CN105633462B - A kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound and contain the lithium rechargeable battery of the electrolyte - Google Patents
A kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound and contain the lithium rechargeable battery of the electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN105633462B CN105633462B CN201610008353.5A CN201610008353A CN105633462B CN 105633462 B CN105633462 B CN 105633462B CN 201610008353 A CN201610008353 A CN 201610008353A CN 105633462 B CN105633462 B CN 105633462B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/004—Three solvents
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound and contain the lithium rechargeable battery of the electrolyte, the electrolyte includes lithium salts, organic solvent, additive, the use quality of the additive is equivalent to the 0.1% ~ 10% of the lithium salts and the organic solvent gross mass, the additive is to contain fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, it can react to form interfacial film prior to electrolyte in electrode surface, improve electrode/electrolyte interfacial property, inhibit oxidation or reduction decomposition of the electrolyte in electrode material surface, improve the compatibility of electrolyte and electrode, and transition metal can be reduced from the dissolution on anode, inhibit transition metal nearby on deposition reduction, guard electrode material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs lithium ion battery preparation field, and in particular to a kind of electricity containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound
Solve liquid and the lithium rechargeable battery containing the electrolyte.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery because its higher than energy, small, light weight, memory-less effect, have extended cycle life the advantages that it is extensive
Applied in portable electronic device.But with the fast development of portable electronic product, the ratio energy of lithium ion is proposed
Increasingly higher demands.Currently in order to improving the energy density of lithium ion battery, researchers are mainly by developing high power capacity, height
It is (big such as to improve lithium cobalt composite oxide, the operating voltage of complex Li-Mn-oxide for the positive electrode of operating voltage (being more than 4.2V)
In 4.2V), develop violent composite oxides of lithium nickel of high working voltage etc..However, these positive electrodes are in high working voltage condition
Under be easy to happen structure change, transition metal, which occurs to dissolve, simultaneously to be deposited on cathode, and in addition conventional organic solvent is under high voltages
It is easier to decompose, these factors result in the deterioration of high-voltage lithium ion batteries performance.
Studies have shown that by the way that positive electrode progress surface cladding or doping are capable of providing high-voltage lithium ion batteries and are followed
Ring performance.But these method of modifying would generally be along with the loss of gram volume, and method of modifying is complicated, technique is cumbersome, increases
Add production cost.At the same time, researcher improves high-voltage lithium ion batteries by developing novel resistance to oxidation electrolyte
Chemical property, such as lactone and sulfone class dissolvent electrolytic solution.But the compatibility of these novel electrolytes and battery electrode is poor,
And ionic conductivity is less than carbonyldioxy electrolyte, thus their application is restricted.
The application of functional additives for Li-ion battery electrolytes is since method is simple, significant effect, it is of low cost the advantages that
Receive the concern of extensive researcher.These years, people develop mainly from electrode/electrolyte interfacial property Discussion on Direction is improved
High-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte additive, such as LiBOB, thiophene, methane-disulfonic acid methylene ester and nitrile organic matter.However
The type of high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte additive is still less at present, single effect.Therefore, novel electrolyte function is developed
The electrode/electrolyte interfacial property that additive improves high-voltage lithium ion batteries is very necessary.
Invention content
In view of the problems of background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters
The electrolyte of object and the lithium rechargeable battery containing the electrolyte are closed, electrolysis liquid energy improves battery positive and negative electrode/electrolyte interface
Property improves the stability of organic electrolyte, inhibits the inflatable of lithium ion battery.These properties ensure that high-voltage lithium ion electricity
Pond has good cycle life and high-temperature behavior.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation sides of the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound
Method.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution：
A kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, including organic solvent, electric conducting lithium salt and additive,
In：The organic solvent is selected from more than one of cyclic carbonate solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and linear solvent, and the additive is
Fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, structural formula are as follows：
In above-mentioned chemical formula (1), above-mentioned R1、R2Chemical formula be CaFbHcOd (4≤a≤0, b, c, d≤0), wherein C
For carbon atom, F is fluorine atom, and H is hydrogen atom, and O is oxygen atom.
The fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound is as 0.1%~10% that additive level is electrolyte gross weight.
The fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound is trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester.
The proportioning of cyclic carbonate solvents and linear carbonate solvent is that mass ratio is 1:1~3:2, the end of electric conducting lithium salt is dense
Degree is 0.8~1.5mol/L.
The cyclic carbonate solvents are preferably ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, γ-fourth
Lactone and gamma-valerolactone more than one；
The linear carbonate solvent includes dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate
(DEC), ethyl acetate, methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethers and fluoro-ether more than one.
The electric conducting lithium salt is selected from lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid lithium borate
(LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoro
Arsenic acid lithium (LiAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium (Li (CF3SO2)2N one or more in)；
A kind of preparation method of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, the preparation method of electrolyte are：
(1) it will be used after organic solvent in proportion boutMolecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, water removal；
(2) at ambient temperature, electric conducting lithium salt is added in step (1) obtained solvent, obtains general electrolytic liquid；
(3) typical additives are added, and stir evenly；Functional additive is added, the present invention is made contains fluorine-containing sulfurous
Acid esters additive obtains the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium rechargeable battery.
A kind of lithium rechargeable battery, including positive electrode active materials, negative electrode active material, diaphragm and claim 1-8 appoint
The electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound described in one, the lithium-containing transition metal oxide of positive electrode are：LiCoO2、
LiNiO2、LiMnO2、LiMn2O4、Li(NiaCobMnc)(0<a<1,0<b<1,0<C<1, a+b+C=1), LiNi1‐yMnyO2、
LiNi1‐yMnyO2(0≦z≦2)、LiMx(PO4)y(M Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, V, 0≤x≤5,0≤y≤5) more than one；
Negative material be can be embedded in, deviate from carbon material, lithium metal, silicon or the tin of lithium ion and its in oxide it is a kind of with
On；Diaphragm is woven fabric, one kind of non-woven fabrics and synthetic resin microporous membrane；Lithium ion battery includes the electrolyte of the present invention.It is high
The operating voltage of voltage lithium ion battery is higher than 4.2V.
The present invention has the following advantages and effects with respect to the prior art：
(1) the fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound of additive can exist in cathode interface oxidation filming so as to improve cathode material
The stability of high voltage inhibits caving in for crystal structure, which can reduce transition metal from the dissolution on anode, protection
Electrode material is conducive to the high voltage cycle stability and high-temperature behavior that improve lithium ion battery, and can effectively inhibit battery
Inflatable problem.
(2) functional group containing sulfite can form interfacial film in anode surface, which can inhibit transition metal
Element is restored in the deposition of cathode, is slowed down destruction of the transition metal in anode, is improved the cycle life of battery.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, and using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification,
Water removal；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.0mol/L is stirred evenly, and obtains general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 0.5wt.% of electrolyte quality；It obtains being used for lithium
The high-voltage electrolyte of ion battery.
Embodiment 2
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 1wt.% of electrolyte quality；Obtain for lithium from
The high-voltage electrolyte of sub- battery.
Embodiment 3
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.0mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 1.5wt.% of electrolyte quality；It obtains being used for lithium
The high-voltage electrolyte of ion battery.
Embodiment 4
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.0mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 2wt.% of electrolyte quality；Obtain for lithium from
The high-voltage electrolyte of sub- battery.
Embodiment 5
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.2mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 3wt.% of electrolyte quality；Obtain for lithium from
The high-voltage electrolyte of sub- battery.
Embodiment 6
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.2mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 5wt.% of electrolyte quality；Obtain for lithium from
The high-voltage electrolyte of sub- battery.
Embodiment 7
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear carbonate solvent methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), carbonic acid
Diethylester (DEC) in mass ratio EC: EMC：DEC=3：5：2 mixing, using molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, are removed
Water；
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, it is final concentration of
1.2mol/L is stirred evenly, and is made into general electrolytic liquid；
(3) fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% is added into general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2)
With the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, dosage is the 1wt.% of electrolyte quality；Obtain for lithium from
The high-voltage electrolyte of sub- battery.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of this comparative example is same as Example 1, the difference is that not using three
Fluorine methanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, by the nonaqueous electrolytic solution so prepared in the same manner as shown in Example 1 apply in full battery
Test its performance.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of this comparative example is same as Example 7, the difference is that not using three
Fluorine methanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, by the nonaqueous electrolytic solution so prepared according to method same as Example 7 apply in full battery
Test its performance.
The lithium battery prepared to the electrolyte of above example is tested, and test method is as follows：
Charge-discharge test condition：In order to measure the lithium ion battery charge-discharge performance using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution invented,
Carry out following operation：Lithium cobaltate cathode piece, graphite cathode piece are conventionally prepared, electrolysis is prepared using embodiment 1
Liquid fluid injection in glove box prepares 053048 type soft-package battery using above-mentioned pole piece, with new prestige (BS-9300R types) battery testing system
It unites and charge-discharge test is carried out to 053048 type battery of preparation, while the battery prepared with comparative example electrolyte is compared.Electricity
Range of the pond in voltage range 3.0-4.4V is recycled with 1C charge-discharge magnifications.
The embodiment 1-7 electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound prepared and embodiment 1-7 are prepared general
Lithium rechargeable battery, performance such as following table is made in logical electrolyte：
By data above as can be seen that the present invention selects trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester for additive, in a certain concentration
In range, the capacity retention ratio of battery significantly improves after 300 weeks cycles of battery prepared by embodiment 1-7, has apparent excellent
Gesture.
It is illustrating for possible embodiments of the invention above, but the embodiment is not intended to limit the present invention's
The scope of the claims, all equivalence enforcements or change without departing from carried out by the technology of the present invention spirit are intended to be limited solely by the patent model of the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, including organic solvent, electric conducting lithium salt and additive,
In：The organic solvent is selected as one kind or more of cyclic carbonate and linear carbonates, and the additive is fluorine-containing sulfurous acid
Ester type compound, the fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound are trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester.
2. the electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluorine-containing sulfurous
Acid esters compound is as 0.1%~10% that additive level is electrolyte gross weight.
3. the electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cyclic carbonate and
The proportioning of linear carbonate is that mass ratio is 1:1~3:2, final concentration of 0.8~1.5mol/L of electric conducting lithium salt.
4. the electrolyte according to claim 1 containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, it is characterised in that：The ring
Shape carbonate solvent is one in ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, gamma-butyrolacton and gamma-valerolactone
Kind or more.
5. the electrolyte according to claim 1 containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, it is characterised in that：The line
Type carbonate solvent is at least one of dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or methyl propyl carbonate.
6. the electrolyte according to claim 1 containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, it is characterised in that：Described leads
Electric lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid lithium borate (LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium
(LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), double fluoroforms
Base sulfimide lithium (Li (CF3SO2)2At least one of N).
7. the electrolyte according to claim 1 containing fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound, wherein：The electrolyte also wraps
Containing common additive, the typical additives are vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, propane sultone, fourth sulphur
One or more of acid lactone, adiponitrile, succinonitrile, the typical additives account for the 0.1- of nonaqueous electrolytic solution gross mass
10.0%.
8. a kind of preparation method of electrolyte：Including：
(1) it is used after mixing organic solvent in proportionMolecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, water removal；
(2) at ambient temperature, electric conducting lithium salt is dissolved in above-mentioned organic solvent, and stirred evenly；
(3) typical additives are added, and stir evenly；
(4) additive is added, the electrolyte of the fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound described in claim 7 is made.
9. a kind of lithium rechargeable battery, including positive electrode active materials, negative electrode active material, diaphragm and claim 1-7 are any
The electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfurous esters compound described in, positive electrode active materials are a kind of lithium-containing transition metal oxide, just
Pole active material is more than one of following substance：LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMnO2、LiMn2O4、Li(NiaCobMnc)O2、
LiNi1‐yMnyO2、LiNi1‐yMnyO2、LiMx(PO4)y；Wherein：0<a<1,0<b<1,0<C<1, a+b+C=1；0≦z≦2；M is
Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, V's is any, 0≤x≤5,0≤y≤5.
Negative electrode active material be can intercalation/deintercalation lithium ion carbon material, lithium metal, silicon or tin and its Si oxide or tin oxidation
One or more of object；Diaphragm is from any of woven fabric, non-woven fabrics and synthetic resin microporous membrane.
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| CN107482246A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-12-15 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | A kind of lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| JP6718905B2 (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-07-08 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | Lithium ion capacitor |
| CN112079755B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2023-04-11 | 中科利民(浙江)新能源有限公司 | Process for preparing fluorides and intermediates thereof |
| CN113871720B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-05-31 | 厦门大学 | High-safety electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof |
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| JP4207111B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2009-01-14 | 株式会社ジーエス・ユアサコーポレーション | Non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
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| CN101978548A (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-02-16 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Non-aqueous electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
| CN103354298A (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2013-10-16 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Non-aqueous electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
| CN102263292A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-30 | 九江天赐高新材料有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolytic solution used for lithium secondary batteries |
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