CN105257252A - Method for optimizing shale gas horizontal well clustering perforation well section by using logging information - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing a shale gas horizontal well clustering perforation well section by using logging information, which comprises the following steps of a, establishing a horizontal well geological model by using the logging information and seismic information and identifying a shale reservoir; b. calculating key parameters of the shale gas reservoir quality by using the recognition result, and calculating the shale gas reservoir quality; c. calculating key parameters of the completion quality of the shale gas reservoir by using the recognition result, and calculating the completion quality of the shale gas reservoir; d. calculating the comprehensive quality of the reservoir according to the shale gas reservoir quality and the well completion quality; e. and combining the comprehensive quality of the shale gas well reservoir with a geological model, and establishing a grading evaluation standard so as to preferably select the clustered perforation well section. The invention combines shale gas formation reservoir quality, well completion quality and geological models to realize optimized clustering type perforation well section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shale gas horizontal well clustering perforated interval method for optimizing, particularly relate to a kind of method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, belong to Using Logging Data To Evaluate field.
Background technology
Shale gas is that a kind of unconventionaloil pool is hidden, and in order to increasing the storage is produced, in shale gas exploration and development, usually adopt the drilling completion technology of " horizontal well "+" volume fracturing ", clustering perforation is an important ring of volume fracturing.The selection of current perforated interval is for clastic and carbonate formation, according to the reservoir of drilling well display and well log interpretation and " four property " relation thereof (lithology, physical property, electrically, oil-gas possibility and correlation thereof) with reservoir thickness is determined or utilize offset well pressure break, test, development data to be determined by numerical method.Such as, " pilot production geology " book that petroleum industry publishing house in 1992 publishes disclosed new exploratory area perforating and fracturing selects well, layer principle is: oil-gas Layer permeability and the not so good area of oiliness, prioritizing selection oily is answered to show better, the well that degree of porosity, permeability are higher, layer carry out perforating and fracturing, and carbonate rock area is at the position well and story selecting of fracture development.For another example, 04 phase in 2010 " Geophysical Ano Geochemical Exploration computing technique " disclosed fractured horizontal well well and story selecting technology, by the analysis of the dissimilar oil-gas reservoir fractured horizontal well well and story selecting influence factors such as water massive oil pool, fractured-cavernous carbonate reservoir and Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs at the bottom of formation unconformity pool, ridge fault block oil reservoir, thick-layer, respective well and story selecting principle is proposed.
But finding in actual applications, mainly also there is following shortcoming in prior art:
(1) for the routine such as clastic and carbonate rock, not for shale gas reservoir;
(2) only consider drilling well display and reservoir " four property " relation, do not consider the factor such as rock brittleness, geostatic stress;
(3) utilize complicated mathematical method to select by well logging, pressure break, test, development data, the data type of use is various, and field conduct difficulty is large, is applicable to exploit the middle and later periods, is not suitable for prospect pit and evaluation well.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the problems referred to above overcoming prior art existence, a kind of method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval is provided.The present invention utilizes well-log information to calculate shale gas stratum reservoir quality, completion quality and integrated quality, and Bound moisture horizontal well geological model establishes shale gas horizontal well grading evaluation criteria, achieves preferred fracturing reform well section.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Utilize a method for well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A, utilize well-log information, seismic data sets up horizontal well geological model and identifies shale reservoir;
B, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir quality;
C, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality;
D, calculate reservoir integrated quality according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality meter;
E, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality to be combined with geological model, to set up grading evaluation criteria, thus preferred clustering perforated interval.
In described step a, by horizontal wellbore logging data with lead a borehole logging tool data and contrast, identify reservoir, carry out recovery and the foundation of geological model in conjunction with seismic data, show that situation met by horizontal well track brill in the earth formation.
In described step b, the reservoir quality key parameters such as the mineral constituent of analysis and calculation shale gas complex formation, total content of organic carbon, adsorbed gas content, free gas content, degree of porosity.
In described step b, utilize log foundation to ask for the response equation group of the complicated mineral constituent of shale formation, solve by optimal method and obtain degree of porosity and each mineral constituent volume content.
In described step b, when there being geochemical well logging data, unified with nature gamma spectrometry log material computation goes out pyrite, total organic carbon and kerogenic content, rearranges and solves, obtain complicated mineral volume components content more accurately to response equation group.
In described step b, the method calculating shale reservoir quality RQ is:
In formula, toc is total content of organic carbon, %; Gas is air content, m3/t; Vsh is clay content, %; Hd is reservoir thickness, m; Ms is buried depth, m; Ppg is reservoir pressure coefficient, MPa/m; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6 are respectively with toc, gas, Vsh, hd, ms, ppg.
In described step c, utilize well-log information and the data analysis of rock core detecting earth stress and calculate the completion Q factors such as brittleness index, maximum horizontal stress, minimum level stress, formation fracture pressure, development degree of micro cracks in oil, cementing quality.
In described step c, the method calculating shale gas reservoir completions quality CQ is:
In formula, brit is brittleness index, %; Shmax is maximum horizontal stress, MPa; Shmin is minimum level stress, MPa; Ffp is formation fracture pressure, MPa; Fgd is development degree of micro cracks in oil, decimal; Ce is cementing quality, decimal; WT1, WT2, WT3, WT4, WT5, WT6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, g6 are respectively with brit, shmax, shmin, ffp, fgd, ce.
In described steps d, the method calculating reservoir integrated quality WQ according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality is:
WQ=h1(RQ)+h2(CQ)
In formula, it is the function of independent variable that h1, h2 are respectively with RQ, CQ.
In described step e, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality is combined with geological model, sets up following grading evaluation criteria:
High-quality: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
Better: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; 0.45≤WQ < 0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
General: WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track
Walk in reservoir;
Poor: WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside.
In described step e, the method according to grading evaluation criteria preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval is:
WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir, namely select grade scale to carry out sub-clustering perforation for general and other well section of higher level.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
One, employing the invention solves following technical problem: 1, solve shale gas horizontal well geological model and set up and RESERVOIR RECOGNITION problem; 2, shale gas reservoir quality computational problem is solved; 3, shale gas completion quality computational problem is solved; 3, shale gas integrated quality computational problem is solved; 4, solve reservoir quality, problem that completion quality is combined with geological model, thus preferred clustering perforated interval.
Two, adopt the present invention can solve a production technology difficult problem, expanded well logging and gathered, explain market, instructed pressing crack construction, meet need of production, obtain distinct economic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 geological model figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
Utilize a method for well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, comprise the steps:
A, utilize well-log information, seismic data sets up horizontal well geological model type and identifies shale reservoir;
B, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir quality;
C, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality;
D, calculate reservoir integrated quality according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality meter;
E, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality to be combined with geological model, to set up grading evaluation criteria, thus preferred clustering perforated interval.
In described step a, by horizontal wellbore logging data with lead a borehole logging tool data and contrast, identify reservoir, carry out recovery and the foundation of geological model in conjunction with seismic data, show that situation met by horizontal well track brill in the earth formation.
In described step b, utilize log foundation to ask for the response equation group of the complicated mineral constituent of shale formation, solve by optimal method and obtain degree of porosity and each mineral constituent volume content.
Wherein, the computational process of various parameter is existing method.As, total content of organic carbon three porosity curve method calculates; Adsorbed gas content is according to Langmuir formulae discovery; The calculating of free gas content is comparatively simple, and mainly relevant with effecive porosity, gas saturation, strata pressure, temperature, similar to the evaluation of conventional reservoir, total air content equals adsorbed gas content and free gas content sum.Reservoir pressure coefficient obtains according to offset well formation testing result or regional stratum PRESSURE DATA.
In described step b, when there being geochemical well logging data, unified with nature gamma spectrometry log material computation goes out pyrite, total organic carbon and kerogenic content, rearranges and solves, obtain complicated mineral volume components content more accurately to response equation group.
In described step b, the method calculating reservoir quality RQ is:
In formula, toc is total content of organic carbon, %; Gas is air content, m
3/ t; Vsh is clay content, %; Hd is reservoir thickness, m; Ms is buried depth, m; Ppg is reservoir pressure coefficient, MPa/m; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; f
1, f
2, f
3, f
4, f
5, f
6being respectively with toc, gas, Vsh, hd, ms, ppg is the function of independent variable;
In described step c, utilize well-log information and the data analysis of rock core detecting earth stress and calculate the completion Q factors such as brittleness index, maximum horizontal stress, minimum level stress, formation fracture pressure, development degree of micro cracks in oil, cementing quality.
Wherein, the computational process of various parameter is existing method.As brittleness index has two kinds of computational methods, a kind of is that the young's modulus of elasticity that goes out with Array Sonic Logging Waveforms and density log material computation and poisson's ratio calculate; Another kind calculates brittleness index by mineral content method.
Well-log information and rock core detecting earth stress data are utilized to calculate maximum horizontal stress, minimum level stress and formation fracture pressure.
Utilize the length in well-log information crack identification and analytical calculation crack, density, width, average hydrodynamic width, apparent porosity, thus calculate development degree of micro cracks in oil.Logging evaluation cementing quality is formed by cement gel.
In described step c, the method calculating shale gas reservoir completions quality CQ is:
In formula, brit is brittleness index, %; Shmax is maximum horizontal stress, MPa; Shmin is minimum level stress, MPa; Ffp is formation fracture pressure, MPa; Fgd is development degree of micro cracks in oil, decimal; Ce is cementing quality, decimal; WT1, WT2, WT3, WT4, WT5, WT6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; g
1, g
2, g
3, g
4, g
5, g
6being respectively with brit, shmax, shmin, ffp, fgd, ce is the function of independent variable.
In described steps d, the method calculating reservoir integrated quality WQ according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality is:
WQ=h1(RQ)+h2(CQ)
In formula, h
1, h
2being respectively with RQ, CQ is the function of independent variable.
In described step e, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality is combined with geological model, sets up following grading evaluation criteria:
High-quality: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir.
Better: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; 0.45≤WQ < 0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir.
General: WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track
Walk in reservoir.
Poor: WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside.
In described step e, the method according to grading evaluation criteria preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval is:
WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are at reservoir
In walk.
Namely grade scale is selected to carry out sub-clustering perforation for general and other well section of higher level.
Embodiment 2
Utilize a method for well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, comprise the steps:
1, set up horizontal well geological model with well-log information, seismic data and identify shale reservoir.
By horizontal wellbore logging data with lead a well (straight well) well-log information and contrast, carry out recovery and the foundation (prior art) of geological model in conjunction with seismic data, to understand fully that situation met by horizontal well track brill in the earth formation.
According to shale gas reservoir logging response character, identify shale gas reservoir.Shale gas reservoir generally has following response characteristic on log: high gamma, Gao You, low thorium and low potassium; The praetersonic time difference, high neutron, low-density; High resistivity, bilateral to and induction negative variance; Well is expanding.
The reservoir quality crux parameters such as 2, analysis and calculation shale gas complex formation mineral constituent, total content of organic carbon, adsorbed gas content, free gas content, degree of porosity.
Wherein, the computational process of various parameter is existing method.Shale gas reservoir is owing to being deposited on the marine facies of deep water, half deep water, reservoir is generally the black shale being rich in carbon, and mineral constituent, except clay, quartz, feldspar (plagloclase, orthoclase), organic matter, also contains certain calcite and dolomite, in addition, containing a small amount of Pyrite Mineral.
Utilize log foundation to ask for the response equation group of the complicated mineral constituent of shale formation, solve by optimal method and obtain degree of porosity and each mineral constituent volume content.When there being geochemical well logging data, unified with nature gamma spectrometry log material computation goes out pyrite, total organic carbon and kerogenic content, rearranges and solves, obtain complicated mineral volume components content more accurately to response equation group.Total content of organic carbon three porosity curve method calculates; Adsorbed gas content is according to Langmuir formulae discovery; The calculating of free gas content is comparatively simple, and mainly relevant with effecive porosity, gas saturation, strata pressure, temperature, similar to the evaluation of conventional reservoir, total air content equals adsorbed gas content and free gas content sum.
Reservoir pressure coefficient obtains according to offset well formation testing result or regional stratum PRESSURE DATA.
According to areal geology understanding and well logging study achievement, set up the computational methods of shale reservoir quality RQ.
In formula, toc is total content of organic carbon, %; Gas is air content, m
3/ t; Vsh is clay content, %; Hd is reservoir thickness, m; Ms is buried depth, m; Ppg is reservoir pressure coefficient, MPa/m; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; f
1, f
2, f
3, f
4, f
5, f
6being respectively with toc, gas, Vsh, hd, ms, ppg is the function of independent variable.
3, utilize well-log information and the data analysis of rock core detecting earth stress and calculate the completion Q factors such as brittleness index, maximum horizontal stress, minimum level stress, formation fracture pressure, development degree of micro cracks in oil, cementing quality, setting up shale gas reservoir completions quality grading evaluation criterion.
Wherein, the computational process of various parameter is existing method.Such as, brittleness index has two kinds of computational methods, and a kind of is that the young's modulus of elasticity that goes out with Array Sonic Logging Waveforms and density log material computation and poisson's ratio calculate; Another kind calculates brittleness index by mineral content method.
Well-log information and rock core detecting earth stress data are utilized to calculate maximum horizontal stress, minimum level stress and formation fracture pressure.
Utilize the length in well-log information crack identification and analytical calculation crack, density, width, average hydrodynamic width, apparent porosity, thus calculate development degree of micro cracks in oil.Logging evaluation cementing quality is formed by cement gel.
Evaluate achievement according to areal geology understanding and well log interpretation and calculate shale completion quality CQ:
In formula, brit is brittleness index, %; Shmax is maximum horizontal stress, MPa; Shmin is minimum level stress, MPa; Ffp is formation fracture pressure, MPa; Fgd is development degree of micro cracks in oil, decimal; Ce is cementing quality, decimal; WT1, WT2, WT3, WT4, WT5, WT6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; g
1, g
2, g
3, g
4, g
5, g
6being respectively with brit, shmax, shmin, ffp, fgd, ce is the function of independent variable.
4, according to the method for shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality calculating reservoir integrated quality WQ be:
WQ=h1(RQ)+h2(CQ)
In formula, it is the function of independent variable that h1, h2 are respectively with RQ, CQ.
5, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality is combined with geological model, sets up following grading evaluation criteria:
High-quality: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir.
Better: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; 0.45≤WQ < 0.65 and well track
Walk in reservoir.
General: WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are at reservoir
In walk.
Poor: WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside.
6, according to the method for grading evaluation criteria preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval be:
WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are at reservoir
In walk.
Namely grade scale is selected to carry out sub-clustering perforation for general and other well section of higher level.
Embodiment 3
Utilize a method for well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, comprise the steps:
A, utilize well-log information, seismic data sets up horizontal well geological model and identifies shale reservoir;
B, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir quality;
C, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality;
D, calculate reservoir integrated quality according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality meter;
E, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality to be combined with geological model, to set up grading evaluation criteria, thus preferred clustering perforated interval.
The method calculating shale reservoir quality RQ is:
In formula, toc is total content of organic carbon, %; Gas is air content, m3/t; Vsh is clay content, %; Hd is reservoir thickness, m; Ms is buried depth, m; Ppg is reservoir pressure coefficient, MPa/m; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6 are respectively with toc, gas, Vsh, hd, ms, ppg.
The method calculating shale gas reservoir completions quality CQ is:
In formula, brit is brittleness index, %; Shmax is maximum horizontal stress, MPa; Shmin is minimum level stress, MPa; Ffp is formation fracture pressure, MPa; Fgd is development degree of micro cracks in oil, decimal; Ce is cementing quality, decimal; WT1, WT2, WT3, WT4, WT5, WT6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, g6 are respectively with brit, shmax, shmin, ffp, fgd, ce;
The method calculating reservoir integrated quality WQ according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality is:
WQ=h1(RQ)+h2(CQ)
In formula, it is the function of independent variable that h1, h2 are respectively with RQ, CQ.
Shale gas well reservoir integrated quality is combined with geological model, sets up following grading evaluation criteria:
High-quality: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
Better: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; 0.45≤WQ < 0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
General: WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track
Walk in reservoir;
Poor: WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside.
Method according to grading evaluation criteria preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval is:
WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir, namely select grade scale to carry out sub-clustering perforation for general and other well section of higher level.
Embodiment 4
For Sichuan Basin NH2-5 horizontal well, the present invention will be further described.
(1) by NH2-5 borehole logging tool data with lead a JingN2Jing (straight well) well-log information and contrast, set up geological model (Fig. 1), NH2-5 borehole logging tool explains 8 reservoirs (table 1).
(2) the completion Q factor (table 1) such as reservoir Q factor and poisson's ratio, brittleness index and formation fracture pressure such as total content of organic carbon, total air content, degree of porosity, clay content, reservoir thickness is calculated with well-log information.
Table 1 NH2-5 well reservoir Q factor and completion Q factor statistical form
(3) according to reservoir Q factor and completion Q factor result of calculation, carried out adding up (table 2), for formation testing decision references to the reservoir quality of all kinds of reservoir and completion quality.
Table 2 Reservoir Classification statistical form
(4) clustering perforated interval is preferred
Explain reservoir quality, completion quality and the geological model of 8 according to NH2-5 borehole logging tool, advise 3,4,7,8,6# reservoir carries out clustering perforation, formation testing result shows that effect is better.
Claims (7)
1. utilize a method for well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A, utilize well-log information, seismic data sets up horizontal well geological model and identifies shale reservoir;
B, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir quality;
C, utilize well-log information to calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality key parameter, calculate shale gas reservoir completions quality;
D, calculate reservoir integrated quality according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality meter;
E, shale gas well reservoir integrated quality to be combined with geological model, to set up grading evaluation criteria, thus preferred clustering perforated interval.
2. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, by horizontal wellbore logging data with lead a borehole logging tool data and contrast, identify reservoir, carry out recovery and the foundation of geological model in conjunction with seismic data, show that situation met by horizontal well track brill in the earth formation.
3. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described step b, and the method calculating shale reservoir quality RQ is:
In formula, toc is total content of organic carbon, %; Gas is air content, m3/t; Vsh is clay content, %; Hd is reservoir thickness, m; Ms is buried depth, m; Ppg is reservoir pressure coefficient, MPa/m; W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6 are respectively with toc, gas, Vsh, hd, ms, ppg.
4. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step c, and the method calculating shale gas reservoir completions quality CQ is:
In formula, brit is brittleness index, %; Shmax is maximum horizontal stress, MPa; Shmin is minimum level stress, MPa; Ffp is formation fracture pressure, MPa; Fgd is development degree of micro cracks in oil, decimal; Ce is cementing quality, decimal; WT1, WT2, WT3, WT4, WT5, WT6 are respectively weight coefficient, decimal; It is the function of independent variable that g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, g6 are respectively with brit, shmax, shmin, ffp, fgd, ce.
5. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described steps d, and the method calculating reservoir integrated quality WQ according to shale gas reservoir quality and completion quality is:
WQ=h1(RQ)+h2(CQ)
In formula, it is the function of independent variable that h1, h2 are respectively with RQ, CQ.
6. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step e, is combined by shale gas well reservoir integrated quality, sets up following grading evaluation criteria with geological model:
High-quality: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
Better: WQ >=0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; 0.45≤WQ < 0.65 and well track are walked in reservoir;
General: WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track
Walk in reservoir;
Poor: WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside.
7. the method utilizing well-log information preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step e, and the method according to grading evaluation criteria preferred shale gas horizontal well sub-clustering perforated interval is:
WQ >=0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir outside; WQ < 0.45 and well track are walked in reservoir, namely select grade scale to carry out sub-clustering perforation for general and other well section of higher level.
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