CN105156617A - Concave-convex type friction drive side hanging type self-adaption automatic variable speed drive assembly of electric motor car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly for an electric motorcycle, which includes a box body, a transmission shaft, a slow gear transmission mechanism and a mechanical intelligent self-adaptive variable speed assembly. The side suspension is installed on the installation part of the hub side, and the friction surface of the active friction disc and the friction surface of the driven friction disc of the mechanical intelligent self-adaptive transmission assembly adopts a concave-convex phase-embedded friction surface friction transmission pair. The combined structure has the advantages of sensitive response and small axial size; at the same time, the radial section of the friction surface adopts a concave-convex structure that fits with each other to ensure the joint of the friction surface under the condition of limited radial size. It is beneficial to ensure the coaxiality of the active friction disc and the driven friction disc, and it is also beneficial to increase the friction surface to ensure good transmission under the condition of limited elastic force; it is also beneficial to ensure the sensitivity of separation and engagement, and improve the transmission accuracy. It is suitable for electric motors car field.

Description

Electric motorcycle concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly

technical field

The invention relates to a motor vehicle transmission, in particular to a concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly for an electric motorcycle.

Background technique

In the prior art, automobiles, motorcycles, and electric bicycles basically directly control the throttle or current control speed through a speed control handle or an accelerator pedal, or use a manual mechanical automatic transmission mechanism to realize speed change. The operation of the handle or accelerator pedal depends entirely on the driver's operation, which often causes a mismatch between the operation and the driving conditions, resulting in unstable operation of the motor or engine, and stalling.

When the motor vehicle is operated by the rider without knowing the driving resistance, the speed change device is operated and controlled only based on experience, which inevitably has the following problems: 1. When starting, going uphill and with a large load, due to the increase in driving resistance, the motor or The engine speed drops to work in the low efficiency area. 2. Since there is no mechanical transmission to adjust the torque and speed, it can only be used in plain areas, and it cannot be used in mountainous, hilly and heavy-load conditions, which reduces the scope of use; 3. The installation space at the drive wheel is small, and the engine or motor is installed It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies in the future; 4. It does not have the function of self-adaptation, and cannot automatically detect, correct and eliminate the driver's operation errors; Resistance is hard to match. 6. The continuation distance is short, the climbing ability is poor, and the adaptability range is small.

In order to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present application have invented a series of cam adaptive automatic transmission devices, which use driving resistance to drive the cam to achieve the purpose of automatic gear shifting and adaptive matching of vehicle speed output torque according to driving resistance, which has a good application effect ; Although the aforementioned cam adaptive automatic transmission has the above-mentioned advantages, its stability and high efficiency are greatly improved compared with the prior art, but the structure of some parts is relatively complicated, the volume of the transmission is large, and the deformation of the long-term running parts is obvious, and there is no stability. support, resulting in high operating noise, affecting operating comfort and affecting transmission efficiency, resulting in high energy consumption; moreover, the fast and slow gear engagement and separation mechanism have a long axial joint surface stroke, and the separation and engagement are not thorough enough, which is not conducive to improving transmission accuracy. After periodic use, it will affect the overall shape and position tolerance, thereby affecting the stability of the transmission.

Therefore, there is a need for an improvement to the above-mentioned cam adaptive automatic transmission device, which can not only adapt to the change of driving resistance without cutting off the driving force, but also automatically shift gears and change gears, and solve the problem that small torque-rotational speed changes cannot meet road use under complex conditions. problems; long-term operation still ensures stable support, reduces operating noise, ensures operating comfort and improves transmission efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption; changes the status quo of fast and slow gear engagement, and the long stroke of the axial joint surface of the separation mechanism, and the separation engagement is fast and thorough , which is conducive to improving the transmission accuracy, and the overall shape and position tolerance will still be guaranteed after long-term use, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of an electric motorcycle, which can not only adapt to changes in driving resistance without cutting off the driving force, but also automatically perform gear shifting , to solve the problem that small torque-rotational speed changes cannot meet the problem of road use under complex conditions; long-term operation can still ensure stable support, reduce operating noise, ensure operating comfort and improve transmission efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption; change the fast and slow gear engagement and separation mechanism The current situation of the long stroke of the axial joint surface, the fast and thorough separation and joint are conducive to improving the transmission accuracy, and the overall shape and position tolerance will still be guaranteed after long-term use, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission.

The concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of the electric motorcycle of the present invention includes a box body and a transmission shaft that rotates with the box body and outputs power, and the box body has a device for side-mounting and mounting on the hub The installation part on the side also includes the slow gear transmission mechanism and the mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly arranged on the transmission shaft;

The mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly includes driven friction discs, active friction discs and variable speed elastic elements;

The active friction disc and the driven friction disc cooperate with each other to form a disc-type friction transmission pair for fast gear transmission, and the friction surface of the active friction disc and the friction surface of the driven friction disc form a fast gear transmission by embedding concave and convex. The disc friction transmission pair, and the radial section of one friction surface is a triangular or arc-shaped convex structure, and the radial section of the other friction surface is a concave triangle or arc shape; the variable speed elastic element is applied so that the driven friction The disc and the active friction disc are attached to the pre-tightening force of the transmission; the driven friction disc is sleeved on the transmission shaft and matched with it through the main transmission cam pair.

Further, the slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling elements, and a gap is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring for engaging or separating through the rolling elements. Engagement space, the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, the inner ring is rotatably arranged in the annular depression and the engagement space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the inner wall on the radially outer side of the annular depression; the active friction The disc inputs power to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch transmits the slow gear power to the driven friction disc; the active friction disc is used to receive the driving power;

Further, the variable speed elastic element exerts a pretightening force on the driven friction disc so that it is attached to the active friction disc for transmission; when the power output of the transmission shaft, the main transmission cam pair applies a pretightening force to the driven friction disc that is opposite to the pretightening force of the variable speed elastic component. Axial force component;

Further, at least one intermediate cam sleeve is provided on the drive shaft for the rotating fitting sleeve, one end of the intermediate cam sleeve is in transmission cooperation with the driven friction disc through the cam pair I, and the other end is in transmission cooperation with the inner ring of the overrunning clutch through the cam pair II, and the slow gear The power is transmitted from the power output end of the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism to the driven friction disc;

Further, the overrunning clutch also includes a support roller assembly, the support roller assembly at least includes a support roller parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced from the rolling body, the outer circle of the support roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body, so The supporting roller is arranged in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch;

Further, the inner ring axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring and the inner circle of the extension part has an inner ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft, and the inner circle of the outer ring has an outer ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft; The outer circle of the support portion of the inner ring forms an outer helical cam I, and the middle cam sleeve is provided with an inner helical cam I, and the inner helical cam I and the outer helical cam I cooperate with each other to form a helical cam pair I, and the helical cam pair I is a cam pair II;

Further, the backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall and the inner wall of the radially outer side of the annular depression of the outer ring through the backup roller bracket in such a manner that it can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. between the outer circles;

Further, the support roll bracket includes support ring I and support ring II corresponding to the two ends of the support roll, and the support ring I and support ring II are respectively provided with support ring I and support rings for the two ends of the support roll to penetrate. There is an annular groove in the circumferential direction of the support ring II, and the two ends of the support roller are slidably fitted with the corresponding annular groove; the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring is provided with an oil hole for passing lubricating oil, and the support ring I is located at The axial bottom of the annular depression and the bottom of the annular groove of the support ring I are provided with an axial through hole;

Furthermore, the main transmission cam pair is formed by the cooperation of the inner helical cam provided on the inner circle of the driven disc bushing and the inner helical cam provided on the transmission shaft formed integrally by the driven friction disc, and the active friction disc can be The axial sliding way is overlaid on the driven disc sleeve to form a disc friction transmission pair; the shaft section of the transmission shaft extending out of the box is equipped with a transmission member for transmission with the hub;

Further, a support frame with a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with the active friction disc, and the end of the support frame away from the active friction disc is rotatably supported on the gearbox body, and the variable speed elastic element is located in the space between the support frame and the transmission shaft and The outer sleeve is the outer sleeve and the transmission shaft.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle of the present invention has all the advantages of the existing cam self-adaptive automatic transmission device, if the driving torque can be detected according to the running resistance— Rotational speed and driving resistance—vehicle speed signal, so that the output power of the motor or engine and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best matching state, realizing the balanced control of the vehicle's driving torque and comprehensive driving resistance, and adaptively following the driving resistance without cutting off the driving force It can automatically shift gears and speed changes; it can meet the conditions of mountainous areas, hills and heavy loads, so that the motor or engine load changes smoothly, the motor vehicle runs smoothly, and improves safety; the friction disc is used to form a separate and combined structure, which has the advantages of responsiveness , and the axial size is small; at the same time, the radial cross-section concave-convex shape of the friction surface is used to fit each other. Under the condition of limited radial size, the joint of the friction surface is guaranteed, which is not only beneficial to ensure the active friction plate and the driven friction plate The coaxiality is also conducive to increasing the friction surface and ensuring good transmission under the condition of limited elastic force; it is also conducive to ensuring the sensitivity of separation and engagement and improving the transmission accuracy, which is suitable for the field of electric vehicles.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an overrunning clutch;

Fig. 3 is a circumferential sectional view of the overrunning clutch;

Fig. 4 is another structure of the concave-convex friction transmission pair of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an axial sectional structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an overrunning clutch, Fig. 3 is a circumferential sectional view of an overrunning clutch, and Fig. 4 is another structure of the concave-convex friction transmission pair of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the present invention The concave-convex friction transmission side-mounted self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle includes a box body 13 and a transmission shaft 1 that rotates with the box body 13 and outputs power. The box body 13 has a At the mounting part on the hub side, when in use, the motor is fixedly connected to the box body 13, and the box body 13 is fixedly connected to the frame on the hub side to form a side hanging structure;

It also includes a slow gear transmission mechanism and a mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly arranged on the transmission shaft 1;

The mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly includes driven friction disc 4, active friction disc 5 and transmission elastic element;

The active friction disc 5 and the driven friction disc 4 form a disc-type friction transmission pair that transmits fast gears in the way that the friction surfaces cooperate with each other. A disc-type friction transmission pair for transmitting fast gears is formed, and the radial cross-section of one friction surface is a triangular or circular arc-shaped convex structure, and the radial cross-section of the other friction surface is a concave triangle or circular arc shape. It is arc-shaped, and of course a triangle can also be used. As shown in Figure 4, a concave-convex interlocking structure with a triangular radial cross section is formed between the active friction disc 51 and the driven friction disc 41, which has the advantage of convenient processing; The pre-tightening force that makes the driven friction disc 4 and the active friction disc 5 stick to the transmission; the driven friction disc 4 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 1 and cooperates with it through the main transmission cam pair; the disc friction transmission pair refers to the driven friction disc 4. A structure that can be separated or engaged for transmission is formed between the active friction discs 5; in the present invention, the radial section of the friction surface of the active friction disc 5 is a concave circular arc shape, and the radial section of the friction surface of the driven friction disc 4 The cross-section is a convex arc shape. When used, the convex arc shape and the concave arc shape are opposite to form a fitting structure to achieve the effect of joint friction and separation. Of course, the convex arc shape and the concave arc shape The arcs are all formed on the radius part of the friction surface, which is easy to form a transmission with good coaxiality; the variable speed elastic element exerts a preload to make the driven friction disc 4 and the active friction disc 5 fit and drive; the driven friction disc 4 is sheathed on The transmission shaft 1 is matched with the transmission shaft through the main transmission cam pair.

In this embodiment, the slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, and the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring 15, an inner ring 14 and rolling elements, and the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 are formed between the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 for Through the meshing space where the rolling elements are engaged or separated, the axial end surface of the outer ring 15 forms an annular depression, the inner ring 14 is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the engagement space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring 14 and the radial direction of the annular depression. Between the outer inner walls; the active friction disc 5 inputs power to the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch outputs the slow gear power transmission to the driven friction disc 4; the active friction disc 5 is used to receive the driving power, that is, to receive the power from the driving motor; the structure of the rolling body and the meshing space of the overrunning clutch belongs to the prior art, and will not be repeated here; since the axial end surface of the outer ring 15 forms an annular depression, its The cross-sectional view forms a structure similar to an arc, and after the inner ring 14 is installed, it forms a radial support for the inner ring 14; the structure in which the inner ring 14 is located in the annular depression formed by the outer ring 15 is adopted, and the inner ring 14 is embedded in the outer ring from the structure. ring 15, so that the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 15 form a mutual support effect, avoiding the structure in which the inner ring 14 is directly supported on the drive shaft 1 in the traditional structure, and also avoiding the problem that the transmission error is amplified on the overrunning clutch, not only Guarantee the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, and improve the service life and running accuracy, suitable for heavy-duty and high-speed environments; the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can be a first-stage gear reduction transmission or other reduction transmission structures, and the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can ensure The rotating speed of the outer ring 15 that the active friction disc 5 transmits to the overrunning clutch is lower than the rotating speed of the active friction disc 5; in order to realize the inventive purpose of the present invention, the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch is in the same direction as the outer ring in the output rotation direction of the power output member. 15; as shown in the figure, the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism includes a slow gear intermediate shaft 19, a first slow gear 21 and a second slow gear 16 arranged on the slow gear intermediate shaft 19 and its transmission cooperation, and the slow gear The intermediate shaft is rotatably fitted to the transmission case 13 through radial rolling bearings; the slow gear driving gear 9 is provided with the outer ring gear transmission of the active friction disc 5 (transmission structures such as splines), and the slow gear driving gear 9 and the The first slow gear 21 meshes for transmission, and the second slow gear 16 meshes with the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch for transmission; the structure is simple and compact, and the power transmission of the slow gear is realized; the overrunning clutch of the slow gear transmission mechanism of the transmission adopts the inner ring 14 is a structure located in the annular depression formed by the inner ring 14. The inner ring 14 is structurally embedded in the outer ring 15, so that the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 15 form a mutual support effect, avoiding the direct support of the inner ring 14 in the traditional structure Due to the structure of the transmission shaft 1, it also avoids the problem of the transmission error being magnified on the overrunning clutch. It not only ensures the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, but also ensures stable support for the long-term operation of the transmission, reduces running noise, ensures running comfort and Improve transmission efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption; also improve service life and running accuracy, suitable for heavy load and high fast use environment.

In this embodiment, a motor and a power input mechanism are also included, and the power input mechanism includes a power input driving gear, a first power input driven gear, a power input intermediate shaft 8 and a second power input driven gear 6, and the power input The input driving gear is driven by the rotor shaft of the motor. As shown in the figure, the rotor shaft transmission of the motor is equipped with a power input shaft that is rotated and arranged in the box body 13. The first power input driven gear meshes with the power input driving gear. A power input driven gear and the second power input driven gear 6 are arranged on the power input intermediate shaft in transmission cooperation, and the power input intermediate shaft is rotatably supported on the box body 13; the second power input driven gear 6 inputs power to The active friction disc 5, in this embodiment, the active friction disc 5 is provided with an outer ring gear 7 meshing with the second power input driven gear 6; this structure is conducive to forming a preliminary deceleration, and at the same time, the structure is compact and easy to hang on the side.

In this embodiment, the variable speed elastic element exerts a pretightening force on the driven friction disc 4 so that it can be fitted with the active friction disc 5 for transmission; The opposite axial component of the preload of the elastic element;

In this embodiment, at least one intermediate cam sleeve 20 is provided at least one intermediate cam sleeve 20 on the transmission shaft 1 for rotation fit. Cooperate with the driven friction disc 4 through the transmission of the cam pair I, and the other end cooperates with the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch through the cam pair II, and the slow gear power is transmitted from the power output end of the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism to the driven friction disc 4; the slow gear When the transmission is formed, the axial component force of the cam pair II, the cam pair I and the helical cam pair is used to press the elastic element to form a lock, and a slow gear transmission is formed; in this embodiment, the main transmission cam pair is controlled by the slave The inner helical cam provided on the inner circle of the dynamic friction disc 4 and the inner helical cam provided on the transmission shaft 1 are formed by mutual cooperation; the shaft section of the transmission shaft 1 extending out of the box body 13 is provided with a transmission member for transmission cooperation with the hub , as shown in the figure, the transmission member is a transmission disc structure used to connect with the hub; as shown in the figure, the outer edge of the active friction disc 5 is provided with an outer ring gear for inputting power; the driven friction disc 4 is sheathed on the transmission The shaft 1 and the inner circle are provided with an inner helical cam 4a, and the transmission shaft 1 is provided with an outer helical cam 10 matched with the inner helical cam 4a to jointly form a helical cam pair; the helical cam pair is a thread structure that cooperates with each other, both of which are Helical grooves, and balls are embedded to form an meshing transmission structure; as shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the main transmission cam pair is formed by the internal helix provided on the inner circle of the driven disc bushing integrally formed by the driven friction disc 4 The cam and the internal helical cam provided on the transmission shaft 1 are formed by mutual cooperation, and the active friction disc 5 is axially slidable on the driven disc sleeve to form a disc-type friction transmission pair; the transmission shaft 1 extends out of the box The transmission of the shaft section of the body 13 is equipped with a transmission member for the transmission of the hub; the structure is compact and the transmission is stable; when the driven friction disc 4 rotates, two component forces in the axial and circumferential directions are generated on the transmission shaft 1 through the spiral cam pair, Among them, the component force in the circumferential direction drives the transmission shaft 1 to rotate and output power, the axial component force is offset by the installation structure of the transmission shaft 1, and its reaction force acts on the driven friction disc 4 and is applied to the variable speed elastic element; when the axial component force reaches the setting When the value is fixed, the elastic element is compressed, so that the driven friction disc 4 and the active friction disc 5 are separated to form the condition of shifting speed, which belongs to the structure of the prior art, and will not be repeated here; of course, the spiral cam pair is the preferred embodiment of the present embodiment. The structure can also be driven by other existing cam pairs, such as end face cams, etc., but the helical cam pair can make the structure more compact, and the manufacturing, installation and maintenance are more convenient, and the transmission of the helical structure is stable and the force is uniform. It has unparalleled stability and smoothness, further improves work efficiency, has better energy saving and consumption reduction effects, and can control vehicle emissions to a greater extent, and is more suitable for light vehicles such as light two-wheeled vehicles.

In this embodiment, the overrunning clutch further includes a backing roller assembly, the backing roller assembly at least includes a backing roller 4 parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced apart from the rolling elements, and the outer circle of the backing roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body , the support roller is set in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch; the support roller structure is independent of the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14, and adopts a follow-up structure for maintaining the distance between the rolling elements, canceling The elastic element and limit seat of the prior art avoid directly processing the limit seat on the outer ring 15 or inner ring 14, simplify the processing process, improve work efficiency, reduce processing cost, ensure processing and assembly accuracy, prolong service life and ensure transmission effect, and the related parts are easy to replace after damage, reducing maintenance and use costs; due to the use of the supporting roller 4 structure, without using a separate elastic element, the axial length of the overrunning clutch and rolling body can be extended theoretically infinitely, and the meshing length can be increased. That is to say, the axial length of the overrunning clutch can be increased according to the load-bearing requirements, thereby increasing the carrying capacity of the overrunning clutch, reducing the radial size of the overrunning clutch under higher load-bearing capacity, and prolonging the service life of the overrunning clutch; at the same time, due to the support The roller 24 is in direct contact with the rolling element 23, especially when the roller structure is adopted, the possibility of unbalance caused by applying pretightening force to the point contact of the roller in the prior art is eliminated, and the premise of longer axial dimension is ensured. The limit balance of the rolling body keeps it from being parallel to the axis of the inner ring 14, so as to ensure the stable operation of the overrunning clutch and avoid mechanical failure; the support roller 24 structure is adopted, and the rolling body generally adopts a roller structure;

The backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall and the inner ring radially outside the annular recess of the outer ring 15 through the backup roller bracket in a manner that can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. 14 between the outer circles; this structure guarantees the freedom of rotation or sliding of the support roller, thereby further ensuring the follow-up of the support roller, so that rolling friction is formed between the rolling body and the support roller when the overrunning clutch is running, reducing power consumption, and Make the stability of the overrunning clutch better;

In this embodiment, the support roll bracket includes support ring I25 and support ring II26 corresponding to the two ends of the support roll. Annular grooves in the circumferential direction of the ring I25 and the support ring II26 (the annular groove 25a on the support ring I25 is shown in the figure, and the annular groove 26a on the support ring II26 is similar in structure to the annular groove on the support ring I25 and both are inward), The two ends of the support roller 24 are slidingly fitted with the corresponding annular grooves, that is, one end of the support roller penetrates into the annular groove 25a on the support ring I25, and the other end penetrates into the annular groove 26a on the support ring II26; the installation structure of the annular groove is adopted , simple structure and easy assembly, which further simplifies the structure of the overrunning clutch and reduces the cost.

In this embodiment, the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 is provided with an oil hole for passing lubricating oil. To the through hole; through the oil hole, lubricating oil can be introduced and discharged, and together with the opening of the annular depression, a lubricating oil channel is formed to achieve better lubrication and cleaning, thereby ensuring the operation of the overrunning clutch.

In this embodiment, the meshing space is formed between the wedge-shaped groove machined on the outer circle of the inner ring 14 and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression of the outer ring 15; the manufacturing process is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.

In this embodiment, the distribution of the axial through holes 25b at the bottom of the annular groove 25a of the support ring I25 corresponds to the support rollers and rolling elements; it can better and more directly provide lubrication.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the support roller is less than one-third of the diameter of the rolling body, and the rolling body is a roller.

In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 and the inner circle of the extension part has a support portion of the inner ring 14 that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1 , and the inner circle of the outer ring 15 has a support portion that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1 The matching outer ring 15 support part; that is, the outer ring 15 support part and the inner ring 14 support part are both rotated and fitted on the transmission shaft 1; the entire overrunning clutch in this structure is jointly supported by the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 15 to increase the overall stability. To ensure the service life and transmission accuracy; the outer circle of the support part of the inner ring 14 forms an outer helical cam I27, and the middle cam sleeve 20 is provided with an inner helical cam I, and the inner helical cam I and the outer helical cam I cooperate to form a helical cam pair Ⅰ, spiral cam pair I18 is cam pair II; as shown in the figure, the middle cam sleeve 20 is fixedly connected with a large-diameter bushing, and the inner circle of the large-diameter bushing is provided with a spiral cam groove, and the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch extends axially The outer circle of the part out of the outer ring 15 is provided with a spiral cam groove that matches the spiral cam groove of the inner circle of the large-diameter bushing. Of course, balls are provided in the spiral cam groove to ensure that the two spiral cam grooves are meshed; the spiral cam pair is used The transmission structure of Ⅰ is beneficial to eliminate the radial gap and ensure the matching accuracy. At the same time, it eliminates the axial matching gap, thereby helping to eliminate the frustration of the transmission.

In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 support part of the inner ring 14 is provided with the inner ring 14 needle roller bearing for rotating with the transmission shaft 1, and the outer ring 15 support part of the outer ring 15 is provided with the transmission shaft 1 for rotation. 1. 15 needle roller bearings on the outer ring in rotation fit; the structure of the needle roller bearing is adopted, which is suitable for being installed on the transmission shaft 1, and the whole transmission structure has strong adaptability.

In this embodiment, a support frame with a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with the active friction disc 5, and the end of the support frame away from the active friction disc 5 is rotatably supported on the gearbox body 13. The variable speed elastic element is located between the support frame and the transmission. The space between the shafts 1 is covered with the outer sleeve of the transmission shaft 1; as shown in the figure, the transmission shaft 1 is provided with an overrunning clutch outer ring 15, an intermediate cam sleeve 20, a driven friction disc 4 and a variable speed elastic element ( This embodiment adopts variable speed disc spring), and the support frame of cylindrical structure forms stable support for active friction disc 5 to ensure the transmission accuracy. The transmission shaft 1 has a compact structure.

The above embodiments are only the best structures of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention; the schemes adjusted in the connection mode will not affect the realization of the purpose of the present invention.

The fast gear power transmission route of the present embodiment:

Power→active friction disc 5→driven friction disc 4→inner helical cam of driven friction disc 4→outer helical cam of transmission shaft 1→output power of transmission shaft 1;

At this time, the overrunning clutch is overrunning, and the resistance transmission route is: transmission shaft 1→outer helical cam 1a of transmission shaft 1→inner helical cam 4a of driven friction disc 4→driven friction disc 4→compression variable speed disc spring; transmission shaft 1 passes through the transmission shaft The outer helical cam of 1 exerts an axial force on the inner helical cam of the driven friction disc 4 and the driven friction disc 4 and compresses the speed change disc spring. 5 is separated from the driven friction disc 4, and the power is transmitted through the following route, that is, the slow gear power transmission route:

Power→active friction disc 5→slow gear driving gear→first slow gear→slow intermediate shaft→second slow gear→outer ring 15 of overrunning clutch→inner ring 14 of overrunning clutch→spiral cam pair I→middle cam sleeve 20→Cam pair Ⅰ→driven friction disc 4→inner helical cam 4a of driven friction disc 4→outer helical cam 1a of transmission shaft 1→transmission shaft 1 outputs power.

The slow gear power transmission route also passes through the following route: middle cam sleeve 20→driven friction disc 4→compressed variable speed butterfly spring to prevent the compression of the variable speed disc spring from reciprocating compression during slow gear transmission, thereby preventing active friction disc 5 during slow gear transmission It fits with the driven friction disc 4.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned transmission route that when the present invention is in operation, the active friction disc 5 and the driven friction disc 4 are in close contact with each other under the action of the shift disc spring to form an automatic shift mechanism that maintains a certain pressure. The axial thickness of the clutch is used to adjust the pressure required for clutch engagement to achieve the purpose of transmission. At this time, the power drives the active friction disc 5, the driven friction disc 4, and the transmission shaft 1, so that the output power of the transmission shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise; at this time, the slow gear overrides The clutch is overrunning.

When the motor vehicle is started, the resistance is greater than the driving force, and the resistance forces the transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise at a certain angle. Under the action of the external helical cam 1a of the transmission shaft 1, the driven friction disc 4 compresses the speed change butterfly spring; the driven friction disc 4 and the active friction disc 5 Separation, synchronization, slow gear overrunning clutch meshing, power drives active friction disc 5, first slow gear 21, slow gear intermediate shaft 19, second slow gear 16, outer ring 15 of overrunning clutch, inner ring 14, middle Cam sleeve 20, driven friction disc 4 and transmission shaft 1 make the output power of transmission shaft 1 rotate with slow gear speed; At the same time, the variable speed butterfly spring absorbs the energy of the motion resistance torque, and stores potential energy for restoring the fast gear transmission power.

After the start is successful, the driving resistance decreases. When the component force is reduced to less than the pressure generated by the variable speed disc spring, the pressure of the variable speed disc spring is quickly released due to the compression of the movement resistance, and the recovery of the driven friction disc 4 and the active friction disc 5 is completed. Closely fitted state, slow gear overrunning clutch is in overrunning state.

During the driving process, the principle of automatic gear shifting with the change of motion resistance is the same as above, and the gear shifting is realized without cutting the driving force, so that the whole locomotive runs smoothly, is safe and low-consumption, and the transmission route is simplified to improve the transmission efficiency.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a battery-operated motor cycle lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: comprise casing and coordinate with body pivot and the transmission shaft outputed power, described casing has hangs for side the assembly department being installed on hub side, the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly also comprising slow gear driving mechanism and be arranged on transmission shaft;

Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly comprises driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element;

Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves in the mode that rubbing surface cooperatively interacts, uneven mode is adopted to form the disk-type friction transmission transmitting fast shelves between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk, and the radial cross section of a rubbing surface is the outer male structure of triangle or circular arc, the radial cross section of another rubbing surface is triangle or the circular arc of indent; Speed change elastic element applies to make driven friction disk and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission; Described driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is coordinated by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam with it.

2. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: described slow gear driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism, described free wheel device comprises outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, the engagement space being used for being engaged by rolling element or being separated is formed between described outer ring and inner ring, described outer ring axial end forms ring-shaped depression, described inner ring is set in rotation with in this ring-shaped depression and engagement space is formed between the inwall of inner ring cylindrical and ring-shaped depression radial outside, power is inputed to free wheel device outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by described active friction disk, and described free wheel device inner ring exports slow shelves transmission of power to driven friction disk, described active friction disk is for receiving driving power.

3. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: speed change elastic element applies to make itself and active friction disk to fit the pretightening force of transmission to driven friction disk; During described transmission shaft Power output, main transmission cam is secondary applies the axial thrust load contrary with speed change elastic element pretightening force to driven friction disk.

4. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 3 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: being rotatably assorted is coated at transmission shaft and is at least provided with an intermediate cam cover, described intermediate cam is overlapped one end and driven friction disk and is coordinated by cam secondary I transmission, and the other end to be coordinated with the transmission of free wheel device inner ring by cam pair II and is passed to driven friction disk by keeping off the clutch end of power by intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism slowly.

5. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 4 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: described free wheel device also comprises Support roller assembly, described supporting roller assembly at least comprises and is parallel to free wheel device axis and support roll spaced with rolling element, described support roll cylindrical contacts with adjacent rolling element cylindrical, and described support roll is to arrange in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction of free wheel device.

6. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 5 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: described inner ring axially extends the ring-shaped depression of outer ring and extension part inner circle has the inner ring supporting portion that can coordinate with transmission shaft, and described outer ring inner circle has the supporting portion, outer ring that can coordinate with transmission shaft; The cylindrical of described inner ring supporting portion forms external spiral cam I, and intermediate cam is arranged with internal spiral cam I, and this internal spiral cam I complements each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I with external spiral cam I, and spiral prominence wheel set I is cam pair II.

7. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 6 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller assembly also comprises supporting roller support, described support roll is with between the inwall that can slide and be supported in by supporting roller support around the mode of own axis the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring along free wheel device circumferencial direction and inner ring cylindrical.

8. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: described supporting roller support comprises the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that arrange corresponding to support roll two ends, described pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with the circular groove along pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II circumferencial direction for penetrating for support roll two ends, and described support roll two ends are slidably matched with corresponding circular groove; The ring-shaped depression of described outer ring is axially provided with for the oil-through hole by lubricant oil in bottom, and described pushing out ring I is positioned at the axial bottom of ring-shaped depression and the circular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I is provided with axial hole.

9. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: the internal spiral cam that described main transmission cam pair is provided with by described driven friction disk integrated driven disc axle sleeve inner circle and the internal spiral cam that transmission shaft is provided with complement each other to form, described active friction disk is mode can be coated at driven disc axle sleeve formation disk-type friction transmission in axial sliding; The shaft part transmission that described transmission shaft extends casing coordinates the driving component be provided with for coordinating with hub drive.

10. battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 9 lenticular friction driving side-hanging type self-adapting automatic gear shift drives assembly, it is characterized in that: be fixedly connected with the supporting frame being provided with tubular structure with active friction disk, this supporting frame is rotatably assorted away from one end of active friction disk and is supported in gearbox casing, the space of described speed change elastic element between supporting frame and transmission shaft and be coated at transmission shaft.