CN105082537A - 3D printing method and 3D printer - Google Patents
3D printing method and 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105082537A CN105082537A CN201510458170.9A CN201510458170A CN105082537A CN 105082537 A CN105082537 A CN 105082537A CN 201510458170 A CN201510458170 A CN 201510458170A CN 105082537 A CN105082537 A CN 105082537A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing method and a 3D printer adopting the photocuring method. According to the 3D printing method, the workpiece printing intensity is greatly improved. In order to overcome the detect that the printing structural intensity of a 3D printer in the prior art is low, the 3D printing method and the printer achieve the higher workpiece printing physical intensity. A computer controls a plastic filament to be fused and operates a nozzle to advance according to a preset track. According to the 3D printing method and the printer, compared with identical printed workpieces, the appearance of the workpiece printed on the basis of the 3D printing method is smoother, and the fineness of the workpiece is higher. The method is characterized in that the computer calls cross section information of each layer or the appointed ith layer, and each selected cross section image is converted into a vector diagram on the basis of lines and directions; and according to the processing sequence of the vector diagrams, and the starting, ending and advancing directions of the lines, accumulative printing is performed on the cross section of the layer line by line.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printing technique field, especially relate to and a kind ofly print the 3D Method of printing and hot melt solidification method 3D printer that workpiece strength significantly improves.
[background technology]
The operation principle of 3D printer is substantially identical with normal printer, is by conputer controlled, " printed material " to be stacked up from level to level, and finally the blueprint on computer is become in kind, this is a technological revolution of overturning conventional fabrication processes.
Common 3D printer operating speed is very slow and expensive, if will improve the printing effect of common 3D printer, then need the filling rate of filling rate parameter to reduce, the reduction of filling rate then causes the density of the object printed to reduce, intensity difference.
Therefore, common 3D printer can only use in places such as scientific research institutions, and 3D printing technique can't wide popularization and application.
Chinese patent mandate publication number: CN101531103A, authorizes publication date on May 18th, 2011, discloses a kind of printer control method and printer.Comprise the following steps: store the configuration information comprising the first data or the first order, described first data or the first order are used for making described printer based on buzzer configuration order, described buzzer be sounded a buzzer; And described printer makes described buzzer sound a buzzer based on described first data or the first order.Weak point is, the printer of this invention can not be used for 3D and print.The operation principle of 3D printer is substantially identical with normal printer, is by conputer controlled, " printed material " to be stacked up from level to level, and finally the blueprint on computer is become in kind, this is a technological revolution of overturning conventional fabrication processes.
3D prints and directly utilizes the threedimensional model of Computer Design, without the need to cutting tools and mould, by by point to line, by line to face, by face to minute layer scattering of body and banking process, realize the manufacture of complex parts fast.Britain " economist " magazine is thought, 3D printing technique, together with other Digitalisation Manufacture Mode, will promote and realize the third time industrial revolution.At present, on market, existing various business-like 3D Method of printing and equipment thereof, comprise photocuring processes, fusion sediment method, precinct laser sintering method etc.But existing 3D printing technique majority is optimized for the size and precision that need the model printed, and that will beat exactly in brief is larger, faster and more smooth.But these models cannot reflect the more information of design, such as reasonable structure, weak spot and stability etc., cannot obtain the data such as stress, strain, deformation, these attributes are not just only bring by outward appearance, more need the mechanics feature that can obtain 3D printer model.
In fact 3D prints and runs far deeper than in this to the benefit that these industries can be brought, the increment type printed due to 3D prints flow process, model is successively completeness from bottom to top, so printing in the process of carrying out, we can imbed sensor in place and are not affecting the carrying out of printing thus obtain a complete appearance but inside contains the structural model of sensor.On this model, we are passable.3D prints, i.e. the one of rapid shaping technique, and it is a kind of based on mathematical model file, uses powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, is carried out the technology of constructed object by the mode successively printed.In recent years, it is swift and violent that 3D prints field development, from huge house printer to miniature nanoscale cell printer, various new technology emerges in an endless stream, wherein, plastic wire hot melt curing molding technology is the rapid shaping technique grown up very early, is also that at present research is the most deep, one of the most ripe, the most widely used rapid shaping technique of technology.
Advantage is, plastic wire hot melt solidification method is the rapid prototype manufacturing technique occurred the earliest, maturity is high, the inspection in elapsed time, it adopts CAD mathematical model directly to make prototype, process velocity is fast, and life cycle of the product is short, can be used for processing structure complex contour or uses traditional means to be difficult to shaping prototype and mould.
But, the mode that 3D known at present successively prints, in concrete print procedure, be all almost be n many layers by 3D model decomposition, every layer resolves into a concrete pictures, each picture is in the mode of pixel, according to X-direction from 0 to end, resolve into several lines, in the Y-direction of each line, according to the presence or absence of pixel, carry out in the Y direction from 0 to end the printing of individual element; This printing is similar to the printing type of ink-jet printer.
This mode print speed is very fast, and algorithm is simple, is high efficiency for modelling print component.Shortcoming is but, owing to not considering the interaction of the fiber between crystalline growth between the material between points that each 3D prints or different solidifications, create the workpiece of same material, the same workpiece of the workpiece ratio machining that 3D prints, or injection mold produces workpiece, intensity there are differences.The workpiece outward appearance that result in 3D printing is the same with the workpiece of machining, but but can only make model because intrinsic strength is defective, and can not practical application.Say on the other hand, consume same material, the inherent quality of the workpiece obtained is defective, is also a kind of waste.
Publication No. CN104441666A polar coordinates type 3D printer, also fails to improve for the purpose of inside workpiece intensity, also only because add circular base plate, and improves speed of production and the production efficiency facilitating twist mode workpiece.If there is serious eccentric phenomena in some aspect that there is processing work, even the base center of circle is positioned at (certain layer) outer end of workpiece, polar coordinates print and will encounter difficulties, and the print head row inbound path that can not control the workpiece of this aspect is suitable strength, or even expected.
Can when using identical material, is the workpiece strength that 3D prints higher? or can allow the workpiece that plastics print, at same performance 3D printer, identical 3D model, is the workpiece outward appearance of printing more smooth?
[summary of the invention]
The present invention is to overcome the low deficiency of 3D printer print structure intensity of the prior art, provides the higher 3D Method of printing of a kind of workpiece physical strength of printing and printer.The barment tag that a kind of 3D prints same workpiece is more smooth, the 3D Method of printing that fineness is higher and printer.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: (the 3D modeling software in (1-1) computer is the object modeling needing to print, the threedimensional model built up is divided into m layer cross section, and cross section information is stored in computer, preset the altitude range in cross section;
(1-2) computer controls hoistable platform rising, makes the some millimeters in wire netting distance shower nozzle lower end; Computer controls plastic wire melting and operates shower nozzle to advance according to projected path;
(1-3) cross sectional information of ground floor is transferred at the software of computer, the original position that computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drive sliding seat slides into the edge coordinate of ground floor cross section along guide rail bracket;
(1-4) computer controls extruder motor work, plastic wire melting is extruded from shower nozzle by plastic wire wire feeder, computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drives sliding seat to move along the edge of ground floor cross section, ultraviolet spot light irradiates the molten plastic silk solidification of extruding simultaneously, and solidification is pasted onto on platform wire netting;
(1-5) after ground floor prints, computer to be declined a layer height by Z axis Electric Machine Control hoistable platform, setting number of plies i=2, and the print procedure of repetition (1-2) to (1-4); I=i++;
(1-6) cross sectional information of i-th layer transferred by computer, and computer makes X-axis motor, y-axis motor drive sliding seat to slide into the original position at the edge coordinate place of i-th layer of cross section and the edge along i-th layer of cross section moves;
(1-7) plastic wire melting is extruded from shower nozzle by plastic wire wire feeder, and computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drives sliding seat to move along the edge of i-th layer of cross section, and the molten plastic silk extruded from shower nozzle is near the i-th-1 layer solidification of housing;
(1-8) after i-th layer of shell prints, computer extrudes X-axis motor, y-axis motor motion by calculating and controlling shower nozzle, completes the printing to i-th layer of shell internal entity;
(1-9) as i<m, make i value increase by 1 and repeat printing and the filling process of (1-6) to (1-8);
(1-10) computer control line material extrusion device operates repeatedly, until m layer prints complete, then object has printed;
It is characterized in that, the cross sectional information of i-th layer that computer is transferred every one deck or specified, and by the image of each cross section chosen, be converted into the polar plot based on line and line direction, and according to the processing sequence of polar plot, stop and direct of travel and path according to the initial sum of lines, the cumulative printing by root lines is carried out to this layer of cross section.
3D printer of the present invention is compared with common 3D printer, and it is little that outward appearance and elemental motion seem difference.But due to the cross section to each layer, carry out vector analysis, and different with the requirement of structural strength according to the best, and rearranged the course of printhead.Therefore the barment tag printing same workpiece will be more smooth, and (circle of outermost is almost that closed loop wire prints.), fineness is higher.The lines that 3D prints and the structure of workpiece match and move towards to mate with drag direction, and therefore workpiece strength is higher.
3D modeling software comprises CAID and CAD two class.
CAID class comprises aliasstudio, the appearance design softwares such as rhino.
CAD class comprises Pro/Engineer, UG(UnigraphicsNX), the softwares such as CATIA, solidwork.
As preferably, described in
plastic wire melting0.1 millimeter to 0.2 millimeter that aims at below shower nozzle is extruded from shower nozzle.
As preferably, described plastic wire melting is 4 millimeters to 6 millimeters from the diameter that shower nozzle is extruded.
As preferably, described range sensor is infrared distance sensor, laser range sensor or ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor.
As preferably, in described step (1-10), plastic wire melting extrudes solidification from shower nozzle, has the cooling of Curing or the hot-blast spray nozzle of heating.
A kind of 3D printer, is characterized in that, comprise frame, and plastic wire wire feeder, hoistable platform, the melting of plastic cord material are connected from shower nozzle extrusion device and plastic wire wire feeder and line material extrusion device, and line material extrusion device is provided with shower nozzle; Described hoistable platform comprises the extruding motor that middle part is provided with the flat board of through hole, frame is provided with X-axis motor, y-axis motor and is connected with line material extrusion device; Computer is electrically connected with each motor respectively.
Therefore, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the physical strength that (1) prints workpiece significantly improves; (2) the more smooth nature of appearance of workpiece is printed.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of line material extrusion device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of rail bracket of the present invention;
In figure: computer 1, frame 2, hoistable platform 6, line material extrusion device 7, ultraviolet spot light 8, shower nozzle 9, conduit 10, magnetic valve 11, range sensor 12, dull and stereotyped 13, wire netting 14, lead 15, screw mandrel 16, Z axis motor 17, sliding seat 19, rail bracket 20, X-axis motor 21, y-axis motor 22, extruding motor 23, fixed bar 25, charging three-way pipe 26, screw rod 27, second gear 28, first gear 29, front rail 30, rear transverse rod 31, left leather belt 32, right leather belt 33, left holder 34, right holder 35, left guide post 36, right guide post 37, front guide post 38, rear guide post 39, driving chain 40, base 41.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.This printer case study on implementation, significantly can also reduce the accessory of application.Therefore, the implementation case is not the restriction to concrete structure of the present invention.
Embodiment is as shown in Figure 2 a kind of 3D printer, rail bracket comprises the front rail 30 be located in frame, rear transverse rod 31, the rotating shaft of X-axis motor is connected with rear transverse rod, by left leather belt 32 transmission between the left end of forward and backward cross bar, by right leather belt 33 transmission between the right-hand member of forward and backward cross bar; Left leather belt is provided with left holder 34, and right leather belt is provided with right holder 35; Left holder and the left guide post 36 extending longitudinally be located in frame are slidably connected, and right holder and the right guide post 37 extending longitudinally be located in frame are slidably connected, and are provided with front guide post 38 and rear guide post 39 between left and right holder; Y-axis motor is positioned on right holder, the rotating shaft of y-axis motor be located at driving chain 40 between left and right holder and be connected.
As shown in Figure 1, described sliding seat comprises the base 41 be connected with rail bracket, the fixed bar 25 be located on base, fixed bar is provided with charging three-way pipe 26, the front port of charging three-way pipe is connected with the described shower nozzle upper end be positioned on fixed bar, be provided with screw rod 27 between charging three-way pipe front port and rear port, be connected with the second gear 28 outside the rear port that spiro rod rear end stretches out charging three-way pipe; Described extruding motor is positioned on base, and the rotating shaft of extruding motor is connected with the first gear 29, and the first gear bites conjunction mutually with the second gear; Base is fixedly connected with driving chain, and front guide post and rear guide post are each passed through the pilot hole be provided with on base, and front guide post is connected with base sliding respectively with rear guide post.
The diameter of shower nozzle discharging opening is 0.4 millimeter.
3D Method of printing of the present invention and printer are compared with common 3D printer, 3D printer of the present invention effectively raises the mechanical strength and smooth in appearance degree that print workpiece, for the industrial scale applications being generalized to part processing of 3D printer, provide reliable basis.
The present embodiment is only not used in for illustration of the present invention and limits the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a 3D Method of printing, comprises the steps:
(1-1) the 3D modeling software in computer is the object modeling needing to print, and the threedimensional model built up is divided into m layer cross section, and is stored in computer by cross section information, preset the altitude range in cross section;
(1-2) computer controls hoistable platform rising, makes the some millimeters in wire netting distance shower nozzle lower end; Computer controls plastic wire melting and operates shower nozzle to advance according to projected path;
(1-3) cross sectional information of ground floor is transferred at the software of computer, the original position that computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drive sliding seat slides into the edge coordinate of ground floor cross section along guide rail bracket;
(1-4) computer controls extruder motor work, plastic wire melting is extruded from shower nozzle by plastic wire wire feeder, computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drives sliding seat to move along the edge of ground floor cross section, ultraviolet spot light irradiates the molten plastic silk solidification of extruding simultaneously, and solidification is pasted onto on platform wire netting;
(1-5) after ground floor prints, computer to be declined a layer height by Z axis Electric Machine Control hoistable platform, setting number of plies i=2, and the print procedure of repetition (1-2) to (1-4); I=i++;
(1-6) cross sectional information of i-th layer transferred by computer, and computer makes X-axis motor, y-axis motor drive sliding seat to slide into the original position at the edge coordinate place of i-th layer of cross section and the edge along i-th layer of cross section moves;
(1-7) plastic wire melting is extruded from shower nozzle by plastic wire wire feeder, and computer controls X-axis motor, y-axis motor drives sliding seat to move along the edge of i-th layer of cross section, and the molten plastic silk extruded from shower nozzle is near the i-th-1 layer solidification of housing;
(1-8) after i-th layer of shell prints, computer extrudes X-axis motor, y-axis motor motion by calculating and controlling shower nozzle, completes the printing to i-th layer of shell internal entity;
(1-9) as i<m, make i value increase by 1 and repeat printing and the filling process of (1-6) to (1-8);
(1-10) computer control line material extrusion device operates repeatedly, until m layer prints complete, then object has printed;
It is characterized in that, the cross sectional information of i-th layer that computer is transferred every one deck or specified, and by the image of each cross section chosen, be converted into the polar plot based on line and line direction, and according to the processing sequence of polar plot, stop and direct of travel and path according to the initial sum of lines, the cumulative printing by root lines is carried out to this layer of cross section.
2. 3D Method of printing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in
plastic wire melting0.1 millimeter to 0.2 millimeter that aims at below shower nozzle is extruded from shower nozzle.
3. 3D Method of printing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described plastic wire melting is 4 millimeters to 6 millimeters from the diameter that shower nozzle is extruded.
4. 3D Method of printing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described range sensor is infrared distance sensor, laser range sensor or ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor.
5. the 3D Method of printing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that, in described step (1-10), plastic wire melting extrudes solidification from shower nozzle, has the cooling of Curing or the hot-blast spray nozzle of heating.
6. one kind is applicable to the 3D printer in 3D Method of printing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise frame, plastic wire wire feeder, hoistable platform, the melting of plastic cord material are connected from shower nozzle extrusion device and plastic wire wire feeder and line material extrusion device, and line material extrusion device is provided with shower nozzle; Described hoistable platform comprises the extruding motor that middle part is provided with the flat board of through hole, frame is provided with X-axis motor, y-axis motor and is connected with line material extrusion device; Computer is electrically connected with each motor respectively.
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| CN201510458170.9A CN105082537A (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | 3D printing method and 3D printer |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105347664A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 深圳市杰普特电子技术有限公司 | 3D printing technology-based manufacturing method of optical fiber perform rod |
| CN106042748A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 陕西科技大学 | Manufacturing method for Longquan celadon through stacking method |
| CN106945267A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-14 | 泉州玉环模具有限公司 | Three-dimensional printing-forming equipment and personalized sole print system and Method of printing |
| CN107415220A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-12-01 | 桂林市新众科技有限公司 | 3D printing ejecting device |
| CN108296618A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-20 | 南京理工大学 | Laser ranging system and investigating method for silk material plasma arc increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109622969A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of photocuring metallic print method |
| CN109782764A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-21 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | An intelligent solar energy unmanned logistics distribution system, control method and distribution vehicle |
| CN112497735A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-16 | 管彩琴 | Multi-nozzle linkage type mechanical three-dimensional printer based on hierarchical contour coupling |
| CN113171926A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 山东大学 | A progressive-coating surface integral forming device and method |
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2015
- 2015-07-30 CN CN201510458170.9A patent/CN105082537A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105347664A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 深圳市杰普特电子技术有限公司 | 3D printing technology-based manufacturing method of optical fiber perform rod |
| CN105347664B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-03-01 | 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 | A kind of preform production method based on 3D printing technique |
| CN106042748A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 陕西科技大学 | Manufacturing method for Longquan celadon through stacking method |
| CN108296618A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-20 | 南京理工大学 | Laser ranging system and investigating method for silk material plasma arc increasing material manufacturing |
| CN106945267A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-14 | 泉州玉环模具有限公司 | Three-dimensional printing-forming equipment and personalized sole print system and Method of printing |
| CN107415220A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-12-01 | 桂林市新众科技有限公司 | 3D printing ejecting device |
| CN109782764A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-21 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | An intelligent solar energy unmanned logistics distribution system, control method and distribution vehicle |
| CN109622969A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of photocuring metallic print method |
| CN112497735A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-16 | 管彩琴 | Multi-nozzle linkage type mechanical three-dimensional printer based on hierarchical contour coupling |
| CN113171926A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 山东大学 | A progressive-coating surface integral forming device and method |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |