CN105221085A - Two half active crown-block heave compensator that floats - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heave compensation device for a double-floating semi-active crane, which comprises a set of main pulley guide rails and two sets of guide pulley guide rails vertically installed on the upper end surface of the crane girder; floating main pulleys are installed in the main pulley guide rails Assembly, the main pulley is installed on the lower end of the floating main pulley assembly; the cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder and the active cylinder are installed on the lower end of the crown beam, and the piston rods of the passive cylinder and the active cylinder are respectively connected with the frame of the floating main pulley assembly upwards. A set of guide pulley assemblies is installed in each set of guide pulley guide rails, and the two sets of guide pulley assemblies are fixed together; each guide pulley assembly is provided with a pair of auxiliary pulleys and a guide pulley; each guide pulley assembly A pair of auxiliary pulleys on the top are each wound with an auxiliary wire rope. The device of the present invention has a separate design of the guide pulley and the main pulley, has a simple and compact structure, and is light in weight.

Description

Double-floating semi-active crane heave compensation device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore oil drilling equipment, and relates to a heave compensation device for a double-floating semi-active crane.

Background technique

During deepwater drilling operations, under the action of waves, the floating drilling platform/ship will produce periodic heave movements, which will drive the drill string to reciprocate up and down, causing changes in the drilling pressure on the seabed, and even make the drill bit detached from the bottom of the well, making it impossible to drill. In the installation operation of underwater equipment such as BOP, the ups and downs of the floating drilling platform/ship make it impossible to accurately locate and make the installation difficult. The function of the heave compensation device is to compensate the heave movement of the floating drilling platform/ship, so that the deep water operation can be carried out smoothly. Through the heave compensation device, the relative movement between the drill bit and the bottom of the well can be reduced, thereby ensuring the stability of drilling pressure, ensuring continuous drilling when the platform/ship is in heave motion, and improving drilling efficiency. At the same time, during the installation of underwater equipment, it can be accurately positioned, quickly installed, and improve operating efficiency. The heave compensation device can effectively expand the scope of the drilling platform/ship operation field and enhance the operation adaptability.

Drill string heave compensation devices include telescopic drill pipe type compensation, drawworks/twist type compensation, traveling type compensation, crown type compensation and dead rope/live rope compensation, etc. Among them, traveling vehicle compensation and sky vehicle compensation are the most widely used compensation forms. Crane compensation and crane compensation have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crane compensation is generally applied to small and medium tonnage drilling systems, and crown compensation is generally applied to large tonnage drilling systems.

The currently used compensation for the traveling car and the crane is a hydraulic heave compensation system, which uses the relative displacement between the piston rod and the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder to compensate the heave motion of the platform/ship. According to its power supply method, it can be divided into three types: active type, passive type and semi-active type. The active compensation system has the advantages of high compensation accuracy and fast compensation speed, but the structure is complex, the energy consumption is too large, and the cost is high. The passive compensation system basically consumes no extra energy and has a simple structure, but the compensation effect is poor and has hysteresis. The semi-active compensation system combines the advantages of the two, with high compensation accuracy and relatively low energy consumption.

At present, the crown block compensation device adopts the structure of the rocker slider. The compensation effect of this structure is closely related to the design of the rocker slider structure. There are problems in that the structure is huge and the total weight is too heavy, which affects the strength and stability of the derrick.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-floating semi-active crown block heave compensation device, which solves the problems in the prior art that the structure is huge and the total weight is too heavy, which affects the strength and stability of the derrick.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a double-floating semi-active crane heave compensation device, which includes a set of main pulley guide rails and two sets of guide pulley guide rails vertically installed on the upper end surface of the crane girder, and two sets of guide pulley guide rails The pulley guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the main pulley guide rail; the main pulley guide rail is equipped with a floating main pulley assembly slidingly installed, and the main pulley is installed in the middle of the lower end surface of the floating main pulley assembly;

The cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder and the active cylinder are respectively fixedly installed on the lower end of the crown beam, and the piston rods of the passive cylinder and the active cylinder are respectively hinged upwards with the frame body of the floating main pulley assembly; each set of guide pulley guide rails is equipped with a sliding installation There is a set of guide pulley assemblies, and the two sets of guide pulley assemblies are fixed together; each guide pulley assembly is provided with a pair of auxiliary pulleys and a guide pulley, and the pair of auxiliary pulleys are diagonally distributed on both sides of the guide pulley;

A pair of auxiliary pulleys on each guide pulley assembly is wound with an auxiliary wire rope, and one end of the two auxiliary wire ropes is fixed side by side on the guide pulley guide rail, and after bypassing the auxiliary pulley on the guide pulley assembly, the other end Side by side fixed on the frame body of the floating main pulley assembly.

The double-floating semi-active crane heave compensation device of the present invention is further characterized by:

It also includes the drilling wire rope. One end of the drilling wire rope is led out from the drawworks, and it goes around the guide pulley in the guide pulley assembly at the fast rope end, the pulley in the traveling block, the main pulley in the floating main pulley assembly, the pulley in the traveling block and the dead end. The guide pulley in the guide pulley assembly of the rope end, and the other end is connected with the dead rope connector.

The floating main pulley assembly is in rolling contact with the main pulley guide rail through the roller mechanism one installed at both ends, and each guide pulley assembly is in rolling contact with the respective guide pulley guide rail through the roller mechanism two installed at the outer end.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the guide pulley and the main pulley are designed separately, and the two move up and down along their respective guide rails under the action of the rollers to form a double floating crane compensation device; compared with the existing structure, since four The auxiliary pulley and the rocker swing arm mechanism have no overhanging parts as a whole, the structure is simple and compact, and the weight is light, which effectively solves the problem of excessive weight in the current crane compensation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the body of the heave compensation device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the heave compensation device body of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the body of the heave compensation device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Main pulley guide rail, 2. Guide pulley guide rail, 3. Auxiliary wire rope, 4. Floating main pulley assembly, 5. Guide pulley assembly, 6. Drilling wire rope, 7. Crane beam, 8. Passive cylinder , 9. Active cylinder, 10. Touring car.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the structure of the present invention is that a group of main pulley guide rails 1 and two sets of guide pulley guide rails 2 are vertically installed on the upper end surface of the crown beam 7 respectively, and the two sets of guide pulley guide rails 2 are symmetrical It is arranged on the front and rear sides of the main pulley guide rail 1; the main pulley guide rail 1 is slidably installed with a floating main pulley assembly 4, and the floating main pulley assembly 4 is in rolling contact with the main pulley guide rail 1 through the roller mechanism installed at both ends, and the floating main pulley assembly The main pulley is installed in the middle of the lower end face of the pulley assembly 4;

The cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9 are respectively fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the crane beam 7 (the embodiment is two sets of passive cylinders 8 and two sets of active cylinders 9, symmetrically arranged on both sides), the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9 The piston rods are respectively hinged upwards with the frame body of the floating main pulley assembly 4; each set of guide pulley guide rails 2 is respectively matched with a set of guide pulley assemblies 5, and the two sets of guide pulley assemblies 5 are fixed together to keep the upper and lower Synchronous movement, each guide pulley assembly 5 is in rolling contact with the respective guide pulley guide rail 2 through the roller mechanism 2 installed on the outer end; each guide pulley assembly 5 is provided with a pair of auxiliary pulleys and a guide pulley, the pair of auxiliary pulleys Angles are distributed on both sides of the guide pulley, the auxiliary pulley is used to wind the auxiliary wire rope 3, and the guide pulley is used to wind the drilling wire rope 6;

A pair of auxiliary pulleys on each guide pulley assembly 5 is respectively wound with an auxiliary wire rope 3, and one end of the two auxiliary wire ropes 3 is fixed side by side on the guide pulley guide rail 2, bypassing the auxiliary pulley on the guide pulley assembly 5 Finally, the other ends are fixed side by side on the frame body of the floating main pulley assembly 4; two sets of guide pulley assemblies 5 have four auxiliary wire ropes 3 in total;

One end of the drilling wire rope 6 is drawn out from the drawworks, and then bypasses the guide pulley in the guide pulley assembly 5 at the fast rope end, the pulley in the traveling block 10, the main pulley in the floating main pulley assembly 4, the pulley in the traveling block 10 and the dead wheel. The guide pulley in the guide pulley assembly 5 of rope end, the other end is connected with dead rope connector.

Under the joint action of auxiliary wire rope 3 and drilling wire rope 6, guide pulley assembly 5 can move up and down along guide pulley guide rail 2 by the roller mechanism two at its two ends. Under the combined action of passive cylinder 8, active cylinder 9, auxiliary wire rope 3 and drilling wire rope 6, the floating main pulley assembly 4 can move up and down along the main pulley guide rail 1 by the roller mechanisms at its two ends. Due to the movable pulley effect of the auxiliary pulley on the guide pulley assembly 5, the stroke of the floating main pulley assembly 4 is twice that of the guide pulley assembly 5 strokes.

The main pulley and the side guide pulley adopt a split design, and under the action of their respective roller mechanisms, they move up and down along their respective guide rails to form a double floating structure.

The placement angles of the main pulley and the side guide pulley can be properly adjusted according to the needs of the wire rope running along or crossing.

The interface form between the crane girder 7 and the derrick can be designed according to different supporting requirements, and can be matched on various derricks; it is also possible to add guide pulleys to meet the requirements of the wire rope entry angle according to actual conditions.

Working process of the present invention is:

When the platform/ship drilling system rises with the waves, it drives the crane beam 7 and its main pulley guide rail 1, guide pulley guide rail 2, and the cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9 to move upward together, and the floating crane assembly 4 Due to the momentary inertia, the piston rods of the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9 move downward relative to the cylinder, which is equivalent to the contraction of the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9. The guide pulley guide rail 2 drives the installation point of the auxiliary wire rope 3 to move upward, and the guide pulley assembly 5 also moves upward under the action of the auxiliary wire rope 3 and the drilling wire rope 6. Downward movement. The position of the floating crown block assembly 4 and the traveling block 10 relative to the well bottom remains unchanged, and the length of the drilling wire rope 6 between the floating crown block assembly 4 and the traveling block 10 remains unchanged, that is, the tension of the wire rope remains unchanged;

On the contrary, when the platform/ship drilling system descends with the waves, it drives the crane beam 7 and its main pulley guide rail 1, guide pulley guide rail 2, and the cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder 8 and active cylinder 9 to move downward, that is, the passive cylinder 8 and the piston rod of the active cylinder 9 move upward relative to the cylinder, and the passive cylinder 8 and the active cylinder 9 stretch. The guide pulley guide rail 2 drives the installation point of the auxiliary wire rope 3 to move downward, and the guide pulley assembly 5 also moves downward under the effect of the auxiliary wire rope 3 and the drilling wire rope 6 . The floating crown block assembly 4 moves upward relative to the main pulley guide rail 1 . The position of the floating crown block assembly 4 and the traveling block 10 relative to the bottom of the well remains unchanged, and the length of the drilling wire rope 6 between the floating crown block assembly 4 and the traveling block 10 remains unchanged, that is, the tension of the wire rope remains unchanged.

It can be seen from the above process that when the platform/ship drilling system rises or falls with the waves, only the hydraulic cylinder shrinks or stretches, and the air is discharged or sucked in, that is, the air spring is compressed or stretched out, and at the same time, the guide pulley assembly 5 floats Half of the stroke of the crown block assembly 4 rises or falls, while the floating crown block assembly 4 and traveling block 10 and the drilling wire rope 6 during the period do not move relative to each other, and keep their position relative to the bottom of the well, so that the bottom hole pressure remains unchanged. , so as to achieve the purpose of compensation.

The device of the present invention removes the traditional rocker mechanism and four sets of auxiliary pulleys, and has no overhanging structure as a whole, and has a compact and symmetrical structure, and its weight is greatly reduced compared with the traditional rocker slider mechanism. Disadvantages, improve the safety factor of the derrick, and improve the adaptability of the crown block compensation.

Claims (3)

1. A double-floating semi-active crane heave compensation device is characterized in that: a group of main pulley guide rails (1) and two groups of guide pulley guide rails (2) are vertically installed on the upper end surface of the crane beam (7) ), and two sets of guide pulley guide rails (2) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the main pulley guide rail (1); the main pulley guide rail (1) is equipped with a floating main pulley assembly (4), which is slidably installed, and the floating main pulley assembly ( 4) The main pulley is installed in the middle of the lower end surface; the cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder (8) and the active cylinder (9) are respectively fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the crane beam (7), and the cylinder barrels of the passive cylinder (8) and the active cylinder (9) are fixed respectively. The piston rods are respectively hinged upwards with the frame body of the floating main pulley assembly (4); each set of guide pulley guide rails (2) is respectively matched with a set of guide pulley assemblies (5), and two sets of guide pulley assemblies (5) are fixed together; each guide pulley assembly (5) is provided with a pair of auxiliary pulleys and a guide pulley, and the pair of auxiliary pulleys are diagonally distributed on both sides of the guide pulley; A pair of auxiliary pulleys on each guide pulley assembly (5) is respectively wound with an auxiliary wire rope (3), and one end of the two auxiliary wire ropes (3) is fixed on the guide pulley guide rail (2), bypassing the guide pulley After the auxiliary pulley on the assembly (5), the other end is fixed on the floating main pulley assembly (4) frame body. 2. The double-floating semi-active crown block heave compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a drilling wire rope (6), one end of the drilling wire rope (6) is drawn out from the drawworks, and bypasses the guide at the end of the fast rope in turn The guide pulley in the pulley assembly (5), the pulley in the travel block (10), the main pulley in the floating main pulley assembly (4), the pulley in the travel block (10) and the guide pulley assembly at the dead rope end ( 5) The other end of the guide pulley is connected with the dead rope connector. 3. The double-floating semi-active crane heave compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating main pulley assembly (4) is connected with the main pulley guide rail (1 ) rolling contact, each guide pulley assembly (5) is in rolling contact with the respective guide pulley guide rail (2) by the roller mechanism two installed on the outer end.