CN105113625B - Suitable for the ecological balcony of subtropical zone energy-saving sun-shading type - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and sun-shading ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions. Specifically, the south-facing balcony of each house is closed with single-layer or hollow glass, the upper part has a skylight, the middle part has a flat window, and the outer side of the lower part of the flat window has a slope. The solar heat collecting tube is installed, and the upper end of the solar heat collecting tube frame is provided with a planting groove, and green plants are planted in the planting groove. Make full use of solar energy resources and the principle of air flow to improve the indoor physical environment, realize the green ecology of the house, adapt to the ventilation of subtropical climate temperature, can realize heat preservation or cooling, good ventilation effect, make full use of solar energy, and have good energy saving effect.

Description

Energy-saving sunshade ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological energy-saving buildings, and in particular relates to an energy-saving sunshade ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions.

Background technique

my country's subtropical zone is located in the vast area south of the Qinling Mountains and the Huaihe River, north of the Leizhou Peninsula, and east of the Hengduan Mountains (22-34°N, east of 98°E). Involving 16 provinces and cities (including Taiwan Province), the area is about 2.4×106km2, accounting for about 1/4 of the country's land area, and the population accounts for about half of the country's total population. my country's subtropical zone is warm in winter and hot in summer, with four distinct seasons, abundant precipitation, and relatively even distribution of seasons. This area is rich in heat resources, with an annual average temperature between 13°C and 20°C. In winter, it is often affected by cold air going south, especially in the Jianghan Plain and Dongting Lake Plain. It is connected to the Nanyang Basin in the north and the Xianggui Corridor in the south. The channel of cold air going south, where the January isotherm protrudes southward in a tongue-like shape. In the north of the Yangtze River, the absolute minimum temperature can reach below -10°C. In summer, it is controlled by the subtropical high pressure, and the high temperature is common. From May to September, extremely hot weather above 35°C often occurs.

As we all know, the design of green ecological buildings should combine the local natural climate, economic conditions, and living habits, respect and maintain the local context and life style, and start with low cost and low technology suitable for comfort, and aim at the geographical climate, living conditions, etc. Demand and economic conditions, through rational optimization of design, explore the appropriate technology of green buildings that inherit the traditional construction technology to achieve the purpose of improving thermal comfort and improving the environment, in order to provide low-income people with little increase in investment. livable environment. The research on energy-saving and ecological housing in my country is mainly concentrated in the large and medium-sized cities in the southeast coastal areas and economically developed areas, while the housing construction in inland areas and small and medium-sized cities has poor indoor comfort, unreasonable internal space structure, and localized green buildings. There are urgent problems to be solved, such as lack of suitable technology, low resource utilization efficiency, and high operating costs.

Application publication number CN 102134896 A discloses a balcony on which solar collectors are installed, and the front baffle of the balcony is inclined inward. The invention has a simple structure, can increase the effective heat collection area of the heat collector, and ensures good heat collection effect. If you install cabinet doors behind the balcony front, the space inside can also be used as a storage cabinet. Above-mentioned patent has only increased the heat collector that utilizes solar energy on the balcony, but does not improve the ventilation of house, afforestation, does not reach the effect of green ecology, energy saving.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving and sunshade ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions, which is green and ecological, and can adapt to the ventilation of subtropical climate temperature, which can realize heat preservation or cooling, and has good ventilation effect and can be fully utilized. Solar energy, good energy saving effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the energy-saving sunshade ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions, characterized in that: the ground of the ecological balcony extends to the outside of the balcony beam, and the outer edge of the balcony ground is provided with an inward slope. The solar heat collecting tube frame is installed, the solar heat collecting tube is installed on the solar heat collecting tube frame, the lower side of the solar heat collecting tube frame forms a storage space, and a water storage tank is placed in the storage space, and the water storage tank is connected with the solar heat collecting tube and the house. connected to the hot water system; the upper end of the solar collector tube frame is provided with a planting groove, and green plants are planted in the planting groove; the outside of the planting groove is closed with single-layer or hollow glass, and the glass used for sealing is vertically arranged, The vertical glass is provided with a flat window, the upper end of the vertical glass is sealed and connected to the oblique glass placed inward, the other end of the oblique glass is connected to the balcony beam, and a skylight that can be opened is provided on the oblique glass .

The outer upper part of the glass for sealing is provided with sunshade facilities.

The outer side of the vertically arranged glass is provided with a protective net.

The hot water system includes a water heating system and a hot water washing system. The hot water pipe of the water storage tank is connected to the shower and/or the hot water washing system formed by the kitchen through a tee and a valve, and the other is connected to the water heating system; The water heating system includes a coil pipe, which is buried under the floor tiles of the room, and the hot water is used for floor radiant heating to meet indoor heating requirements in winter.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme: the energy-saving and sun-shading ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions is suitable for house design in subtropical regions, making full use of solar energy resources and air flow principles to improve the indoor physical environment, realizing the green ecology of houses, and adapting to the ventilation of subtropical climate temperature , can achieve heat preservation or cooling, good ventilation effect, full use of solar energy, good energy saving effect. Specifically, the south-facing balcony of each house is closed with single-layer or insulating glass, which can form a small adjoining sun room. Passive solar heating is realized through the sun room, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor of the low-rise type and reducing the heat loss of the house in winter. In summer, the nearly vertical sunlight is blocked by the ground protruding from the outside of the inclined glass, preventing the strong sunlight from entering the room through the skylight in summer, so as to reduce the indoor air temperature; without relying on air-conditioning equipment, it can create warm winter and summer as much as possible Cool and pleasant environment. In the evening, open the skylight of the sun room; at night, open all the windows in the room, and the air convection generated by the temperature difference will bring the heat to the outside. During the daytime in winter, the sun's rays have a large inclination angle, and can enter the sun room through the flat window and skylight. The doors and windows connected to the living room) flow into the sleeve-shaped indoor space, and heat the indoor air through convection to generate heat exchange. Residents can choose to open or close the flat windows and skylights of the sun room according to the weather conditions and air volume, without affecting the heating of the indoor air. When night comes, residents close the flat windows of the sun room. At this time, the enclosed space of the sun room becomes the buffer zone of the main space of the suite, which plays a role in reducing the heat dissipation of the enclosure structure at night.

According to data, between 18 and 25 ℃ is the air temperature that the human body feels comfortable. However, air temperature is not the only indicator to measure comfort, but also closely related to the relative humidity of the air. Due to the abundance of water in subtropical regions, the transpiration of water bodies leads to high relative humidity of the air throughout the year. In summer, the sweat in the body is not easy to discharge and volatilize, and it feels very stuffy; in winter, the humid air absorbs the heat in the human body in turn, making it feel colder and colder. The temperature and humidity in winter and summer in subtropical regions are beyond this range. When the indoor temperature and humidity are high, good natural ventilation can take away a lot of heat and water vapor, reduce the indoor temperature and humidity, and make the human sweat evaporate more easily, so as to achieve the purpose of thermal comfort. However, in the energy-saving design of residential maintenance structures in hot-summer and cold-winter regions, improving the thermal performance of the exterior wall contributes only 2% to energy conservation; improving the thermal performance of the roof contributes only 1% to energy conservation, while reducing the heat transfer of external windows coefficient, its energy-saving contribution rate is 8%, and the contribution rate can reach 8% by strengthening the ventilation control measures in the spring and autumn transitional seasons. Therefore, the present invention's natural ventilation and optimized exterior window design are measures that can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

Residents plant different kinds of green plants in the planting tanks on the balcony according to their personal preferences, which can not only beautify the indoor environment, but the green plants perform photosynthesis in the sunshine room, release oxygen ions, and purify the indoor air. Create an oxygen-enriched space indoors. When the sun shines on the leaves of a plant, about 60% of the solar energy is consumed by water evaporation, about 30% of the solar energy passes through the leaf surface, and only 2% of the solar energy is used for photosynthesis and biomass production of plants The remaining 8% of the solar energy is reflected back by the surface of the leaves. According to statistics, the reflectivity of plant leaves to infrared light is as high as 70%, which can reduce solar radiation heat in summer and avoid glare.

The outer edge of the ground of the balcony is provided with a solar heat collection pipe frame inclined inwardly. The solar heat collection pipe is installed on the solar heat collection pipe frame, and the water storage tank is connected with the hot water system in the house. The structure realizes the drawback that existing high-rise buildings cannot install solar water heaters with users as units, and is safe and reliable. The solar heat collecting tube is in an oblique manner, which fully accepts the irradiation of the sun's rays, and has high solar energy utilization efficiency. The size of the balcony of a single room in a general residence is mostly: 3.6-5.4 meters long and 1.5-1.8 meters wide. If it is covered with solar heat collecting tubes, it can reach a solar heat collecting area of 5.1-7.2 square meters. According to the sun intensity and sunshine hours in subtropical regions, the amount of hot water generated by a solar collector tube of 1.5 square meters can meet the needs of three people for bathing in spring and autumn. The hot water pipe in the water storage tank is divided into two branch pipes, one part leads to the shower and the kitchen, and the other part is buried under the floor tiles of the room through the coil, and the excess hot water is used for floor radiant heating to meet the needs of winter. Indoor heating requirements. When summer comes, the valve of the heating branch pipe can be closed, and all the hot water can be used for the frequent bathing of residents in summer. Compared with other hot water systems, the present value of the comprehensive energy price of the solar water heating system is the lowest. For the same household, the cost of using hot water is 64% lower than that of electric water heaters, and 53% lower than that of gas water heaters. According to the average daily consumption of hot water per household of 200L, the use of solar water heating system to produce hot water can save 1160 yuan per year compared with the use of electric water heating system. During the effective service life of solar water heating system for 15 years, each household saves a total of costs 17400 yuan. For the whole community, if all the solar water heating systems are used, this data is considerable.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the plan view of the balcony of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the balcony of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of daytime illumination in summer according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of summer evening ventilation.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of daylight and ventilation in winter.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of ventilation at night in winter.

Figure 7 is an hourly heat analysis diagram of the sun room in winter.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the energy-saving effects of the present invention on buildings.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1-6, it is suitable for the energy-saving and sun-shading ecological balcony in the subtropical region. The ground 9 of the ecological balcony extends to the outside of the balcony beam 8, and the outer edge of the balcony ground 9 is provided with a solar heat collection tube frame body inclined inwardly. , solar heat collecting tube 6 is installed on the solar heat collecting tube frame body, the underside of solar heat collecting tube frame body forms storage space 4, and storage tank 3 is placed in the storage space 4, and other sundries can be placed in the storage space 4. The water storage tank 3 communicates with the solar heat collector tube 6 and the hot water system in the house; the hot water system includes a water heating system and a hot water washing system, and the hot water pipe of the water storage tank is connected to the shower all the way through a tee and a valve. The water heater and/or the kitchen constitute a hot water washing system, and the other is connected to the water heating system; the water heating system includes coils, which are buried under the floor tiles of the room, and the hot water is used for floor radiant heating to meet indoor heating requirements in winter . When summer comes, the valve of the heating branch pipe can be closed, and all the hot water can be used for the frequent bathing of residents in summer.

The upper end of the solar heat collecting tube frame is provided with a planting tank 2, and different kinds of green plants are planted in the planting tank 2, which can not only beautify the indoor environment, but the green plants perform photosynthesis in the sunshine room, release oxygen ions, and purify the indoor air , Turn the residential interior into an oxygen-enriched space. The outside of the planting tank is sealed with single-layer or hollow glass, and the glass used for sealing is vertically arranged, and the vertically arranged glass is provided with a flat window 5, and the flat window 5 is used as the main window for indoor ventilation and cooling. The upper end of the vertically arranged glass is sealed and connected to the obliquely inward oblique glass, and the other end of the oblique glass is connected to the balcony beam 8, and the oblique glass is provided with a skylight 1 that can be opened. In order to achieve a better summer sunshade effect, a sunshade facility that can be expanded and retracted is provided on the outer upper part of the glass for sealing. A protective net 10 is provided on the outside of the vertically arranged glass. Open the sliding door 7 positioned on the balcony to form skylights and indoor ventilation passages.

As shown in Figure 3, the daytime illumination in summer is strong, and the light is almost vertically irradiated. Under the cover of the balcony floor extending to the outside of the skylight 1, the sunlight is only irradiated on the green plants in the planting tank 2, and the leaves of the plants The reflectivity of infrared light is as high as 70%, which can reduce solar radiation heat in summer and avoid glare.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of ventilation in summer nights. In summer nights, the outdoor ambient temperature drops. Open the skylight of the balcony. According to the principle of air convection, the sultry hot air in the upper part of the room is discharged through the skylight, and the cool outdoor air enters the room through the flat window, thereby reducing the temperature of the room. temperature.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of sunlight and ventilation during the daytime in winter. During the daytime, the external ambient temperature under sunlight is higher than the indoor temperature. At this time, the flat windows and skylights of the balcony are opened to allow hot air from the outside to enter the room, thereby increasing the indoor temperature.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of ventilation in winter nights. The outside temperature is low in winter nights. Close the flat windows, skylights and sliding doors, and the enclosed space of the sun room will become a buffer zone for the main space of the suite, which can reduce the heat dissipation of the enclosure structure at night. Thereby maintaining the comfort of indoor temperature.

Figure 7 is the hourly heat analysis diagram of the sun room in winter. The analysis results are based on the premise that the sun room uses single-layer glass. Therefore, during the time period from 12:00 to 14:00, the temperature in the sun room is relatively The outdoor temperature was nearly 10°C higher, and gradually decreased as the heat was lost. After 21:00, it was basically the same as the outdoor temperature, and reached the lowest value in the early morning of the next day.

Figure 8 is a diagram of the energy-saving effect of the present invention on buildings. The balcony structure of the present invention improves the heat storage performance of the enclosure structure and the night ventilation strategy has obvious effects in summer and transitional seasons, and the effect of natural ventilation and indirect evaporative cooling is obvious in transitional seasons. According to the energy-saving principle of the sun room, this project comprehensively adopts four passive strategies of enhancing the heat storage of the enclosure structure, night ventilation, natural ventilation, and indirect evaporative cooling, which can effectively increase the annual comfort to more than 3.0 times the time.

The house type design of the present invention respects the living habits of local residents in the subtropical region who open windows in four seasons, so that they can maintain a good indoor wind environment, which can not only improve the air quality; At night, when the weather continues to heat up after the rain, indoor ventilation is strengthened at this time because the outdoor climate is relatively cool, which can take away the residual heat in the room through air convection, and bring cold air into the room, creating a more comfortable indoor living environment.

Claims (3)

1. A kind of eco-balcony that is suitable for subtropical region energy-saving and sun-shading type is characterized in that: the ground of described eco-balcony extends to the outside of balcony crossbeam, and the outer edge of balcony ground is provided with the solar heat-collecting pipe frame body that inwardly inclines, and solar collector A solar collector tube is installed on the heat pipe frame, and the lower side of the solar collector tube frame forms a storage space, and a water storage tank is placed in the storage space, and the water storage tank is connected with the solar heat collector tube and the hot water system in the house; the solar heat collector tube frame The upper end of the body is provided with a planting trough, and green plants are planted in the planting trough; the outside of the planting trough is closed with single-layer or hollow glass, and the glass used for sealing is vertically arranged, and flat windows are arranged on the vertically arranged glass. The upper end of the vertical glass is sealed and connected to the inclined glass inclined inward, the other end of the inclined glass is connected to the balcony beam, and an openable skylight is arranged on the inclined glass; the outer upper part of the glass for sealing Features shades. 2. The energy-saving and sun-shading ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side of the vertically arranged glass is provided with a protective net. 3. The energy-saving sunshade ecological balcony suitable for subtropical regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot water system includes a water heating system and a hot water washing system, and the hot water pipe of the water storage tank passes through a tee and Valve, one way is connected to the hot water washing system formed by the shower and/or kitchen, and the other way is connected to the water heating system; the water heating system includes coiled pipes, which are buried under the floor tiles of the room, and the hot water is used for floor radiant heating, meeting the requirements of Indoor heating requirements in winter.