CN105533140A - Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal - Google Patents
Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105533140A CN105533140A CN201510882227.8A CN201510882227A CN105533140A CN 105533140 A CN105533140 A CN 105533140A CN 201510882227 A CN201510882227 A CN 201510882227A CN 105533140 A CN105533140 A CN 105533140A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- corn germ
- fermented
- lactic acid
- fermentation
- acid bacteria
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 72
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 108091005508 Acid proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710130006 Beta-glucanase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ILRLTAZWFOQHRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [K].OS(O)(=O)=O ILRLTAZWFOQHRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 4
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 500g Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010062877 Bacteriocins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006027 corn-soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006153 eosin methylene blue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021195 test diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
一种乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制作方法属生物饲料技术领域,本发明的步骤包括:粉碎豆粕成40目玉米胚芽粕粉;将活菌数为2.0×108-2.0×109cfu/ml的乳酸菌发酵种子液按5%接入玉米胚芽粕粉,添加0.5%复合酶,含水量40%,pH值5.0-7.0,混匀得发酵基础料;将发酵基础料摊铺于30-45℃的发酵池底,厌氧发酵36-48h,得到发酵玉米胚芽粕,并移入流化床中烘干,降至室温即得成品。玉米胚芽粕经乳酸菌和复合酶联合发酵,产生的各类酶、有机酸、氨基酸、益生菌,极大地提高了玉米胚芽粕的营养价值,且发酵玉米胚芽粕中蛋白质含量显著增加,纤维素等抗营养因子含量显著降低,作为优质蛋白质饲料,能明显增加动物的采食量和消化率,提高动物机体的抗氧化能力。 A method for making solid-state fermented corn germ meal with lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes belongs to the technical field of biological feed. The steps of the invention include: crushing soybean meal into 40 mesh corn germ meal powder; Cfu/ml of lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid was added to corn germ meal powder at 5%, added 0.5% compound enzyme, water content 40%, pH value 5.0-7.0, and mixed well to obtain the fermentation base material; spread the fermentation base material on 30 At the bottom of the fermentation tank at -45°C, anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 36-48 hours to obtain fermented corn germ meal, which is then transferred to a fluidized bed for drying and cooled to room temperature to obtain the finished product. Corn germ meal is fermented by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes to produce various enzymes, organic acids, amino acids and probiotics, which greatly improves the nutritional value of corn germ meal, and the protein content in fermented corn germ meal increases significantly, cellulose, etc. The content of anti-nutritional factors is significantly reduced. As a high-quality protein feed, it can significantly increase the feed intake and digestibility of animals, and improve the antioxidant capacity of animals.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属生物饲料技术领域,具体涉及乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制作方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of biological feed, and in particular relates to a preparation method of solid-state fermented corn germ meal by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes.
背景技术Background technique
我国是世界上蛋白类饲料资源最为缺乏的国家,蛋白类饲料的对外依存度已超过70%,每年用于饲料的大豆粕进口量高达5000万吨,鱼粉进口量120万吨,每年的进口总价值在1500-1800亿元。因此,开发利用非常规蛋白饲料资源显得尤为重要。玉米胚芽粕是以玉米为原料,在生产淀粉或酒精之前,将玉米籽实进行浸泡、粉碎和胚芽分离后榨油或浸提油脂后剩余的副产品。玉米胚芽粕经压榨或浸提提取油脂后,除脂肪含量降低外,其余营养成分不变。玉米胚芽粕的粗蛋白含量在20-27%之间,是玉米籽实的2-3倍,但是其赖氨酸含量较低仅为大豆粕的27%,且氨基酸组成也不平衡,粗脂肪含量约为2%,与大豆粕含量接近,但是粗纤维含量较高,并且由于口感偏酸性,动物适口性较差,使得在生长育肥猪日粮中使用很受限制,一般添加量在5-10%。目前,常用的解决方法有氨基酸平衡法,添加复合酶法等,不同处理方法的效果差异很多,而且这些方法从根本上并未改变玉米胚芽粕的营养缺陷。微生物发酵技术处理被认为是最安全、有效的处理方法。my country is the country with the most lack of protein feed resources in the world. The foreign dependence on protein feed has exceeded 70%. The annual import volume of soybean meal used for feed is as high as 50 million tons, and the import volume of fish meal is 1.2 million tons. The value is 150-180 billion yuan. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop and utilize unconventional protein feed resources. Corn germ meal is a by-product that uses corn as a raw material, soaking, crushing and separating the germ before producing starch or alcohol, and then extracting oil or oil. After the corn germ meal is pressed or extracted to extract the oil, except for the reduction of the fat content, the rest of the nutritional components remain unchanged. The crude protein content of corn germ meal is between 20-27%, which is 2-3 times that of corn seed, but its lysine content is only 27% of soybean meal, and the amino acid composition is not balanced, and the crude fat content It is about 2%, which is close to the content of soybean meal, but the content of crude fiber is high, and due to the acidity of the taste, the palatability of animals is poor, so the use in the diet of growing and finishing pigs is very limited. The general addition amount is 5-10 %. At present, commonly used solutions include amino acid balance method, adding compound enzyme method, etc. The effects of different treatment methods vary greatly, and these methods fundamentally do not change the nutritional deficiencies of corn germ meal. Microbial fermentation technology treatment is considered to be the safest and most effective treatment method.
大分子难以消化的植物蛋白质在微生物发酵过程中,被分泌产生的蛋白酶降解为小肽及游离氨基酸,大幅增加了蛋白质的利用率,在发酵过程中产生的大量有益菌,及有机酸、细菌素等次级代谢产物,能够有效降解抗营养因子,提高动物机体免疫力,并使玉米胚芽粕具有特殊的酸香味,增加适口性,同时具有益生活性,能够缓解肠道氧化应激和腹泻的产生。微生物发酵玉米胚芽粕可以作为优质的动物饲料蛋白质来源,并且能够增加益生菌数量,提高消化与吸收,减少饲料浪费,保障动物健康生长和发育。In the process of microbial fermentation, the plant protein with large molecules that are difficult to digest is degraded into small peptides and free amino acids by the secreted protease, which greatly increases the utilization rate of protein. A large number of beneficial bacteria, organic acids, and bacteriocins are produced during the fermentation process. Secondary metabolites such as corn germ meal can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors, improve the immunity of animals, and make corn germ meal have a special sour flavor, increase palatability, and have probiotic activities, which can relieve intestinal oxidative stress and diarrhea produce. Microbial fermented corn germ meal can be used as a high-quality animal feed protein source, and can increase the number of probiotics, improve digestion and absorption, reduce feed waste, and ensure the healthy growth and development of animals.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制备方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal.
本发明的一种乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制作方法,包括下列步骤:A kind of preparation method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1.1将豆粕粉碎,形成40目的玉米胚芽粕粉;1.1 crush the soybean meal to form 40 mesh corn germ meal powder;
1.2制备活菌数为2.0×108-2.0×109cfu/ml的乳酸菌发酵种子液,包括下列步骤:1.2 Preparation of lactic acid bacteria fermented seed solution with viable count of 2.0×10 8 -2.0×10 9 cfu/ml, including the following steps:
1.2.1将葡萄糖20g、蛋白胨10g、酵母提取物5g、硫酸二氢钾2g、水1000ml,pH值7.0,121℃条件灭菌,作为液体培养基;1.2.1 Glucose 20g, peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 2g, water 1000ml, pH value 7.0, sterilized at 121°C as a liquid medium;
1.2.2用无菌吸管吸取步骤1.2.1的液体培养基,滴入装有乳酸菌冻干粉的瓶中,振荡(100次/min),使冻干菌体呈悬浮状;液体培养基和乳酸菌冻干粉的比例为1:10;1.2.2 Draw the liquid culture medium of step 1.2.1 with a sterile pipette, drop it into the bottle containing the lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder, and shake (100 times/min) to make the freeze-dried bacteria in suspension; the liquid culture medium and The ratio of lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder is 1:10;
1.2.3用无菌吸管吸取步骤1.2.2得到的冻干菌体的全部悬浮液,移植到MRS固体培养基中,在37℃培养36-48h,然后接种到MRS斜面培养基上,斜面培养36-48h,再接种到步骤1.2.1的液体培养基中,进行振荡频率为160次/min的摇瓶培养12-24h,得到活菌数为1.0×108-1.0×109cfu/ml的乳酸菌发酵种子液;1.2.3 Use a sterile pipette to absorb the entire suspension of the freeze-dried cells obtained in step 1.2.2, transplant it into the MRS solid medium, cultivate it at 37°C for 36-48h, then inoculate it on the MRS slant medium, and culture on the slant 36-48h, then inoculated into the liquid medium in step 1.2.1, and cultured in a shaking flask with a shaking frequency of 160 times/min for 12-24h, and the number of viable bacteria was 1.0×10 8 -1.0×10 9 cfu/ml Lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid;
1.2.4将步骤1.2.3得到的乳酸菌发酵种子液以5-10%的接菌量接种到100L种子罐中,培养12-24h,所述乳酸菌发酵种子液以5-10%的接菌量接种到100L种子罐中,是指发酵罐的装液量为发酵罐体积的70%,接菌量指的是这70%的5-10%;1.2.4 Inoculate the lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid obtained in step 1.2.3 into a 100L seed tank with an inoculation amount of 5-10%, and cultivate for 12-24h. Inoculation into a 100L seed tank means that the liquid volume of the fermenter is 70% of the volume of the fermenter, and the inoculation volume refers to 5-10% of this 70%;
1.2.5将步骤1.2.4得到的乳酸菌发酵种子液接以5-10%的接种量种到1t发酵罐中,培养24-36h,得到活菌数为2.0×108-2.0×109cfu/ml的乳酸菌发酵种子液,所述乳酸菌发酵种子液以5-10%的接菌量接种到1t发酵罐中,是指发酵罐的装液量为发酵罐体积的70%,接菌量指的是这70%的5-10%。;1.2.5 Inoculate the lactic acid bacteria fermented seeds obtained in step 1.2.4 into a 1t fermenter with an inoculation amount of 5-10%, cultivate for 24-36 hours, and obtain a viable count of 2.0×10 8 -2.0×10 9 cfu The lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid of /ml, described lactic acid bacterium fermented seed liquid is inoculated in the 1t fermentation tank with the inoculum quantity of 5-10%, it is meant that the filling liquid quantity of fermentor is 70% of fermentor volume, and inoculation quantity refers to The best is 5-10% of that 70%. ;
1.3将步骤1.2制备的乳酸菌发酵种子液按5%(v/w)接入步骤1.1得到的玉米胚芽粕粉中,并添加0.5%(w/w)的复合酶,调整含水量为40%,pH值为5.0-7.0,混合均匀后得到发酵基础料;1.3 Insert 5% (v/w) of the lactic acid bacteria fermented seed solution prepared in step 1.2 into the corn germ meal powder obtained in step 1.1, and add 0.5% (w/w) compound enzyme to adjust the water content to 40%. The pH value is 5.0-7.0, and the fermentation base material is obtained after mixing evenly;
1.4将步骤1.3中得到的发酵基础料搅拌均匀,并按60-70cm的厚度摊铺在发酵池底,发酵池温度保持在30-45℃,厌氧发酵36-48h,得到发酵玉米胚芽粕;1.4 Stir the fermentation base material obtained in step 1.3 evenly, and spread it on the bottom of the fermentation tank with a thickness of 60-70 cm, keep the temperature of the fermentation tank at 30-45 °C, and perform anaerobic fermentation for 36-48 hours to obtain fermented corn germ meal;
1.5将步骤1.4中得到的发酵玉米胚芽粕移入流化床中进行烘干,烘干温度为50-55℃;1.5 Move the fermented corn germ meal obtained in step 1.4 into a fluidized bed for drying at a drying temperature of 50-55°C;
1.6待烘干后的发酵玉米胚芽粕降至室温,即得到乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕成品。1.6 After the dried fermented corn germ meal is cooled to room temperature, the finished product of solid-state fermented corn germ meal with lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme is obtained.
步骤1.3所述的复合酶成分为:酸性蛋白酶50000IU/g、纤维素酶36000IU/g、β-葡聚糖酶3000IU/g、木聚糖酶10000IU/g。The compound enzyme components described in step 1.3 are: acid protease 50000IU/g, cellulase 36000IU/g, β-glucanase 3000IU/g, xylanase 10000IU/g.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.玉米胚芽粕在乳酸菌和复合酶的联合发酵下,产生的各种酶类、有机酸、氨基酸、益生菌等大大提高了玉米胚芽粕的营养价值,发酵玉米胚芽粕中蛋白质含量显著增加,纤维素等抗营养因子含量显著降低,减少了对动物的危害,是一种优质的蛋白质饲料资源;1. Under the joint fermentation of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes, various enzymes, organic acids, amino acids, probiotics, etc. produced by corn germ meal have greatly improved the nutritional value of corn germ meal, and the protein content in fermented corn germ meal has increased significantly. The content of anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose is significantly reduced, which reduces the harm to animals, and is a high-quality protein feed resource;
2.在动物中添加能够显著增加动物的采食量和消化率,提高机体抗氧化能力。2. Adding it to animals can significantly increase the feed intake and digestibility of animals, and improve the body's antioxidant capacity.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例,对本发明提供的乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制作方法进行详细的说明。Below in conjunction with the examples, the preparation method of the solid-state fermented corn germ meal provided by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes provided by the present invention will be described in detail.
实施例1Example 1
参照本实施例的乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制做方法,它包括以下具体步骤:With reference to the preparation method of the lactic acid bacteria of the present embodiment and the composite enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal, it comprises the following specific steps:
(1)发酵原料的制备(1) Preparation of fermentation raw materials
将发酵原料——玉米胚芽粕粉碎至40目(0.42mm)的粉状。The fermentation raw material - corn germ meal is crushed to 40 mesh (0.42mm) powder.
(2)乳酸菌菌液的制备(2) Preparation of lactic acid bacteria liquid
用无菌吸管吸取适宜的液体培养基,滴入乳酸菌冻干粉保存瓶中,轻轻振荡,使冻干菌体呈悬浮状,吸取全部菌悬液,移植于MRS固体培养基中,在37℃培养36h后,接种到MRS斜面培养基上,斜面培养36h后,接种到液体培养基中,摇瓶培养12h,得到活菌数为1.0×108的种子液,将种子液以5%的接菌量接种到100L种子罐中,培养12h后移种至1t发酵罐中,培养24h后得到活菌数为2.0×108的发酵种子液。Use a sterile pipette to draw a suitable liquid medium, drop it into the lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder preservation bottle, shake gently, so that the freeze-dried bacteria are suspended, draw all the bacterial suspension, and transplant it into the MRS solid medium. After culturing at ℃ for 36 hours, inoculate it on the MRS slant medium, inoculate it into the liquid medium after culturing it on the slant surface for 36 hours, and cultivate it in a shaker flask for 12 hours to obtain a seed solution with a viable count of 1.0×10 8 . The inoculum was inoculated into a 100L seed tank, and after 12 hours of cultivation, it was transplanted into a 1 ton fermenter. After 24 hours of cultivation, a fermented seed solution with a viable count of 2.0×10 8 was obtained.
(3)发酵(3) fermentation
将上述制备的乳酸菌发酵种子液按5%(v/w)接入到玉米胚芽粕中,并添加0.5%(w/w)的复合酶(复合酶成分为:酸性蛋白酶50000IU/g,纤维素酶36000IU/g,β-葡聚糖酶3000IU/g,和木聚糖酶10000IU/g),调整含水量为40%,pH值5.0,混合均匀后得到发酵基础料;接种后的发酵基础料按厚度60cm,均匀的摊铺在发酵池底,发酵池温度保持在30℃,搅拌均匀后,厌氧发酵36h,得到发酵酶解玉米胚芽粕。Insert the lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid prepared above into the corn germ meal by 5% (v/w), and add 0.5% (w/w) compound enzyme (composite enzyme composition is: acid protease 50000IU/g, cellulose Enzyme 36000IU/g, beta-glucanase 3000IU/g, and xylanase 10000IU/g), adjust water content to be 40%, pH value 5.0, obtain fermentation base material after mixing; Fermentation base material after inoculation According to the thickness of 60cm, it is evenly spread on the bottom of the fermentation tank, and the temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 30°C. After stirring evenly, it is anaerobically fermented for 36 hours to obtain fermented enzymatic corn germ meal.
(4)烘干(4) drying
发酵后的产物全部移入流化床中进行烘干,烘干温度控制在50℃,待烘干后的产物降至室温后,即得发酵玉米胚芽粕成品。The fermented products are all moved into a fluidized bed for drying, the drying temperature is controlled at 50°C, and the finished fermented corn germ meal is obtained after the dried products drop to room temperature.
实施例2Example 2
参照本实施例的乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制做方法,它包括以下具体步骤:With reference to the preparation method of the lactic acid bacteria of the present embodiment and the composite enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal, it comprises the following specific steps:
(1)发酵原料的制备(1) Preparation of fermentation raw materials
将发酵原料——玉米胚芽粕粉碎至40目(0.42mm)的粉状。The fermentation raw material - corn germ meal is crushed to 40 mesh (0.42mm) powder.
(2)乳酸菌菌液的制备(2) Preparation of lactic acid bacteria liquid
用无菌吸管吸取适宜的液体培养基,滴入乳酸菌冻干粉保存瓶中,轻轻振荡,使冻干菌体呈悬浮状,吸取全部菌悬液,移植于MRS固体培养基中,在37℃培养42h后,接种到MRS斜面培养基上,斜面培养42h后,接种到液体培养基中,摇瓶培养18h,得到活菌数为3.0×108的种子液,将种子液以7%的接菌量接种到100L种子罐中,培养18h后移种至1t发酵罐中,培养24h后得到活菌数为1.0×109的发酵种子液。Use a sterile pipette to draw a suitable liquid medium, drop it into the lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder preservation bottle, shake gently, so that the freeze-dried bacteria are suspended, draw all the bacterial suspension, and transplant it into the MRS solid medium. After culturing at ℃ for 42 hours, inoculate it on the MRS slant medium, inoculate it into the liquid medium after culturing it on the slant for 42 hours, and culture it in a shaker flask for 18 hours to obtain a seed solution with a viable count of 3.0×10 8 , and inoculate the seed solution with 7% The inoculum was inoculated into a 100L seed tank, and after 18 hours of cultivation, it was transplanted into a 1 ton fermenter. After 24 hours of cultivation, a fermented seed solution with a viable count of 1.0×10 9 was obtained.
(3)发酵(3) fermentation
将上述制备的乳酸菌发酵种子液按5%(v/w)接入到玉米胚芽粕中,并添加0.5%(w/w)复合酶(复合酶成分为:酸性蛋白酶50000IU/g,纤维素酶36000IU/g,β-葡聚糖酶3000IU/g,和木聚糖酶10000IU/g),调整含水量为40%,pH值6.0,混合均匀后得到发酵基础料;接种后的发酵基础料按厚度65cm,均匀的摊铺在发酵池底,发酵池温度保持在35℃,搅拌均匀后,厌氧发酵42h,得到发酵酶解玉米胚芽粕。Insert the lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid prepared above into corn germ meal by 5% (v/w), and add 0.5% (w/w) compound enzyme (composite enzyme composition is: acid protease 50000IU/g, cellulase 36000IU/g, beta-glucanase 3000IU/g, and xylanase 10000IU/g), adjust water content to be 40%, pH value 6.0, obtain fermentation base material after mixing; Fermentation base material after inoculation presses The thickness is 65cm, and it is evenly spread on the bottom of the fermentation tank. The temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 35°C. After stirring evenly, it is anaerobically fermented for 42 hours to obtain fermented enzymatically hydrolyzed corn germ meal.
(4)烘干(4) drying
发酵后的产物全部移入流化床中进行烘干,烘干温度控制在53℃,待烘干后的产物降至室温后,即得发酵玉米胚芽粕成品。The fermented products are all moved into a fluidized bed for drying, the drying temperature is controlled at 53° C., and the finished fermented corn germ meal is obtained after the dried products drop to room temperature.
实施例3Example 3
参照本实施例的乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制做方法,包括以下具体步骤:Referring to the preparation method of the lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal of the present embodiment, it comprises the following specific steps:
(1)发酵原料的制备(1) Preparation of fermentation raw materials
将发酵原料——玉米胚芽粕粉碎至40目(0.42mm)的粉状。The fermentation raw material - corn germ meal is crushed to 40 mesh (0.42mm) powder.
(2)乳酸菌菌液的制备(2) Preparation of lactic acid bacteria liquid
用无菌吸管吸取适宜的液体培养基,滴入乳酸菌冻干粉保存瓶中,轻轻振荡,使冻干菌体呈悬浮状,吸取全部菌悬液,移植于MRS固体培养基中,在37℃培养48h后,接种到MRS斜面培养基上,斜面培养48h后,接种到液体培养基中,摇瓶培养24h,得到活菌数为2.0×108的种子液,将种子液以10%的接菌量接种到100L种子罐中,培养24h后移种至1t发酵罐中,培养36h后得到活菌数为2.0×109的发酵种子液。Use a sterile pipette to draw a suitable liquid medium, drop it into the lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder preservation bottle, shake gently, so that the freeze-dried bacteria are suspended, draw all the bacterial suspension, and transplant it into the MRS solid medium. After culturing at ℃ for 48 hours, inoculate it on the MRS slant medium, inoculate it into the liquid medium after culturing it on the slant for 48 hours, and culture it in a shaker flask for 24 hours to obtain a seed solution with a viable count of 2.0×10 8 , and inoculate the seed solution with 10% The inoculum was inoculated into a 100L seed tank, and after 24 hours of cultivation, it was transplanted into a 1 ton fermenter. After 36 hours of cultivation, a fermented seed solution with a viable count of 2.0×10 9 was obtained.
(3)发酵(3) fermentation
将上述制备的乳酸菌发酵种子液按5%(v/w)接入到玉米胚芽粕中,并添加0.5%(w/w)复合酶(复合酶成分为:酸性蛋白酶50000IU/g,纤维素酶36000IU/g,β-葡聚糖酶3000IU/g,和木聚糖酶10000IU/g),调整含水量为40%,pH值7.0,混合均匀后得到发酵基础料;接种后的发酵基础料按厚度70cm,均匀的摊铺在发酵池底,发酵池温度保持在40℃,搅拌均匀后,厌氧发酵48h,得到发酵酶解玉米胚芽粕。Insert the lactic acid bacteria fermented seed liquid prepared above into corn germ meal by 5% (v/w), and add 0.5% (w/w) compound enzyme (composite enzyme composition is: acid protease 50000IU/g, cellulase 36000IU/g, β-glucanase 3000IU/g, and xylanase 10000IU/g), adjust water content to be 40%, pH value 7.0, obtain fermentation base material after mixing; Fermentation base material after inoculation presses The thickness is 70cm, and it is evenly spread on the bottom of the fermentation tank. The temperature of the fermentation tank is kept at 40°C. After stirring evenly, it is anaerobically fermented for 48 hours to obtain fermented enzymatically hydrolyzed corn germ meal.
(4)烘干(4) drying
发酵后的产物全部移入流化床中进行烘干,烘干温度控制在55℃,待烘干后的产物降至室温后,即得发酵玉米胚芽粕成品。The fermented products are all moved into a fluidized bed for drying, the drying temperature is controlled at 55°C, and the finished fermented corn germ meal is obtained after the dried products drop to room temperature.
通过以下试验数据,可以体现采用本发明制作的乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的实际应用效果:Through the following test data, the actual application effect of the lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermentation corn germ meal made by the present invention can be reflected:
一、乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵对玉米胚芽粕营养成分及抗营养因子含量的影响1. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermentation on the nutritional components and anti-nutritional factors of corn germ meal
1、材料与方法1. Materials and methods
玉米胚芽粕(市售,CP为21.05%),乳酸菌为吉林省农业科学院畜牧分院动物营养研究所自主保藏。MRS固体培养基:蛋白胨10g、牛肉膏10g、酵母提取物5g、柠檬酸二铵2g、乙酸钠5g、K2HPO42g、MnSO4·4H2O0.25g、MgSO4·7H2O0.58g、葡萄糖20g、吐温-801mL、琼脂25g、水1000mL,调pH6.2~6.4,121℃灭菌20min。液体培养基:葡萄糖20g、蛋白胨10g、酵母提取物5g、K2HPO42g、水1000mL,pH7.0,121℃灭菌20min。Corn germ meal (commercially available, CP 21.05%) and lactic acid bacteria were independently preserved by the Institute of Animal Nutrition, Animal Husbandry Branch, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences. MRS solid medium: peptone 10g, beef extract 10g, yeast extract 5g, diammonium citrate 2g, sodium acetate 5g, K 2 HPO 42g, MnSO 4 4H 2 O 0.25g, MgSO 4 7H 2 O 0.58g, glucose 20g, Tween-801mL, agar 25g, water 1000mL, adjust the pH to 6.2-6.4, and sterilize at 121°C for 20min. Liquid medium: glucose 20g, peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, K 2 HPO 4 2g, water 1000mL, pH 7.0, sterilized at 121°C for 20min.
酸性蛋白酶(50000IU/g)纤维素酶(36000IU/g),β-葡聚糖酶(3000IU/g),和木聚糖酶(10000IU/g)购自黑龙江省肇东日成酶制剂有限公司。Acid protease (50000IU/g), cellulase (36000IU/g), β-glucanase (3000IU/g), and xylanase (10000IU/g) were purchased from Heilongjiang Zhaodong Richeng Enzyme Preparation Co., Ltd. .
2.发酵样品制备及测定指标2. Fermentation sample preparation and determination indicators
按照本发明的发酵方法,将玉米胚芽粕密闭发酵48h。发酵结束后取样,于50~55℃烘干备测。测定指标有:粗蛋白,粗纤维,粗脂肪,赖氨酸,纤维素,木聚糖和β-葡聚糖。According to the fermentation method of the present invention, the corn germ meal is sealed and fermented for 48 hours. Samples were taken after fermentation and dried at 50-55°C for testing. The determination indicators are: crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, lysine, cellulose, xylan and β-glucan.
3.结果与分析3. Results and Analysis
玉米胚芽粕发酵前后的营养成分见表1。The nutritional components of corn germ meal before and after fermentation are shown in Table 1.
表1玉米胚芽粕发酵前后营养成分比较Table 1 Comparison of nutritional components of corn germ meal before and after fermentation
从表1中可以看出,玉米胚芽粕经乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵后,粗蛋白和赖氨酸含量显著增加,粗蛋白含量增加19%,赖氨酸增加44%,粗纤维、纤维素、木聚糖和β-葡聚糖含量显著降低,粗纤维下降66%,纤维素下降82%,木聚糖下降78%,β-葡聚糖几乎被完全降解,因此,玉米胚芽粕经乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵后,可显著提高其营养成分,降低粗纤维等抗营养因子。It can be seen from Table 1 that after solid-state fermentation of corn germ meal by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes, the content of crude protein and lysine increased significantly, the content of crude protein increased by 19%, the content of lysine increased by 44%, crude fiber, cellulose, The content of xylan and β-glucan decreased significantly, crude fiber decreased by 66%, cellulose decreased by 82%, xylan decreased by 78%, and β-glucan was almost completely degraded. Therefore, corn germ meal was treated by lactic acid bacteria and After solid-state fermentation with complex enzymes, its nutritional content can be significantly increased, and anti-nutritional factors such as crude fiber can be reduced.
二、乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长育肥猪的饲喂效果试验2. Feed effect test of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid-state fermented corn germ meal on growing and finishing pigs
为了进一步证明乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的饲喂效果,开展了对生长育肥猪的饲喂试验。In order to further prove the feeding effect of solid-state fermented corn germ meal with lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes, a feeding experiment was carried out on growing and finishing pigs.
1.材料与方法1. Materials and methods
乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵玉米胚芽粕的制备,按照本发明的发酵方法,将玉米胚芽粕密闭发酵48h。发酵结束后于50~55℃烘干备用。For the preparation of solid-state fermented corn germ meal by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes, the corn germ meal is sealed and fermented for 48 hours according to the fermentation method of the present invention. After fermentation, dry at 50-55°C for later use.
试验设计:60头55日龄,初始重24±1.1kg的健康商品代PIC猪,公母各半,分为3个组。试验采用单因素实验设计,每组10个重复,每个重复2头猪,自由采食和饮水。第一组饲喂常规玉米豆粕日粮为对照组,第二组饲喂15%未处理玉米胚芽粕,第三组饲喂15%发酵玉米胚芽粕。预试期7d,试验期27天,共计34天。Experimental design: 60 55-day-old healthy commercial generation PIC pigs with an initial weight of 24±1.1kg were divided into 3 groups. The experiment adopted a single-factor experimental design, with 10 repetitions in each group, and 2 pigs in each repetition, with free access to food and water. The first group was fed a conventional corn soybean meal diet as the control group, the second group was fed 15% untreated corn germ meal, and the third group was fed 15% fermented corn germ meal. The pre-test period is 7 days, and the test period is 27 days, a total of 34 days.
试验日粮:Test diet:
对照组日粮以玉米豆粕为主要原料,试验1组中添加15%未处理的玉米胚芽粕,试验2组添加15%的发酵玉米胚芽粕,日粮配方参照我国《瘦肉型生长育肥猪饲养标准NY/T65-2004》设计。日粮组成及营养水平见表2。The diet of the control group used corn and soybean meal as the main raw material, 15% untreated corn germ meal was added to the test group 1, and 15% fermented corn germ meal was added to the test group 2. Standard NY/T65-2004" design. The diet composition and nutrient levels are shown in Table 2.
表2日粮组成及营养水平Table 2 Diet composition and nutritional level
预混料:猪多维,200g;硫酸铜,380g;硫酸亚铁,400g;硫酸锌,200g;硫酸锰,45g;1%亚硒酸钠,50g;1%碘化钾,40g;1%氯化钴,20g;小苏打,500g,胆碱,1000g。Premix: pig multidimensional, 200g; copper sulfate, 380g; ferrous sulfate, 400g; zinc sulfate, 200g; manganese sulfate, 45g; 1% sodium selenite, 50g; 1% potassium iodide, 40g; 1% cobalt chloride , 20g; baking soda, 500g, choline, 1000g.
测定指标:Determination indicators:
生长指标:分别在正试期第1天和第27天,晨饲前空腹称重,并计算其平均日采食量,日增重和料肉比。Growth indicators: On the first day and the 27th day of the main trial period, the animals were weighed on an empty stomach before morning feeding, and their average daily feed intake, daily gain and feed-to-meat ratio were calculated.
血液生化指标:在正试期第27天,晨饲前空腹,每个重复采1头,每组10头,前腔静脉采血10ml,室温下,静置,自然析出血清,血清分装在1.5ml离心管中,于-20℃保存,备测。测定指标有总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮。Blood biochemical indicators: On the 27th day of the main test period, fasting before morning feeding, each repeated collection of 1 head, 10 heads in each group, 10ml of blood from the anterior vena cava, at room temperature, standing still, naturally precipitated serum, serum was divided into 1.5 ml centrifuge tube, stored at -20°C, ready for testing. Determination indicators are total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen.
营养物质表观消化率:采用内源指示剂法(酸不溶灰分)在试验期第21天开始收集粪样,均在9:00和16:00连续收集4d,每日收集的粪样充分搅拌混匀,按收集总粪量的10%缩减粪样,每100g粪样加20ml10%H2SO4,备测粗蛋白,另取500g粪样在65℃条件下烘干,制成风干样,粉碎过40目筛,备测粗纤维、粗脂肪和粗灰分。Apparent digestibility of nutrients: The endogenous indicator method (acid-insoluble ash) was used to collect feces samples on the 21st day of the test period, and they were collected continuously for 4 days at 9:00 and 16:00, and the feces samples collected every day were fully stirred Mix well, reduce the feces sample according to 10% of the total collected feces, add 20ml10% H 2 SO 4 for every 100g feces sample, prepare crude protein, take another 500g feces sample and dry it at 65°C to make an air-dried sample, Crushed through a 40-mesh sieve, the crude fiber, crude fat and crude ash were measured.
饲料和粪样中的测定方法:粗蛋白采用全自动凯氏定氮仪测定;粗脂肪采用索氏提取仪;粗纤维、ADF和NDF采用纤维分析仪测定;酸不溶灰分采用GB/T23742-2009的方法。Determination methods in feed and feces samples: crude protein is determined by automatic Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer; crude fat is determined by Soxhlet extractor; crude fiber, ADF and NDF are determined by fiber analyzer; acid insoluble ash is determined by GB/T23742-2009 Methods.
某养分表观消化率(%)=[1-(粪中某养分的含量/饲料中某养分含量)×(饲料中酸不溶灰分的含量/粪中酸不溶灰分的含量)]×100%。Apparent digestibility of a certain nutrient (%)=[1-(content of a certain nutrient in feces/content of a certain nutrient in feed)×(content of acid-insoluble ash in feed/content of acid-insoluble ash in feces)]×100%.
肠道主要微生物测定:在正试期的最后一天,每组随机挑选4只体况基本均匀一致的生长猪,将其处死,迅速打开腹腔,结扎盲肠两端,切下盲肠置于无菌操作台上,取其中的盲肠内容物1g,放入盛有99ml的灭菌生理盐水的三角瓶中,充分振荡,取稀释液进行10倍稀释。吸取0.1ml接种于选择培养基上。大肠杆菌以伊红美蓝琼脂培养基37℃培养,48h后进行菌落计数;乳酸菌以LBS培养基37℃培养,48h后进行菌落计数;双歧杆菌以BBL培养基37℃厌氧培养,48h后进行菌落计数。所有微生物计数结果以对数形式表示进行方差分析。Determination of main intestinal microorganisms: On the last day of the main trial period, 4 growing pigs with basically uniform body condition were randomly selected in each group, killed, the abdominal cavity was quickly opened, both ends of the cecum were ligated, and the cecum was cut off and placed in an aseptic operation On the stage, take 1 g of the cecal content, put it into a triangular flask filled with 99 ml of sterilized physiological saline, shake it fully, and take the diluent for 10-fold dilution. Draw 0.1ml to inoculate on the selection medium. Escherichia coli was cultured in eosin methylene blue agar medium at 37°C, and colony counting was carried out after 48 hours; lactic acid bacteria were cultured in LBS medium at 37°C, and colony counting was carried out after 48 hours; Perform a colony count. All microbial counts were expressed in logarithmic form and subjected to analysis of variance.
2.结果与分析2. Results and Analysis
2.1对猪生长性能的影响2.1 Effects on Pig Growth Performance
饲喂发酵和未发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长育肥猪生长性能影响的结果见表2。The results of feeding fermented and unfermented corn germ meal on growth performance of growing and finishing pigs are shown in Table 2.
表2饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长猪生产性能的影响Table 2 Effect of feeding fermented corn germ meal on performance of growing pigs
注:同行肩注不标字母者为差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母为差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母者为差异极显著(P<0.01).Note: There is no significant difference between peers with unmarked letters on their shoulders (P>0.05), significant difference between different lowercase letters (P<0.05), and extremely significant difference among different uppercase letters (P<0.01).
从表中可以看出,各处理组间初均重和末均重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验1组的平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著低于对照组和试验2组(P<0.05),试验2组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);料重比试验1组显著高于对照组和试验2组,说明在生长猪日粮中添加15%的玉米胚芽粕会对猪的生长有一定的影响,但是添加发酵玉米胚芽粕,生长性能与饲喂常规的玉米豆粕日粮相比没有差异。As can be seen from the table, there was no significant difference between the initial average weight and final average weight among the treatment groups (P>0.05). The average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the test group 1 were significantly lower than those of the control group and the test group 2 (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the test group 2 and the control group (P>0.05); group was significantly higher than that of the control group and experimental group 2, indicating that adding 15% corn germ meal to the growth pig diet would have a certain impact on the growth of pigs, but adding fermented corn germ meal, the growth performance was the same as that fed conventional corn There was no difference compared to soybean meal diets.
2.2对生长猪生化指标的影响2.2 Effects on biochemical indicators of growing pigs
饲喂发酵和未发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长育肥猪血液生化指标的影响见表3。The effects of feeding fermented and unfermented corn germ meal on blood biochemical indexes of growing and finishing pigs are shown in Table 3.
表3饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长猪血液生化指标的影响Table 3 Effect of feeding fermented corn germ meal on blood biochemical indicators of growing pigs
注:同行肩注不标字母者为差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母为差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母者为差异极显著(P<0.01).Note: There is no significant difference between peers with unmarked letters on their shoulders (P>0.05), significant difference between different lowercase letters (P<0.05), and extremely significant difference among different uppercase letters (P<0.01).
从表3中可以看出,各处理组间血清白蛋白和总蛋白含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),试验2组的血清尿素氮含量显著低于对照组和试验1组(P<0.05)。As can be seen from Table 3, there was no significant difference in serum albumin and total protein content among the treatment groups (P>0.05), and the serum urea nitrogen content of the test group 2 was significantly lower than that of the control group and test group 1 (P<0.05 ).
2.3对营养物质消化率的影响2.3 Effects on nutrient digestibility
对营养物质消化率的影响见表4。The effect on nutrient digestibility is shown in Table 4.
表4饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长猪营养物质消化率的影响Table 4 Effect of feeding fermented corn germ meal on nutrient digestibility of growing pigs
注:同行肩注不标字母者为差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母为差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母者为差异极显著(P<0.01).Note: There is no significant difference between peers with unmarked letters on their shoulders (P>0.05), significant difference between different lowercase letters (P<0.05), and extremely significant difference among different uppercase letters (P<0.01).
从表4中可以看出,各处理组间干物质消化率差异不显著(P>0.05),试验2组的粗蛋白消化率显著高于对照组和试验1组(P<0.05),且试验1组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验1组粗纤维消化率显著低于对照组和试验2组(P<0.05),且对照组和试验2组差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明,饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕可显著提高粗蛋白质和粗纤维的消化率。As can be seen from Table 4, there was no significant difference in dry matter digestibility among the treatment groups (P>0.05), and the crude protein digestibility of the test group 2 was significantly higher than that of the control group and test group 1 (P<0.05), and the test Group 1 was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), the crude fiber digestibility of the test group 1 was significantly lower than the control group and the test group 2 (P<0.05), and the difference between the control group and the test group 2 was not significant (P>0.05) . It shows that feeding fermented corn germ meal can significantly improve the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber.
2.4对盲肠微生物的影响2.4 Effects on cecal microorganisms
对盲肠微生物影响的结果见表5。See Table 5 for the results of the effects on the cecum microbes.
表5饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕对生长猪盲肠微生物的影响Table 5 Effect of feeding fermented corn germ meal on cecal microorganisms of growing pigs
注:同行肩注不标字母者为差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母为差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母者为差异极显著(P<0.01).Note: There is no significant difference between peers with unmarked letters on their shoulders (P>0.05), significant difference between different lowercase letters (P<0.05), and extremely significant difference among different uppercase letters (P<0.01).
从表5可以看出,饲喂发酵玉米胚芽粕(试验2组)能够显著降低大肠杆菌的数量,提高乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量,说明发酵玉米胚芽粕具有益生作用。It can be seen from Table 5 that feeding fermented corn germ meal (Test 2 group) can significantly reduce the number of Escherichia coli and increase the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria, indicating that fermented corn germ meal has a prebiotic effect.
3结论3 Conclusion
玉米胚芽粕经乳酸菌和复合酶固态发酵后,可显著提高其营养成分,降低粗纤维等抗营养因子。通过在生长育肥猪的试验证明,添加15%的发酵玉米胚芽粕可显著日增重,有效改善料重比,并可显著提高粗蛋白、粗纤维的消化率,使得肠道有害菌显著减少,有益菌显著增加,具有益生功能。After solid-state fermentation of corn germ meal by lactic acid bacteria and compound enzymes, its nutritional content can be significantly improved, and anti-nutritional factors such as crude fiber can be reduced. Experiments in growing and finishing pigs have proved that adding 15% fermented corn germ meal can significantly increase daily weight, effectively improve the feed-to-weight ratio, and significantly increase the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber, significantly reducing intestinal harmful bacteria. Beneficial bacteria are significantly increased and have a probiotic function.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510882227.8A CN105533140A (en) | 2015-12-05 | 2015-12-05 | Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510882227.8A CN105533140A (en) | 2015-12-05 | 2015-12-05 | Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105533140A true CN105533140A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
Family
ID=55813140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510882227.8A Pending CN105533140A (en) | 2015-12-05 | 2015-12-05 | Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105533140A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105994938A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Production method of compound bacterium solid-state fermented maize protein meal |
CN107047987A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 内蒙古河套农牧业技术研究院 | A kind of fermented composite feed for feeding Fattening Sheep and its application |
CN109874940A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-14 | 新昌县大船畈生物科技有限公司 | Pig fattening period mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
CN110250324A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-20 | 宁夏大学 | Preparation method and application of a kind of caragana fermented total mixed ration |
CN112266946A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-26 | 宁夏启元药业有限公司 | Mixed nitrogen source for tetracycline fermentation and application method thereof in tetracycline fermentation |
CN112515093A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 吴征 | Processing method of full-nutrition whole-grain multi-vitamin dietary powder |
CN112655830A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 博益德(北京)生物科技有限公司 | Full-fermentation concentrated feed for growing-finishing pigs, preparation method and application thereof |
CN117502562A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-02-06 | 日照普惠动物营养科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified corn germ meal and application of modified corn germ meal in feed |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1911066A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-14 | 武汉邦之德牧业科技有限公司 | Process of strengthening deep fermentation of soybean dregs with composite enzyme |
CN101103764A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2008-01-16 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of liquid or semi-solid fermented complete feed rich in probiotics and polypeptides |
CN101669571A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-17 | 东北农业大学 | Process for producing protein feed source small peptide by combining lactobacillus mixed fermentation with enzymolysis |
CN103829036A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-06-04 | 郑州市中食农产品加工研究院 | Preparation method of microecological fermented feed by utilizing byproducts of corn deep-processing as raw materials |
CN103988979A (en) * | 2014-06-08 | 2014-08-20 | 威海金牌生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing microbial fermentation corn germ meal |
-
2015
- 2015-12-05 CN CN201510882227.8A patent/CN105533140A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1911066A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-14 | 武汉邦之德牧业科技有限公司 | Process of strengthening deep fermentation of soybean dregs with composite enzyme |
CN101103764A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2008-01-16 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of liquid or semi-solid fermented complete feed rich in probiotics and polypeptides |
CN101669571A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-17 | 东北农业大学 | Process for producing protein feed source small peptide by combining lactobacillus mixed fermentation with enzymolysis |
CN103829036A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-06-04 | 郑州市中食农产品加工研究院 | Preparation method of microecological fermented feed by utilizing byproducts of corn deep-processing as raw materials |
CN103988979A (en) * | 2014-06-08 | 2014-08-20 | 威海金牌生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing microbial fermentation corn germ meal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
周贤文: "不同处理的玉米胚芽粕对生长猪饲用效果的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105994938A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Production method of compound bacterium solid-state fermented maize protein meal |
CN107047987A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 内蒙古河套农牧业技术研究院 | A kind of fermented composite feed for feeding Fattening Sheep and its application |
CN109874940A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-14 | 新昌县大船畈生物科技有限公司 | Pig fattening period mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
CN110250324A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-20 | 宁夏大学 | Preparation method and application of a kind of caragana fermented total mixed ration |
CN112266946A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-26 | 宁夏启元药业有限公司 | Mixed nitrogen source for tetracycline fermentation and application method thereof in tetracycline fermentation |
CN112515093A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 吴征 | Processing method of full-nutrition whole-grain multi-vitamin dietary powder |
CN112515093B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-02-21 | 哈尔滨拓百世生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of whole nutrition whole grain multidimensional dietary powder |
CN112655830A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 博益德(北京)生物科技有限公司 | Full-fermentation concentrated feed for growing-finishing pigs, preparation method and application thereof |
CN117502562A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-02-06 | 日照普惠动物营养科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified corn germ meal and application of modified corn germ meal in feed |
CN117502562B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-06-11 | 日照普惠动物营养科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified corn germ meal and application of modified corn germ meal in feed |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105533140A (en) | Making method of lactic acid bacteria and compound enzyme solid state fermented corn germ meal | |
CN102168045B (en) | Bacillus subtilis preparation and preparation method thereof | |
CN108208335B (en) | Process for improving feeding nutritive value of cottonseed meal by microbial fermentation method | |
CN110226671A (en) | A kind of piglet full price fermented feed and its production method | |
CN103609881B (en) | A kind of mutton sheep ferment essence feed containing probio and preparation method thereof | |
CN106260540A (en) | A kind of biological feedstuff for creep feed and creep feed | |
CN109588538A (en) | A kind of not antibiotic fermentative feedstuff of microbe and preparation method thereof | |
CN101797019A (en) | Wet-basis state fermentation protein feed for pigs and application thereof | |
CN108094528A (en) | The preparation method of fermenting bean dregs powder | |
KR20210043877A (en) | Method for preparing fermented total mixed ration using microbial strain complex | |
CN113604404B (en) | Bacillus coagulans YSF17 and application thereof | |
CN109007370A (en) | Complex function additive for feed for piglets and preparation method thereof | |
CN114586890A (en) | A kind of method for making compound flora feed by using Juncao | |
CN106721261A (en) | One kind is used for swine rearing mixed fermentation fiber feedstuff and preparation method thereof | |
CN105941839A (en) | Method for preparing probiotic feed by using by-products generated in production process of vermicelli | |
CN102787087B (en) | Lactobacillus casei and application of lactobacillus casei in feed | |
CN105941899A (en) | Production method for compound micro-ecological preparation for weaned piglets | |
CN1409986A (en) | Special lactobacillus inoculum for silage and its making method | |
CN100403921C (en) | A kind of feed additive and its production process and application | |
CN110521856A (en) | The production method of the diligent energy property small peptide of one boar | |
CN101138392B (en) | Micro-zoology preparations for feeding | |
CN111685235B (en) | Preparation method of lactobacillus plantarum fermented liquid complete feed for piglets | |
CN106804875A (en) | A kind of sweet potato residue fermented feed and preparation method and application | |
CN105994937A (en) | Green organic selenium-rich feed and preparation method thereof | |
CN106387317A (en) | Microorganism feed additive capable of protecting pig livers and preparation method of microorganism feed additive |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160504 |