spring 56 is vertical, the lower end of the fourth spring 56 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 , and the upper end of the fourth spring 56 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the moving frame 51 . The fifth spring 57 is vertical, the lower end of the fifth spring 57 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and the upper end of the fifth spring 57 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the triangular block 55, Thus, the triangular block 55 is supported, and the first connecting block 23 leans against the side of the moving frame 51 and is slidably connected thereto.
如图1所示，所述气缸装置6设有两个且分别位于所述底板1上方的左右两侧，所述气缸装置6包括气缸61、位于所述气缸61上方的推动杆62、位于所述推动杆62上方的第二连接杆63、设置于所述第二连接杆63上的旋转块64及设置于所述旋转块64上的第二支撑杆65。所述气缸61的下表面与所述底板1的上表面固定连接。所述推动杆62呈长方体，所述推动杆62竖直放置，所述推动杆62的下端与所述气缸61连接，使得所述气缸61带动所述推动杆62上下移动，所述推动杆62的上端与所述第二连接杆63轴转连接，使得所述第二连接杆63与所述推动杆62可以相对旋转。所述第二连接杆63的一端与所述旋转块64固定连接。所述旋转块64呈横截面为菱形的柱体，所述旋转块64水平放置，所述旋转块64位于所述三角块55的上方，使得所述旋转块64旋转时，可以向下压所述三角块55，进而可以使得所述移动架51向下移动。所述第二支撑杆65呈长方体，所述第二支撑杆65竖直放置，所述第二支撑杆65的上端与所述支撑板2的下表面固定连接，所述旋转块64与所述第二支撑杆65的下端轴转连接，使得所述旋转块64可以在所述第二支撑杆65上旋转。As shown in Figure 1, the cylinder device 6 is provided with two and is respectively located on the left and right sides above the bottom plate 1. The cylinder device 6 includes a cylinder 61, a push rod 62 located above the cylinder 61, a The second connecting rod 63 above the push rod 62 , the rotating block 64 disposed on the second connecting rod 63 and the second supporting rod 65 disposed on the rotating block 64 . The lower surface of the cylinder 61 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 . The push rod 62 is a cuboid, the push rod 62 is placed vertically, the lower end of the push rod 62 is connected with the cylinder 61, so that the cylinder 61 drives the push rod 62 to move up and down, and the push rod 62 The upper end of the upper end is pivotally connected with the second connecting rod 63, so that the second connecting rod 63 and the pushing rod 62 can rotate relative to each other. One end of the second connecting rod 63 is fixedly connected with the rotating block 64 . The rotating block 64 is a cylinder with a rhombus in cross section, the rotating block 64 is placed horizontally, and the rotating block 64 is located above the triangular block 55, so that when the rotating block 64 rotates, it can press down on the Said triangular block 55, and then can make said moving frame 51 move downwards. The second support rod 65 is a cuboid, the second support rod 65 is placed vertically, the upper end of the second support rod 65 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the support plate 2, the rotating block 64 is connected to the The lower end of the second support rod 65 is pivotally connected, so that the rotating block 64 can rotate on the second support rod 65 .
如图1所示，所述摩擦装置7包括垫块71、位于所述垫块71上方左右两侧的第三支撑杆72、位于所述第三支撑杆72上方的第一固定架73、位于所述第一固定架73内的摩擦块74、位于所述第一固定架73左右两侧的第四支架75及位于所述第四支架75下方的第二弯曲杆76。所述垫块71呈长方体，所述垫块71水平放置，所述垫块71的下表面与所述底板1的上表面固定连接，所述垫块71位于所述第一方孔21的正下方，所述垫块71采用柔软材料制成，比如海绵等。所述第一固定架73呈凹字形，所述第一固定架73的上表面与所述支撑板2的下表面固定连接，所述第一固定架73位于所述第一方孔21的正下方，所述第一固定架73上设有第一通孔731，所述第一通孔731呈圆柱体状，所述第一通孔731贯穿所述第一固定架73的内外表面。所述第三支撑杆72设有两个，所述第三支撑杆72呈长方体，所述第三支撑杆72竖直放置，所述第三支撑杆72的上端与所述第一固定架73的下表面固定连接，所述第三支撑杆72的下端与所述垫块71的上表面固定连接，从而对所述第一固定架73起到支撑作用。所述摩擦块74设有两个，所述摩擦块74位于所述第一固定架73内的左右两侧，所述摩擦块74采用摩擦系数较大的材料制成，所述摩擦块74的横截面呈直角梯形，所述摩擦块74与所述第一固定架73的内表面固定连接，所述摩擦块74的上表面呈倾斜状。所述第四支架75设有两个且分别位于所述第一固定架73的左右两侧，所述第四支架75呈L型，所述第四支架75的一端与所述支撑板2的下表面固定连接，所述第四支架75的另一端与所述第一固定架73的侧面固定连接，从而对所述第一固定架73起到支撑作用。所述第二弯曲杆76设有两个且分别位于所述垫块71的左右两侧，所述第二弯曲杆76呈弯曲状，所述第二弯曲杆76的上端与所述第四支架75的下表面固定连接，所述第二弯曲杆76的下端与所述底板1的上表面固定连接。As shown in FIG. 1 , the friction device 7 includes a pad 71, a third support rod 72 located on the left and right sides above the pad 71, a first fixing frame 73 located above the third support rod 72, and a The friction blocks 74 in the first fixing frame 73 , the fourth brackets 75 located on the left and right sides of the first fixing bracket 73 , and the second bending rods 76 located below the fourth brackets 75 . The spacer 71 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the spacer 71 is placed horizontally, the lower surface of the spacer 71 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and the spacer 71 is located in front of the first square hole 21. Below, the pad 71 is made of soft material, such as sponge. The first fixing frame 73 is in a concave shape, the upper surface of the first fixing frame 73 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the support plate 2, and the first fixing frame 73 is located on the front side of the first square hole 21. Below, the first fixing frame 73 is provided with a first through hole 731 , the first through hole 731 is cylindrical, and the first through hole 731 runs through the inner and outer surfaces of the first fixing frame 73 . The third support rod 72 is provided with two, the third support rod 72 is a cuboid, the third support rod 72 is placed vertically, and the upper end of the third support rod 72 is connected to the first fixed frame 73 The lower surface of the third support rod 72 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spacer 71 , so as to support the first fixed frame 73 . Described friction block 74 is provided with two, and described friction block 74 is positioned at the left and right sides in described first fixing frame 73, and described friction block 74 adopts the material with bigger friction coefficient to make, and the friction block 74 The cross section is a right-angled trapezoid, the friction block 74 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the first fixing frame 73 , and the upper surface of the friction block 74 is inclined. Described fourth support 75 is provided with two and is respectively positioned at the left and right sides of described first fixing frame 73, and described fourth support 75 is L-shaped, and one end of described fourth support 75 is connected with the support plate 2 The lower surface is fixedly connected, and the other end of the fourth bracket 75 is fixedly connected to the side of the first fixing frame 73 , so as to support the first fixing frame 73 . The second bending rod 76 is provided with two and is respectively located on the left and right sides of the pad 71. The second bending rod 76 is curved, and the upper end of the second bending rod 76 is in contact with the fourth bracket. 75 is fixedly connected to the lower surface, and the lower end of the second curved rod 76 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 .
如图1所示，所述推动装置8设有两个且分别位于所述支撑板2上方的左右两侧。所述推动装置8包括第二电机81、设置于所述第二电机81上的第五支架82、第三转轴83、位于所述第二电机81上方的第六支架84、设置于所述第六支架84上的第三横杆85及第六弹簧86。所述第二电机81的下表面与所述支撑板2的上表面固定连接。所述第五支架82呈L型，所述第五支架82的一端与所述支撑板2的上表面固定连接，所述第五支架82的另一端与所述第二电机81的侧面固定连接，所述移动架51贯穿所述第五支架82的上下表面且与其滑动连接。所述第三转轴83呈圆柱体，所述第三转轴83水平放置，所述第三转轴83的一端与所述第二电机81连接，使得所述第二电机81带动所述第三转轴83旋转，所述第三转轴83的表面上设有螺纹。所述第六支架84呈L型，所述第六支架84的一端与所述第二电机81的上表面固定连接，所述第六支架84的另一端呈水平状，所述第三弹簧53的下端与所述第六支架84的上表面固定连接。所述第三横杆85呈长方体，所述第三横杆85水平放置，所述第三横杆85的一端与所述第六支架84的侧面固定连接，所述第三横杆85的另一端顶靠在所述移动架51的表面上且与其滑动连接，使得所述移动架51稳定的上下移动。所述第六弹簧86呈水平状，所述第六弹簧86的一端与所述第六支架84固定连接。As shown in FIG. 1 , two pushing devices 8 are provided and are respectively located on the left and right sides above the support plate 2 . The pushing device 8 includes a second motor 81, a fifth bracket 82 arranged on the second motor 81, a third rotating shaft 83, a sixth bracket 84 located above the second motor 81, and a sixth bracket 84 arranged on the second motor 81. The third cross bar 85 and the sixth spring 86 on the six brackets 84 . The lower surface of the second motor 81 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the support plate 2 . The fifth bracket 82 is L-shaped, one end of the fifth bracket 82 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate 2 , and the other end of the fifth bracket 82 is fixedly connected to the side of the second motor 81 , the moving frame 51 penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the fifth bracket 82 and is slidably connected thereto. The third rotating shaft 83 is a cylinder, the third rotating shaft 83 is placed horizontally, and one end of the third rotating shaft 83 is connected to the second motor 81, so that the second motor 81 drives the third rotating shaft 83 Rotate, the surface of the third rotating shaft 83 is provided with threads. The sixth bracket 84 is L-shaped, one end of the sixth bracket 84 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second motor 81, the other end of the sixth bracket 84 is horizontal, and the third spring 53 The lower end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sixth bracket 84 . The third crossbar 85 is a cuboid, the third crossbar 85 is placed horizontally, one end of the third crossbar 85 is fixedly connected to the side of the sixth bracket 84, the other end of the third crossbar 85 One end leans against the surface of the moving frame 51 and is slidably connected with it, so that the moving frame 51 moves up and down stably. The sixth spring 86 is horizontal, and one end of the sixth spring 86 is fixedly connected to the sixth bracket 84 .
如图1所示，所述固定装置9设有两个且分别位于所述支撑板2上方的左右两侧。所述固定装置9包括第一顶靠块91、设置于所述第一顶靠块91上的第一顶靠杆92、位于所述第一顶靠块91下方的第二顶靠块93、设置于所述第二顶靠块93上的第二顶靠杆94、第三弯曲杆95、位于所述支撑板2上方的顶靠板96及设置于所述顶靠板96上的凸块97。所述第二顶靠块93呈长方体，所述第二顶靠块93的下表面与所述支撑板2的上表面滑动连接，使得所述第二顶靠块93可以左右移动。所述第一顶靠块91的横截面呈直角梯形，所述第一顶靠块91的下表面与所述第二顶靠块93的上表面固定连接，所述第一顶靠块91的上表面与所述第六支架84滑动连接诶，所述第六弹簧86的一端与所述第一顶靠块91的侧面固定连接。所述第一顶靠杆92呈弯曲状，所述第一顶靠杆92的两端与所述第一顶靠块91的侧面固定连接，所述第一顶靠杆92采用弹性材料制成。所述第二顶靠杆94呈弯曲状，所述第二顶靠杆94的两端与所述第二顶靠块93的侧面固定连接，所述第二顶靠杆94采用弹性材料制成。所述第三弯曲杆95呈弯曲状，所述第三弯曲杆95的两端与所述第二顶靠块93的侧面固定连接，所述第三弯曲杆95采用金属材料制成，比如铁、铜等。所述第三转轴83贯穿所述第三弯曲杆95的内外表面且与其螺纹连接，使得所述第三转轴83旋转时，所述第二顶靠块93可以左右移动。所述弯曲板96设有两个且分别位于所述第一方孔21的左右两侧，所述弯曲板96呈弯曲状，所述弯曲板96的下端与所述支撑板2的上表面固定连接，所述弯曲板96采用弹性材料制成。所述凸块97设有若干个，所述凸块97的侧面与所述弯曲板96的侧面固定连接，从而当所述弯曲板96夹持住病患需要钻骨的位置时，所述凸块97紧贴在患者身上，可以有效的防止转动及晃动现象的发生。As shown in FIG. 1 , there are two fixing devices 9 located on the left and right sides above the support plate 2 . The fixing device 9 includes a first abutting block 91, a first abutting rod 92 arranged on the first abutting block 91, a second abutting block 93 located below the first abutting block 91, The second abutting rod 94, the third bending rod 95 arranged on the second abutting block 93, the abutting plate 96 located above the support plate 2 and the bumps arranged on the abutting plate 96 97. The second abutting block 93 is rectangular parallelepiped, and the lower surface of the second abutting block 93 is slidingly connected with the upper surface of the support plate 2, so that the second abutting block 93 can move left and right. The cross section of the first abutting block 91 is a right-angled trapezoid, the lower surface of the first abutting block 91 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the second abutting block 93, and the first abutting block 91 The upper surface is slidably connected to the sixth bracket 84 , and one end of the sixth spring 86 is fixedly connected to the side of the first abutting block 91 . The first abutting rod 92 is curved, and the two ends of the first abutting rod 92 are fixedly connected to the side of the first abutting block 91, and the first abutting rod 92 is made of elastic material . The second abutting rod 94 is curved, and the two ends of the second abutting rod 94 are fixedly connected to the side of the second abutting block 93, and the second abutting rod 94 is made of elastic material . The third curved rod 95 is curved, and the two ends of the third curved rod 95 are fixedly connected to the side of the second abutting block 93. The third curved rod 95 is made of metal material, such as iron , copper, etc. The third rotating shaft 83 passes through the inner and outer surfaces of the third bending rod 95 and is screwed therewith, so that when the third rotating shaft 83 rotates, the second abutting block 93 can move left and right. The curved plate 96 is provided with two and located on the left and right sides of the first square hole 21 respectively, the curved plate 96 is curved, and the lower end of the curved plate 96 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 2 connected, the curved plate 96 is made of elastic material. There are several protrusions 97, and the sides of the protrusions 97 are fixedly connected with the sides of the curved plate 96, so that when the curved plate 96 clamps the position where the patient needs to drill the bone, the protrusions The block 97 is closely attached to the patient, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of rotation and shaking.
如图1所示，所述本发明安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置使用时，首先将需要钻骨的位置放置在支撑板2上，且位于弯曲板96之间，然后启动位于左右两侧的第二电机81，使得第三转轴83开始旋转，由于第三转轴83与所述第三弯曲杆95螺纹连接，使得所述第三转轴83旋转时，所述第三弯曲杆95向中间移动，然后带动所述第一顶靠块91及第二顶靠块93向支撑板2的中间移动，直至顶靠在弯曲板96上，然后第一顶靠块91及第二顶靠块93继续向中间移动，使得弯曲板96发生弹性变形，直至位于左右两侧的弯曲板96顶靠在患者需要钻骨的位置上，并且由于凸块97的设置，可以对患者需要钻骨的部位进行相对的固定，防止其转动，当弯曲板96稳固的顶靠在患者需要钻骨的位置后，关闭第二电机81。然后启动第一电机41，使得第一转轴42旋转，进而通过第二横杆44、第一弯曲杆46带动所述第二转轴45旋转，进而使得钻头48随之旋转，所述第一定位板39及定位环30可以对所述第二转轴45进行相对固定，防止其左右晃动。然后启动汽缸61，使得推动杆62向上移动，进而通过第二连接杆63使得旋转块64绕所述第二支撑杆65的下端旋转，然后所述旋转块64开始向下压所述三角块55，使得所述移动架51向下移动，此时所述第三弹簧53、第四弹簧56及第五弹簧57被压缩，所述移动架51带动所述框体31向下移动，进而通过第一横杆34、第一弹簧35使得所述第一电机41在框体31内向下移动，直至所述钻头48顶靠在患者需要钻骨的位置上。此时旋转块64继续缓慢旋转，并且继续向下抵压三角块55，使得所述移动架51及框体31继续向下移动，进而使得第一电机41及第一转轴42、第二转轴45及钻头48向下移动，此时钻头48开始对患者需要钻骨的位置进行钻骨作业，并且所述第一弯曲杆46发生弹性变形，所述第二弹簧47被压缩，使得对所述第二转轴45起到缓冲作业，从而对所述钻头48起到保护的作用。直至钻骨完毕后，所述旋转块64停止旋转，此时所述旋转块64将三角块55顶靠到最低的位置，由于所述三角块64由气缸61推动旋转，所述旋转块64旋转的角度不超过90度，因此，所述在所述旋转块64旋转的过程中，不会出现所述三角块55向上移动的过程，进而影响所述钻头48的钻骨作业。所述钻头48穿过患者的骨头，并且穿过第一方孔21时伸入到所述第一固定架73内，当其继续向下移动时，所述第二转轴45的侧面与所述摩擦块74接触，从而可以防止所述第二转轴45继续向下移动，对所述第二转轴45起到保护的作用，所述垫块71的设置，使得所述钻头48顶靠在所述垫块71上，防止其直接顶靠在底板1上，导致底板1损坏。钻骨完毕后，使得所述气缸61带动所述推动杆62向下移动，进而使得旋转块64反向旋转，所述移动架51在第三弹簧53、第四弹簧56及第五弹簧57的作用下向上移动，使得所述第一电机41、第二转轴45向下移动，直至钻头48脱离患者的钻骨部位。然后启动第二电机81，使得第三转轴83反向旋转，使得所述第一顶靠块91及第二顶靠块93向两侧移动，使得所述第一顶靠杆92及第二顶靠杆94不再顶靠在弯曲板96上，使得弯曲板96不再顶靠在患者的钻骨部位上，从而可以将患者钻骨部位移走。至此，本发明安全性高的骨科用钻骨装置使用过程描述完毕。As shown in Figure 1, when the orthopedic bone drilling device with high safety of the present invention is used, first place the position where the bone needs to be drilled on the support plate 2, and between the curved plates 96, and then start on the left and right sides The second motor 81 makes the third rotating shaft 83 start to rotate. Since the third rotating shaft 83 is screwed to the third bending rod 95, when the third rotating shaft 83 rotates, the third bending rod 95 moves to the middle , then drive the first abutting block 91 and the second abutting block 93 to move towards the middle of the support plate 2 until they abut against the curved plate 96, and then the first abutting block 91 and the second abutting block 93 continue Move to the middle, so that the curved plate 96 is elastically deformed until the curved plate 96 on the left and right sides leans against the position where the patient needs to drill the bone, and due to the setting of the bump 97, the position where the patient needs to drill the bone can be relatively It is fixed to prevent it from rotating, and when the curved plate 96 firmly leans against the position where the patient needs to drill the bone, the second motor 81 is turned off. Then start the first motor 41 to make the first rotating shaft 42 rotate, and then drive the second rotating shaft 45 to rotate by the second cross bar 44 and the first bending rod 46, so that the drill bit 48 rotates thereupon, and the first positioning plate 39 and the positioning ring 30 can relatively fix the second rotating shaft 45 to prevent it from shaking left and right. Then start the cylinder 61, so that the push rod 62 moves upwards, and then the rotating block 64 is rotated around the lower end of the second support rod 65 through the second connecting rod 63, and then the rotating block 64 starts to press down on the triangular block 55 , so that the moving frame 51 moves downward, at this time the third spring 53, the fourth spring 56 and the fifth spring 57 are compressed, the moving frame 51 drives the frame body 31 to move downward, and then passes through the first A cross bar 34 and a first spring 35 make the first motor 41 move down in the frame body 31 until the drill bit 48 abuts against the position where the patient needs to drill the bone. At this time, the rotating block 64 continues to rotate slowly, and continues to press the triangular block 55 downward, so that the moving frame 51 and the frame body 31 continue to move downward, and then the first motor 41, the first rotating shaft 42, and the second rotating shaft 45 And the drill bit 48 moves down, at this time, the drill bit 48 starts to drill the bone at the position where the patient needs to drill the bone, and the first bending rod 46 is elastically deformed, and the second spring 47 is compressed, so that the first bending rod 47 is compressed. The two rotating shafts 45 play a buffering operation, thereby protecting the drill bit 48 . After the bone drilling is completed, the rotating block 64 stops rotating. At this time, the rotating block 64 pushes the triangular block 55 to the lowest position. Since the triangular block 64 is driven to rotate by the cylinder 61, the rotating block 64 rotates Therefore, during the rotation of the rotating block 64, the upward movement of the triangular block 55 will not occur, thereby affecting the bone drilling operation of the drill bit 48. The drill bit 48 passes through the patient's bone, and extends into the first holder 73 when passing through the first square hole 21, and when it continues to move downward, the side of the second rotating shaft 45 and the The friction block 74 is in contact with each other, so as to prevent the second rotating shaft 45 from continuing to move downward, and protect the second rotating shaft 45. The setting of the pad 71 makes the drill bit 48 lean against the On the cushion block 71, prevent it from directly abutting on the base plate 1, causing the base plate 1 to be damaged. After the bone drilling is completed, the cylinder 61 drives the push rod 62 to move downward, and then the rotating block 64 is reversely rotated. Move upward under the action, so that the first motor 41 and the second rotating shaft 45 move downward until the drill bit 48 breaks away from the patient's bone drilling site. Then start the second motor 81, so that the third rotating shaft 83 reversely rotates, so that the first abutting block 91 and the second abutting block 93 move to both sides, so that the first abutting rod 92 and the second abutting rod 92 The rod 94 no longer abuts against the curved plate 96, so that the curved plate 96 no longer abuts against the patient's drilled bone site, so that the patient's drilled bone site can be moved away. So far, the use process of the highly safe orthopedic bone drilling device of the present invention has been described.
Claims (10)
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