CN105364694A - Machining method for smoothing and removing burrs on surfaces of workpieces based on shear thickening mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The workpiece surface smoothing and deburring processing method based on the shear thickening mechanism comprises the following steps: (1) fixing the workpiece with burrs to be processed on the workpiece holder, adding processing fluid to the processing pool, and removing the burrs from the workpiece to be processed. The processed surface of the burr is immersed in the processing fluid; (2) Start the turntable drive mechanism and the workpiece fixture drive mechanism at the same time, a relative movement is formed between the workpiece and the processing fluid, and the workpiece exerts a shear force on the processing fluid, so that the shear thickening process The shear thickening phenomenon occurs when the fluid is subjected to the shear force, and the shear thickening phenomenon becomes more obvious as the rotating speed of the workpiece increases, so that the viscosity of the machining fluid increases sharply, and instantly presents a "solid" characteristic. The position of the burr on the surface forms a flexible "fixed abrasive", and the abrasive grains have a micro-cutting effect on the burr on the raised part of the workpiece surface, and the burr on the workpiece surface is removed. The invention has good deburring effect, wide application range and low cost.

Description

Workpiece Surface Finishing and Deburring Processing Method Based on Shear Thickening Mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the field of precision machining, in particular to a method for smoothing and deburring the surface of a workpiece.

Background technique

In the machining of material removal, the plastic deformation of the workpiece material caused by the removal of material force, and the protrusions protruding from the two adjacent surfaces of the workpiece are called burrs. The deburring process in finishing belongs to the category of workpiece surface finishing, and is generally the final finishing process in the part manufacturing process. Therefore, the deburring process in finishing machining not only needs to remove the burrs on the surface of the workpiece, but also maintain a good surface quality of the workpiece; of course, it is best to improve the surface quality of the workpiece. Therefore, the deburring processing method that not only has good deburring effect, high processing efficiency, wide application range, and low implementation cost, but also can greatly improve the surface quality of the workpiece is an ideal deburring processing method.

At present, foreign countries have studied the burring problem from the perspective of system engineering, and established the "World Deburring Association" to vigorously implement the "burring project". Common deburring methods include vibration deburring, rolling deburring, electrochemical deburring Deburring method, shaking cylinder flashing deburring method, chemical deburring method, thermal energy deburring method, extrusion honing deburring method, jet deburring method, these deburring methods have more or less disadvantages and are not ideal.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of poor deburring effect, low processing efficiency, narrow application range and high cost of existing deburring processing methods, the present invention provides a method for surface finishing and deburring of workpieces, which not only has deburring effect Good, high processing efficiency, wide application range, low implementation cost, and can greatly improve the surface quality of the workpiece.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A surface finishing and deburring processing method based on a shear thickening mechanism, using a non-Newtonian fluid containing abrasives and having a shear thickening effect as a processing fluid; during processing, the workpiece moves relative to the processing fluid, and shear is applied to the processing fluid Cutting force until the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are removed to obtain the product.

In the above-mentioned surface finishing and deburring processing method based on the shear thickening mechanism, the material of the workpiece is ordinary steel, medium carbon steel, alloy steel, bearing steel, stainless steel or spring steel.

Further, the processing liquid is composed of 20-40 parts of polyhydroxy aldehyde high polymer, 35-50 parts of abrasive, 3-5 parts of chemical active agent and 30-40 parts of water, and the dosage is parts by weight; The particle size of the abrasive is 2-15 μm; the abrasive is composed of boron carbide, silicon carbide, and aluminum oxide; Consists of more than two kinds of disodium amide sulfosuccinate monoester, alcohol ether phosphate, cocoic acid monoethanolamide, cocamidopropyl betaine, and sodium lauryl amphoacetate. Research has found that under the above-mentioned processing conditions, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high.

Further, the abrasive is composed of 50% (weight percent) boron carbide, 25% (weight percent) silicon carbide and 25% (weight percent) alumina, wherein the particle size of boron carbide is 2-10 μm, The particle size of silicon carbide is 5-15 μm, the particle size of aluminum oxide is 8-15 μm; the chemical active agent is composed of 60% (weight percent) of alcohol ether phosphate and 40% (weight percent) of sodium lauryl amphoacetate composition. Research has further found that under the above processing conditions, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention can be further improved.

Furthermore, during the processing, the temperature of the processing fluid is 35-45°C. Experiments show that under this temperature condition, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high.

As an improvement of the above-mentioned surface finishing and deburring processing method based on the shear thickening mechanism, during the processing, the workpiece makes a planetary motion relative to the machining fluid, that is, when the workpiece rotates, the machining fluid rotates together with the machining pool in the machining pool , and the workpiece rotates relative to the rotation axis of the machining fluid, the rotation speed of the workpiece is 100-1000r/min, and the rotation speed of the machining fluid is 60r/min-300r/min. Experimental results show that under the above-mentioned processing conditions, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high.

Preferably, during the processing, the rotation speed of the workpiece is 200-600r/min, and the rotation speed of the machining fluid is 80r/min-120r/min.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a brand-new processing method for smoothing and deburring the workpiece surface, and has the following beneficial technical effects. (1) Good processing effect and high efficiency; (2) Wide application range, can be used to deburr the surface of workpieces with various curved shapes; (3) Low implementation cost; (4) Can greatly improve the surface quality of workpieces .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the device for deburring the surface of a special-shaped workpiece by the method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microscopic model of the method of the present invention for deburring the surface of a special-shaped workpiece based on a shear thickening mechanism, wherein (a) indicates that no shear thickening occurs; (b) indicates the initial stage of shear thickening; (c) Indicates that the shear thickening is enhanced; (d) indicates that the shear thickening is weakened.

Reference signs: 1-turntable drive mechanism; 2-turntable; 3-workpiece fixture; 4-workpiece 5-processing fluid; 6-circulation pipeline; 7-pump; 8-replenishing device; 9-filtering device; 10-processing Pool; 11-drive mechanism of workpiece fixture; 12-burr; 13-abrasive grain; 14-flexible fixed abrasive; 15-steering mechanism.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a method for finishing and deburring the workpiece surface based on the shear thickening mechanism uses a non-Newtonian fluid containing abrasives and has a shear thickening effect as the processing fluid; during processing, the workpiece is relatively Movement, applying shear force to the machining fluid until the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are removed to obtain the product.

Referring to Figure 2(a)~(d), during the processing, under the action of shear stress and shear strain, the apparent viscosity (the ratio of shear stress to shear rate at a certain shear rate) of the processing fluid rapidly increase, the holding force on the abrasive grains is greatly enhanced, and a flexible "fixed abrasive" 14 is formed at the processing position, so that the abrasive grains have a micro-cutting effect on the surface of the workpiece, and the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are quickly removed, realizing efficient and high-efficiency on the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the surface quality of the workpiece can be greatly improved (roughness is reduced); the flow characteristics of the machining fluid ensure that the formed "fixed abrasive" can be well matched with surfaces of different curvatures degree, so that it can be used for deburring workpiece surfaces of various curved surfaces such as planes, cylinders, aspheric surfaces, and special-shaped surfaces, so that the above-mentioned method has a wide range of applications; the cost of the processing fluid used in the present invention is relatively low, and the present invention is easy to implement , therefore, the above method also has the characteristics of low implementation cost.

Referring to Fig. 1 , the device used in the smoothing and deburring processing method of complex profile parts based on the shear thickening mechanism includes a processing pool 10, a workpiece fixture 3, a turntable 2 and a workpiece fixture drive mechanism 11, and the workpiece fixture 3 is located at the In the processing pool 10, the workpiece fixture 3 is installed under the workpiece fixture driving mechanism 11, and the workpiece fixture driving mechanism 11 is installed on the turntable 2, and the turntable 2 is connected with the turntable drive mechanism 1. The processing pool 10 A machining fluid 5 is placed inside, and the machining fluid 5 is a shear thickening machining fluid mixed with abrasive grains and has a shear thickening effect.

Further, a steering mechanism 15 is installed on the driving end of the workpiece fixture driving mechanism, and the workpiece fixture 3 is installed on the steering mechanism 15 .

Still further, the equipment also includes a circulation system, the circulation system includes a circulation pipeline 6, a shear thickening processing fluid temperature control and filtering device 9, a shear thickening processing fluid supply device 8 and a pump 7, the processing The lower outlet of the pool 10 is connected to the inlet of the circulation pipeline 6, the outlet of the circulation pipeline 6 is connected to the upper inlet of the processing pool 10, and the pump 7, The shear thickening processing fluid supply device 8 and the shear thickening processing fluid temperature control and filtering device 9 .

The circulation system is connected to the processing pool 10 , and the processing fluid 5 is drawn from the bottom of the processing pool 10 and input from the top of the processing pool 10 through the circulation system.

The shear thickening processing fluid filtering device 9 includes a filter screen for filtering large particle grinding and an inlet and outlet for adding or taking out the shear thickening processing fluid.

Experiments show that when the above method is used to deburr the surface of workpieces made of ordinary steel, medium carbon steel, alloy steel, bearing steel, stainless steel or spring steel, not only the effect is good, but also the efficiency is high.

Further, the processing liquid is composed of 20-40 parts of polyhydroxy aldehyde high polymer, 35-50 parts of abrasive, 3-5 parts of chemical active agent and 30-40 parts of water, and the dosage is parts by weight; The particle size of the abrasive is 2-15 μm; the abrasive is composed of boron carbide, silicon carbide, and aluminum oxide; the chemical active agent is composed of lauryl sulfosuccinic acid monoester disodium cocoate monoethanolamide Composed of two or more substances from disodium sulfosuccinate monoester, alcohol ether phosphate, cocoic acid monoethanolamide, cocamidopropyl betaine, and sodium lauryl amphoacetate. Preferably, the abrasive is composed of 50% (weight percent) boron carbide, 25% (weight percent) silicon carbide and 25% (weight percent) aluminum oxide, wherein the particle size of boron carbide is 2-10 μm, The particle size of silicon carbide is 5-15 μm, the particle size of aluminum oxide is 8-15 μm; the chemical active agent consists of 60% (weight percent) alcohol ether phosphate and 40% (weight percent) sodium lauryl amphoacetate composition. Research has found that under the above-mentioned processing conditions, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high. Under the processing conditions in Table 1, the selected abrasive particle size is within the stated range. After deburring for 25 minutes, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are completely removed under microscope observation, and the roughness drops rapidly from Ra0.679μm to Ra0 .03 μm.

Table 1

During processing, it is best to control the temperature of the processing fluid at 35-45°C. Research has found that under this temperature processing condition, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high. Under the processing conditions in Table 2, when the temperature of the processing fluid is 35°C, after 25 minutes of deburring processing, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are completely removed under microscope observation, and the roughness drops rapidly from Ra0.549μm to Ra0.08μm; The temperature of the fluid is 40°C. After deburring for 25 minutes, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are completely removed under microscope observation, and the roughness drops rapidly from Ra0.549μm to Ra0.04μm; After burring processing, the burrs on the workpiece surface were completely removed under microscope observation, and the roughness dropped rapidly from Ra0.549μm to Ra0.09μm. It can be obtained that when the temperature of the machining fluid is 40°C, the machining efficiency is the highest.

Table 2

During the machining process, the workpiece performs planetary motion relative to the machining fluid, that is, when the workpiece rotates, the machining fluid rotates together with the machining pool in the machining pool (the machining pool is used to place the machining fluid), and the workpiece rotates relative to the rotation axis of the machining fluid ; The rotation speed of the workpiece is 400-3000r/min, and the rotation speed of the machining fluid is 60r/min-300r/min. Under the above processing conditions, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high. Preferably, during the machining process, the rotation speed of the workpiece is 1000-1500r/min, and the rotation speed of the machining fluid is 80r/min-120r/min. Research has found that, under this motion condition, the processing efficiency of the method of the present invention is relatively high. Under the processing conditions in Table 3 below, with other conditions unchanged, the rotation speed of the machining fluid is 80r/min, and the rotation speed of the workpiece is 1000r/min. After deburring for 15 minutes, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece are completely under microscope observation. The roughness dropped rapidly from Ra0.839μm to Ra0.10μm; the rotation speed of the machining fluid was 100r/min, and the rotation speed of the workpiece was 1200r/min. After deburring for 15 minutes, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece were completely under microscope observation. After removal, the roughness dropped rapidly from Ra0.839μm to Ra0.06μm; the rotation speed of the machining fluid was 120r/min, and the rotation speed of the workpiece was 1500r/min. After deburring for 15 minutes, the burrs on the surface of the workpiece were completely After removal, the roughness dropped rapidly from Ra0.839μm to Ra0.09μm;

table 3

The above general description and description of the specific embodiments of the invention involved in this application should not be construed as limiting the invention. According to the disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art can increase or decrease the disclosed technical features in the above general description or/and specific implementation methods (including examples) without violating the constituent elements of the invention involved. Or in combination to form other technical solutions belonging to the invention.

Claims (7)

1. based on a surface of the work polishing deburring method for shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: adopt the non-newtonian fluid with shear thickening effect containing abrasive material as working fluid; In process, the relative working fluid motion of workpiece, applies shearing force to working fluid, until the burr of surface of the work is removed, obtains product.

2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the surface of the work polishing deburring method of shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: the material of described workpiece is ordinary steel, medium carbon steel, steel alloy, bearing steel, stainless steel or spring steel.

3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the surface of the work polishing deburring method of shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: described working fluid is made up of the water of the polyhydroxy aldehyde high polymer of 20 ~ 40 parts, the abrasive material of 35 ~ 50 parts, the chemical active agent of 3 ~ 5 parts and 30 ~ 40 parts, and consumption is weight portion; Described abrasive size is 2 ~ 15 μm; Described abrasive material is made up of the two or more materials in boron carbide, carborundum, aluminium oxide; Described chemical active agent is made up of the two or more materials in lauryl sulfosuccinic acid monoester disodium, Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide sulfosuccinic acid monoesters disodium, alcohol ether phosphate, Coconut Fatty Acid Monoethanolamide, Cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauryl both sexes sodium acetate.

4. as claimed in claim 3 based on the surface of the work polishing deburring method of shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: described abrasive material by the boron carbide of 50%, the carborundum of 25% and 25% aluminium oxide form, wherein, the particle diameter of boron carbide is 2 ~ 10 μm, the particle diameter of carborundum is 5 ~ 15 μm, and the particle diameter of aluminium oxide is 8 ~ 15 μm; Described chemical active agent is made up of the alcohol ether phosphate of 60% and the lauryl both sexes sodium acetate of 40%.

5., as claimed in claim 4 based on the surface of the work polishing deburring method of shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: in process, the temperature of working fluid is 35 ~ 40 DEG C.

6. the surface of the work polishing deburring method based on shear thickening mechanism as described in claim as arbitrary in claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that: workpiece does planetary motion relative to working fluid, namely in workpiece rotation, working fluid rotates with processing pond in processing pond, and workpiece rotates relative to the axis of rotation of working fluid, the rotational velocity of workpiece is 100 ~ 1000r/min, and the rotary speed of working fluid is 60r/min ~ 300r/min.

7., as claimed in claim 6 based on the surface of the work polishing deburring method of shear thickening mechanism, it is characterized in that: in process, the rotational velocity of workpiece is 200 ~ 600r/min, and the rotary speed of working fluid is 80r/min ~ 120r/min.