CN204131350U - Bimorph transducer simplex winding vernier magneto - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor, which comprises: a rotor, which is in the shape of a ring, and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the ring body to generate an excitation magnetic field; The two stators are both cylindrical and arranged in a coaxial inner and outer sleeve, the rotor is coaxially sleeved between the two stators, and the inner peripheral wall of the outer stator 2 cylinder and the outer peripheral wall of the inner stator cylinder are opened. A plurality of grooves, the convex parts between the grooves form stator teeth, the number of grooves on the two stators is the same, and the stator teeth of the inner stator and the stator teeth of the outer stator 2 are separated by half a slot pitch in the circumferential direction It is characterized in that only the stator winding is arranged in the stator slot of one of the stators of the inner stator and the outer stator 2 . The utility model solves the problems of complex cooling structure, difficult heat dissipation and low reliability of the stator in the existing double-stator vernier motor by arranging windings only in the stator slot of one of the stators.

Description

Double stator single winding vernier permanent magnet motor

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of vernier motors, in particular to a vernier permanent magnet motor with double stators and single windings. the

Background technique

In the case of constant speed, the torque of the motor is related to its no-load back EMF. For a traditional motor, the number of pole pairs of the stator and the rotor is the same, and increasing the number of poles will reduce the flux linkage of the stator in the same proportion, so The no-load back EMF cannot be increased by increasing the number of poles. the

In recent years, the vernier machine has received more and more attention from the industry. The topological structure of this type of motor has the advantages of high power density and simple mechanical structure, and it is expected to be applied in large-scale engineering. As shown in Figure 1, the structure of the existing vernier motor is similar to that of ordinary permanent magnet motors, consisting of a rotor and a stator. It is several times the number of stator pole pairs. In the case of constant speed, more pole pairs of the rotor can increase the alternating frequency of the stator flux linkage. At the same time, the number of pole pairs of the stator is less so that the stator flux linkage will not decrease in the same proportion due to the increase of the number of rotor poles. This feature solves the problem of traditional motors. Increasing the number of pole pairs will reduce the problem of stator flux linkage in the same proportion, so that the product of flux linkage alternating frequency and stator flux linkage can be increased, thereby increasing the no-load back EMF, and increasing torque and power density. the

The main disadvantage of the existing vernier motor is its low power factor, which leads to an increase in the capacity required to drive the converter for a given output power, resulting in increased cost and reduced system reliability. The reason for the low power factor of the vernier permanent magnet motor is related to (the main flux linkage)/(the product of the motor inductance and the phase current), and the larger the ratio, the lower the power factor of the motor. Compared with the traditional motor, the vernier motor rotor has a large number of poles, which is close to the number of teeth. It can be seen from Figure 1 that a large amount of magnetic flux passes through the air gap from the magnetic pole directly through the stator teeth, and then returns to the other magnetic pole without contact with the stator winding. Cross-linking, so it belongs to the leakage flux, which makes the leakage flux of the permanent magnet greatly increase compared with the ordinary motor. At the same time, when one of the adjacent permanent magnets faces the stator teeth and the other faces the stator slot, the magnetic circuit formed by the adjacent permanent magnets has a large reluctance, resulting in a very low main magnetic flux, so the existing vernier motor has a very low power factor . In fact, in the case of using an electric load similar to that of the traditional permanent magnet motor, the power factor of the vernier motor in the prior art can be as low as 0.2-0.3, while the power factor of the traditional permanent magnet motor can reach above 0.90. the

CN103178668A discloses a motor with a radial magnetic field double stator structure, as shown in FIG. 2 . The structure consists of two stators and a rotor 3'. The rotor 3' is in the middle of the outer stator 2' and the inner stator 5'. The three are concentric shafts. The topology contains double air gaps. The stator winding adopts single-phase or multi-phase winding, (Figure 2 only draws the effective part of the winding 3', and the end is not drawn); the rotor permanent magnet 1' adopts built-in, tangentially magnetized, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 1' The direction is shown by the arrow, and the inner and outer stators have the same number of stator poles and slots, and there are various combinations of stator and rotor poles and stator slots. In the above motor structure, the teeth of the inner stator and the teeth of the outer stator 2' differ by half a slot pitch angle in the circumferential direction, that is, the teeth of the inner stator are opposite to the slots of the outer stator 2'. And because the number of rotor pole pairs is similar to the number of stator teeth, the inner stator teeth and the outer stator 2' teeth are respectively opposite to the adjacent pole shoes, as shown in Figure 2, and the adjacent permanent magnets 1' simultaneously 'face' the magnetic resistance is small The magnetic flux generated by the adjacent magnetic poles will enter the inner and outer stators respectively, which greatly reduces the leakage magnetic flux. In addition, the magnet placement method can also realize the magnetic concentration effect, which greatly improves the main magnetic flux, thereby increasing the power. factor. the

However, it is difficult to dissipate heat from the inner stator 5' of this double-stator vernier permanent magnet motor, especially the water-cooled double-stator vernier permanent magnet motor, which has a complex cooling structure for the inner stator 5'. In addition, the long end of the inner stator winding 6' complicates the mechanical structure of the rotor support and reduces its reliability. In actual engineering, it is found that the unreliability of the rotor support structure directly increases the difficulty of assembly and greatly increases the failure rate of the entire motor. the

Utility model content

Aiming at the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the utility model provides a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor, which solves the problem of the existing double-stator vernier motor by setting the winding in the stator slot of one of the stators. The sub-cooling structure is complicated, the heat dissipation is difficult, and the reliability is not high. the

According to one aspect of the present utility model, a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor is provided, including:

The rotor is in the shape of a ring, and a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the ring to generate an excitation magnetic field;

Two stators with different diameters. The two stators are cylindrical and arranged coaxially inside and outside. The rotor is coaxially sleeved between the two stators. The inner peripheral wall of the outer stator cylinder and the inner stator There are multiple grooves on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder, and the protruding parts between the grooves form stator teeth. Half the slot pitch angle upwards;

It is characterized in that the stator winding is only arranged in the stator slot of one of the inner stator and the outer stator. the

As an improvement of the present utility model, the stator teeth of the inner stator are arranged opposite to the grooves of the outer stator. the

As an improvement of the utility model, antimagnetic materials (such as superconducting blocks) can be added into the stator slots of the motor without windings to enhance its magnetic field modulation effect. the

As an improvement of the utility model, the permanent magnets are separated by pole shoes, and the pole shoes are connected by silicon steel bridges or non-magnetic materials. the

As an improvement of the utility model, the rotor is integrally formed, and the permanent magnets are housed in grooves arranged circumferentially on the rotor. the

As an improvement of the utility model, the outer stator is fixed on the casing, and the inner stator is fixed by a stationary shaft or a frame arm. the

As an improvement of the utility model, the rotor rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the torque tube arranged on the rotating shaft through an axial screw. the

As an improvement of the utility model, the torque tube is a cantilever structure with one end fixed on the rotating shaft or a structure in which one end is fixed on the rotating shaft and the other end is relatively rotatably fixed and supported on a stationary shaft through a bearing. the

According to another aspect of the present utility model, an application of the above-mentioned double-stator vernier motor in a wind power generation system or a ship power system is provided. the

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The utility model improves the excitation magnetic field of the permanent magnet through the rotor magnetization method, improves the power factor, and further improves the torque density. While overcoming the low power factor problem of the existing single-stator single-rotor vernier permanent magnet motor, it solves the problem of The existing double-stator vernier permanent magnet motor has the problems of complex structure and difficult heat dissipation of the inner stator, and has great practical potential. After adopting the radial magnetic field double-stator single-winding structure, the power factor is significantly improved and can reach above 0.8 when the torque density is similar to that of the traditional vernier motor. At the same time, the inner stator of the motor does not need a special cooling method. the

(2) The utility model cancels one of the stator windings, and only one stator winding is reserved, and the stator alveolar structure is retained, which only plays the role of magnetic field modulation. First of all, the cooling structure can be made simpler, and the difficulty of embedding wires is also reduced. Secondly, the utility model motor can directly adopt the cooling structure of the traditional motor, which is simple and mature, and can give full play to the torque output capacity of the motor. Research shows that under the same volume, the output torque of the double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor can reach that of the traditional motor. three times. At the same time, because there is no stator winding, the processing technology is simplified, and because there is no need to consider the space occupied by the inner stator winding, it is easy to realize the bilateral support structure of the rotor, which greatly increases the reliability of the structure. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional vernier motor. the

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-stator vernier motor in the prior art. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a dual-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor in which the outer stator windings are canceled and the inner fixed windings are reserved according to an embodiment of the utility model. the

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a dual-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor with superconducting blocks 5 added to the inner stator according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic force lines of a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. ;

Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Fig. 8(a)-(d) are schematic diagrams of the mechanical structure of multiple double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motors according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The following examples are only used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute an explanation limit. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute conflicts with each other. the

As shown in FIG. 3 , the dual-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor of the embodiment of the present invention is composed of an outer stator 2 , a rotor 3 and an inner stator 5 . Wherein, the two stators are coaxially sleeved, the rotor 3 is coaxially sleeved between the two stators, and the permanent magnet 1 is tangentially magnetized and embedded in the rotor core. The outer stator 2 has an armature winding 4, and the inner stator 5 has no winding and only plays the role of forming a magnetic circuit. The teeth of the inner stator 5 and the outer stator 2 differ by half a slot pitch angle in the circumferential direction, that is, the 5 teeth of the inner stator are opposite to the slots of the outer stator 2, and because the number of poles of the rotor 3 is similar to the number of teeth of the stator, the inner stator 5 teeth The 2 teeth of the outer stator are respectively opposite to the adjacent 3 pole shoes of the rotor. As shown in Figure 3, the adjacent permanent magnet 1 'faces' the stator teeth with small reluctance at the same time, and the magnetic flux generated by the adjacent magnetic poles will enter the inner and outer poles respectively. The two stators greatly reduce the leakage magnetic flux. In addition, the magnet placement method is used to realize the magnetic concentration effect, which greatly improves the main magnetic flux and improves the power factor. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic force lines of a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

In this embodiment, the rotor permanent magnet 1 is preferably built-in and tangentially magnetized. The inner and outer stators preferably have the same number of stator poles and slots. There can be multiple combinations of stator and rotor poles and stator slots. In this embodiment The vernier motor in Figure 3 preferably has 44 rotor poles, 4 stator poles and 24 slots. the

The magnetic circuit of adjacent magnetic poles of the vernier motor in this embodiment is as follows: first, the yoke of the inner stator 5 passes through the teeth of the inner stator 5, then passes through the air gap between the inner stator 5 and the rotor 3, and then passes through the pole shoe and The air gap between the outer stator 2 and the rotor 3, and the teeth of the outer stator 3 to the yoke of the outer stator 3. the

The inner stator 5 is surrounded by the rotor 3, and the heat source of the inner stator 5 can only be transferred to the rotor 3 through the inner air gap, and then transferred to the outer stator 2 through the outer air gap, and finally dissipates heat through the casing 10, so it is very difficult for the inner stator 5 to dissipate heat , if the cooling channel of the inner stator 5 is not installed, it is easy to cause the temperature rise of the inner stator 5 to exceed the standard, while the temperature rise of the outer stator 2 has a large margin. In order to meet the temperature rise requirements, the electrical load has to be reduced and the performance of the motor is sacrificed. If the inner stator 5 cooling channels are added, the structural complexity will be greatly increased and the overall reliability of the motor will be reduced. the

This double stator single winding structure is adopted, which cleverly utilizes the common magnetic circuit of the outer stator 2 and the inner stator 5, and the same electric load is the same as the ability of the outer stator 2 and inner stator 5 to generate torque under the action of the magnetic field, and the inner stator is removed Winding 6 transfers the electrical load of the inner stator winding 6 to the outer stator 2, ensuring that the single winding of the double stator has the same or even higher electrical load than the existing double winding scheme (the outer stator is easier to dissipate heat), which also guarantees the overall torque The output capacity remains unchanged or even increased, and the copper loss of the inner stator 5 is eliminated at the same time, which is equivalent to eliminating the main heat source of the inner stator 5 (the proportion of iron loss is relatively small, and the allowable temperature rise of the ferromagnetic medium is also relatively high), so that The problem that the overall performance is lowered due to the difficulty in heat dissipation of the inner stator 5 is solved. the

As shown in Figure 4, the motor in the utility model can also adopt the mode of canceling the outer stator winding and retaining the inner stator winding 6. The inner stator 5 has an armature winding 6, and the outer stator 2 has no winding and only plays the role of forming a magnetic circuit. The teeth of the inner stator 5 and the outer stator 2 differ by half a slot pitch angle in the circumferential direction, that is, the teeth of the inner stator 5 are opposite to the slots of the outer stator 2, and because the number of poles of the rotor 3 is similar to the number of teeth of the stator, the teeth of the inner stator 5 and the teeth of the outer stator are similar to each other. The 2 teeth of the outer stator are respectively opposite to the adjacent 3 pole pieces of the rotor. the

As shown in Figure 5, in another embodiment of the present utility model, antimagnetic material 7 (such as superconducting bulk material 7) can also be added in the stator slot of the stator without winding (in this embodiment, in the inner stator 5) ) to enhance its magnetic field modulation effect. the

Fig. 8(a)-(d) is the mechanical structure of the double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to the embodiment of the utility model. Stator vernier permanent magnet motors contain twin stators and a rotor. Figure 8(a)-(d) shows four schematic mechanical structures, but the utility model is not limited to these mechanical structures, and other similar structures are also within the protection scope of the utility model. the

Figure 8(a) is a cantilever beam structure, the rotor 3 and the torque tube 9 are connected by axial screws, the torque tube 9 is in the form of a cantilever beam, the outer stator 2 is fixed on the casing 10, and the inner stator 5 passes through the support frame Fixedly arranged on the stationary shaft 8. In Figure 8(b), there are supports on both sides of the rotor in the axial direction, that is, the rotor 3 is connected by axial screws through the torque tube 9 and then fixed by the support frames at both ends of the axial direction, the outer stator 2 is fixed on the casing 10, and the inner stator 2 The child 5 is fixedly arranged on the stationary shaft 8 by a support frame. In Fig. 8(c), the inner stator 5 is placed on the stationary shaft 8, and the stationary shaft 8 is fixedly arranged on the casing 10. At this time, no stationary shaft is needed, and the rotor structure is similar to Fig. 8(a). The stator structure in Fig. 8(d) is the same as that in Fig. 8(a). The effective part of the rotor 3 is connected with the torque tube 9 through the pressure of two bearings, and there is no need to drill bolt holes on the pole shoes of the rotor 3 in this structure. the

As an electromechanical energy conversion device, the generation of motor torque can be attributed to the interaction between the stator's rotating magnetic field and the rotor's magnetic field to drive the rotor to rotate (motor). In order to generate constant torque, the number of poles of the two rotating magnetic fields must be the same. The vernier motor can realize its function only if the sum of the pole pairs of the stator and rotor is equal to the number of slots. Specifically, the magnetic field generated by the rotor permanent magnet 1 interacts with the stator slots to generate many harmonics of the magnetic field. In the magnetic field, the harmonic magnetic field with the same number of poles as the stator has a large content. At this time, the harmonic magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the stator to generate a constant torque, thereby realizing power generation. the

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and modifications made within the spirit and principles of the utility model Improvements and the like should all be included within the protection scope of the present utility model. the

Claims (8)

1. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor, including: The rotor (3) is in the shape of a ring, and a plurality of permanent magnets (1) are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the ring to generate an excitation magnetic field; The stators (2, 5) are two with different diameters, the two stators are both cylindrical and arranged in a coaxial inner and outer sleeve, the rotor (3) is coaxially sleeved between the two stators, and the outer stator ( 2) There are multiple grooves on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder and the outer peripheral wall of the inner stator (5). The protruding parts between the grooves form stator teeth. The stator teeth of the sub (5) and the stator teeth of the outer stator (2) are separated by half a slot pitch angle in the circumferential direction; It is characterized in that the stator winding (6) is only arranged in the stator slot of one of the inner stator (5) and the outer stator (2). the 2. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator teeth of the inner stator (5) are arranged opposite to the grooves of the outer stator (2). the 3. A dual-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein antimagnetic materials (7) can be added into the stator slots of the motor without windings to enhance its magnetic field modulation effect. the 4. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the permanent magnets are separated by pole pieces, and each pole piece is connected by a silicon steel bridge or a non-magnetic material . the 5. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the rotor (3) is integrally formed, and the permanent magnet (1) is housed in the rotor (3) ) in the groove set in the upper direction. the 6. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the outer stator (2) is fixed on the casing, and the inner stator (5) passes through the stationary The shaft or frame arm is fixed. the 7. A kind of double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, the rotor (3) rotating shaft is connected with the torque tube (9) arranged on the rotating shaft through an axial screw ) fixed connection. the 8. A double-stator single-winding vernier permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, wherein the torque tube (9) is a cantilever structure with one end fixed on the rotating shaft or one end fixed on the rotating shaft and the other end passing through Bearings can relatively rotatably fix a structure supported on a stationary shaft. the