CN105316546A - Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material for spinning hub and method for preparing spinning hub - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wheel hubs, in particular to an Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning wheel hubs and a method for preparing spinning wheel hubs with the aluminum alloy material. The Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for the spinning hub of the present invention includes Mg? 2.00-5.80wt%, Si? 0.25～0.50wt%, Mn? 0.35～0.60wt%, Fe? 0.35～0.5wt%, Cu≤0.07wt%, Cr? 0.25～0.35wt%, Zn? 0.16-0.25wt%, Ti? 0.12-0.20wt%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities. The Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material of the present invention is non-heat-treatable and strengthened aluminum alloy, and the prepared aluminum alloy hub does not need to be subjected to high-temperature and long-term solid solution and aging treatment, which not only simplifies the production process of the aluminum alloy hub, but also improves production efficiency , while reducing energy consumption and alleviating resource pressure.

Description

Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning wheel hub and method for preparing spinning wheel hub

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wheel hubs, in particular to an Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning wheel hubs and a method for preparing spinning wheel hubs with the aluminum alloy material.

Background technique

In recent years, the number of automobiles in my country has continued to rise. The development of the automobile industry not only brings comfort and convenience to human travel, but also has many adverse effects on the living environment, resource consumption and human health. As more and more people pay attention to environmental protection and energy conservation, automobile lightweight has become a major strategic goal for the development of the automobile industry today. Aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good formability and rich content of aluminum in the earth's crust, and is favored by more and more automobile manufacturers.

The wheel hub is a cylindrical metal part in the car tire that is centered on the shaft to support the tire. It is an important part of the car driving system and plays the role of carrying, steering, driving and braking. Its performance directly affects the driving performance of the car. Safety, handling stability, ride comfort, etc. The aluminum alloy wheel hub has light weight and low inertia, which improves its braking performance; due to the good formability of the aluminum alloy, the size is accurate, the processing is precise, the material utilization rate is high, and the tire life is long; because the aluminum alloy has good vibration absorption characteristics, It has good vibration damping performance and high roundness of machine tool processing, which can improve the driving comfort of the car.

However, the existing aluminum alloy wheels usually use Al-Mg-Si alloy cast rods as raw materials. High disadvantage.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning wheel hubs, to solve the problem that aluminum alloy wheels usually use Al-Mg-Si alloy cast rods as raw materials in the prior art, and it takes a long time after the wheel hubs are formed. The solid solution and aging treatment to strengthen the aluminum alloy has technical problems such as complex process, long production cycle and high energy consumption.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a spinning hub using the above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material.

The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs, comprising Mg2.00-5.80wt%, Si0.25-0.50wt%, Mn0.35-0.60wt%, Fe0.35-0.5wt%, Cu ≤0.07wt%, Cr0.25-0.35wt%, Zn0.16-0.25wt%, Ti0.12-0.20wt%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.

Preferably, the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material includes Mg2.50-5.50wt%, Si0.30-0.45wt%, Mn0.40-0.55wt%, Fe0.40-0.45wt%, Cu≤0.05 wt%, Cr0.28-0.32wt%, Zn0.18-0.23wt%, Ti0.13-0.16wt%, and the rest of Al and unavoidable impurities.

Preferably, the content of Mg is 2.50-5.50wt%.

In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, Mg is the main alloy element, and the strength of the aluminum alloy is greatly improved through solid solution treatment. For every 1% increase in magnesium, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy can be increased by about 34 MPa, which is an aluminum alloy The product provides the main strength, but the solubility of magnesium in aluminum decreases greatly with the decrease of temperature. It is very unlikely that the amount of magnesium dissolved in aluminum at room temperature will reach more than 6.0wt%. Excessive magnesium will form in the second phase Formation precipitation will greatly increase the thermal embrittlement tendency of aluminum alloy, reduce the toughness of aluminum alloy, make aluminum alloy easy to crack, and reduce the formability of aluminum alloy. Therefore, the present invention controls the magnesium content at 2.00-5.80 wt%, preferably 2.50-5.50 wt%. Controlling the magnesium content at 2.00-5.80wt% can not only ensure the strength of the aluminum alloy, but also meet the requirements of its anti-corrosion performance as an automobile wheel hub.

Preferably, the Si content is 0.30-0.45wt%.

In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, Si is another main alloying element, and Si and Mg are added to aluminum together to form a strengthening phase MgSi, and Si can improve tensile strength, hardness, machinability and strength at high temperature. But when the Si content is too high, the elongation of aluminum will be greatly reduced, so the present invention controls the Si content at 0.25-0.50wt%, preferably 0.30-0.45wt%. The invention controls the Si content at 0.25-0.50 wt%, which can ensure the tensile strength, hardness, machinability, strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy at high temperature.

In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, the content of magnesium element is moderate, and the tendency of hot embrittlement will not occur due to too high content, and at the same time, the content of silicon is appropriately increased, and the MgSi formed by simple silicon and magnesium plays a role of dispersion strengthening, thereby greatly improving the strength of the alloy. Strength, while ensuring good formability of the aluminum alloy, and then through the spinning process to achieve continuous point-by-point forming of the billet at room temperature, so that the prepared aluminum hub has high strength and toughness.

Preferably, the content of Mn is 0.40-0.55wt%.

Preferably, the Cr content is 0.28-0.32wt%.

Preferably, the content of Cu is ≤0.05wt%.

Preferably, the content of Zn is 0.18-0.23wt%.

Preferably, the Ti content is 0.13-0.16wt%.

A method for preparing a spinning wheel hub using the above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for the spinning wheel hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material and casting it into a slab;

The second step: sawing and milling the flat ingot, and then homogenizing;

Step 3: Carry out forging at room temperature to form the spokes of the hub, and obtain a straight tube with a spoke-shaped bottom;

Step 4: Spin the straight cylinder at room temperature to form the hub, rim and rim;

Step 5: Grinding and polishing the obtained wheel hub, oiling and anti-rust treatment.

Preferably, the temperature of the homogenization treatment in the second step is 430°C-500°C, and the treatment time is 8-40 hours.

Preferably, the spinning temperature in the fourth step is room temperature, the spinning spindle speed is 300-600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5-2mm/r.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the prepared wheel hub is 450mm-500mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8mm-15mm.

A method for preparing a spinning hub using the above-mentioned Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material, and casting it into a slab and a straight billet;

The second step: sawing and milling the flat ingot and straight tube blank, and then homogenizing;

Step 3: Forging the flat ingot at room temperature to form the spoke part of the hub;

Step 4: Carry out spin forming on the straight tube blank at room temperature to obtain the rim;

Step 5: Connect the rim to the spokes by welding or bolting.

Preferably, the temperature of the homogenization treatment in the second step is 430°C-500°C, and the treatment time is 8-40 hours.

Preferably, the spinning temperature in the fourth step is room temperature, the spinning spindle speed is 300-600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5-2mm/r.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the prepared wheel hub is 450mm-500mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8mm-15mm.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material of the present invention is non-heat-treatable and strengthened aluminum alloy, and the aluminum alloy hub produced does not need to undergo solid solution and aging treatment at high temperature for a long time, which not only simplifies the production process of the aluminum alloy hub, but also improves Production efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and relieving pressure on resources.

2. The Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material of the present invention is a deformation-strengthened aluminum alloy, which has a very low density, high tensile strength, high elongation, and the tensile strength and yield strength are close to those of steel plates. Good formability, the strength and toughness are greatly improved after room temperature forging and spinning.

3. The present invention realizes the forming of the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy wheel rim and rim through the spinning forming process, and the strength of the workpiece obtained after spinning is greatly improved at room temperature, and has higher strength and toughness.

4. In the preparation method of the present invention, the aluminum wheel hub is formed by casting an Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy preform blank, and the obtained casting has certain dendrite segregation, and the composition is uneven, and the homogenization treatment makes the The precipitated phase dissolves into the crystal, which can reduce or eliminate casting defects; then the billet is forged and spun at room temperature. During the forging and spun process, the coarse grains formed by casting are broken, and the dynamic recrystallization makes the grains Be refined, because the forming temperature is not high, so the grain will not grow too much, so that the strength is greatly improved.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples.

Example 1

The chemical composition is Mg5.80wt%, Si0.25wt%, Mn0.60wt%, Fe0.35wt%, Cu0.07wt%, Cr0.25wt%, Zn0.25wt%, Ti0.12wt%, and the Al of balance ( The rest is the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy of unavoidable impurity) according to the following method to prepare the spinning hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material and casting it into a slab;

Step 2: Sawing and milling the flat ingot, and then performing homogenization treatment. The temperature of the homogenization treatment is 500° C., and the treatment time is 8 hours.

Step 3: Carry out forging at room temperature to form the spokes of the hub, and obtain a straight tube with a spoke-shaped bottom; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5mm/r.

Step 4: Spin the straight cylinder at room temperature to form the hub, rim and rim;

Step 5: Grinding and polishing the obtained wheel hub, oiling and anti-rust treatment. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 500 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8 mm.

Example 2

The chemical composition is Mg2.00wt%, Si0.50wt%, Mn0.35wt%, Fe0.5wt%, Cu0.01wt%, Cr0.35wt%, Zn0.16wt%, Ti0.20wt%, and the Al of balance ( The rest is the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy of unavoidable impurity) according to the following method to prepare the spinning hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material and casting it into a slab;

The second step: sawing and milling the flat ingot, and then performing homogenization treatment, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 430° C., and the treatment time is 40 hours.

Step 3: Carry out forging at room temperature to form the spokes of the hub, and obtain a straight tube with a spoke-shaped bottom; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 300r/min, and the feed rate is 2mm/r.

Step 4: Spin the straight cylinder at room temperature to form the hub, rim and rim;

Step 5: Grinding and polishing the obtained wheel hub, oiling and anti-rust treatment. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 450 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 15 mm.

Example 3

The chemical composition is Mg4.5wt%, Si0.38wt%, Mn0.48wt%, Fe0.42wt%, Cu0.03wt%, Cr0.3wt%, Zn0.2wt%, Ti0.16wt%, and the Al of balance ( The rest is the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy of unavoidable impurity) according to the following method to prepare the spinning hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material and casting it into a slab;

Step 2: Sawing and milling the slab, and then performing homogenization treatment, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 460°C, and the treatment time is 20 hours.

Step 3: Carry out forging at room temperature to form the spokes of the hub, and obtain a straight tube with a spoke-shaped bottom; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 400r/min, and the feed rate is 1.2mm/r.

Step 4: Spin the straight cylinder at room temperature to form the hub, rim and rim;

Step 5: Grinding and polishing the obtained wheel hub, oiling and anti-rust treatment. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 475 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 12 mm.

Example 4

The chemical composition is Mg5.50wt%, Si0.30wt%, Mn0.55wt%, Fe0.40wt%, Cu0.05wt%, Cr0.28wt%, Zn0.23wt%, Ti0.13wt%, and the Al of balance ( The rest is the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy of unavoidable impurity) according to the following method to prepare the spinning hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material, and casting it into a slab and a straight billet;

Step 2: Carry out sawing and milling on the slab and straight tube blanks, and then perform homogenization treatment; the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 500°C, and the treatment time is 8 hours.

Step 3: Forging the flat ingot at room temperature to form the spoke part of the hub;

Step 4: Spin forming the straight cylinder blank at room temperature to obtain a rim; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5mm/r.

Step 5: Connect the rim and spokes by welding. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 500 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8 mm.

Example 5

The chemical composition is Mg2.50wt%, Si0.45wt%, Mn0.40wt%, Fe0.45wt%, Cu0.02wt%, Cr0.32wt%, Zn0.18wt%, Ti0.16wt%, and the Al of balance ( The rest is the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy of unavoidable impurity) according to the following method to prepare the spinning hub, comprising the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material, and casting it into a slab and a straight billet;

Step 2: Carry out sawing and milling on the slab and straight tube blanks, and then perform homogenization treatment; the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 430°C, and the treatment time is 40 hours.

Step 3: Forging the flat ingot at room temperature to form the spoke part of the hub;

Step 4: Spinning the straight cylinder blank at room temperature to obtain a rim; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 300r/min, and the feed rate is 2mm/r.

Step 5: Connect the rim and the spokes with bolts. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 450 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 15 mm.

Example 6

The chemical composition is Mg4wt%, Si0.38wt%, Mn0.48wt%, Fe0.42wt%, Cu0.03wt%, Cr0.29wt%, Zn0.2wt%, Ti0.15wt%, and the Al of surplus (all the other are Unavoidable impurity) Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy prepares spinning wheel hub according to following method, comprises the following steps:

The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material, and casting it into a slab and a straight billet;

Step 2: Carry out sawing and milling on the slab and straight tube blanks, and then perform homogenization treatment; the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 470°C, and the treatment time is 22 hours.

Step 3: Forging the flat ingot at room temperature to form the spoke part of the hub;

Step 4: Spin forming the straight tube blank at room temperature to obtain a rim; the spinning temperature is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 450r/min, and the feed rate is 1.3mm/r.

Step 5: Connect the rim and spokes by welding. The inner diameter of the prepared hub is 480 mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 11 mm.

The following is the corresponding mechanical performance test for the rim part of the aluminum alloy wheel hub prepared in Example 1-Example 6. A rectangular tensile sample is used, the specific size specification is 48×12, and the sample is taken in the middle of the rim according to GB/T16865- According to the 2013 testing standard, the tensile test was carried out, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Tensile test test results

The test results show that the aluminum alloy wheel hub prepared by the spinning process using the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material described in this patent has higher strength and elongation than the wheel hub prepared by traditional materials using traditional technology, and can Meet the performance of industrial production and automotive wheels. The forming process of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is carried out at room temperature without heat treatment, which can save energy; and the spinning process equipment is simple, the quality of the formed workpiece is high, and the production efficiency is improved.

The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (17)

1. An Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs, characterized in that it includes Mg2.00～5.80wt%, Si0.25～0.50wt%, Mn0.35～0.60wt%, Fe0.35 ~0.5wt%, Cu≤0.07wt%, Cr0.25~0.35wt%, Zn0.16~0.25wt%, Ti0.12~0.20wt%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities. 2. The Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises Mg2.50-5.50wt%, Si0.30-0.45wt%, Mn0.40-0.55wt% %, Fe0.40～0.45wt%, Cu≤0.05wt%, Cr0.28～0.32wt%, Zn0.18～0.23wt%, Ti0.13～0.16wt%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities . 3. The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of Mg is 2.50-5.50 wt%. 4. The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of Si is 0.30-0.45 wt%. 5. The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of Mn is 0.40-0.55 wt%. 6 . The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1 , wherein the Cr content is 0.28-0.32 wt%. 7 . The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1 , wherein the Cu content is ≤0.05 wt%. 8. The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of Zn is 0.18-0.23 wt%. 9 . The Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to claim 1 , wherein the Ti content is 0.13-0.16 wt%. 10. A method for preparing a spinning hub using the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material and casting it into a slab; The second step: sawing and milling the flat ingot, and then homogenizing; Step 3: Carry out forging at room temperature to form the spokes of the hub, and obtain a straight tube with a spoke-shaped bottom; Step 4: Spin the straight cylinder at room temperature to form the hub, rim and rim; Step 5: Grinding and polishing the obtained wheel hub, oiling and anti-rust treatment. 11 . The method for preparing a spinning hub according to claim 10 , characterized in that, the temperature of the homogenization treatment in the second step is 430° C. to 500° C., and the treatment time is 8 to 40 hours. 12. The method for preparing a spinning hub according to claim 10, characterized in that, the temperature of the spinning in the fourth step is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 300-600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5-2mm/r. 13. The method for preparing a spinning wheel hub according to claim 10, characterized in that the inner diameter of the prepared wheel hub is 450mm-500mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8mm-15mm. 14. A method for preparing a spinning hub using the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material for spinning hubs according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: The first step: melting the Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy material, and casting it into a slab and a straight billet; The second step: sawing and milling the flat ingot and straight tube blank, and then homogenizing; Step 3: Forging the flat ingot at room temperature to form the spoke part of the hub; Step 4: Carry out spin forming on the straight tube blank at room temperature to obtain the rim; Step 5: Connect the rim to the spokes by welding or bolting. 15. The method for preparing a spinning hub according to claim 14, characterized in that, the temperature of the homogenization treatment in the second step is 430°C-500°C, and the treatment time is 8-40 hours. 16. The method for preparing a spinning hub according to claim 14, characterized in that, the spinning temperature in the fourth step is room temperature, the spindle speed of spinning is 300-600r/min, and the feed rate is 0.5-2mm/r. 17. The method for preparing a spinning wheel hub according to claim 14, characterized in that the inner diameter of the prepared wheel hub is 450mm-500mm, and the wall thickness of the rim is 8mm-15mm.