CN105406627A - Tooth-slot salient permanent magnet composite array and electromagnetic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the fields of electromagnetic devices and electrical appliances, and in particular relates to a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and an electromagnetic device. Composed of iron 4, the protruding iron 4 of the tooth part is composed of iron core teeth with yoke 5, the magnet array 2 is composed of magnets around the slot mounted along the inner wall of the core slot, and the protruding iron 3 of the slot part is located in the core slot tightly. The other surface of the magnet array 2 is arranged, and the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention is used as the secondary to cooperate with the corresponding primary or iron core to form a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite electromagnetic device, which can greatly suppress or even completely eliminate the secondary The internal magnetic flux leakage can greatly increase the power and output of electromagnetic devices such as permanent magnet motors under the same volume and manufacturing cost, or greatly reduce the volume and manufacturing cost of electromagnetic devices such as permanent magnet motors under the same power, especially suitable for large Engineering applications of electromagnetic devices such as power permanent magnet motors.

Description

Alveolar Salient Pole Permanent Magnet Composite Array and Electromagnetic Device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of electrical appliances and electromagnetic devices, and in particular relates to a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and an electromagnetic device.

Background technique

As an electromagnetic device, permanent magnet motor has been widely used in various industries. It is mainly divided into two categories: permanent magnet rotary motor and permanent magnet linear motor. Permanent magnet rotating motors can be divided into surface type (also divided into surface protruding type and surface insertion type) and built-in type (also divided into radial type, tangential type, hybrid type, etc.) according to the arrangement of the permanent magnets of the rotor. Magnetic circuit structure, the former has a simple structure, but the equivalent electromagnetic air gap is large, the power density is low, and it cannot be self-started. The latter has a higher power density than the former, but the magnetic flux leakage is also large, and a special magnetic isolation bridge is required to limit the magnetic flux leakage. , and the complex structure, all lead to low power density of the motor and low utilization rate of permanent magnets. As another major category, permanent magnet linear motors are also widely used in many application fields and occasions such as maglev trains, direct drive elevators, and automated assembly lines. According to the structure, they can be divided into flat type, cylindrical type (tube type), arc type, etc. According to the arrangement of the mover permanent magnet, it can be divided into hidden pole type, salient pole type, mixed type, etc. According to the arrangement of primary and secondary, it can also be divided into bilateral type, unilateral type and compound type, etc., and other Various types of electromagnetic devices also have problems such as large electromagnetic air gap and/or magnetic flux leakage, low power density, small output, large volume, and high manufacturing and use costs.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the engineering application bottleneck problem of the existing electromagnetic device including the permanent magnet motor with low output power, low power index, large volume and high cost. It specifically relates to a cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array and an electromagnetic device. The cogging salient pole permanent magnet array is composed of a groove protruding iron, a magnet array, and a tooth protruding iron. The tooth protruding iron is composed of a yoke Composed of iron core teeth, the magnet array is composed of magnets around the slot mounted along the inner wall of the iron core slot.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array. The cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is composed of at least one group of cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array units mounted sequentially. Composed of iron, magnet array, and iron core, the iron core is provided with grooves, the two sides of the groove are protruding teeth, and the rest is a yoke, and the protruding iron of the groove is located in the middle of the groove and is close to the outer surface of the magnet array Setting, the magnet array is composed of at least one group of magnets around the groove mounted along the inner wall of the groove, the magnet array gathers magnetic poles with the same polarity on the surface of the convex iron at the groove part, and forms magnetic poles with opposite polarity on the surface of the convex iron at the tooth part .

The iron cores in the adjacent alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array units have an integrated structure.

The cross section of the groove of the core is U-shaped or semicircular or rectangular or trapezoidal or sinusoidal or V-shaped or triangular or rhombus or pentagonal or hexagonal or "concave" or "convex" or dovetail shape.

At least one open slot is provided on the protruding iron of the tooth portion, a normal magnet is arranged in the open slot, and the polarity of the surface of the normal magnet is consistent with that of the surface of the protruding iron of the tooth portion.

At least one conductor is arranged on the protruding iron at the tooth part and/or the protruding iron at the groove part, and the lateral ends of the conductor are integrated into one body through a conductive ring or a conductive sheet.

At least one cavity is provided on the protruding iron at the tooth part and/or the protruding iron at the groove part, and a conductor is arranged in the cavity, and the lateral ends of each conductor are connected into one body through a conductive ring or a conductive sheet; or between the protruding iron at the tooth part and the /or the surface of the protruding iron at the groove portion is laid or connected with a layer of circumferential sheet, and the protruding iron at the tooth portion and the protruding iron at the groove portion are connected into a whole. The circumferential sheet is a magnetic conductive sheet or a conductive sheet or a magnetic conductive composite sheet or It is a magnetically permeable alveolar sheet with slots, the slots are embedded with conductors, and the lateral ends of the conductors are integrated into one body through conductive rings or conductive sheets.

At least one set of groove protruding irons is connected with the tooth protruding irons and or the two lateral ends of the yoke through connecting pieces, and or at least one set of groove protruding iron bottoms and the yoke below are passed through at least one magnetically conductive The normal thin slices are connected into one body to form a unified alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array, and the normal thin slices divide the magnet array around the convex iron in the slot or the magnets around the slot into two halves.

The magnets around the slot and the normal magnets are permanent magnets, superconducting magnets or electric excitation magnets.

The cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is wound around a longitudinal axis to form a cylindrical shape by connecting the lateral ends of the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array end to end to form a cylindrical cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array.

The cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array is rolled into a circle by connecting the longitudinal ends of the cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array end to end along a transverse axis to form a rotating cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array.

Two alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite arrays are arranged face to face separately or arranged in a "eight" shape to form a double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array, or arranged back to back to form a conjugate double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array.

The lateral end connectors on both sides of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array are connected together to form a U-shaped alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array.

The cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is used as the secondary, and the corresponding primary or slotted iron core or non-slotted iron core is used to form a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite electromagnetic device.

Using the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention as the secondary and the corresponding primary to form a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite electromagnetic device can greatly suppress or even completely eliminate the magnetic flux leakage inside the secondary. Under the same volume and manufacturing cost, It can greatly increase the power and output of motors and other devices, or greatly reduce the volume and manufacturing cost of devices under the same power, and is especially suitable for engineering applications such as high-power motors and other electromagnetic devices. It solves the bottleneck problem of engineering application of electromagnetic devices such as high-power motors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram II of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array III of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram 4 of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array VI of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array VII of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram eight of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet composite array with alveolar salient poles according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array ten of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram eleven of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array twelve of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array thirteen according to the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array II;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array III;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram 4 of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array V;

Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array VI;

Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array VII;

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram eight of the double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Fig. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a cylindrical alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Fig. 23 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a cylindrical alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Fig. 24 is a three-dimensional diagram of a cylindrical alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array;

Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating electrical machine;

Fig. 26 is a structural schematic diagram II of the rotating electrical machine;

Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of a unilateral composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device;

Fig. 28 is a structural schematic diagram II of a unilateral composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device;

Fig. 29 is a structural schematic diagram three of unilateral composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device;

Fig. 30 is a structural schematic diagram four of the unilateral composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device;

Fig. 31 is a structural schematic diagram of a double-sided compound permanent magnet electromagnetic device;

Fig. 32 is a distribution diagram of the magnetic force lines simulated by the finite element of the magnetic field of the unilateral composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device.

Among them: 1. Primary; 2. Magnet array; 3. Protruding iron at the groove; 4. Protruding iron at the tooth; 5. Yoke; 6. Circumferential thin slice; 7. Conductor; towards the magnet.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1 to 13, the cogged salient pole permanent magnet array is composed of at least one group of cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array units mounted sequentially, and the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array unit is composed of grooves convex Composed of iron 3, magnet array 2, and iron core, the iron core is provided with a groove, the two sides of the groove are teeth protruding iron 4, and the rest is yoke 5, and the groove protruding iron 3 is located in the middle of the groove and tightly The outer surface of the magnet array 2 is arranged, and the magnet array 2 is composed of at least one group of magnets around the groove mounted along the inner wall of the groove. The opposite magnetic poles are formed on the surface of the protruding iron 4 . The iron cores in the adjacent alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array units have an integral structure.

The section of the groove protruding iron shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is U-shaped; the section of the groove protruding iron 3 shown in Fig. 2 is rectangular, and the section of the groove protruding iron 3 shown in Fig. The cross section is trapezoidal, the section of the groove protruding iron 3 shown in Figure 5 is hexagonal, the cross section of the groove protruding iron 3 shown in Figure 6 is "convex" shape, the magnet array 2 and the fixed groove protruding iron 4 are The iron core groove and the convex iron 3 of the floating groove part are arranged in cooperation.

In Fig. 9, at least one open slot is provided on the tooth protruding iron 4 or the surface of the iron core tooth, and a normal magnet 9 is arranged or embedded in the opening slot, and the magnetic pole polarity on the surface of the normal magnet 9 is the same as that of the tooth protruding iron 4. The surface polarity is consistent. The shape of the normal magnet 9 is a rectangle or a trapezoid or a triangle or a "convex" shape or a flat semicircle or a flat arc or a combination thereof.

In Fig. 10, at least one magnetically permeable normal sheet 8 is connected between the bottom of the slot protruding iron 3 in the alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array and the yoke 5 below it, and the normal sheet 8 connects the magnet Array 2 bottom slot perimeter magnet split in half. In Fig. 11, at least one open small slot or semi-closed small slot or closed small slot is provided on the surface of the groove portion protrusion iron 3 and/or the tooth portion protrusion iron 4 in the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array, and in the small groove Embed conductors 7, and connect the lateral ends of the conductors 7 located in the same groove portion protruding iron 3 or tooth portion protruding iron 4 through (similar to the short-circuit ring at the end of a squirrel-cage rotary induction motor) conductive short-circuit strips or conductive connectors. into one.

The surface of the slot convex iron 3 and the tooth convex iron 4 in the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is laid or connected with a layer of continuously arranged circumferential slices 6, and each groove convex iron 3 and tooth convex iron The iron 4 is connected to each other as a whole, and the circumferential sheet 6 is a magnetically conductive sheet or a conductive sheet or a magnetically conductive and conductive composite sheet (as shown in Figure 12), or has at least one open or semi-closed or closed slot The magnetically conductive alveolar sheets, the small grooves are embedded with conductors 7, and the lateral ends of each conductor are connected into one body through conductive short-circuit strips or conductive connectors, as shown in Figure 13.

In Fig. 14-Fig. 21, the mirror image along the longitudinal axis of the yoke 5 forms a bilateral alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array, the longitudinal direction is the tangential direction or the movement direction of the iron core surface, the normal direction is the direction of the alveolar centerline, and the transverse direction is vertical in the longitudinal and normal directions.

The transverse ends of the above-mentioned groove protruding irons 3 and the tooth protruding irons 4 or the yoke 5 or the transverse ends of the tooth protruding irons 4 and the yoke 5 are integrated into one body through end support plates or connectors to form a unified tooth groove Salient pole permanent magnet composite array.

Fig. 22 and Fig. 23 are schematic structural diagrams of cylindrical alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite arrays. The cogged alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite arrays in Fig. 1 are combined around a longitudinal axis outside the yoke 5 The horizontal ends of the array are connected to form a cylindrical or tubular shape, forming a cylindrical or tubular alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array. The longitudinal direction is the tangential direction or the moving direction of the surface of the convex iron 4 at the tooth portion, and the normal direction is The direction of the center line of the protruding iron 4 at the tooth portion or the protruding iron 3 at the groove portion is the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the normal direction. Among them, Figure 22 is an axisymmetric cross-sectional view of a cylindrical cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array, Figure 23 is a three-dimensional partial cross-sectional view of a cylindrical cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array, and Figure 24 is a cylindrical cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permanent magnet composite array.

Fig. 25 and Fig. 26 are schematic diagrams of rotating electrical machines. In the figure, the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array in Fig. 1 is surrounded by a transverse axis outside the yoke 5, and the longitudinal ends of the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array are connected. Rolled into a circular ring, it becomes a rotating alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array. The longitudinal direction is the tangential direction or the moving direction of the tooth convex iron 4 surface, the normal direction is the direction of the alveolar centerline, and the transverse direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal and normal directions. direction. The rotating cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is matched with the corresponding stator or mover winding to form a cogged salient pole permanent magnet linear motor or a cogged salient pole permanent magnet rotary motor.

Figures 27-31 are schematic diagrams of the application of the composite permanent magnet electromagnetic device structure. In the figure, the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is used as the mover or stator, and cooperates with the corresponding stator or mover winding to form a unilateral composite permanent magnet. Magnetic electromagnetic device. Among them, Fig. 31 is a double-sided cogging salient pole permanent magnet linear motor, and the rest are unilateral cogging salient pole permanent magnet linear motors.

In the above embodiments, the magnets may be permanent magnets, superconducting magnets, or electric excitation magnets, depending on specific requirements. Generally speaking, strong magnetic permanent magnets made of NdFeB materials are preferred.

Fig. 32 is a finite element simulation magnetic field line distribution diagram of the unilateral cogged salient pole permanent magnet linear motor according to the present invention. In addition to a small amount of flux leakage in the area, the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array or the secondary internal area of the present invention has almost no flux leakage, so that the secondary permanent magnet main magnetic circuit can be theoretically nearly perfect, that is to say, the permanent magnet is in the There is almost no energy loss in the secondary internal area, and almost all of them are used to participate in primary and secondary electromechanical energy conversion. Therefore, the motor thrust of the present invention is greatly increased compared with ordinary hidden-pole or salient-pole permanent magnet linear motors. In this way, the long-term bottleneck problems that restrict engineering applications such as low output, high cost, and large volume of existing electromagnetic devices such as motors are solved, and a cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array with simple structure, high output, and high cost performance is provided. Slot Salient Pole Permanent Magnet Composite Electromagnetic Device.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical conception and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array, characterized in that: the cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array is composed of at least one group of cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite array units mounted sequentially, and the cogging salient pole permanent magnet composite The array unit is composed of groove protruding iron, magnet array, and iron core. Grooves are arranged on the iron core. Both sides of the groove are teeth protruding irons. It is arranged close to the outer surface of the magnet array. The magnet array is composed of at least one group of magnets around the groove mounted along the inner wall of the groove. Magnetic poles of opposite polarity are formed. 2 . The cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array according to claim 1 , wherein the iron cores in the adjacent cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array units have an integrated structure. 3 . 3. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the core groove is U-shaped or semicircular or rectangular or trapezoidal or sinusoidal or V-shaped or Triangular or rhombus or pentagonal or hexagonal or "concave" or "convex" or dovetail block. 4. A kind of alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one open slot is opened on the protruding iron of the tooth portion, and a normal magnet is arranged in the open slot, and the surface pole of the normal magnet is The polarity is consistent with the polarity of the convex iron surface of the teeth. 5. A permanent magnet composite array with alveolar salient poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one conductor is arranged on the protruding iron of the tooth part and/or the protruding iron of the groove part, and the lateral end of the conductor passes through the conductive The ring or the conductive sheet are connected as a whole. 6. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and electromagnetic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one cavity is provided on the protruding iron of the tooth portion and/or the protruding iron of the groove portion, and the cavity is provided with There are conductors, and the lateral ends of each conductor are connected into one body through conductive rings or conductive sheets; or a layer of circumferential thin sheets is laid or connected on the surface of the protruding iron at the tooth portion and/or the protruding iron at the groove portion, and the protruding iron at the tooth portion and the protruding iron at the groove portion are laid or connected. The protruding irons at the grooves are connected to each other as a whole, and the circumferential sheets are magnetically conductive sheets or conductive sheets or magnetically conductive and conductive composite sheets or magnetically conductive alveolar sheets with grooves, and conductors are embedded in the grooves, and the lateral ends of the conductors pass through conductive The ring or the conductive sheet are connected as a whole. 7. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and an electromagnetic device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that there are at least one set of groove protruding irons, tooth protruding irons and or yokes The two transverse ends of the two transverse ends are connected into one body through connecting pieces, and or at least one set of slot part convex iron bottom and the yoke part below it are connected into one body through at least one magnetically conductive normal thin piece to form a unified alveolar salient pole permanent magnet Composite array, the normal thin slice divides the magnet array around the convex iron in the groove or the magnet around the groove into two halves. 8 . The cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and the electromagnetic device according to claim 7 , wherein the magnets around the slots and the normal magnets are permanent magnets, superconducting magnets or electric exciters. 9. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and electromagnetic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array surrounds a longitudinal axis to combine the cogged salient pole permanent magnet The horizontal ends of the array are connected end to end and rolled into a cylindrical shape to form a cylindrical alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array. 10. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and electromagnetic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array combines the cogged salient pole permanent magnets along a transverse axis The longitudinal two ends of the array are connected end to end and rolled into a circle to form a rotating alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array. 11. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and an electromagnetic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: two cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite arrays are arranged face to face separately or arranged in the shape of "eight" and bilaterally Alveolar salient pole permanent magnet compound array, or set back to back to form a conjugate double-sided alveolar salient pole permanent magnet compound array. 12. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array and electromagnetic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: the lateral end connectors on both sides of the bilateral cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array are connected into one body , forming a U-shaped alveolar salient pole permanent magnet composite array. 13. A cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite electromagnetic device according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that: the cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite array is used as the secondary, and the corresponding The primary or slotted iron core or non-slotted iron core cooperates to form a cogged salient pole permanent magnet composite electromagnetic device.