CN105215538A - A kind of process of surface treatment - Google Patents
A kind of process of surface treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105215538A CN105215538A CN201510715976.1A CN201510715976A CN105215538A CN 105215538 A CN105215538 A CN 105215538A CN 201510715976 A CN201510715976 A CN 201510715976A CN 105215538 A CN105215538 A CN 105215538A
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- magnesium alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of process of surface treatment, the microstructure of workpiece is improved by the High Rotation Speed of mixing needle, improve the performance of workpiece, processing to as if magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy and copper alloy, comprising: oil removing---washing---rust cleaning---Ultrasonic Cleaning---early stage heat treatment---mixing yoghurt---remove oxide-film---acetone Ultrasonic Cleaning---washing---oven dry.It is taper that agitating friction technological parameter comprises joint geometry, and mixing needle diameter is 5-10mm, and the shaft shoulder is 15-25mm, and the fixture speed of rotation is 700-2500r/min, and speed of welding is 30-120mm/min, and volume under pressure is 0.5mm-3mm.This invention can be passed through one or many mixing yoghurt, improves hardness and the percentage elongation of material, and this technique environmental protection, be convenient to large-scale production, meet the process requirements of different materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process of surface treatment.
Background technology
Magnesium is the 8th kind of element the richest on the earth, and its weight accounts for 2.35% of the earth's crust, 0.13% of ocean.China is one of country that in global range, magnesium resource is the richest, and magnesite gross reserves reaches 2,700,000,000 tons, dolomite mineral more than 40 hundred million tons, has the advantage developing magnesium alloy industry very significantly.The density of pure magnesium is 1.738Mg/m3, and the magnesium alloy being base with it has a series of premium properties:
1. density is low, and specific strength, specific stiffness are high.Density is about 2/3 of aluminium, 1/4 of steel, is metal material the lightest in practical application, can be used for the parts of automobile and portable product.The intensity of magnesium alloy is close to aluminium alloy, but the specific strength of magnesium alloy is apparently higher than aluminium alloy and steel, and specific stiffness is then close to aluminium alloy.
2. shrinkage factor uniformity, has good creep strength, does not need annealing and eliminate stress just to have good dimensional stability.
3. good thermal diffusivity.The thermal conductivity of magnesium alloy will be good than plastics many, magnesium alloy can be derived the heat that internal electronic device produces soon as electronic product casing, and avoid electronic device Yin Gaowen and break down, this is that engineering plastics are incomparable.
4. shock absorption is good, is conducive to damping and reduces noise.Magnesium alloy by external force time easily produce large distortion make primary structure member stress distribution evenly.In elastic range, when be hit load time, magnesium alloy the large half that absorbs of absorbent energy Ratios aluminium.This characteristic is lower relevant with its elastic modelling quantity, because the resilience work of deformation and elastic modelling quantity are inversely proportional to.
5. Phase change shrinkage rate is about 1/3 of aluminium alloy, and shrinkage cavity tendency is little.Less than ripe and latent heat, thus good fluidity, solidify fast.The stamp flowing velocity of magnesium alloy is about 1.25 times of aluminium alloy, improves 40% one 50% for productivity ratio aluminium alloy during Die Casting.
6. there is larger casting adaptability, except sand casting, also can nearly all Special Processes of Metal Castings technique such as permanent mold casting, compression casting, shell moulded casting, plaster casting, low pressure casting.
7. nonmagnetic, can be used for electromagnetic shielding.
8. recoverable.
9. there is good machinability.
The a series of superior performance that magnesium alloy has, makes it all obtain application in mobile phone, notebook computer, digital camera, video camera, aircraft, automobile, motorcycle, bicycle, war products, weaving, printing, chemical metallurgy and the industry such as anticorrosion.Now do one with regard to electronics, automobile, bicycle and biomedical four main application industries simply to introduce.
Automobile industry
For alleviating vehicle weight to reduce oil consumption, and " eco-friendly car " is to the requirement of material recuperability, and magnesium alloy application is in the automotive industry increasingly extensive.The area that in current auto industry, magnesium alloy consumption is more and country be North America, Europe, Japan and Korea S mainly.Abroad from 1991 to 2000, car magnesium alloy amount added 4 times during the decade, use Magnesium Alloys Components more than 60 kinds, each producer various vehicle use amount is different, integrates the multiple parts comprising car inner member, car body member, transmission system and chassis.The Mg alloy castings that U.S.'s Ford, general, Chrysler 3 company adopt on each automobile reaches 30,45 and 20 respectively.The Volvo CP2000 vehicle full weight 700kg of the up-to-date release of Sweden, magnesium alloy member used reaches 50kg, comprises the vitals such as wheel is firm, clutch box, steering box, back boom, engine mount, inlet manifold, cylinder block.Automobile factory of China uses magnesium alloy member also just to start, and the producers such as a current vapour, east wind and Shanghai Volkswagen are in use, and the gear box casing of Shanghai Santana Car, cap and clutch outer member etc. use magnesium alloy amount to be about 8.5kg.Generally speaking the service condition of China's magnesium alloy also lags far behind developed country, and the market potential of this respect is also very large.
Bicycle trade
Bicycle is manually driven instrument, and alleviating quality can be easy to use.Bicycle manufacturer tries to explore always and constantly uses new material and new technology, produces the lighter vehicle frame that the public needs.As bicycle rack, magnesium alloy has the advantages such as density is little, rich content, machinability are good, damping property excellent (higher than duralumin 100 times, higher than steel alloy 20 times of unit damping property, than titanium alloy height 300-500 doubly).In addition, magnesium alloy product has higher anti-lateral impact and load capacity.TaiWan, China bicycle industry research and development center complex Duo Jia Bicycle Plant, has developed magnesium alloy bicycle, and annual production magnesium alloy bicycle 100,000, reach 3,000,000 in 3 years, each price is 450 dollars, sells to European & American Market.China mainland is in recent years also at exploitation magnesium alloy bicycle, the first special steel Far East magnesium alloy product company in the Beijing set up by special steel company of group of Beijing Capital Iron and Steel and the Far East, Baoding group, develop " Far East is beautiful " magnesium alloy bicycle, vehicle frame is formed by magnesium alloy pressure-casting, remaining part is Al alloy, complete vehicle quality is about 8kg.10kg, now goes on the market.
Communication electron trade
Magnesium alloy has a wide range of applications now on portable computer, camera equipment and Communication Equipment.According to data, magnesium alloy is applied in the ratio of Laptop case by 1.3% in 1996, is increased to 14.5% in 2000, but the application percentage own arrival 30% in fact estimated by the manufacturer of Taiwan; After 1998, all notebook computer manufacturers of Japan are all proposed the type of magnesium alloy case, and the machine of current below 38cm has used magnesium alloy as shell comprehensively; The notebook computer such as association, Asus of China also partly have employed magnesium alloy case in 1999.In addition, the consumption of magnesium alloy on mobile phone, camera and housing of TV set is also in swift and violent growth.
Bio-medical material
Magnesium alloy is as hard tissue implanting material, there is a series of outstanding advantage, as: density is little (is about 1.79/cm3, compact bone density close to people's bone), specific strength and specific stiffness is high, good processability, elastic modelling quantity lower (with human body coupling, can effective relieve stresses occlusion effect) etc.In addition, magnesium alloy also participates in a series of metabolic processes in human body, comprises the formation of osteocyte, accelerated bone healing ability.
Friction stir welding (Frictionstirwelding, FSW) be the patent solder technology that Britain's institute of welding (TWI) proposes, its welding joint structure can not produce and melt the weld defect relevant with process of setting, as crackle, pore, segregation be mingled with: ask short during welding, heat affected area is narrow, organizes without obvious alligatoring; Need not add and fill metal and inert gas shielding, simplify technique; Heating-up temperature is low, welding deformation and residual stress little; There is the effect of power in face of weld and near zone thereof, creates some mechanics metallurgical effects, as crystal grain thinning, dense structure, constituent phases Dispersed precipitate etc.Therefore, it is high that agitating friction solder technology has welding quality, and suitable material is wide, the remarkable advantages such as energy-saving material-saving low stain.On this basis, the human hair such as Mishra understands a kind of new solid-state processing techniques---mixing yoghurt technology (Frictionstirprocessing, FSP).This know-why is fairly simple.Friction head (for the shaft shoulder and mixing needle two parts composition) under the effect of axial compressive force with workpiece close contact, metal is made to occur by friction generates heat softening, under the churned mechanically effect of mixing needle, metal flows, friction head moves along certain direction simultaneously, completes whole technical process.After FSP processing, the tissue of workpiece can be divided into 4 parts:
1. agitating friction district (Frictionstirzone, FSZ), this district is subject to the direct effect of mixing needle, and heat affecting and plastic deformation are the fiercest, whole occurrence dynamics recrystallization under thermomechanical effect, and crystal grain is the most tiny, organizes the most even:
2. the thermomechanical zone of influence (Thermalmechanicalaffectedzone, TMAZ), this region material has created violent plastic deformation, but due to from mixing needle centre distance relatively away from, it is violent that heat affecting and plastic deformation degree are not so good as agitating friction district, and sometimes the border of Magnesium Alloy in Friction Stir district and the thermomechanical zone of influence is very not obvious;
3. heat affected area (Heataffectedzone, HAZ), only receive the impact of thermal cycle;
4. matrix;
Due to the region closest to the shaft shoulder, institutional framework has a greater change usually, and also can be subdivided into nip under the shaft shoulder, this district is near the shaft shoulder, and bear maximum thermomechanical effect, there occurs dynamic recrystallization the most thoroughly, grain structure is the most tiny.Also define advance face, advance side (Advancingside) is the Rotating speed side identical with speed of welding direction; Retreating side, retreat side (Retreatingside) for the Rotating speed side contrary with speed of welding direction.
From in fact, mixing yoghurt technology and hot extrusion, Equal-channel Angular Pressing (EqualChannelAngularExtrusion, etc. ECAE) material preparation technology is the same, also be a kind of thermo-mechanical processi technology (ThermalMechanicalProcessing), that the heat that produced by agitating friction and plastic deformation carry out crystal grain thinning, homogenising microstructure, thus significantly improve magnesium alloy mechanical performance and ductility, obtain superplasticity even.Compared with other solid-state processing techniques, mixing yoghurt, because of not heated parts (the oxidizable burning of magnesium alloy), does not have unique advantage by the restriction of workpiece shapes and processing environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of process of surface treatment.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of process of surface treatment, the microstructure of workpiece is improved by the High Rotation Speed of mixing needle, improve the performance of workpiece, processing to as if magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy and copper alloy, comprising: oil removing---washing---rust cleaning---Ultrasonic Cleaning---early stage heat treatment---mixing yoghurt---remove oxide-film---acetone Ultrasonic Cleaning---washing---oven dry.It is taper that agitating friction technological parameter comprises joint geometry, and mixing needle diameter is 5---10mm, and the shaft shoulder is 15---25mm, the fixture speed of rotation is 700---2500r/min, speed of welding is 30---120mm/min, volume under pressure is 0.5mm---3mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of process of surface treatment, the microstructure of workpiece is improved by the High Rotation Speed of mixing needle, improve the performance of workpiece, processing to as if magnesium alloy, board dimension 300mm × 400mm × 5mm, comprising: casting, and------------Ultrasonic Cleaning------------dry mixing yoghurt to remove oxide-film in heat treatment in early stage by acetone Ultrasonic Cleaning---washing---in rust cleaning in washing in oil removing.It is taper that agitating friction technological parameter comprises joint geometry, and mixing needle diameter is 5mm, and the shaft shoulder is 15mm, the fixture speed of rotation is 700r/min, and speed of welding is 30/min, and volume under pressure is the thickness of sheet material, after this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, tensile strength and the yield strength of magnesium alloy obviously promote.
Embodiment 2
A kind of process of surface treatment, the microstructure of workpiece is improved by the High Rotation Speed of mixing needle, improve the performance of workpiece, processing to as if copper alloy, board dimension 50mm × 450mm × 5mm, comprising: casting, and------------Ultrasonic Cleaning------------dry twice mixing yoghurt to remove oxide-film in heat treatment in early stage by acetone Ultrasonic Cleaning---washing---in rust cleaning in washing in oil removing.It is taper that agitating friction technological parameter comprises joint geometry, mixing needle diameter is 5mm, the shaft shoulder is 15mm, the fixture speed of rotation is 700r/min, speed of welding is 30/min, volume under pressure is the thickness of sheet material, and after this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, the hardness of copper alloy and percentage elongation have than raw material and promote by a relatively large margin.
Claims (2)
1. a process of surface treatment, it is characterized in that the High Rotation Speed by mixing needle improves the microstructure of workpiece, improve the performance of workpiece, processing to as if magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy and copper alloy, comprising: oil removing---washing---rust cleaning---Ultrasonic Cleaning---early stage heat treatment---mixing yoghurt---remove oxide-film---acetone Ultrasonic Cleaning---washing---oven dry.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is taper that described agitating friction technological parameter comprises joint geometry, mixing needle diameter is 5---10mm, the shaft shoulder is 15---25mm, the fixture speed of rotation is 700---2500r/min, and speed of welding is 30---120mm/min, volume under pressure is the thickness of sheet material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510715976.1A CN105215538A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | A kind of process of surface treatment |
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| CN201510715976.1A CN105215538A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | A kind of process of surface treatment |
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| CN105215538A true CN105215538A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107150165A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that mixing yoghurt prevention aluminum alloy lapped welds grain boundary liquation crackle |
| CN107385451A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州派肯科技有限公司 | A kind of high-efficiency environment friendly metal-derusting method |
| CN108642436A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 重庆理工大学 | Metallic titanium surface high rigidity aoxidizes membrane preparation method |
| CN109940259A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-06-28 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | A method of improving aluminum alloy plate materials bending and forming |
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| JP2001071155A (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-03-21 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Friction stir welding material having high fatigue strength, friction stir welding rotary tool for producing the same, and friction stir welding method |
| US20060013645A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-01-19 | Rostyslav Ilyushenko | Welding method |
| CN1939645A (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-04-04 | 普兰西欧洲股份公司 | Composite material and technique for producing same |
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| CN103521941A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Welding method of hollow aluminum alloy structure |
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2015
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510715976.1A patent/CN105215538A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| JP2001071155A (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-03-21 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Friction stir welding material having high fatigue strength, friction stir welding rotary tool for producing the same, and friction stir welding method |
| US20060013645A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-01-19 | Rostyslav Ilyushenko | Welding method |
| CN1939645A (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-04-04 | 普兰西欧洲股份公司 | Composite material and technique for producing same |
| CN103008872A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-03 | 天津大学 | Stirring friction processing remanufacturing method of worn shaft type parts |
| CN103521941A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Welding method of hollow aluminum alloy structure |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107150165A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that mixing yoghurt prevention aluminum alloy lapped welds grain boundary liquation crackle |
| CN107150165B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2020-01-07 | 东北大学 | A method for preventing liquefaction cracks at grain boundaries in lap welding of aluminum alloys by friction stir machining |
| CN107385451A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州派肯科技有限公司 | A kind of high-efficiency environment friendly metal-derusting method |
| CN108642436A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 重庆理工大学 | Metallic titanium surface high rigidity aoxidizes membrane preparation method |
| CN108642436B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆理工大学 | Preparation method of high-hardness oxide film on surface of metal titanium |
| CN109940259A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-06-28 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | A method of improving aluminum alloy plate materials bending and forming |
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