CN105379683A - Artificial breeding method of gelechiid moths - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for artificially raising wheat moths, which comprises the following three stages: an egg mass collection stage at an adult stage, a feeding stage at a larval stage and a pupa stage, and a feeding stage at an adult stage. The present invention utilizes: 1. adults have the habit of climbing upwards and tending to lay eggs in gaps. By providing suitable gaps and capping filter paper, the egg masses of wheat moths are collected, which is convenient for accurate statistics of the daily egg production and unit number of wheat moths. The amount of eggs laid by females; the method of collecting egg masses effectively avoids damage to the egg masses; ②The hatched larvae have the habit of spinning and drooping, and they can be directly inserted into the finger tube by hanging silk with a brush, which can effectively avoid damage to the egg masses during the inoculation process. Injury to newly hatched larvae; ③ During the feeding process of larvae and pupae, fully transparent finger-shaped single-pass glass tubes and corresponding feed and sealing technology were selected, which can better satisfy researchers' tracking of wheat moth larvae and pupae Observed.

Description

A kind of wheat moth artificial breeding method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for raising animals, in particular to a method for artificially raising wheat moths.

Background technique

Wheat moths belong to the order Lepidoptera, the family Wheat Mothidae, and the genus Wheat Moth. The insect can harm a variety of food crops, such as rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, etc., as many as 19 species, with multiple generations in a year, harming the grain germ and seriously affecting its germination ability. Most of them are bored into empty shells, with an average loss of about 13.1%-24%. They are important stored grain pests. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the wheat moth, but because the living place of the insect is hidden, the research on its biological characteristics is not perfect, especially the growth and development process of the wheat moth is not very clear, which affects the effective control of the wheat moth .

At present, various natural enemy insects, such as Trichogramma, ladybug, golden wasp, etc., have reported that wheat moth eggs are used as live feed. Therefore, exploring a simple method of collecting wheat moth eggs can lay a foundation for the research on the indoor breeding and breeding of natural enemy insects. Wheat moth is one of the three important worldwide stored grain pests, and it is also a good alternative host for feeding natural enemy insects. In order to control and utilize wheat moth more effectively, grasp the growth and development process and biological characteristics of wheat moth, Indoor breeding of wheat moth has important theoretical and practical significance. The wheat moth is a complete metamorphosis insect, and its life cycle includes four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Adults are small (body length 0.4-0.6cm), soft, and tend to lay eggs in hidden crevices; newly hatched larvae enter the corn kernels directly from the base or damage of the corn caryopsis to feed and cause damage until the adults emerge. The feathering holes are drilled out. Both the larval and pupal stages of the wheat moth live in grains, and its growth and development cannot be observed. If observation is required, it can only be observed by cutting open grains. At present, the observation and collection methods of wheat moths include steps such as egg mass collection, larval feeding observation, and pupal stage feeding observation. Wherein, the egg mass collection includes the following steps: 1. Take a container with grain seeds or an empty container, and insert it into the same day's eclosion. Adults (≤24h); 2. Adult wheat moths lay eggs directly on the inner wall of the container or on the surface of the grain, pass inspection every day, and use a brush to brush off the first-laid egg masses attached to the inner wall of the container and the grain; 3. Wait for the adult wheat moth to lay eggs 4. Cut the filter paper into long strips, fold it multiple times in a "Z" shape, put it into a container, and change the filter paper strips every day to collect the daily eggs of wheat moths (within 24 hours) ), count the daily oviposition of wheat moth and single female oviposition; 5. Collect the adults of wheat moth in the container, seal it with gauze, put it upside down on the paper, and change the paper every day to collect the first egg mass. In the above method of collecting egg masses, the eggs are easy to cause mechanical damage, which affects their development and hatching, is also not conducive to the oviposition of wheat moths, and cannot accurately record the amount of eggs laid by adults; the feeding observation of larvae includes: placing a paper with a certain number of egg masses The slices are put into a container containing grain for raising. If it is necessary to observe the growth and development of the larvae, it is necessary to cut open the grains with the larvae. The feeding observation at the pupal stage includes: cutting open the grains and observing the growth and development of the pupae. At present, this feeding method has the following defects: due to the observation of the growth and development of wheat moth larvae and pupae, it is necessary to cut open grains, which destroys the living environment of wheat moth larvae and pupae or damages the insect body, affects the growth and development of wheat moth, and thus affects the growth and development of wheat moth. The accuracy of the experimental data.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a direct, simple and easy method for collecting wheat moth egg masses without mechanical damage to the collected egg masses. During the feeding process of larvae and pupae, fully transparent finger-shaped single-pass glass tubes and corresponding feed and sealing technology were selected to make the growth and development process of larvae and pupae with relatively secretive living habits "perspective" and better performance. Satisfies researchers' tracking observations of wheat moth larvae and pupae.

A method for raising wheat moths artificially, comprising the following steps:

1. Egg mass collection in the adult stage

Select 5 pairs of paired adults that emerged on the same day, insert them into an octagonal bottle with a diameter of 9 cm and a height of 15 cm, seal it with gauze, and place the bottle mouth upwards. Outside the octagonal bottle, add a sheet of diameter 12.5cm filter paper, and then put a large petri dish with a diameter of 12 cm on the top of the filter paper, collect and count the eggs of the day;

2. Feeding in larval stage and pupal stage

(1) Choose a fully transparent finger-shaped single-pass glass tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 3 cm, sterilize it in an oven at 120 ° C, take it out after 2 hours, and put it into an artificial tube with a size of 1.5-2 mm after the glass tube is cooled. Feed 0.01-0.05g, and insert silk-spun larvae into the finger tube with a brush;

(2) Seal the mouth of the finger tube with Parafilm, puncture fine ventilation holes on the parafilm, and then press a circular tissue paper with a diameter of 2cm on the parafilm to make the tissue stick to the parafilm Put it into 27 ℃, relative humidity is 75%, within 24 hours a day, turn on the light and light time: turn off the light and dark time is 12:12 to raise in the artificial climate box;

(3) The behavior and growth and development process of wheat moth larvae and pupae can be observed at any time or at regular intervals through the finger tube;

(4) After the larvae grow and develop to the 3rd instar, add 0.1g feed again, and select cotton plug to replace Parafilm sealing film and tissue paper to plug the finger-shaped nozzle;

3. Adult feeding

When the wheat moth reared in the finger tube emerges, take out the adults immediately, put them into an octagonal bottle according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1:1, put them in a relative humidity of 75%, and turn on the light within 24 hours a day. Time: Turn off the lights and dark time is 12:12 in the artificial climate box, supplement nutrition with 10% honey water.

Further, in the artificial breeding method of wheat moth as described above, the specification of the gauze is 40 mesh.

Further, in the above-mentioned artificial breeding method of wheat moths, in the step of collecting egg masses at the adult stage, the steps include: selecting a small petri dish with a diameter of 3.5 cm, covering the dish with absorbent cotton, pouring honey water with a concentration of 10%, Make the absorbent cotton completely infiltrated and in a saturated state, then put the petri dish into an octagonal bottle to supplement nutrition for the adults, and replace the small petri dish with honey water every day.

Beneficial effect:

1. It can provide a direct, simple and easy method of collecting egg masses, and this method will not cause mechanical damage to the collected egg masses;

2. It can accurately record the daily egg production and single female egg production of wheat moth;

3. Can intuitively and directly observe the growth and development process of the egg stage, larval stage and pupal stage of wheat moth;

4. It can be extended and applied to the research of boring stored grain pests. Such as: corn elephant, etc.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention improves the method of daily egg mass collection. Utilizing the habit of adults climbing up and tending to lay eggs in gaps, the egg masses of wheat moths were collected by pressing the filter paper, which is also convenient for accurate statistics of the daily egg production and single female egg production of wheat moths; the egg masses were collected with filter paper The method avoids damage to the egg mass, and the larvae after hatching utilize the habit of spinning and drooping to be convenient for inserting into the finger tube.

The present invention provides feed traits, containers and sealing techniques for single-head feeding of wheat moths. The sealing technology can prevent the larvae from lack of food due to tending to the gap, resulting in accidental death; the properties of the feed and the container used allow researchers to observe the growth and development of the entire larval and pupal stages, and also provide a basis for the study of other borer pests. in accordance with.

One, a kind of wheat moth artificial breeding method, this method comprises the following steps:

1. Egg mass collection in the adult stage: Select 5 pairs of healthy adults that emerged on the same day and put them into the octagonal bottle, use 40-mesh gauze to seal, and place the bottle mouth upwards; outside the octagonal bottle, put a cover on the sealed gauze filter paper, and then put a petri dish with a diameter of 12 cm on the top of the filter paper, with the mouth of the petri dish facing up, and the bottom of the dish is close to the filter paper, so that the filter paper and gauze can be relatively flat and close together, and can effectively prevent The filter paper slides and vibrates; the place where the filter paper and the gauze are in contact is the gap artificially provided for the laying eggs of the wheat moth female. By changing the filter paper regularly every day, the number of egg masses and egg grains on the filter paper can be collected and counted;

2. Feeding in larval stage and pupal stage

(1) Choose a fully transparent finger-shaped single-pass glass tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 3 cm, sterilize it in an oven at 120 ° C, take it out after 2 hours, and put it into an artificial tube with a size of 1.5-2 mm after the glass tube is cooled. Feed 0.01-0.05g, and insert silk-spun larvae into the finger tube with a brush;

(2) Seal the mouth of the finger tube with Parafilm sealing film, then pierce the ventilation micropores on the film, and then cover the circular tissue paper with a diameter of 2cm on the sealing film so that the tissue paper sticks to the sealing film On the one hand, it can not only effectively meet the aeration of young larvae, but also effectively prevent the escape of larvae. Put it into 27 ℃, relative humidity is 75%, within 24 hours a day, turn on the light and light time: turn off the light and dark time is 12:12 to raise in the artificial climate box;

(3) The behavior and growth and development process of wheat moth larvae and pupae can be observed at any time or at regular intervals through the finger tube;

(4) After the larvae grow and develop to the 3rd instar, add 0.1g feed again, and select cotton plug to replace Parafilm sealing film and tissue paper to plug the finger-shaped nozzle;

(5) During the rearing process of larval and pupal stages, if there is a need for experiments, single-tube single-head feeding (each glass tube is connected to only one healthy newly hatched larva) can be used for researchers to collect relevant "data".

3. Feeding in the adult stage

When the wheat moth reared in the finger tube emerges, take out the adults immediately, put them into an octagonal bottle according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1:1, put them in a relative humidity of 75%, and turn on the light within 24 hours a day. Time: Turn off the lights and dark time is 12:12 in the artificial climate box, supplement nutrition with 10% honey water.

In the adult egg mass collection step,

(1) Choose a petri dish with a diameter of 3.5 cm, spread absorbent cotton in the dish, pour honey water with a concentration of 10%, so that the absorbent cotton is completely soaked and saturated, and then put the petri dish into an octagonal bottle (the specification of the octagonal bottle: d=9cm, h=15cm) to supplement nutrition for adults, change the petri dish with honey water every day;

(2) Select healthy 5 pairs of adults (≤24h) that emerged on the same day and put them into an octagonal bottle, and seal it with a gauze of about 40 mesh. Because the wheat moth has the habit of inserting its ovipositor into the gauze to lay eggs, a piece of filter paper with a diameter of 12.5 cm is covered with a petri dish on the gauze at the mouth of the bottle, and the filter paper can be replaced every day, and the data collected and counted on the day egg mass.

2. Feeding in larval stage and pupal stage

(1) Select a fully transparent finger-shaped tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 3 cm, put it in an oven at 120 ° C for sterilization, take it out after 2 hours, and put it into artificial feed with a size of about 1.5-2 mm after the glass tube is cooled. (about 0.02g), according to wheat moth larvae have the habit of spinning and drooping, put the silk-spinning larva hanging silk into the finger tube with a writing brush, to avoid the writing brush from directly contacting the larvae and causing damage;

(2) Use a parafilm with a size of 1.5cm*1.5cm, pierce the air holes on the parafilm with a microneedle, press a circular tissue paper with a diameter of 2cm on the parafilm, and use a little force to make the tissue stick On the parafilm, put them into an artificial climate chamber at 27°C, RH=75%, L:D=12:12;

(3) Through the finger-shaped tube, we can observe that the larva spins silk and sticks the feed to the inner wall of the finger-shaped tube, and the larvae hide between the tube wall and the food. It is very convenient to observe the growth and development process of the wheat moth larvae and pupae;

(4) After the 3rd instar larvae, the upper jaw of the mouthparts becomes very developed, and their food intake increases significantly, and it is easy to bite through the sealing film and tissue paper to escape. Therefore, when the larvae enter the 3rd instar, add 0.1g of feed , and seal with a tampon.

Example 1:

Use this method:

①In August 2014, 5 pairs of paired adults (≤24h) that emerged on the same day were selected, put into an octagonal bottle filled with 10% honey water absorbent cotton, sealed with a gauze of about 40 mesh, and covered with a gauze outside the bottle mouth. A piece of filter paper with a diameter of 12.5 cm is placed on top of the filter paper and covered with a petri dish (the diameter of the petri dish is 12 cm) to collect and count the ovum mass on the same day.

②Put the filter paper with the egg mass into the artificial climate box (breeding conditions: 27°C, relative humidity: 75%, within 24 hours a day, turn on the light and light time: turn off the light and dark time is 12:12), and cultivate until the 7th day. Day, about 90% of the larvae hatch. Use a writing brush to hold the silk spitting out of the newly hatched larvae and put them into glass finger tubes filled with feed (1 larva per tube, 40 tubes in total), and seal with Parafilm and facial tissue. Put them into an artificial climate box and continue to raise them.

③Observe and record the behavior, growth and development of larvae regularly every day.

④Around the 32nd day, when the larvae develop to the 3rd instar, add 0.1g of feed to the finger tube, and replace the parafilm and tissue paper with a cotton plug.

⑤ Observation records that on the 47th day, the larvae pupated, and on the 52nd day, the pupae emerged into adults.

Example 2:

In September 2014, the content of Example 1 was repeated.

Example 3:

In October, 2014, the content of embodiment 1 was repeated again.

The results are shown in Table 1

Table 1

in conclusion:

(1) Through this method, a large number of required egg masses can be collected to meet the needs of various related experiments and experiments; the daily egg production and single female egg production of the wheat moth can be accurately counted, and the error rate of the results is compared with the actual results Much lower than previous methods, with a higher accuracy.

(2) By this method, the whole generation of wheat moth can be completely completed, (the generation of wheat moth is exactly the whole life of wheat moth, and its whole life has experienced: egg, larva, pupa, adult four worm states).

(3) Through the feeding method of perspective, during the feeding process of the wheat moth, the behavior and growth and development process of eggs, larvae, pupa, and adults of the wheat moth can be observed at any time or at regular intervals, which is convenient for observing and recording the morphology, Behavioral and ecological characteristics are what the predecessors failed to do.

(4) This method provides a reliable reference for the breeding and related research of borer pests. Such as: corn elephants, mung bean elephants, etc.

Remark:

Parafilm Parafilm

Brand: American Parafilm

Product name: Parafilm sealing film

Item No.: PM-996

Packing specification: 100mm*38M

Price: 139 yuan/roll

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. The method of collecting egg masses has been improved, which is simpler and easier to implement than previous methods, and the statistics of daily egg production and single female egg production are more accurate;

2. Reduced mechanical damage to egg masses and newly hatched larvae;

3. Propose a more effective "perspective" method of raising larvae and pupae, as well as the materials and containers used for raising them. The method is easy to operate, and the method can not only observe the larvae of different ages of the wheat moth, but also observe the pupation and pupal development process, and also observe the whole process of eclosion. It breaks the previous phenomenon that insects can only be seen by dissecting grains, and effectively fills in the "perspective" observation gap of "pupation", "eclosion" and other processes.

The present invention utilizes the habit of adults to climb up and tend to lay eggs in gaps, and collects egg masses of wheat moths by providing suitable gaps and capping filter paper, so as to facilitate accurate statistics of daily egg production and single female production of wheat moths. The amount of eggs; this method of collecting egg masses effectively avoids damage to the egg masses. After hatching, the larvae have the habit of spinning and drooping. Using a brush to hang silk and directly inoculate the worms into the finger tube can effectively avoid the impact of the inoculation process on the newly hatched eggs. Injury to larvae; the present invention provides feed traits, containers and sealing technology for raising wheat moths through perspective observation and single-head perspective observation. The sealing technology can prevent larvae from lacking food due to tending to gaps, resulting in accidental death; the traits of feed and the used The container allows researchers to observe the growth and development of feeders throughout the larval and pupal stages, and also provides a reference for the study of other borer pests.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a wheat moth artificial breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1. Egg mass collection in the adult stage Select 5 pairs of paired adults that emerged on the same day, insert them into an octagonal bottle with a diameter of 9 cm and a height of 15 cm, seal it with gauze, and place the bottle mouth upwards. Outside the octagonal bottle, add a sheet of diameter 12.5cm filter paper, and then put a large petri dish with a diameter of 12 cm on the top of the filter paper, collect and count the eggs of the day; 2. Feeding in larval stage and pupal stage (1) Choose a fully transparent finger-shaped single-pass glass tube with a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 3 cm, sterilize it in an oven at 120 ° C, take it out after 2 hours, and put it into an artificial tube with a size of 1.5-2 mm after the glass tube is cooled. Feed 0.01-0.05g, and insert silk-spun larvae into the finger tube with a brush; (2) Use Parafilm sealing film to seal the nozzle of the finger tube, then make fine ventilation holes on the sealing film, and then cover the circular tissue paper with a diameter of 2cm on the sealing film so that the tissue paper sticks to the surface of the sealing film. Put it on the sealing film, put it into 27 ℃, the relative humidity is 75%, within 24 hours a day, turn on the light and light time: turn off the light and dark time is 12:12 to raise in the artificial climate box; (3) The behavior and growth and development process of wheat moth larvae and pupae can be observed at any time or at regular intervals through the finger tube; (4) After the larvae grow and develop to the 3rd instar, add 0.1g feed again, and select cotton plug to replace Parafilm sealing film and tissue paper to plug the finger-shaped nozzle; 3. Adult feeding When the wheat moth reared in the finger tube emerges, take out the adults immediately, put them into an octagonal bottle according to the ratio of male to female ratio of 1:1, put them in a relative humidity of 75%, and turn on the light within 24 hours a day. Time: Turn off the lights and dark time is 12:12 in the artificial climate box, supplement nutrition with 10% honey water. 2. The artificial breeding method of wheat moth according to claim 1, characterized in that, the specification of the gauze is 40 orders. 3. the wheat moth artificial breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the described adult stage ovum collection step, comprises: select the small petri dish that diameter is 3.5cm for use, spread absorbent cotton in the dish, pour concentration is 10% honey water makes the absorbent cotton fully infiltrate and is in a saturated state, then put the petri dish into an octagonal bottle to supplement nutrition for the adults, and replace the small petri dish with honey water every day.