KR101692141B1 - Forming device for three-dimensional structure and forming method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure through printing and curing of a material, Axis moving mechanism moving the head in a plane, and the head moving relative to the head in the z-axis direction, and the three-dimensional structure to be manufactured is located and a z-axis moving mechanism. The present invention has the effect of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure with precision in conformity with the performance of a servo apparatus by adding a structure of a conventional apparatus for manufacturing a 3D structure of a layered structure and a machine capable of machining.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a three-

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure with higher precision.

Generally, a method of generating a three-dimensional structure can be divided into a method of cutting a mass material and a lamination method known as a three-dimensional printer. In the case of removing the material, there is a limitation in processing a complicated shape such as an empty shape, and a three-dimensional structure is manufactured through various steps such as mock-up manufacturing-mold manufacturing-casting.

This method requires a lot of cost and time, and a processing method of laminating the materials in order to make complex structures in a short time has been attracting attention. Such lamination-type devices are being used not only for the manufacture of prototypes but also for real parts processing, because they can be implemented at a low cost according to the development of IT technology. Particularly, a method of melting wire-shaped solid materials and laminating them through nozzles is getting more popular with a simple system configuration.

As an example of such a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus, there is JP-A-10-1346704 (registered on Dec. 24, 2013, a 3D printer capable of forming multicolor products).

The above patent includes a heater nozzle moving in the x and y directions, a work table mounted on a z linear moving mechanism capable of moving in the z direction, a filament conveying part capable of supplying a plurality of thermoplastic filaments to the heater nozzle, and a controller ,

The thermoplastic filaments of different colors are supplied to the heater nozzle, and layers of various colors are sequentially layered to produce a 3D stereostructure structure.

As in the conventional example described above, the conventional 3D printing apparatus melts the supplied solid filaments in the nozzles while spraying the nozzles in the direction of the x, y, and z axes relative to the workbench, .

At this time, the relative movement of the nozzle position can be relatively easily controlled. However, the precision of the nozzle for melting and discharging the solid wire and the control limit of the discharge amount and the thermal deformation of the material do not meet the accuracy according to the mechanical movement described above in terms of shape and precision. That is, there is a problem that a three-dimensional structure conforming to the performance of the servo apparatus can not be generated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus and method capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure with precision in accordance with performance of a servo apparatus, have.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure in which a separate post-treatment process is not required.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure through printing and curing of a material. The apparatus includes a nozzle unit for printing a material, And a y-axis movement mechanism part for moving the head part in a plane, and the head part relatively move in the z-axis direction, and the three-dimensional structure And a z-axis moving mechanism portion in which the z-axis moving mechanism is located.

The machine tool may include a rotary drive unit and a tool that rotates by the rotary drive unit and mechanically processes the surface of the three dimensional structure.

Wherein the head portion includes a nozzle portion for three-dimensional printing and a machine tool for machining, wherein each of the nozzle portion and the machine tool is rotatably supported on first and second rotation supports rotatable in the y- Can be combined.

The rotational coupling position of the nozzle unit coupled to the first rotational support may be at a higher position than the rotational coupling position of the machine coupled to the second rotational support.

The z-axis moving mechanism includes a guide portion for supporting the horizontal plate in a vertically movable state, a driving portion for providing power necessary for moving the horizontal plate, a rotary pedestal rotatably coupled to the upper surface of the horizontal plate, A fixing part for fixing the rotation support, and a structure fixing part for fixing the rotation support to the three-dimensional structure.

Further, the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention includes the steps of: a) printing a three-dimensional structure by using a nozzle unit; b) after the three-dimensional structure produced in the step a) is completely coagulated, C) machining a side of the three-dimensional structure by controlling the machine horizontally on the x-axis when the machining is selected, and d) ) Controlling the machine so that the work is parallel to the z-axis if side machining is not required, machining the upper surface of the three-dimensional structure, and e) performing the step c) or d) Then, it is checked whether the machining is completed. If the machining is completed, the process may be terminated. If the machining is not completed, the step b) may be returned.

The step e) may be configured to rotate the rotating pedestal on which the three-dimensional structure is located to return to the step b) in order to process the other side of the three-dimensional structure.

The nozzle unit and the machine can be rotated about their respective y-axis directions so that the end of the nozzle unit faces downward in the step a). In the step b) or c) So that the nozzle portion can be oriented in a direction parallel to the x-axis so as not to interfere.

The apparatus and method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention are capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure with precision in conformity with the performance of a servo apparatus by adding a machine of a conventional machine for manufacturing a 3D structure, have.

Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure with high accuracy at a relatively low cost, without requiring a separate post-treatment process, thereby increasing the penetration rate of the three- have.

1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1. Fig.
3 is a detailed perspective view of the head portion.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are diagrams showing the operation of the head portion.
6 is a detailed configuration diagram of the z-axis moving mechanism section.
7 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a schematic diagram of a data processing process of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus and method according to preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of a head.

1 to 3, the apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a head unit 400 for forming and processing a three-dimensional structure including a nozzle unit 401 and a machine tool 402, An x-axis moving mechanism 300 capable of moving the head 400 in the x-axis direction, a y-axis moving mechanism 200 capable of moving the head 400 in the y-axis direction, And a z-axis moving mechanism 500 for providing a relative movement in the z-axis direction with respect to the head part 400 and providing a pedestal for generating a three-dimensional structure.

Reference numeral 100 denotes a main frame unit that supports each unit and forms an outer shape of the apparatus.

The head part 400 includes a nozzle part 401 for three-dimensional printing and a machining workpiece 402 for machining. The nozzle part 401 and the machining part 402 each include a y- And supported by the first and second rotation supports 403 and 404, The first and second rotation support rods 403 and 404 are coupled to the front and rear sides along the longitudinal direction of the rotation support rest 405, respectively.

Hereinafter, the construction and operation of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The head unit 400 includes a nozzle unit 401 for performing printing and a machine tool 402 for machining the nozzle unit 401. The nozzle unit 401 is connected to the nozzle unit 401, The relative position is kept constant. The machine tool 402 may include a rotary drive and a tool mounted on the rotary drive.

The positional relationship between the nozzle end portion of the nozzle portion 401 and the tool end portion of the machining tool 402 becomes constant so that even if the nozzle portion 401 and the machine tool 402 are selectively used A constant machining point can be maintained through position adjustment on the control program.

The head unit 400 can move in the y axis direction along the y axis movement mechanism unit 200 and the y axis movement mechanism unit 200 can move in the x axis direction along the x axis movement mechanism unit 300.

That is, the head unit 400 can move on the same plane by the y-axis movement mechanism unit 200 and the x-axis movement mechanism unit 300, and printing is performed through the nozzle unit 401, Can be generated.

At this time, the generated three-dimensional structure is positioned on the z-axis movement mechanism 500. When printing is performed, the z-axis movement mechanism 500 moves in a direction in which the height gradually decreases, The configuration of the communication device 500 will be described in more detail below.

The y-axis movement mechanism unit 200 includes a y-axis drive unit 201 and two y-axis movement guide guides 202. The x-axis movement mechanism unit 300 is coupled to the y- , and the y-axis driving unit 201 can be transmitted and moved.

The power of the y-axis driving unit 201 may be a power transmission means such as a belt or a gear.

The x-axis moving mechanism unit 300 includes a driving unit 301 and a guide guide 302 similar to the y-axis moving mechanism unit 200. The head unit 400 is attached to the upper end of the guide unit 302, The head unit 400 can be moved in a plane (xy).

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are diagrams showing the operation of the head portion.

4 shows a state in which the nozzle unit 401 is rotated so as to be parallel to the x axis and the machine tool 402 is rotated so as to be parallel to the z axis direction. In this case, the stacking operation through the nozzle unit 401 is not performed, and the axis of the machine tool 402 is aligned in the z-axis direction, so that the generated three-dimensional structure can be processed in the horizontal plane.

5, the nozzle unit 401 is rotated so as to coincide with the x-axis, and the machine 402 is also rotated so as to be parallel to the x-axis direction. In this case, the stacking operation through the nozzle unit 401 is not performed, and the axis of the machine tool 402 is aligned in the x-axis direction and the side machining of the three-dimensional structure is possible.

That is, the machining work 402 can be aligned in the axial direction parallel to the z-axis and the x-axis direction, so that the horizontal surface and the side surface of the three-dimensional structure generated by the nozzle unit 401 can be machined.

In this embodiment, only the state in which the machine tool 402 rotates 90 degrees in the z-axis direction and the x-axis direction is referred to, but it is possible to rotate between parallel directions of the z-axis and the x-axis as required. That is, when the x axis is 0 degrees and the z axis is 90 degrees, the machining center 402 can rotate in the range of 0 to 90 degrees.

5, when the nozzle unit 401 and the machine tool 402 are aligned in the same direction, the machining work 402 machining the three-dimensional structure without interfering with the nozzle unit 401 The coupling position of the nozzle unit 401 rotatably coupled to the first rotary support 403 is coupled to the second rotary support 404 in a rotatable manner, Make the position higher than the position.

6 is a detailed configuration diagram of the z-axis moving mechanism unit 500. As shown in Fig.

6, the z-axis moving mechanism 500 includes a guide portion 502 for supporting the horizontal plate 503 in a vertically movable state, a driving portion 503 for providing power necessary for moving the horizontal plate 503, A rotation unit 504 rotatably coupled to the upper surface of the horizontal plate 503, a fixing unit 505 fixing the rotation unit 504, And a structure fixing unit 506 for fixing the three-dimensional structure.

In this structure, when the three-dimensional structure is formed using the nozzle unit 401, the horizontal plate 503 moves downward along the guide unit 502 by the driving unit 501, 401 can be sequentially printed from the bottom to the top of the three-dimensional structure.

At this time, the generated three-dimensional structure is positioned on the upper surface of the rotary pedestal 504.

When the nozzle unit 401 is used to generate the three-dimensional structure, the rotation support 504 is fixed by the fixing unit 505 so as not to rotate.

After all the three-dimensional structures are printed through the above process, the material is cured and the upper and side surfaces of the three-dimensional structure are processed using the machine 402.

At this time, a structure fixing portion 506 may be fixed to prevent the movement of the three-dimensional structure, and the rotation support 504 may be rotated as needed for side processing.

As described above, the present invention creates a three-dimensional structure and then carries out mechanical processing so as to obtain a more precise shape.

Hereinafter, the method for producing the three-dimensional structure of the present invention will be described in more detail.

7 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, a step S11 of confirming whether or not an additional machining mode is used, a step S12 of creating and terminating a three-dimensional structure using the nozzle unit 401 when the additional machining mode is not used, (S13) of adjusting a machining dimension when using the additional machining mode, a step (S14) of creating a three-dimensional structure using the nozzle unit (401), and a step (S16) of fixing the three-dimensional structure when the three-dimensional structure is completely solidified, a step (S17) of confirming whether the side of the fixed three-dimensional structure is to be processed, A step S18 of controlling the machine tool 402 horizontally on the x axis when machining is selected as a result of the determination in step S17 and a step S18 of performing the machining operation on the machine tool 402 after the step S18, Side (S20) of controlling the machining center (402) to be parallel to the z axis if the machining is not required as a result of the determination in the step S17 (S20); and after the step (S20) A step S21 of machining the upper surface of the structure, a step S22 of confirming whether the machining is completed after the step S19 or S20 and ending the process if the machining is completed, And rotating the rotating pedestal 504 to return to the step S17 (S23).

The method for fabricating the three-dimensional structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail as follows.

First, in step S11, whether or not the additional machining mode is used is confirmed. In this case, the term " open " means that the three-dimensional structure is generated using the nozzle unit 401, and then the three-dimensional structure generated by the machine 402 is processed.

If it is determined in step S11 that the additional machining mode is not used, a three-dimensional structure is created using the nozzle unit 401 of the head unit 400 in step S12. In this case, since the additional machining mode is not used, a three-dimensional structure is generated through printing in a general manner and ended.

Then, if it is determined in step S13 that the additional machining mode is to be used in step S11, the machining dimension is adjusted. Here, when the side or horizontal surface of the three-dimensional structure is mechanically cut into a fixed number, the three-dimensional structure produced using the nozzle unit 401 has to be larger than the fixed number. Therefore, So as to enable more precise machining.

Then, in step S14, the nozzle unit 401 is used to create a three-dimensional structure. The generated three dimensional structure is larger in dimension than the three dimensional structure generated in step S12.

The three-dimensional structure is created on the above-described rotating pedestal.

Then, in step S15, it is determined whether the three-dimensional structure generated in step S14 is completely solidified. Such a process can be set to perform the next step automatically after the completion of the normal solidification time with the waiting time, and it can be confirmed whether it is fully cured by visual inspection or other detection means.

Then, in step S16, if the three-dimensional structure is completely solidified, the three-dimensional structure is fixed using the structure fixing part 506. [

At this time, the rotating pedestal 504 does not rotate but remains fixed.

Next, in step S17, it is confirmed whether the side surface of the fixed three-dimensional structure is to be machined. This confirmation is for the machine to change the posture of the study 402.

Next, in step S18, if the machining side is selected as a result of the determination in step S17, the posture is controlled such that the machine tool 402 is leveled on the x axis. As described above, the nozzle unit 401 converts the posture so as to be horizontal to the x-axis so that the nozzle unit 401 is not interfered with in order to machine the three-dimensional structure using the machine 402.

Next, in step S19, the machine carries out the machining of the side surface of the three-dimensional structure by performing the step S18. At this time, the processing is performed according to the number of poles given as three-dimensional information.

Next, in step S20, if the side machining is not required as a result of the determination in step S17, the machine 402 changes the posture so that the machining center 402 is parallel to the z axis.

Then, in step S21, the upper surface of the three-dimensional structure is machined after the step S20.

Then, in step S22, after performing step S19 or step S20, it is checked whether the machining is completed. If the machining is completed, the manufacturing process is terminated.

Otherwise, if it is determined in step S22 that there is still a further machining surface to be machined, the machining operation is continued by rotating the rotating pedestal 504 and then returning to step S17.

Such a process is performed in parallel with the printing program so that a computer control program can be automatically processed.

8 is a schematic diagram of a data processing process of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, a conventional three-dimensional shape processing of a lamination method converts an STL file from a 3D model, and slides in a height direction, and path information of a nozzle passing through information of each cross section is transmitted to a three-dimensional printer to form a three-dimensional shape.

When additional machining for improving the accuracy of the excitation is required, a path through which the nozzle unit 401 including the portion to be removed is passed from the 3D model for further processing

This path is programmed to selectively move the head portion 400 including the machining head 402 using the x-axis moving mechanism 300, the y-axis moving mechanism 200 and the z-axis moving mechanism 500 Processing.

As described above, according to the present invention, after the three-dimensional structure is formed by the printing method, mechanical processing can be performed in the same apparatus, and a structure with higher precision can be manufactured, and further processing is not required.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be.

100: main frame 200: y-axis moving mechanism
201: y-axis drive unit 202: y-axis movement guide guide
300: x-axis moving mechanism unit 301: x-axis driving unit
302: x-axis movement guide guide 400:
401: nozzle unit 402:
403: first rotation support member 404: second rotation support member
500: z-axis moving mechanism 501:
502: guide portion 503: horizontal plate
504: Rotation pedestal 505:
506:

Claims (8)

A three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure through printing and curing of a material, comprising: a head portion having a nozzle portion for printing a material and a machining portion capable of machining the manufactured three-dimensional structure; An x-axis moving mechanism and a y-axis moving mechanism moving the head in a plane; And a z-axis moving mechanism that moves relative to the head in a z-axis direction and in which the manufactured three-dimensional structure is located,
The head portion includes a nozzle portion for three-dimensional printing and a machine tool for machining, wherein each of the nozzle portion and the machine tool is rotatably coupled to first and second rotation supports rotatable in the y- Wherein the first and second rotation support rods are respectively coupled to the front and rear along the longitudinal direction of the rotation support and fixture portion, and the rotational coupling position of the nozzle portion coupled to the first rotation support rods is coupled to the second rotation support rods Wherein the machine is in a higher position relative to the rotationally coupled position of the workpiece and the machine tool is comprised of a rotary drive and a tool for rotating by the rotary drive and machining the surface of the three- Manufacturing apparatus
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The z-
A guide portion for supporting the horizontal plate in a vertically movable state;
A driving unit for providing power required for movement of the horizontal plate;
A rotating pedestal rotatably coupled to an upper surface of the horizontal plate;
A fixing unit for fixing the rotation pedestal; And
And a structure fixing unit provided on the rotating pedestal and fixing the three-dimensional structure.
A three-dimensional structure manufacturing method using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1,
a) printing by printing a three-dimensional structure using a nozzle unit;
b) confirming whether the side of the fixed three-dimensional structure is processed after the three-dimensional structure produced in the step a) is completely solidified;
c) machining the side of the three-dimensional structure by controlling the machine horizontally on the x-axis when machining is selected as a result of the determination of step b);
d) machining the upper surface of the three-dimensional structure by controlling the machine so that the machine is parallel to the z-axis if side machining is not required as a result of the determination in step b);
e) after performing step c) or d), confirming that the machining is completed, ending the process if completed, and returning to step b) if machining is not completed,
The nozzle unit and the machine can be rotated about their respective y-axis directions. In the step a), the tip of the nozzle unit faces downward,
Wherein in the step b) or the step c), the nozzle part is oriented in a direction parallel to the x-axis so as not to interfere with the nozzle part during machining
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the step (e) comprises rotating the rotating pedestal on which the three-dimensional structure is located to rotate the other side of the three-dimensional structure, and then returning to the step b).
delete

Images