CN105297783B - One kind can monitor many material joint seepage prevention systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitorable multi-material combined anti-seepage system, which belongs to the technical field of anti-seepage. The anti-seepage system mainly includes a built-in carrier, a wrapping layer that maintains the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer and carbon fiber cloth. The surrounding surface of the built-in transmission carrier is provided with a wrapping layer, and the wrapping layer is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer on the side of the seepage source (facing the water), and a carbon fiber cloth is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer, as a protective surface for dispersing loads and resisting damage to animals and plants. Anti-slip bonding materials are applied between the anti-seepage monitoring layer and the anti-seepage monitoring layer to increase the shear strength. The principle of this anti-seepage system is mature and reliable, conforms to the current specifications, is simple to manufacture, is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant, can automatically adapt to the deformation of the main body, and significantly prolongs the life of the anti-seepage project.

Description

A monitorable multi-material combined anti-seepage system

technical field

The invention relates to a monitorable multi-material combined anti-seepage system, which belongs to the technical field of anti-seepage.

Background technique

Pressure seepage plays a significant role in geological disasters such as landslides, collapses, and debris flows. The seepage process not only takes away the colloidal substances and fine particles in the rock and soil, making it loose, but also pushes the rock and soil to osmotic pressure, Floatover, lubrication and other negative effects. The International Committee on Large Dams has conducted a statistical analysis of dam failure disasters around the world, and believes that abnormal seepage is the main cause of dam failure. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, since records were kept in 1954, there have been 3,515 dam failure accidents in my country, among which the failure of small earth-rock dams due to flooding and seepage damage accounted for more than 98%. For example, Xinjiang Lianfeng in 2013 Reservoirs, Heilongjiang Xinghuo Reservoir, Shanxi Quting Reservoir and other dams collapsed one after another, causing significant casualties and economic losses.

So far, the anti-seepage technologies at home and abroad are similar, mainly including: filling grouting or curtain grouting, various anti-seepage (cut-off) walls mainly composed of concrete, clay, self-setting ash, etc., high-pressure rotary jet or swing jet grouting, geomembrane Or panel bedding, cover heavy pressure seepage and so on. In the process of anti-seepage research for nearly forty years, the project team noticed that: because the traditional technology did not consider the mutual damage and deterioration of building materials and the microscopic evolution trend in the research and comparison of anti-seepage schemes, resulting in dams and their After the foundation is strengthened against seepage, or the unit investment is too high, or the life of the anti-seepage body is too short, the overall benefit is generally very low, and the maintenance funds of millions to tens of millions of yuan are spent each time, but the penetration and maintenance can only be achieved within a few years. The anti-skid index has reached the standard, but it is far from meeting the design requirements of the economic life of the project (more than 50 years). Laterite, or red clay, exists widely in hot, humid and rainy areas. In my country, it is mainly distributed in large areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan. Laterite is weakly acidic, and its physical and mechanical supporting materials are mainly SiO ₂ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , Al ₂ O ₃ , TiO ₂ and so on. The recent research of the project team shows that alkaline reinforcement materials such as cement and lime can not only cause mutual damage and deterioration reactions with oxides of silicon, iron, aluminum, and titanium in laterite, but also destroy the acidic water medium, which is necessary for the cohesion of laterite, This leads to the deconstruction of its particles and the discretization of materials, which is undoubtedly the root cause of the low benefit of using traditional anti-seepage technology on laterite foundations and laterite projects. The construction and reinforcement of anti-seepage projects should not only consider short-term factors such as investment and effect, but also pay attention to the interaction between materials, the deterioration and evolution of mesoscopic structures under the action of the environment, the chemical degradation and physical segregation of different material contact surfaces, etc. Long-term Otherwise, it will not only be difficult to cure the ubiquitous interfacial leakage of dissimilar materials, but also difficult to solve the problems of low cost performance of anti-seepage body, high maintenance investment, and short normal operation period of the entire project in small and medium-sized projects.

The domestic and foreign researches in the field of anti-seepage body mainly focus on five aspects. (1) Particle evolution and gradation design of laterite: Scholars either analyze the cause of laterite, or discuss the aggregate structure and mutual coupling of laterite, or study the design and gradation analysis method of reverse filter material, or explore the relationship between particle size and compaction degree. influences……. ⑵ Seepage and stability of the contact interface of dissimilar materials: Some scientific and technical personnel have studied the mechanical properties of the contact interface, and some have discussed the frictional resistance and shear characteristics of the material contact interface with large differences.... (3) Seepage prevention and reinforcement: Some scholars focus on the impact of water seepage cracks on clay cohesion, or analyze the mechanism of water-soil interaction, or discuss anti-seepage design methods, or conduct research on the performance evaluation technology of anti-seepage bodies, or analyze reservoir water levels Relationship to Infiltration Lines…. ⑷Technology related to construction: For example, some scientific and technical personnel have studied the technology and quality control method of high-pressure jetting, some have discussed the reinforcement technology of soft soil, and some have analyzed the materials of cut-off walls in order to simplify the construction technology .... (5) Seismic performance and indicators: Some scholars have analyzed the relationship between the depth of the cut-off wall and the seismic stability, and some scholars have discussed the dynamic characteristics and liquefaction of soil during earthquakes... The above-mentioned research in the field of anti-seepage body is based on the simulation and experimental analysis conclusions of the performance, application and repair of "single anti-seepage material". No research information related to multi-material joint anti-seepage system has been retrieved.

In projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50869003, 41462013, 51069003), the key project of the Yunnan Provincial Applied Basic Research Program (2013FA033), the Yunnan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (1991E016Q, 1995YI016, 1997E047M, 2010ZC048), and the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (10968221, 10978057 ), the innovation team of Kunming University of Science and Technology (14098193), the excellent course (10968137) and many other project funding, the project team believes after long-term research that the anti-seepage body made of a single material has obvious life defects: clay core wall 1. Inclined walls rely heavily on the gradation of erodible particles, the anti-seepage effect is poor, and felt earthquakes with lower intensity will cause relaxation segregation or fracture; materials such as concrete, lime, and self-setting ash are strongly alkaline substances , the anti-seepage wall formed by it not only has high cost and technical requirements, but also will chemically react with the acidic laterite body to destroy the contact interface and cause a large number of fine piping; the geomembrane is too thin, not only difficult to resist the gnawing of animals and plants for decades tearing, it is more difficult to adapt to the consolidation, and the uneven subsidence of the laterite after the earthquake forms a larger overhead after the membrane.... Therefore, it is imperative to implement large-area effective intensive monitoring of anti-seepage bodies and use multiple materials for joint anti-seepage. The project team clarified the abnormal deterioration factors of the laterite anti-seepage body, learned about the erosion of laterite materials by strong alkalis such as cement, and proposed the root cause of the short repair period of the traditional anti-seepage body and the difficulty in reaching the design life, and clarified the relatively long-term The evolution mechanism of material mutual loss, invented the fiber optic geomembrane and obtained 3 patent authorizations, and many research papers have been published in "Journal of Geotechnical Engineering", "Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering", "Journal of Building Materials", "Hydroelectric Power Generation" Journal", "Advanced Materials Research", "Applied Mechanics and Materials" and other authoritative journals at home and abroad, and have been included by international famous search institutions such as SCI and EI. The research results show that the anti-seepage and anti-slip technology and reinforcement materials used in laterite foundations and dams have obvious shortcomings. Due to the long-term combined erosion of chemical reactions, mechanical effects, water and soil interactions, etc., these defects only rely on material screening, Traditional measures such as structural rolling, reverse filtration and drainage, and reinforced filling obviously cannot cure the problem. In fact, repeated reinforcement and treatment of anti-seepage bodies in a short period of time has caused huge waste in many laterite projects and formed a bottleneck restricting the continued development of this field. Therefore, it has become a very urgent task to study a multi-material joint anti-seepage system that not only has corresponding strength, but also can resist environmental erosion and facilitate intensive monitoring of large areas. For this reason, the project team specially applied for and was approved by the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2014: Exploration of a new seepage prevention model for seepage-induced laterite landslides, project approval number: 41462013.

The common defects of various traditional anti-seepage and anti-skid technologies can be summarized as follows: ① traditional anti-seepage body has obvious defects and cannot withstand the long-term erosion of environmental water and soil, so it is far from reaching the design life; ② anti-seepage reinforcement materials have important defects, Its mutual destruction with acidic rock and soil such as red soil is the root cause of repeated repairs of dams and their foundations in a short period of time, more repairs and leaks, and induced slope slides and dam failures; ③ The anti-seepage body formed by bedding and grouting is relatively thin , prone to fractures during felt earthquakes, and seepage damage develops rapidly; ④The existing monitoring facilities of the anti-seepage body are not perfect, the distance between the sensors is too large and the affinity with the anti-seepage body is too poor. All kinds of environmental erosion develop gradually from the outside to the inside. If the traditional anti-seepage body can be isolated from the corrosive substances, the long-term erosion problem can be easily solved. Geomembrane is an inexpensive acid and alkali-resistant flexible anti-corrosion material. In addition to its advantages of simple construction and quick repair, its durability has exceeded the designed economic life of earth-rock dams. The main defects of geomembrane are: ⑴The strength is too low, and the flatness and stability of the cushion largely determine whether the geomembrane has a long life; ⑵The damaged part inside the embankment cannot be determined in time, thus losing precious emergency time .

The aforementioned problem (1) can be solved by using carbon fiber cloth, a high-strength and resistant transition material that can adapt to the deformation of rock and soil structures. Carbon fiber cloth is a relatively cheap high-strength flexible material with a tensile strength ≥ 3200MPa, higher than steel; a specific gravity of 2.0-3.0g/cm ³ , less than half of steel; a minimum thickness of only about 0.2mm. This material is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, wear and puncture, and is suitable for long-term service in harsh environments; it can be cut arbitrarily, is easy to overlap and bond, and can adapt to uneven subsidence or consolidation deformation of rock and soil. Used in construction projects. For the second key technology mentioned above, the research group has made substantial progress in the completed project, published relevant results, and obtained the invention patent right of "optical fiber geomembrane", which can realize the real-time large-area intensive anti-seepage body monitor.

Earthquakes and long-term seepage can easily cause cracks and internal voids in laterite foundations and dams. The anti-seepage scheme designed by the present invention is: use clay or concrete as a built-in carrier to transfer various loads from the anti-seepage surface to the main structure; use carbon fiber cloth to maintain the basic shape and load-transmitting function of the carrier after it is broken, and Provide uniform resistance and smooth cushion for geomembrane; use fiber optic geomembrane as anti-seepage and as a monitoring carrier. The combination of the three can obtain a joint anti-seismic anti-seepage system with excellent performance, and transmit various load distributions to the bearing body of the project. The optical fiber geomembrane used in this invention is not only a carrier for large-area intensive monitoring, but also solves the common problem of interface erosion with other materials in traditional anti-seepage bodies as an isolation layer. The gnawing and tearing of animals and plants in the water is resisted by high-strength carbon fiber cloth; the built-in carrier not only provides suitable plane support and load transmission for the geomembrane, but also undertakes the task of shaping the facade to prevent seepage. If the transmission body is internally suspended or broken, the high-strength and flexible carbon fiber cloth will automatically adjust its basic shape to adapt to the main body of the foundation or embankment to ensure its load transmission effect. As the anti-stress protective cushion of geomembrane, carbon fiber cloth will also have the effect of uniform load and avoiding stress concentration. Therefore, this novel multi-material joint anti-seepage system can avoid the development of common diseases such as erosion, overhead, brittle fracture, filtration, tearing, and diffusion so far.

This invention is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50869003, 41462013, 51069003), the key project of the Yunnan Provincial Applied Basic Research Program (2013FA033), etc., and focuses on solving the problems caused by the failure of the traditional anti-seepage body after the fracture or internal overhead, and the rapid deterioration of the seepage Geotechnical landslides, collapses and other problems, and can significantly reduce the amount of seepage, long-term monitoring of the development process of seepage, and diagnose the location of the disease in the anti-seepage system. The anti-seepage system proposed by the invention is not only earthquake-resistant and durable, but also can provide accurate location of danger for abnormal seepage control, saving precious time for emergency rescue of geological disasters.

Contents of the invention

The technical problems solved by the present invention mainly include: (1) After the anti-seepage body is broken and the interior is suspended, abnormal seepage occurs in the whole project, and the anti-seepage fails; (2) After the anti-seepage body is broken and the interior is suspended, the project has abnormal settlement and even Collapse; (3) Mutual erosion and deterioration of materials on the contact interface between the anti-seepage body and the main body of the project; (4) Incomplete seepage monitoring and inaccurate disease location. The invention proposes a multi-material joint anti-seepage system that is anti-seismic, anti-crack and capable of monitoring seepage, and is realized through the following technical proposals.

A multi-material combined anti-seepage system capable of monitoring includes a built-in carrier 5, a wrapping layer 6 maintaining the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 and carbon fiber cloth 8. The surrounding surface of the built-in transmission carrier 5 is provided with a wrapping layer 6, and the wrapping layer 6 is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 on the side of the seepage source (facing the water), and a carbon fiber cloth 8 is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, as a protection for dispersing loads and resisting damage to animals and plants noodle. The transmission carrier 5, the wrapping layer 6, the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, and the carbon fiber cloth 8 are all coated with anti-slip bonding materials (such as asphalt latex, etc.).

The carrier 5 is made of clay or concrete.

The wrapping layer 6 is made of carbon fiber cloth, steel mesh or geotextile.

The anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 is made of optical fiber geomembrane.

In the optical fiber geomembrane, δ is 0.2m-0.5m, B is 1-6m, Γ1=B-2δ, Γ2≤1.0m.

As shown in Figure 2, the application of the monitoring multi-material joint anti-seepage system: the anti-seepage body 9 and the dam shell 10 of the embankment are filled and raised simultaneously according to the current specifications, and finally the drainage prism 11 is built. The fiber optic geomembrane on the anti-seepage body 9 faces the direction of water flow, and the facing surface is covered with carbon fiber cloth 8 as a protective surface for dispersing loads and resisting damage by animals and plants. The embedding of the anti-seepage body to both banks, the elevation of the masonry, the intercepting groove at the bottom, the wave wall at the top of the dam, and the slope protection at the upstream and downstream, etc., are all non-specific, and can be carried out according to the current earth-rock dam specifications.

The specific technical scheme of the present invention also includes: using clay or concrete as the built-in carrier; using carbon fiber cloth, steel wire mesh, and geotextile to maintain the basic shape and load transfer function of the carrier after it is broken and elevated, and to provide uniformity for the optical fiber geomembrane. The anti-seepage and flat cushion layer; the fiber optic geomembrane is used for anti-seepage and as a monitoring carrier. The combination of the three can obtain a durable structure with excellent anti-seismic and anti-seepage performance. Use the curved optical fiber distributed on the optical fiber geomembrane as a dense sensor to monitor the temperature and deformation of various parts of the impermeable surface, and judge the area with abnormal temperature change and strain as the leakage site, and the most abnormal part is the geomembrane Broken central location. Tests have proved that the analysis of abnormal seepage is quick and the location of disease is accurate based on the monitoring data. The principle of this novel anti-seepage system is mature and reliable, conforms to current norms, and is easy to manufacture.

The function of each important composition among the present invention is:

(1) Built-in carrier: It is made of clay or concrete according to the current core wall specifications, and its main function is to transfer various loads from the impervious surface to the main structure such as the dam shell and foundation. Secondly, the built-in carrier can also give the geomembrane a suitable plane support and undertake the task of shaping the anti-seepage body on the facade.

(2) Wrapping layer: It is made of carbon fiber cloth, steel wire mesh or geotextile cutting and bonding (welding), and fully wraps the outer surface of the built-in transmission carrier. Its main purpose is to ensure the basic shape and load transfer function after the carrier is broken and internally elevated, and automatically adapt to the deformation of the carrier, providing a uniform reaction force and a flat cushion for the geomembrane. If the carrier body is internally suspended or broken, the high-strength and flexible wrapping layer will automatically adjust its basic shape to adapt to the main body of the foundation or embankment to ensure its load transfer effect.

(3) Anti-seepage monitoring layer: It is made by cutting and bonding the optical fiber geomembrane authorized by the patent. It is only placed on the seepage source side of the anti-seepage body, and the facing surface is covered with carbon fiber cloth. Its main function is to significantly reduce the amount of seepage and to carry out long-term intensive monitoring of seepage. Optical fiber geomembrane is not only the carrier of anti-seepage and large-area intensive monitoring, but also solves the problem of interface erosion with other materials commonly found in traditional anti-seepage bodies as an isolation layer. The biting and tearing of animals and plants in the water is resisted by high-strength carbon fiber cloth.

Working principle of the present invention:

The main problems of traditional anti-seepage bodies include: material erosion, internal voids, fractures, particle filtration, poor anti-seepage effect, failure stress concentration, lack of effective monitoring, etc., see "Background Technology" for details.

(1) The present invention adopts a high-strength and flexible "wrapping layer" to solve the above-mentioned problems such as internal voids, fractures, particle filtration, and destructive stress concentration. Take the core wall commonly used in dykes and dams as an example: the traditional core wall is usually filled with clay and rolled. Under the long-term action of pressure seepage, the soil particles will dissolve and leach out, and the void inside the core wall is inevitable. If it is not timely Reinforcement is easy to develop into a collapse; under the action of a large earthquake load, the core wall is easily broken, and the seepage deteriorates sharply. If the rescue is not timely, it will lead to dam failure. In the present invention, the traditional core wall (as shown in Figure 4) is only used as the carrier in the new joint anti-seepage system, and is no longer the anti-seepage main body, so its fracture and collapse will not cause seepage deterioration; high strength The cladding layer constrains the deformation of the core wall, so that the shape change after particle filtration, internal voiding, and fracture is significantly reduced. In addition, the cladding layer and impermeability monitoring layer in this system are flexible and can automatically adjust their shape To adapt to the small deformation of the carrier, effectively avoiding stress concentration. Therefore, the anti-seepage performance of the present invention is basically not affected by the above-mentioned internal overhead, fracture, particle filtration, stress concentration and other diseases, which obviously prolongs the overall life of the anti-seepage project.

(2) The present invention adopts the "impermeability monitoring layer" to solve the above-mentioned problems such as poor anti-seepage effect, particle dissolution and filtration, and material erosion. The research results show that the permeability coefficient of the clay core wall is generally 10 ^-4 ~ 10 ^-7 cm/s, while the anti-seepage main body used in the present invention is an optical fiber geomembrane, and its permeability coefficient is only 10 ^-11 ~ 10 ^-12 cm/s s, so its anti-seepage effect is significantly improved, and the osmotic pressure and seepage flow behind the membrane are greatly reduced, thereby effectively reducing the dissolution and leaching of carrier particles. While wrapping and preventing seepage, the optical fiber geomembrane and carbon fiber cloth also completely isolate the material of the carrier from the dam shell and foundation, thereby avoiding interface contact erosion between the anti-seepage body and other materials, and significantly prolonging the construction period of the project. life.

(3) The present invention uses an "impermeability monitoring layer" to solve the above-mentioned difficult problem of effective monitoring. The traditional anti-seepage body is limited by the cost and the disturbance of the probe to the whole. The number of sensors is too small and the life is too short. It is difficult to effectively and long-term monitor the development and deterioration of seepage. The monitoring body adopted in the present invention is an optical fiber geomembrane, and the distributed optical fiber is used as a dense sensor. This new type of sensor is corrosion-resistant and has a long life. Abnormal contrast" and "abnormal stress contrast" are used as the judgment basis for geomembrane rupture and seepage deterioration. The damaged part of the geomembrane will have concentrated leakage, and the flow of the water body will cause the temperature and stress here to be significantly different from those before the damage and the nearby undamaged parts, which can be determined by comparing the abnormality of the monitoring data in the time domain and area domain For the damaged location of the geomembrane, please refer to the patent specification for the invention of the fiber optic geomembrane (ZL201010109990.4; ZL201010109987.2).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Solve the problem of sharp deterioration of seepage after the traditional anti-seepage body breaks and the interior is empty

The traditional anti-seepage body is easy to break under the seismic load; under the long-term corrosion of pressure seepage, the interior of the anti-seepage body cannot avoid mesoscopic overhead. After the traditional anti-seepage body is broken or internally suspended, the seepage rate increases significantly, and the resulting piping, scouring and pushing make the cracks and hollows expand rapidly, leading to landslides or collapses of rock and soil.

In the anti-seepage system proposed by the present invention, the traditional anti-seepage body is only used as a carrier, not as an anti-seepage body, so its fracture or suspension will not change the seepage amount. Both the wrapping layer and the anti-seepage monitoring layer in the present invention are flexible materials, which can automatically adapt to deformation after the carrier is broken, internally suspended or even collapsed, significantly reducing the outflow of particles, and maintaining the basic shape of the load transfer, avoiding Stress concentration, thus effectively preventing the development and deterioration of seepage disease.

(2) Prevent animals and plants from damaging the anti-seepage body

Clay and geomembrane traditional anti-seepage bodies lack the ability to defend against the growth and puncture of plants and the biting and tearing of animals, which is also an important reason for the damage of traditional anti-seepage bodies. The combination scheme in the present invention uses high-strength carbon fiber cloth or steel wire mesh or geotextile as the entire surface wrapping layer, which can effectively resist the damage of various concentrated stresses to the anti-seepage body.

(3) Block the mutual damage and deterioration of the anti-seepage body and other materials

Concrete, volcanic ash, and self-setting ash anti-seepage bodies are all alkaline materials, which undergo a long-term chemical reaction with the acidic laterite dam main material, and the products are soluble or powdery, and are easily taken away by pressure seepage, resulting in The anti-seepage body has mesoscopic piping and other diseases. The invention adopts the corrosion-resistant cladding layer and the anti-seepage monitoring layer to effectively isolate the carrier and the main material of the embankment, thereby greatly reducing the mutual erosion of materials.

(4) Long-term and effective monitoring of seepage can be carried out

The anti-seepage monitoring layer used in the present invention is an optical fiber geomembrane that has obtained 3 invention patents. Using optical fiber sensing technology and related spectral theory, long-term intensive quantitative monitoring of seepage and its mutation can be realized. Therefore, the anti-seepage body can provide early warning of seepage diseases, and effectively prevent rock-soil landslides or embankment collapse disasters caused by abnormal seepage.

(5) The part where the disease can be diagnosed

After the traditional anti-seepage body has a disease, the location of the disease can only be roughly judged based on the water swirl upstream of the dam and the water outflow point downstream. However, due to reasons such as the mismatch of cracks in each layer of the dam and the diffusion of seepage in the dam material, the error in the location of this disease is very large, and it often only costs several times or even dozens of times the cost for general anti-seepage treatment. The temperature and stress of the abnormal seepage part are significantly different from the normal part. The anti-seepage monitoring layer used in this joint anti-seepage system can detect the sudden change of temperature and stress at each point, so it can diagnose the diseased part, thus significantly saving the cost of Emergency time for piping or flowing soil.

(6) Save project cost, reduce and prevent disasters

Seepage damage is the main reason for the dangerous situation of dams and their collapse. my country is the country with the largest number of dams and the most dangerous projects in the world. The government allocates nearly 100 billion funds for various water-retaining and anti-seepage projects every year. Reinforcement. The multi-material joint anti-seepage system proposed by this invention can avoid the common dangers of material erosion, internal voids, fractures, particle filtration, and rapid seepage diffusion, and can quickly and accurately locate the abnormal seepage position of the anti-seepage body. Save precious emergency time and reinforcement costs. Its application scope will be rapidly expanded, and it will gradually replace expensive structures such as high-pressure jet grouting and concrete cut-off walls, thereby generating significant economic benefits while ensuring safety. This technology is of great significance for improving the safety performance of water-retaining works, improving the cost performance of anti-seepage bodies, and obviously saving the cost of reinforcement of dams, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of dam collapse disasters.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the application diagram of anti-seepage body of the present invention in embankment;

Figure 3 is a composition diagram of the fiber optic geomembrane (where δ is the distance between the edge of the fiber and the geomembrane, Γ1 and Γ2 are the broken line lengths of the fiber, and B is the width of the geomembrane);

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional clay core commonly used in embankments.

In the figure: 1-composite geomembrane, 2-conducting optical fiber, 3-traditional core wall main body, 4-particle filter layer, 5-transmission carrier, 6-wrapping layer, 7-impermeability monitoring layer, 8-carbon fiber cloth , 9-the anti-seepage body of the present invention, 10-the dam shell, 11-the drainage prism.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the monitorable multi-material joint anti-seepage system includes a built-in carrier 5, a wrapping layer 6 that maintains the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 and carbon fiber cloth 8. The surrounding surface of the built-in transmission carrier 5 is provided with a wrapping layer 6, and the wrapping layer 6 is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 on the side of the seepage source (facing the water), and a carbon fiber cloth 8 is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, as a protection for dispersing loads and resisting damage to animals and plants noodle. The transmission carrier 5, the wrapping layer 6, the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, and the carbon fiber cloth 8 are all painted with asphalt latex as an anti-skid bonding material.

Among them, the transmission carrier 5 is made of clay; the wrapping layer 6 is made of carbon fiber cloth; the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 is made of fiber optic geomembrane, in which δ is 0.2m, B is 1m, Γ1 is 0.6m, Γ2 0.5m.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the monitorable multi-material joint anti-seepage system includes a built-in carrier 5, a wrapping layer 6 that maintains the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 and carbon fiber cloth 8. The surrounding surface of the built-in transmission carrier 5 is provided with a wrapping layer 6, and the wrapping layer 6 is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 on the side of the seepage source (facing the water), and a carbon fiber cloth 8 is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, as a protection for dispersing loads and resisting damage to animals and plants noodle. The transmission carrier 5, the wrapping layer 6, the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, and the carbon fiber cloth 8 are all coated with an anti-slip bonding material (silicone sealant).

Among them, the transmission carrier 5 is made of concrete; the wrapping layer 6 is made of steel mesh; the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 is made of fiber optic geomembrane, in which δ is 0.5m, B is 6m, Γ1 is 5m, and Γ2 is 1.0 m.

Example 3

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the monitorable multi-material joint anti-seepage system includes a built-in carrier 5, a wrapping layer 6 that maintains the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 and carbon fiber cloth 8. The surrounding surface of the built-in transmission carrier 5 is provided with a wrapping layer 6, and the wrapping layer 6 is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 on the side of the seepage source (facing the water), and a carbon fiber cloth 8 is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, as a protection for dispersing loads and resisting damage to animals and plants noodle. The transmission carrier 5, the wrapping layer 6, the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7, and the carbon fiber cloth 8 are all coated with acrylic sealant as an anti-skid bonding material.

The transmission carrier 5 is made of concrete; the wrapping layer 6 is made of geotextile; the anti-seepage monitoring layer 7 is made of fiber optic geomembrane, in which δ is 0.35m, B is 3m, Γ1 is 2.3m, and Γ2 is 0.7m.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-material joint anti-seepage system that can be monitored, characterized in that it includes a built-in carrier (5), a wrapping layer (6) that maintains the basic shape of the carrier, an anti-seepage monitoring layer (7) and carbon fiber cloth (8) , the built-in transmission carrier (5) is surrounded by a wrapping layer (6), the wrapping layer (6) is provided with an anti-seepage monitoring layer (7) on the seepage source side, and a carbon fiber cloth (8) is arranged outside the anti-seepage monitoring layer (7). The carrier (5), wrapping layer (6), anti-seepage monitoring layer (7) and carbon fiber cloth (8) are all coated with anti-slip bonding material; the anti-seepage monitoring layer (7) is made of optical fiber geomembrane. 2. The monitorable multi-material joint anti-seepage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carrier (5) is made of clay or concrete. 3. The monitorable multi-material joint anti-seepage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wrapping layer (6) is made of carbon fiber cloth, steel wire mesh or geotextile. 4. The monitorable multi-material combined anti-seepage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance δ between the optical fiber and the edge of the geomembrane in the optical fiber geomembrane is 0.2m to 0.5m, and the width B of the geomembrane is 1 ~ 6m, the broken line length of the optical fiber Γ1 = B-2δ, the broken line length of the optical fiber Γ2 ≤ 1.0m.