CN105613278A - Artificial hybridization and pollination method for Chinese soapberry fruits - Google Patents
Artificial hybridization and pollination method for Chinese soapberry fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613278A CN105613278A CN201610146272.1A CN201610146272A CN105613278A CN 105613278 A CN105613278 A CN 105613278A CN 201610146272 A CN201610146272 A CN 201610146272A CN 105613278 A CN105613278 A CN 105613278A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/027—Apparatus for pollination
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial hybridization and pollination method for Chinese soapberry fruits. The artificial hybridization and pollination method includes the steps that hybridization male and female parents are selected; male parent pollen is collected and stored; female parent inflorescence is sleeved with a bag, and castration is conducted; pollination is conducted on the female parent in the best pollination period; female parent inflorescence is then sleeved with sulfuric acid paper bags after pollination is conducted, and the fruit development process is observed. By means of the artificial hybridization and pollination method, effective pollination of the Chinese soapberry fruits can be guaranteed, contamination to other pollen is avoided, the problem of existing Chinese soapberry fruits that abscission of fruits is caused due to poor pollination and fertilization is solved, the initial fruit setting rate is raised, hybridization of the Chinese soapberry fruits is achieved, the problem of hybridization of the Chinese soapberry fruits is broken through, quality of the fruits is improved, and the method is low in cost and easy to implement in the application process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass energy seeds pollinating method, it is specifically related to a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method.
Background technology
In today that Nonrenewable energy resources are day by day exhausted, national economy sustainable development, national security and social progress are significant by exploitation biomass energy. Seed of Chinese Soapberry (Sapindusmukorossi) plants benevolence oil length up to 40.7%, oil oxidative stability is good, in the grease that full fruit squeezes out, oleic acid and linolic acid are up to 62.5%, and wherein the lipid acid of C16��C20 accounts for 98.2%, and every index all meets the requirement of biomass material oil; Seed of Chinese Soapberry pericarp is rich in soap glycosides and has multiple biological activity in addition, can be used as cosmetics of everyday use and drug research. South China Seed of Chinese Soapberry distribution area is extensive, is a kind of desirable seeds developing biodiesel.
At present, some enterprise's big area are planted Seed of Chinese Soapberry, but owing to, under cultivation technique and management level, entering the Seed of Chinese Soapberry fruit drop rate height of result phase, produce per year low, and the poor efficiency output of raw material forest is difficult to meet the development of Seed of Chinese Soapberry Poly-generation. Pollination Fertilization is bad, and to be the important factor causing its low yield be, raising Seed of Chinese Soapberry fruit-setting rate, improvement fruit quality is had very big help by artificial pollination technology, and the development accelerating biomass energy seeds Seed of Chinese Soapberry is had great directive significance.
The flower of Seed of Chinese Soapberry be divided into can pregnant flower and can not pregnant flower, exist together an inflorescence, and on same inflorescence, two kinds of flowers open by stages usually, the florescence in mid-May at the beginning of 6 months. Can not the pollen of pregnant flower being main pollination source, owing to flower pesticide is little compared with other seeds, and sugar content height in flower pesticide, pollen sticks together on flower pesticide wall, causes that pollen is more difficult to be propagated with the wind, belongs to entomophilous flower, primarily of honeybee class, fly pollination.
At present not yet with or without the report suffering from Ziren work pollination technique, other seeds of Sapindaceae are main mainly with artificial supplementary pollination technology: as sprayed exogenous hormone and trace element, honeybee is put in orchard, hides yarn net etc. on fruit tree. But Seed of Chinese Soapberry flowering time is just south annual rainfall maximum period, though pollen tube growth can be promoted at Spraying in the flowering stage exogenous hormone and trace element, but it is difficult to realize under the prerequisite not having pollination, rainy day is difficult to there is insect activity in addition, fruit tree hides yarn net restricted too big for 8 years raw Seed of Chinese Soapberry of growth on mountain region, it is very difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is to provide a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select hybridization father and mother originally;
(2) paternal pollen collection and storage:
Inflorescence can not be gathered in time opening by pregnant flower in male parent, select to bloom and cut flower pesticide with the little Hua bloomed the same day the day before yesterday, it is placed on template by pollen to dry in the shade in moisture eliminator, flower pesticide is transferred in vial, grinding flower pesticide with pencil and become fine powder, until there being a large amount of pollen to appear on bottle inwall, in bottle, putting into siccative, then preserve at pollen being seated in-20 DEG C, for subsequent use;
(3) to sulfuric acid paper bag on inflorescence cover before female parent is bloomed, and remove on maternal inflorescence can not pregnant flower and developmental condition inconsistent can pregnant flower, only stay during pollination developmental condition consistent can pregnant flower;
(4) maternal pollination is given in best pollination period;
(5) continue cover sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, and observe fruit development process.
Preferably, in described step (2), the time of drying in the shade is 8h, and degree of drying is indicator by discolour silica gel.
Preferably, the concrete operation method of described step (3) is as follows:
First can not pregnant having spent of can being distinguished out by mode of appearance is removed, remove grow comparatively fast or slower can pregnant flower, put sulfuric acid paper bag to each inflorescence, the next morning opens sack and checks, can not pregnant flower and irregular can again remove by pregnant flower; Keep bagging remove can not pregnant flower and irregular can the step of pregnant colored bagging, until all full removals of can not pregnant using up, only stay belong to same developmental condition open can pregnant flower.
Preferably, the concrete operation method of described step (4) is as follows:
In sulfuric acid paper bag can pregnant the flowers are in blossom puts first day to the 2nd day, column cap turns white, slightly visible mucus time pollination; Keep in Dark Place under pollen is placed in room temperature, use fine, soft fur pen to be awarded by each column cap point during pollination, and each column cap is repeatedly pollinated back and forth, until each column cap can be seen pollen.
Preferably, during pollination, pollination person's weared on wrist thiocyclam, same paternal pollen uses a writing brush.
Preferably, the concrete operation method of described step (5) is as follows:
Carefully put sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, after pollination, within one week, bottom sulfuric acid paper bag, open big mouth; After one month, sulfuric acid paper bag is taken and is changed to 40 order mesh bags.
Preferably, when rainy, open a little hole at the lower-most point place of sulfuric acid paper bag.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, gather pollen with special methods, ensure that pollen vigor, solve the collection problem of pollen;
2, can not pregnant flower and irregular can repeatedly remove by pregnant flower, obtain consistent state on inflorescence can pregnant flower, and effectively pollinate in the best moment, avoid other pollen contaminations, reduce workload, improve efficiency;
3, pollination technique process only needs cryogenic refrigerator, sulfuric acid paper bag and writing brush etc., and cost is low, simple to operate understandable, is easily grasped by the raw material forest producer.
Embodiment
A kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select hybridization father and mother originally;
Select high and stable yields, healthy growth, Fruit Economic Traits is excellent, No. of inflorescences is moderate then, the phenological period is more consistent single strain as father and mother this, it is desired to the male parent florescence carries out mark in female parent a little earlier, observes the flowering dynamics of father and mother's basis every day. Can ensure without biennial bearing output on the impact of pollination achievement, also can ensure that selected tree fruit growth nutrition supply is sufficient simultaneously.
(2) paternal pollen collection and storage:
Can not gathering inflorescence in time opening by pregnant flower in male parent, select to bloom and cut flower pesticide with the little Hua bloomed the same day the day before yesterday, be placed on template by pollen and dry in the shade in moisture eliminator, the time of drying in the shade is 8h, and degree of drying is indicator by discolour silica gel. Flower pesticide is transferred in vial, grinding flower pesticide with pencil and become fine powder, until there being a large amount of pollen to appear on bottle inwall, in bottle, putting into siccative discolour silica gel 10-20, preserve at then pollen being seated in-20 DEG C, for subsequent use; Until taking out during pollination, it is possible to the greatly maintenance vigor of degree;
(3) to sulfuric acid paper bag on inflorescence cover before female parent is bloomed, and remove on maternal inflorescence can not pregnant flower and developmental condition inconsistent can pregnant flower, only stay during pollination developmental condition consistent can pregnant flower; Specifically:
Before maternal inflorescence does not open, it is possible to distinguish out by mode of appearance by growing petal sex faster, what general petal top was more mellow and fuller is can not pregnant flower, what a slight prominent point was arranged at petal top is can pregnant flower; First can not pregnant having spent of can being distinguished out by mode of appearance is removed, observe the overwhelming majority can pregnant Floral development state, remove grow comparatively fast or slower can pregnant flower, put sulfuric acid paper bag to each inflorescence, the next morning opens sack and checks, can not pregnant flower and irregular can again remove by pregnant flower; Keep bagging remove can not pregnant flower and irregular can the step of pregnant colored bagging, until all full removals of can not pregnant using up, only stay belong to same developmental condition open can pregnant flower, quantity remains on 200 about little Hua. The instrument removing little Hua can use scissors and tweezers, and operator can stand or be sitting in people's word ladder and observe and emasculation, has needed a people to ensure safety below. Bagging uses the big sulfuric acid paper bag of 30 �� 40, and binding sack uses nylon cable tie, can ensure convenient and swift sealing. Note fractureing front 2 compound leaves under inflorescence, and this is that inflorescence grows main nutrition supply.
(4) maternal pollination is given in best pollination period; Specifically:
In sulfuric acid paper bag can pregnant the flowers are in blossom puts first day to the 2nd day, column cap turns white, slightly visible mucus time pollination, now the column cap of Seed of Chinese Soapberry is in best pollination period; If brown occurs in column cap, column cap does not have Enumerable infinite set, can not pollinate, and removes; Keep in Dark Place under pollen is placed in room temperature, use fine, soft fur pen to be awarded by each column cap point during pollination, and each column cap is repeatedly pollinated back and forth, ensure that dynamics is little, avoid column cap touched disconnected or damage, until each column cap can be seen pollen. During pollination, it should be noted that the interference of insect, pollination person's weared on wrist thiocyclam, can effectively drive honeybee, fly etc., and same paternal pollen uses a writing brush, not used in combination, ensures that the pollen awarded is not contaminated.
(5) continue cover sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, and observe fruit development process; Specifically:
Sulfuric acid paper bag is carefully put after pollination, little perianth is avoided to touch off, prevent other pollen contaminations and rainwater from washing away column cap simultaneously, if running into rainy weather, pollination time can be postponed till time that rain stops a little, and open a little hole at the lower-most point place of sulfuric acid paper bag, allow the rainwater flowing into paper bag flow out in time, avoid disease to occur to be pressed down with inflorescence branch. Within one week, opening big mouth bottom sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, guarantee can not be got to by rainwater can also be ventilated; After one month, fruit development is stablized, and is taken by sulfuric acid paper bag and is changed to 40 order mesh bags, it is possible to facilitate observation to bear fruit and shedding situation.
The present invention provides the artificial pollination technology of a set of Seed of Chinese Soapberry, it is possible to improve the problem that Seed of Chinese Soapberry Pollination Fertilization is bad, and the invention process process only needs cryogenic refrigerator, sulfuric acid paper bag and writing brush etc., and cost is low, simple to operate, is easily grasped by the producer. The present invention has the following advantages:
1, gather pollen with special methods, ensure that pollen vigor. Seed of Chinese Soapberry is different from the flower of other seeds, it may also be useful to the method for conventional airing can not obtain a large amount of pollen, and what the method that can only use dries in the shade adds grinding flower pesticide can improve pollen draws rate, solves the collection problem of pollen.
2, the problem that Seed of Chinese Soapberry androgynous repeatedly opens is solved. Can not pregnant flower and irregular can repeatedly remove by pregnant flower, obtain consistent state on inflorescence can pregnant flower, and effectively pollinate in the best moment, avoid other pollen contaminations, reduce workload, improve efficiency.
3, only needing cryogenic refrigerator, sulfuric acid paper bag and writing brush etc. in pollination technique process, cost is low, simple to operate understandable, is easily grasped by the raw material forest producer.
The present invention can ensure effective pollination of Seed of Chinese Soapberry, and avoid other pollen contaminations, solve the shedding problem that existing Seed of Chinese Soapberry causes because of the bad youngster of Pollination Fertilization, improve the fruit-setting rate at initial stage, achieve Seed of Chinese Soapberry hybridization, break a difficult problem for Seed of Chinese Soapberry hybridization, improve fruit quality, in implementation process, cost is low, is easy to realize. For the Seed of Chinese Soapberry in other areas, south, it is suitable for the method for the present invention equally, it is also possible to solve pollination problem, obtains hybridization fruit.
Claims (7)
1. a Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select hybridization father and mother originally;
(2) paternal pollen collection and storage:
Inflorescence can not be gathered in time opening by pregnant flower in male parent, select to bloom and cut flower pesticide with the little Hua bloomed the same day the day before yesterday, it is placed on template by pollen to dry in the shade in moisture eliminator, flower pesticide is transferred in vial, grinding flower pesticide with pencil and become fine powder, until there being a large amount of pollen to appear on bottle inwall, in bottle, putting into siccative, then preserve at pollen being seated in-20 DEG C, for subsequent use;
(3) to sulfuric acid paper bag on inflorescence cover before female parent is bloomed, and remove on maternal inflorescence can not pregnant flower and developmental condition inconsistent can pregnant flower, only stay during pollination developmental condition consistent can pregnant flower;
(4) maternal pollination is given in best pollination period;
(5) continue cover sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, and observe fruit development process.
2. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (2), the time of drying in the shade is 8h, and degree of drying is indicator by discolour silica gel.
3. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the concrete operation method of described step (3) is as follows:
First can not pregnant having spent of can being distinguished out by mode of appearance is removed, remove grow comparatively fast or slower can pregnant flower, put sulfuric acid paper bag to each inflorescence, the next morning opens sack and checks, can not pregnant flower and irregular can again remove by pregnant flower; Keep bagging remove can not pregnant flower and irregular can the step of pregnant colored bagging, until all full removals of can not pregnant using up, only stay belong to same developmental condition open can pregnant flower.
4. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the concrete operation method of described step (4) is as follows:
In sulfuric acid paper bag can pregnant the flowers are in blossom puts first day to the 2nd day, column cap turns white, slightly visible mucus time pollination; Keep in Dark Place under pollen is placed in room temperature, use fine, soft fur pen to be awarded by each column cap point during pollination, and each column cap is repeatedly pollinated back and forth, until each column cap can be seen pollen.
5. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: during pollination, pollination person's weared on wrist thiocyclam, same paternal pollen uses a writing brush.
6. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the concrete operation method of described step (5) is as follows:
Carefully put sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination, after pollination, within one week, bottom sulfuric acid paper bag, open big mouth; After one month, sulfuric acid paper bag is taken and is changed to 40 order mesh bags.
7. a kind of Seed of Chinese Soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when rainy, open a little hole at the lower-most point place of sulfuric acid paper bag.
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| CN201610146272.1A CN105613278B (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2016-03-15 | A kind of soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method |
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| CN201610146272.1A CN105613278B (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2016-03-15 | A kind of soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106538378A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of efficient crape myrtle pollinating method |
| CN111418489A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-17 | 北京林业大学 | Artificial cross pollination method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge |
| CN114600701A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-10 | 北京林业大学 | Soapberry fruit growth and development nursing method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103329794A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-10-02 | 华南农业大学 | Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis |
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- 2016-03-15 CN CN201610146272.1A patent/CN105613278B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103329794A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-10-02 | 华南农业大学 | Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 蔡龙: "提高中国特有能源树种文冠果座果率的技术研究", 《CNKI中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106538378A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of efficient crape myrtle pollinating method |
| CN106538378B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-09-14 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of efficient crape myrtle pollinating method |
| CN111418489A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-17 | 北京林业大学 | Artificial cross pollination method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge |
| CN111418489B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-06-17 | 北京林业大学 | Artificial cross pollination method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge |
| CN114600701A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-10 | 北京林业大学 | Soapberry fruit growth and development nursing method |
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Effective date of registration: 20220119 Address after: 354500 No. 2, Tengfei South Road, Jianning Economic Development Zone, Sanming City, Fujian Province Patentee after: FUJIAN YUANRONG BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 354500 Suixi Town Economic Development Zone, Jianning County, Sanming City, Fujian Province Patentee before: FUJIAN YUANHUA FORESTRY BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Jia Liming |