CN105280197A - 使用区段重定位对数据存储装置进行数据管理 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及使用区段重定位对数据存储装置进行数据管理。使用区段重定位管理存储在数据存储装置(DSD)的媒介上的数据。媒介的至少一部分被逻辑地划分为多个区段，并且识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段。所述识别的区段中的每个的存取计数指示该区段中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数。数据被从所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段重定位到媒介上的至少一个目标区段，以减少所述识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。
Description
背景技术
数据存储装置(DataStorageDevice，DSD)常常用于将数据记录到存储媒介上或者再现来自存储媒介的数据。一种存储媒介类型包括旋转磁盘，其中DSD的磁头能够在磁盘表面上的磁道中读取并写入数据。
为了从磁盘的表面存取数据，磁头在寻道操作期间搜寻数据在磁盘上的位置。长久的寻道操作由于较长时间从磁盘存取数据，能够导致DSD的性能降低。
附图说明
根据下文结合附图阐述的具体实施方式，本公开的实施例的特征和优点将更加明显。提供附图和相关描述以示出本公开的实施例并不限制所要求保护的范围。
图1是描绘根据一个实施例的数据存储装置(DSD)的框图。
图2示出根据一个实施例的多个区段的存取计数的一个示例直方图。
图3描绘根据一个实施例的磁盘媒介上的初始区段位置。
图4描绘根据一个实施例在重定位之后的图3的区段。
图5是根据一个实施例的区段重定位过程的流程图。
图6A描绘根据一个实施例的具有其相应存取计数的区段的区块。
图6B描绘根据一个实施例的图6A的区段的区块的再划分。
图6C描绘根据一个实施例识别具有大于或等于阈值的存取计数的区段。
图7A描绘根据一个实施例的图6C的识别区段的物理映射的初始逻辑。
图7B示出根据一个实施例、在更新映射以考虑数据的重定位之后图6C的识别区段的物理映射的逻辑。
具体实施方式
在下面的具体实施方式中，阐述许多具体细节以提供对本公开的完整理解。但是，对于本领域的技术人员而言明显的是，所公开的各种实施例可以在没有这些具体细节中的一些的情况下实践。在其它实例中，为避免不必要地模糊各种实施例，熟知的结构和技术将不被详细示出。
图1示出根据一个实施例的系统100，该系统100包括主机101和数据存储装置(DSD)106。系统100能够是，例如，计算机系统(例如，服务器、台式计算机、移动/膝上型电脑、平板电脑、智能电话等)或者其它电子设备，诸如数字视频录像机(DVR)。鉴于此，系统100可以是单机系统或网络的部分。本领域的技术人员将理解，系统100和DSD106能够包括比图1所示的那些元件多或少的元件，并且所公开的过程能够在其它环境中实现。
在图1的示例实施例中，DSD106包括固态存储器128和磁盘150两者以存储数据。鉴于此，DSD106能够被称为固态混合驱动器(Solid-stateHybridDrive，SSHD)，其包括固态非易失性存储器(NVM)媒介和磁盘NVM媒介两者。在其它实施例中，磁盘150或固态存储器128中的每个可以分别由多个硬盘驱动器(HardDiskDrive，HDD)或多个固态驱动器(Solid-StateDrive，SSD)代替，使得DSD106包括HDD或SSD的合并体。在又一些实施例中，DSD106的NVM媒介可以只包括磁盘150而不包括固态存储器128。
DSD106包括控制器120，其包括电路，诸如用于执行指令的一个或更多个处理器，并且能够包括微控制器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、硬连线逻辑件、模拟电路和/或它们的组合。在一种实施方式中，控制器120能够包括片上系统(SoC)。
主机接口126被配置成将DSD106与主机101接口，并且可以根据标准(诸如，例如PCIe总线接口(PCIexpress)、串行高级技术附件(SATA)、或串行连接SCSI(SAS))进行接口。如本领域的技术人员将理解的，主机接口126能够被包括作为控制器120的部分。
在图1的示例中，磁盘150通过主轴电机(未示出)旋转。DSD106还包括连接到致动器130的远端的磁头136，该磁头136通过音圈电机(VCM)132旋转，以便相对于磁盘150定位磁头136。控制器120能够使用VCM控制信号30和SM控制信号34分别控制磁头136的位置和磁盘150的旋转。
如本领域的技术人员理解的，磁盘150可以构成磁盘组的部分，其中附加的磁盘在磁盘150下方径向对齐。另外，磁头136可以构成包括附加磁头的磁头堆叠组件的部分，其中每个磁头经布置以从磁盘组中磁盘的对应表面读取数据并将数据写入到所述对应表面。
磁盘150包括若干径向隔开的同心磁道(未示出)，以便在磁盘150的表面上将数据从磁盘150的内径(ID)部分存储到外径(OD)部分。在图1的示例中，磁盘150上的磁道被分组成区段152，其中每个磁道被划分为沿磁道周向隔开的若干扇区。在其它实施例中，区段152可以包括磁道内的扇区组而不是磁道组。
磁盘150还包括多个成角度地隔开的伺服楔子(servowedge)1540-154N，每个伺服楔子可以包括嵌入的伺服信息，该伺服信息能够由磁头136读取以确定磁头136在磁盘150上方的位置。例如，每个伺服楔子1540-154N可以包括交替磁转换的图案(伺服脉冲)，其可以由磁头136读取并用于估计磁头136相对于磁盘200的位置。
除磁盘150以外，DSD106的NVM媒介还包括用于存储数据的固态存储器128。虽然本文的描述一般涉及固态存储器，但应当理解，固态存储器可以包括多种类型的存储器设备中的一种或更多种，诸如快闪集成电路、硫系RAM(C-RAM)、相变存储器(PC-RAM或PRAM)、可编程金属化单元RAM(PMC-RAM或PMCM)、奥沃尼克统一存储器(OvonicUnifiedMemory，OUM)、电阻式RAM(RRAM)、NAND存储器(例如，单级单元(SLC)存储器、多级单元(MLC)存储器、或它们的任何组合)、NOR存储器、EEPROM、铁电存储器(FeRAM)、磁阻RAM(MRAM)、其他分立的NVM芯片、或它们的任何组合。
易失性存储器140能够包括例如动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)，其能够由DSD106用于临时存储数据。存储在易失性存储器140中的数据能够包括从NVM媒介(例如，磁盘150或固态存储器128)读取的数据、将被写入到NVM媒介的数据、从DSD106的固件加载以便由控制器120执行的指令、或在执行DSD106的固件时使用的数据。
如图1的实施例所示，易失性存储器140存储转换表22，该转换表22提供主机101使用以寻址数据的逻辑块地址(LBA)和指示磁盘150上或固态存储器128中的物理位置的物理地址(例如，物理块地址(PBA))之间的映射。在一个实施方式中，转换表的备份副本存储在磁盘150上，该副本被更新以说明存储在易失性存储器140中的转换表22的变化。在其它实施例中，转换表22可以存储在不同位置，诸如在固态存储器128中。转换表22在下面参考图7A和图7B更详细描述。
在操作时，主机接口126经由主机接口126从主机101接收读取和写入命令，以从DSD106的NVM媒介读取数据并将数据写入DSD106的NVM媒介。响应于来自主机101的写入命令，控制器120可以针对该写入命令将待写入的数据缓存在易失性存储器140中。
对于将被存储在固态存储器128中的数据，控制器120从主机接口126接收数据，并且可以将数据缓存在易失性存储器140中。在一个实施方式中，数据接着被编码为电荷值，以对固态存储器128的单元(未示出)充电从而存储数据。
在一个实施方式中，响应于针对存储在固态存储器128中的数据的读取命令，控制器120读取固态存储器128中单元的当前值，并且将该当前值解码为能够被传输至主机101的数据。控制器120可以在经由主机接口126将该数据传输到主机101之前缓存该数据。
对于将被写入磁盘150的数据，控制器120能够将缓存的数据编码为写入信号32，该写入信号32被提供到磁头136以便将数据磁性写入到磁盘150的表面。
响应于针对存储在磁盘150上的数据的读取命令，控制器120经由VCM控制信号30定位磁头136，以磁性地读取存储在磁盘150表面上的数据。磁头136将读取的数据作为读取信号32发送到控制器120进行解码，并且该数据被缓存在易失性存储器140中以便传输到主机101。
如下文更详细论述的，相比于磁盘150上的其它区段152，具体区段152可以被更频繁地存取以进行读取或写入。主机101的工作负荷常常包括跨越致动器130的一次行程而分布的局部化随机活动(activity)。这样能够降低DSD106在维护读取和写入命令方面的性能，因为其从一个局部活动区域到另一个局部活动区域对磁头136进行定位能够花费相对长的时间(例如，5ms或更久)。
图2示出根据一个实施例的跨越磁盘150的这种局部化活动的一个示例。磁盘150上的区段152被示为沿着x轴线，该x轴线对应于它们从磁盘150的ID部分到OD部分的物理位置。指示具体区段已经被存取以进行读取或写入的次数的存取计数如图2中所示。相比于其它区段，某些区段(诸如区段208、210、212和214)具有相对高的存取频率。具有高存取频率的区段能够跨越磁盘150分隔大的距离，诸如，其中区域202和204具有少的存取或无存取活动。DSD106的性能通常由具有跨越磁盘150分散的高存取计数的区段影响，因为当使磁头136从一个存取的区段频繁移动到下一个区段时，能够导致较长的寻道时间。
下面论述的过程包括识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段并重定位来自识别的区段中的至少一个的数据，以减少识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。识别的区段之间的数据存取时间能够指代在另一个识别区段中读取或写入数据之后在识别的区段中读取或写入数据花费的时间。
在一些情况中，重定位来自至少一个识别的区段的数据能够包括频繁移动存取的区段，以便径向地通过将数据重定位至相邻的磁道或者周向地通过将数据重定位到磁道内的相邻扇区或扇区组，使得这些区段在磁盘的表面上物理地靠近彼此。在其它情况下，来自至少一个识别的高存取区段的数据能够被重定位到磁盘组中不同的磁盘或不同磁盘表面，使得这些区段在磁盘组中彼此更加径向靠近。在这样一个实例中，DSD106接着能够快速从磁头堆叠组件中的一个磁头切换到另一个磁头，以便在致动器130少量移动或不移动的情况下在不同磁盘表面上的高频存取区段之间变化。
在一些实施例中，存取计数可以是指示具体区段中的数据已经以非顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的随机存取计数。与顺序读取和写入相反，非顺序或随机读取和写入通常是从跨越媒介分布的位置的孤立数据存取。在另一方面，顺序写入包括从媒介上的相邻位置或近似相邻位置进行数据存取。因此，非顺序读取和写入通常比顺序读取和写入更耗时，因为磁头136完成一系列非顺序读取或写入通常需要更远地再定位。
在其它实施例中，存取计数可以指示具体区段中的数据已经被顺序读取或写入的次数。虽然执行一系列非顺序读取或写入能够更耗时，但重定位频繁顺序存取的区段还能够提高DSD106在维护读取和写入命令方面的性能。在一些实施例中，存取计数能够包括顺序和非顺序读取和写入两者。
在图2中，存取计数的阈值数已经被设为存取计数600，如虚线所示。区段208、210、212和214可以被识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值、用于重定位的候选区段。在一些实施例中，阈值可以基于相对于其它区段具有高的存取计数的区段之间的数据存取时间来调节。例如，区段208的阈值可以基于区段208与其它频繁存取的区段之间的较长数据存取时间或距离(当相比于区段210、212和214之间的较短数据存取时间或距离时)减小至400。
图3描绘根据一个实施例的区段208、210、212和214在磁盘150上的初始位置。如图3所示，区段208、210、212和214初始跨越磁盘150分布。
此外，图3描绘用于将数据从识别的区段拷贝或重定位到目标区段的第一分级区(stagingarea)224和第二分级区226。在其它实施例中，分级区224和226的位置可以不同，并且不需要彼此相邻定位。鉴于此，在其它实施例中，分级区224和226中的一者或两者可以位于不同磁盘或不同媒介(诸如固态存储器128或易失性存储器140)上。
虚线222外的磁盘150区域指示磁盘150的OD部分，该OD部分与磁盘150的其它部分相比，与更快的数据存取速率关联。在一些实施方式中，用于重定位频繁存取的数据的目标区段可以位于虚线222处或越过虚线222，以允许较快地存取频繁存取的数据。
虽然区段208、210、212和214在图3中各自包括磁道组，但在其它实施例中，识别的区段可以只包括单个磁道或单个磁道的一部分。在识别的区段包括单个磁道的部分的情况下，通过将识别的区段的数据重定位为在相同磁道或径向相邻磁道中物理上彼此靠近，可以将识别的区段的数据定位为周向彼此相邻。
图4描绘根据一个实施例的来自图3的区段的数据的重定位。如图4所示，来自区段208、210和212中的每个的数据已经被分别重定位至目标区段208’、210’和212’。区段214保持在其初始位置。在其它示例中，来自不同数量的识别区段的数据可以被重定位，使得，例如来自所有识别区段(即，区段208、210、212、214)的数据被重定位至目标区段，或者仅一半的识别区段的数据被重定位至目标区段。
在图4的示例中，区段208、210、212的数据已经通过使用分级区224和226，被重定位至目标区段208’、210’和212’，从而将初始存储在目标区段中的数据替换为初始存储在识别区段中的数据。更具体地，初始存储在目标区段中的数据被拷贝到分级区224或226的一个，以便为识别区段的数据腾出空间。初始存储在识别区段中的数据被拷贝到其它分级区。初始存储在目标区段中的数据接着能够被从其分级区拷贝到识别区段的初始位置，并且初始存储在识别区段中的数据能够被从其分级区拷贝到目标区段。
在其它实施例中，分级区可以不位于磁盘150上，并且可以位于磁盘组中的不同磁盘上，或者可以位于不同的存储器媒介(诸如固态存储器128或易失性存储器140)上。
图5为根据一个实施例的区段重定位过程的流程图，该区段重定位过程能够由控制器120执行，其中控制器120执行DSD106的固件或其它计算机可执行指令。在方框502中，控制器120将媒介(诸如磁盘150)的至少一部分逻辑地划分为多个区段。媒介的逻辑划分能够通过将LBA划分为LBA范围或区块实现。作为方框502中的划分的部分，控制器120可以首先将媒介逻辑地划分为多个区块，其中每个区块具有比各个区段大的数据容量。在该大规模划分之后，将区块精细地再划分为区段通常能够允许更高效的资源(例如，控制器120和易失性存储器140)利用，因为不需要单独估计每个区段的存取计数。相反，图5的过程可以仅估计区块中具有较高存取计数的区段的存取计数。该逻辑地划分为区块、子区块和区段的示例概念性地在图6A至图6C中示出。
图6A描绘根据一个实施例的区段的区块和它们相应的存取计数。如图6A所示，媒介已经在LBA方面被逻辑地划分为四个区块A、B、C和D。图6A的区块可以代表全部媒介或媒介的仅一部分的逻辑空间。另外，其它实施例可以将媒介划分为不同数量的区块。
在图6A的示例中，区块A和区块D被识别为相对于其它区块具有高存取计数。这可以通过比较每个区块的存取计数或者通过确定区块的存取计数是否已经达到或超过阈值数量的存取计数来完成。
图6B描绘根据一个实施例的图6A的识别区块的再划分。如图6B所示，区块A和区块D中的每个被分别进一步划分为子区块A1至A4和子区块D1至D4。子区块A2、A4和D2被识别为相对于其它子区块具有高存取计数。与图6A中的区块的识别类似，具有高存取计数的子区块的识别可以通过比较每个子区块的存取计数或者通过确定子区块的存取计数是否已经达到或超过阈值数量的存取计数来完成。
图6C描绘根据一个实施例的其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段的识别。如图6C所示，图6B中识别的子区块A2、A4和D2中的每个已经被进一步再划分为四个区段。另外，区段A2-1、A4-2、D2-1和D2-4已经被识别为具有等于或大于阈值数量的存取计数的存取计数的区段。如下面更详细的描述，这些识别的区段用作将数据从区段重定位至目标区段的候选区段。
在其它实施例中，基于可用资源(诸如控制器120的处理速度或易失性存储器140的可用数据容量)，区块、子区块和区段的数量和大小能够与上述相对于图6A至图6C提供的示例不同。类似地，再划分的重复次数也能够不同，以便包括更多或更少的划分重复。例如，其它实施例可以仅包括将媒介划分为区块和区段，而不将区块再划分为子区块。其它实施例可以包括在将较小的子区块再划分为区段之前，将子区块再划分为较小的子区块。
返回图5的重定位过程，在方框504中，控制器120识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段。这可以遵循上述针对图6C论述的思路执行。控制器120还可以可选地基于相对于其它区段具有高存取计数的区段之间的数据存取时间来调整阈值。该调整能够补偿各个因素(诸如频繁存取的区段之间的距离变得更大)，以便与如果此类区段物理上更靠近彼此的情况相比，允许此类区段更快地达到调整后的阈值。
在方框506中，数据被从识别的区段中的至少一个区段重定位到至少一个目标区段，以减少识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。如上所述，这可以包括将数据从识别的区段重定位到目标区段，使得来自识别的区段的数据在磁盘表面上、在径向或周向上更加靠近。方框506中的数据重定位还可以包括重定位来自识别的区段的数据，使得当从识别的区段存取数据时，数据在磁盘组中的不同磁盘表面上在径向更加靠近，以便减少致动器130的移动。
在方框508中，控制器120通过偏移重定位的数据的物理地址来更新映射。映射能够包括，例如，转换表22的一部分，其中映射指示就存储在媒介上的数据的PBA而言的物理位置。图7A和图7B描绘转换表22的示例部分，以说明在图5的方框508中更新映射的一个实施方式。
图7A描绘根据一个实施例的针对图6C的识别区段(即，区段A2-1、A4-2、D2-1和D4-4)的物理映射的初始逻辑。如图7A所示，识别区段的每个的LBA被映射到PBA，该PBA指示该LBA的数据在媒介上存储的物理位置。在图7A的示例中，LBA和PBA之间不存在精确的一一对应关系，如相比于这些区段的逻辑寻址，区段A4-2、D2-1和D4-4的稍微较高的物理寻址所示。该差异能够表示媒介中的缺陷，诸如磁盘150上已经被映射出来的缺陷扇区或不可用于存储用户数据的其它保留扇区。虽然对于每个区段，图7A中LBA的数值范围通常近似对应于PBA的相同数值范围，但其它实施例可以具有不必要对应于LBA的范围的PBA范围。
图7B示出根据一个实施例在已经更新映射以考虑数据的重定位之后，识别区段A2-1、A4-2、D2-1和D4-4的物理映射逻辑。相比于图7A，识别区段的LBA保持不变，而识别区段中的一些区段的PBA已经被偏移以考虑来自这些区段的数据的重定位。具体地，区段A2-1、D2-1和D4-4的PBA已经被偏移，指示这些区段的数据已被重定位。
在方框508中更新映射之后，图5的过程结束。在预定时间量之后和/或在媒介上预定次数的读取或写入之后，控制器120可以重复图5的过程或图5的过程的部分。在一个实施例中，控制器120可以周期性地检查以确定是否应当通过执行方框504对任何区段进行重定位。如果确定能够通过重定位至少一个识别的区段的数据来减少数据存取时间，则控制器可以继续执行方框506和方框508以对数据重定位。通过周期性识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段和重定位数据，适应性改变数据存取模式并减少DSD106的平均或总体数据存取时间通常是可能的。
本领域的技术人员应当理解，结合本文公开的示例描述的各种例示性逻辑方框、模块和过程可以被实现为电子硬件、计算机软件或两者的组合。另外，前述方法能够体现在计算机可读介质上，其中计算机可读介质使得处理器或计算机执行或运行某些功能。
为清晰地说明硬件和软件之间的可互换性，各种示例性组件、方框和模块已经基本上关于它们的功能进行描述。无论该功能被实现为硬件还是软件，这取决于具体应用和施加在整个系统上的设计约束。本领域的技术人员可以针对每个具体应用以不同的方式实施所述功能，但是这种实施方式决策不应被解释为导致脱离本公开的范围。
结合本文公开的示例描述的各种例示性逻辑方框、单元、模块和控制器可以利用被设计成执行本文所述功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或晶体管逻辑件、分立硬件组件或它们的任何组合而实现。通用处理器可以为微处理器，但在替换方案中，处理器可以为任何常规处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器还可以实现为计算装置的组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、一个或更多个微处理器结合DSP核或任何其它的此类配置。
结合本文公开的示例描述的方法或过程的动作可以直接体现在硬件中、处理器执行的软件模块中或两者的组合中。所述方法或算法的步骤还可以以实例中提供的那些顺序的替换顺序执行。软件模块可以驻留在RAM存储器、闪存存储器、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移除媒介、光学媒介或本领域中已知的其它形式的存储介质中。示例性存储介质耦合到处理器，使得处理器能够从存储介质读取信息并将信息写入到存储介质中。在替换方案中，存储介质可以集成到处理器。处理器和存储介质可以驻留在专用集成电路(ASIC)中。
提供所公开的示例性实施例的前述描述是为了使本领域的技术人员能够实现或使用本公开中的实施例。在不脱离本公开的实质或范围的情况下，这些示例的各种修改对于本领域的技术人员将是明显的，并且本文公开的原理可以应用于其它示例。所描述的实施例被视为在所有方面仅为示例性而非限制性的，并且本公开的范围因此由所附权利要求指示而非前述说明书指示。落入所附权利要求的等效含义和范围内的所有改变均包含在本发明的范围内。
Claims (20)
1.一种数据存储装置即DSD，包括：
用于存储数据的至少一种媒介；和
控制器，其被配置成：
将所述媒介的至少一部分逻辑地划分为多个区段；
识别其存取计数大于或等于阈值的所述多个区段中的区段，其中所识别的区段中的每个的所述存取计数指示所述区段中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数；以及
将来自所述识别的区段中的至少一个的数据重定位到所述媒介上的至少一个目标区段，以减少所述识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述存取计数为指示所述区段中的数据已经以非顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的随机存取计数。
3.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述存取计数为指示所述区段中的数据已经以顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的顺序存取计数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述控制器进一步被配置成通过偏移重定位的数据在映射中的物理地址来更新所述映射，所述映射指示存储在所述媒介上的数据的物理位置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述控制器进一步被配置成：
将所述媒介逻辑地划分为多个区块，其中每个区块具有比所述多个区段中的各个区段大的数据容量；
识别所述多个区块中相对于其它区块具有高存取计数的区块，其中所述识别的区块的所述存取计数指示所述识别的区块中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数；以及
将所述识别的区块再划分为所述多个区段中的区段，以识别其存取计数大于或等于所述阈值的所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段。
6.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述控制器进一步被配置成在预定时间量和所述媒介上的数据的预定读取次数或写入次数中的至少一种情况之后，周期性地识别其存取计数大于或等于所述阈值的区段。
7.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述媒介包括至少一个磁盘，并且所述目标区段位于所述至少一个磁盘的外径部分中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述控制器进一步被配置成基于区段之间的数据存取时间调整所述阈值，所述区段相对于所述多个区段中的其它区段具有高的存取计数。
9.根据权利要求1所述的DSD，其中所述控制器进一步被配置成至少通过以下操作重定位来自所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段的数据：
将来自所述识别的区段中的所述至少一个区段的所述数据拷贝到所述媒介上的第一分级区；
将来自所述至少一个目标区段的数据拷贝到所述媒介上的第二分级区；
将来自所述第一分级区的所述数据拷贝到所述至少一个目标区段；以及
将来自所述第二分级区的所述数据拷贝到所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段。
10.一种用于管理存储在数据存储装置即DSD的媒介上的数据的方法，所述方法包括：
将所述媒介的至少一部分逻辑地划分为多个区段；
识别所述多个区段中其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段，其中所述识别的区段中的每个的所述存取计数指示所述区段中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数；以及
将来自所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段的数据重定位到所述媒介上的至少一个目标区段，以减少所述识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述存取计数为指示所述区段中的数据已经以非顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的随机存取计数。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述存取计数为指示所述区段中的数据已经以顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的顺序存取计数。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括通过偏移重定位的数据在映射中的物理地址，更新所述映射，所述映射指示存储在所述媒介上的数据的物理位置。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括：
将所述媒介逻辑地划分为多个区块，其中每个区块具有比所述多个区段中的各个区段大的数据容量；
识别所述多个区块中相对于其它区块具有高存取计数的区块，其中所识别的区块的所述存取计数指示所述识别的区块中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数；以及
将所述识别的区块再划分为所述多个区段中的区段，以识别其存取计数大于或等于所述阈值的所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括在预定时间量和所述媒介上数据的预定读取或写入次数中的至少一种情况之后，周期性地识别其存取计数大于或等于所述阈值的区段。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述媒介包括至少一个磁盘，并且所述目标区段位于所述至少一个磁盘的外径部分中。
17.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括基于区段之间的数据存取时间调整所述阈值，其中所述区段相对于所述多个区段中的其它区段具有高的存取计数。
18.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述控制器进一步包括至少通过以下操作重定位来自所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段的数据：
将来自所述识别的区段中的所述至少一个区段的所述数据拷贝到所述媒介上的第一分级区；
将来自所述至少一个目标区段的数据拷贝到所述媒介上的第二分级区；
将来自所述第一分级区的所述数据拷贝到所述至少一个目标区段；以及
将来自所述第二分级区的所述数据拷贝到所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段。
19.一种存储用于管理数据存储装置即DSD的媒介上的数据的计算机可执行指令的计算机可读介质，其中当所述计算机可执行指令被控制器或处理器执行时，所述计算机可执行指令使所述控制器或处理器执行以下操作：
将所述媒介划分为多个区段；
识别所述多个区段中其存取计数大于或等于阈值的区段，其中所述识别的区段中的每个的所述存取计数指示所述区段中的数据已经被读取或写入的次数；以及
将来自所述识别的区段中的至少一个区段的数据重定位到所述媒介上的至少一个目标区段，以减少所述识别的区段之间的数据存取时间。
20.根据权利要求19所述的计算机可读介质，其中所述存取计数为指示所述区段中的数据已经以非顺序方式被读取或写入的次数的随机存取计数。
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2014
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2015
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2016
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| CN107870729B (zh) * | 2016-09-23 | 2020-11-20 | 伊姆西Ip控股有限责任公司 | 一种用于缓存数据的方法、设备和系统 |
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| CN110299155B (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-01-22 | 株式会社东芝 | 磁盘装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20160005423A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
| HK1217247A1 (zh) | 2016-12-30 |
| US9424864B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 |
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