CN105018171B - Compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation device, which comprises a raw material supply bin, a powder addition bin, a liquid raw material addition bin, a mixing unit and a compact molding unit; the raw material supply bin and the powder addition bin are discharged The inlet is located on the side of the mixing unit inlet, and communicates with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit through the inlet of the mixing unit. The outlet of the liquid raw material addition chamber is connected with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit. The compact molding unit is located at the outlet of the mixing unit. The unit discharge port is connected to the compact molding unit feed port; the invention can automatically add modified liquid raw materials and powder raw materials as needed, and realize uniform mixing with biomass raw materials, and can efficiently prepare biomass solid molding fuels .

Description

Composite modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization and solid waste treatment, in particular to a compound modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device.

Background technique

At present, the whole world is facing the dual pressure of energy and environment. On the one hand, social and economic development requires energy as a driving force. Due to the limited reserves of fossil energy, the world’s oil resources will be exhausted in the next 50 to 80 years based on current consumption estimates; on the other hand, excessive consumption of fossil fuels has broken the The energy and carbon balance in nature has brought about increasingly serious environmental problems such as ozone layer depletion, global warming, and acid rain. Therefore, the development and utilization of biomass energy with the characteristics of environmental protection, cleanliness and sustainable utilization has been highly valued by many countries.

my country is a large agricultural country with a large amount of biomass resources. There are more than 20 kinds of crop straws alone, which can produce more than 700 million tons per year. It is one of the countries with the most abundant biomass resources in the world. Agricultural biomass can account for more than 40% of the total, and random incineration will not only cause serious environmental pollution, but also a huge waste of resources. In view of the above situation, it has become a very urgent task to use the huge reserves of agricultural and forestry biomass resources in my country to alleviate the current energy and environmental problems.

Among the various ways of biomass energy utilization, extrusion compaction has the advantages of simple process and high productivity, and the density and strength of biomass briquette fuel (Biomass Densification Briquetting Fuel, BDBF) are high, easy to transport and burn, and have gradually It has become the mainstream technology in developed countries such as Europe and the United States.

Because biomass has the particularity that the raw material characteristics (raw material composition, particle size and moisture, etc.) are not easy to control, and the characteristics of various raw materials are quite different, domestic research on this technology started relatively late, and the basic theory is not yet perfect. There are three prominent problems in the practical application of biomass densification molding equipment: high energy consumption of molding equipment, fast mold wear and low calorific value of the molding fuel produced.

The composite modification technology can effectively improve the characteristics of raw materials, reduce the energy consumption of molding, prolong the life of the mold, and increase the calorific value of fuel. However, because the composite modified biomass fuel molding process is more complicated than the traditional compact molding process, the requirements for molding equipment are also higher, and the current traditional biomass compact molding equipment cannot meet the needs of use.

Consulting domestic and foreign literature, the patent CN 102862312 A discloses a biomass extrusion molding unit, which is composed of power, operation control, shearing, rolling, extrusion molding, finished product extrusion and disconnection, and weighing and packaging mechanisms. And installed on the same frame, the biomass extrusion combined unit can realize the continuous extrusion of biomass, but the unit does not have the function of adding and mixing modified raw materials. Patent CN 201479886 U discloses a horizontal feed mixing and granulating unit, which is composed of a crushing air suction inlet, an auxiliary material elevator, a mixing chamber and a granulating chamber, which can realize mixing and granulating at one time. However, it is impossible to add liquid modified raw materials, and it is impossible to realize the automatic control of raw material addition ratio.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compound modified biomass solid that can automatically add modified liquid raw materials and powder raw materials on demand, and realize uniform mixing with biomass raw materials, and can efficiently prepare biomass solid molding fuels Shaped fuel preparation device.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the present invention is:

A composite modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device, comprising a raw material supply bin, a powder material addition bin, a liquid raw material addition bin, a mixing unit and a compact molding unit;

The outlets of the raw material supply bin and the powder addition bin are located on the side of the inlet of the mixing unit, and communicate with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit through the inlet of the mixing unit.

The outlet of the liquid raw material adding bin is connected with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit,

The compact forming unit is located at the discharge port of the mixing unit, and the discharge port of the mixing unit is connected to the feed port of the compact forming unit;

Among them, the feeding screw of the raw material bin is evenly distributed on the screw shaft of the raw material bin, the screw of the powder adding bin is evenly distributed on the screw shaft of the powder adding bin, and the mixing screw is evenly distributed on the mixing screw shaft at the end of the outlet of the mixing unit. The screw shaft of the bin, the screw shaft of the powder adding bin and the mixing screw shaft are located at the bottom of the raw material bin, the powder adding bin and the mixing chamber of the mixing unit respectively; Drive the screw shaft of the raw material bin and the screw shaft of the powder adding bin to rotate; the mixing paddles are evenly distributed on the mixing shaft, the mixing shaft is located directly above the mixing screw shaft, and the mixing drive motor is driven simultaneously by the mixing shaft driving chain and the mixing screw shaft driving chain The mixing shaft and mixing screw shaft rotate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages:

(1) The compound modified solid briquette fuel preparation device proposed by the present invention can simultaneously achieve the purpose of reducing molding energy consumption, improving product quality and prolonging mold life, and can solve the bottleneck problem that restricts the wide application of biomass solid briquette fuel, and promote Promotion of biomass solid briquette fuel technology.

(2) The present invention can realize simultaneous addition and mixing of liquid modified raw materials and powder modified raw materials, and can automatically control the ratio of raw materials added.

(3) The present invention can adapt to various pretreated biomass raw materials, and can greatly promote the efficient utilization of biomass resources.

(4) The present invention can realize the addition, mixing and extrusion molding of raw materials at the same time, and can effectively improve the production efficiency of biomass dense molding fuel.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing composite modified biomass solid briquettes according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the device for preparing composite modified biomass solid briquettes of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a left view of the compound modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a mixing shaft and blades of a composite modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the dense molding of the ring die of the composite modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the vertical placement of the ring die molding device in the composite modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Combined with Figure 1:

A compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation device of the present invention includes a raw material supply bin, a powder adding bin, a liquid raw material adding bin, a mixing unit and a dense molding unit;

The outlets of the raw material supply bin and the powder addition bin are located on the side of the inlet of the mixing unit, and communicate with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit through the inlet of the mixing unit.

The outlet of the liquid raw material adding bin is connected with the mixing chamber of the mixing unit,

The compact forming unit is located at the discharge port of the mixing unit, and the discharge port of the mixing unit is connected to the feed port of the compact forming unit;

Among them, the feeding screw 1 of the raw material bin is evenly distributed on the screw shaft 2 of the raw material bin, the screw 3 of the powder adding bin is evenly distributed on the screw shaft 4 of the powder adding bin, and the mixing screw 5 is evenly distributed on the mixing unit located at one end of the outlet of the mixing unit. On the screw shaft 6, the screw shaft 2 of the raw material bin, the screw shaft 4 of the powder adding bin and the mixing screw shaft 6 are respectively located at the bottom of the raw material bin body 7, the powder adding bin body 8 and the mixing chamber of the mixing unit; the feeding drive motor 9 passes through the raw material The bin transmission chain 10 and the powder addition bin transmission chain 11 simultaneously drive the raw material bin screw shaft 2 and the powder addition bin screw shaft 4 to rotate respectively; Above, the mixing drive motor 13 drives the mixing shaft 12 and the mixing screw shaft 6 to rotate simultaneously through the mixing shaft driving chain 14 and the mixing screw shaft driving chain 15 respectively.

The mixing paddles include large mixing paddles 16 and small mixing paddles 17 , and the large mixing paddles 16 and small mixing paddles 17 are uniformly distributed on the mixing shaft 12 at intervals.

The blades of the large mixing paddles 16 form an included angle of 70° to 80° with the center line of the mixing shaft 12 .

The combined reduction ratio of the feeding drive sprocket 18 on the feeding drive motor 9 and the powder adding bin sprocket 19 on the powder adding bin screw shaft 4 ranges from 5 to 10.

The liquid addition chamber body 20 of the liquid raw material addition chamber communicates with the end of the mixing chamber of the mixing unit close to the feed inlet of the mixing unit through the delivery pipe 21 , and the delivery pipe 21 is provided with a valve 22 and a liquid pump 23 .

The compact molding unit includes a ring molding device 24, a transmission 25, a forming drive motor 26 and a base 27, wherein the ring molding device 24, a transmission 25, and the forming drive motor 26 are located on the base 27, and the ring molding device 24 passes through the transmission 25 It is connected with the output shaft of the forming drive motor 26.

Combined with Figure 1 ~ Figure 3:

The raw material supply bin of the present invention includes a raw material bin body 7, a raw material bin screw shaft 2, a raw material bin feeding screw 1, a feeding drive motor 9 and a raw material bin transmission chain 10, and the powder adding bin includes a powder feeding bin body 8, a powder adding bin Screw shaft 4, powder adding bin screw 3, powder adding bin drive chain 11 and powder adding bin sprocket 19, mixing unit includes mixing large paddle 16, mixing small paddle 17, mixing shaft 12, mixing screw shaft 6 , mixing screw 5, mixing drive motor 13, mixing shaft driving chain 14 and mixing screw shaft driving chain 15, the liquid raw material adding bin includes a liquid adding bin body 20, a liquid pump 23, a valve 22 and a delivery pipe 21, and the dense molding unit includes Ring molding device 24 , transmission 25 , molding drive motor 26 and base 27 .

The specific implementation process is: adjust the feeding drive sprocket 18 and the powder adding bin sprocket 19 to a suitable reduction ratio, drive the raw material bin screw shaft 2 and the powder adding bin screw shaft 4 to rotate through the feeding driving motor 9, and make the biomass The raw material and the added powder are transferred to the mixing unit, and then uniformly mixed with the added raw material delivered by the liquid raw material adding chamber in the mixing unit, and then output to the molding unit through the mixing screw 5 to be formed into solid fuel.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure and layout of the large mixing paddle 16 of the composite modified biomass solid briquette fuel preparation device of the present invention. The large mixing paddles 16 and small mixing paddles 17 are evenly distributed on the mixing shaft 12. The blades of the large mixing paddles 16 form an included angle of 70°-80° with the center line of the mixing shaft 12. Using this angle, the raw materials can be mixed Mixing in the unit and pushing to the outlet at a certain speed.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the molding of the compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation device of the present invention. After the molding raw material is sent into the molding unit, it is filled in the molding cavity formed by the pressure roller and the ring mold. With the rotation of the pressure roller and the ring mold, Extrude biomass solid fuel with a specific molding density from the die hole.

Example 1

Combined with Figure 1 to Figure 5:

In this embodiment, rice straw is used as the raw material, crushed to less than 5 mm, dried to a moisture content of about 10% after hydrothermal treatment, and transported to the raw material supply warehouse; starch is used as the added powder, and transported to the powder addition warehouse; The crude glycerin is used as the liquid additive, which is transported to the liquid raw material addition warehouse. Feeding driving sprocket 18 and powder material adding bin sprocket 19 combined reduction ratios are 9. The driving motor 9 drives the raw material bin screw shaft 2 and the powder adding bin screw shaft 4 to rotate through the raw material bin transmission chain 10 and the powder material addition bin transmission chain 11, and the rice straw raw material is sent into the mixing unit at a certain speed, and at the same time, the set deceleration is utilized. Ratio realizes the automatic addition of starch additives in proportion. The valve 22 is opened, and the liquid pump 23 starts to work at the same time, and the crude glycerol is added into the mixing unit at a certain rate through the delivery pipe 21 . The included angle between the blade of the mixing large paddle 16 and the center line of the mixing shaft 12 is 75°, the mixing drive motor 13 starts to work, and the mixing shaft 12 and the mixing screw shaft 6 are driven to rotate by the mixing drive chain 14 and the mixing screw shaft drive chain 15, The rice straw raw material, starch and crude glycerin are fully mixed in the mixing unit by mixing the large paddle 16 and the small mixing paddle 17, and the mixing screw 5 transports the mixed raw material to the outlet of the mixing unit, and then enters the molding unit for molding. The ring molding device 24 of the dense molding unit is placed horizontally. If it is necessary to change the proportioning range of raw materials, just adjust the output of the liquid pump 23 and the combined reduction ratio of the driving motor sprocket 18 and the powder adding bin sprocket 19 to get final product.

Example 2

Combined with Figure 1 to Figure 5:

In this embodiment, sawdust is used as the raw material, and the moisture content is prepared to be about 10%, which is transported to the raw material supply bin; starch is used as the powder to be added, and it is transported to the powder addition bin; Raw material addition bin.

Feeding driving sprocket 18 and powder material adding bin sprocket 19 combined reduction ratio is 10. The driving motor 9 drives the screw shaft 2 of the raw material bin and the screw shaft 4 of the powder adding bin to rotate through the transmission chain 10 of the raw material bin and the transmission chain 11 of the powder addition bin. Realize the automatic addition of starch additives in proportion. The valve 22 is opened, and the liquid pump 23 starts to work at the same time, and the paraffin liquid is added into the mixing unit through the delivery pipe 21 at a certain rate. The included angle between the blade of the mixing large paddle 16 and the center line of the mixing shaft 12 is 80°, the mixing drive motor 13 starts to work, and the mixing shaft 12 and the mixing screw shaft 6 are driven to rotate by the mixing drive chain 14 and the mixing screw shaft drive chain 15, The sawdust raw material, starch and paraffin liquid are fully mixed in the mixing unit by mixing the large paddle 16 and the small mixing paddle 17, and the mixing screw 5 transports the mixed raw material to the outlet of the mixing unit, and then enters the molding unit for molding. The ring molding device 24 of the dense molding unit is placed horizontally. If it is necessary to change the proportioning range of raw materials, just adjust the output of the liquid pump 23 and the combined reduction ratio of the driving motor sprocket 18 and the powder adding bin sprocket 19 to get final product.

Example 3

Combined with Figure 1 to Figure 6:

In this embodiment, rice straw is used as raw material, crushed to less than 5 mm, dried to a moisture content of about 10% after baking, and transported to the raw material supply warehouse; starch is used as the added powder, and transported to the powder added warehouse; The waste engine oil is used as the liquid additive, which is transported to the liquid raw material addition bin. Feeding driving sprocket 18 and powder material adding bin sprocket 19 combined reduction ratios are 5. The driving motor 9 drives the raw material bin screw shaft 2 and the powder adding bin screw shaft 4 to rotate through the raw material bin transmission chain 10 and the powder material addition bin transmission chain 11, and the rice straw raw material is sent into the mixing unit at a certain speed, and at the same time, the set deceleration is utilized. Ratio realizes the automatic addition of starch additives in proportion. Open the valve 22, and at the same time, the liquid pump 23 starts to work, and the waste engine oil is added into the mixing unit through the delivery pipe 21 at a certain rate. The included angle between the blade of the mixing large paddle 16 and the center line of the mixing shaft 12 is 70°, the mixing drive motor 13 starts to work, and the mixing drive chain 14 and the mixing screw shaft drive chain 15 drive the mixing shaft 12 and the mixing screw shaft 6 to rotate. The rice straw raw material, starch and waste engine oil are fully mixed in the mixing unit with the large paddle 16 and the mixing small paddle 17, and the mixing screw 5 transports the mixed raw material to the outlet of the mixing unit, and then enters the molding unit for molding. As shown in FIG. 6 , the ring molding device 24 of the dense molding unit is placed vertically. If it is necessary to change the proportioning range of raw materials, just adjust the output of the liquid pump 23 and the combined reduction ratio of the driving motor sprocket 18 and the powder adding bin sprocket 19 to get final product.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of 1. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities, it is characterised in that：Add including raw material supply storehouse, powder Add storehouse, liquid charging stock addition storehouse, mixed cell and compact formed unit；

   The discharging opening in raw material supply storehouse and powder addition storehouse be located at mixed cell feeding mouth side, and by mixed cell feeding mouth and The hybrid chamber connection of mixed cell,

   Liquid charging stock addition bin discharge port external connects with mixed cell hybrid chamber,

   Compact formed unit is located at mixed cell discharge port end, and mixed cell discharging opening is connected with compact formed unit feed mouth；

   Wherein, raw material cabin feeding screw（1）It is distributed in raw material cabin helical axis（2）On, powder addition storehouse spiral（3）It is distributed in powder Add storehouse helical axis（4）On, mixing auger（5）It is distributed in the mixing auger axle positioned at mixed cell discharging opening one end（6）On, it is former Feed bin helical axis（2）, powder addition storehouse helical axis（4）With mixing auger axle（6）It is located at raw material warehouse respectively（7）, powder addition Warehouse（8）With the bottom of mixed cell hybrid chamber；Feed motor（9）Pass through raw material cabin driving chain（10）Added with powder Storehouse driving chain（11）Drive raw material cabin helical axis simultaneously respectively（2）Storehouse helical axis is added with powder（4）Rotate；Mixing paddle is equal It is distributed in mixing axle（12）On, mix axle（12）Positioned at mixing auger axle（6）Surface, hybrid drive motor（13）By mixing axle Drive chain（14）With mixing auger axle drive chain（15）Drive mixing axle simultaneously respectively（12）With mixing auger axle（6）Turn It is dynamic.
2. 2. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described mixed Closing blade includes mixing big blade（16）With the small blade of mixing（17）, mix big blade（16）With the small blade of mixing（17）Interval is equal Cloth is in mixing axle（12）On.
3. 3. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described mixed Close big blade（16）Blade with mixing axle（12）Center line be in 70 °~80 ° angles.
4. 4. the compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that： The charging motor（9）On charging drive sprocket（18）Storehouse helical axis is added with powder（4）On powder addition storehouse chain Wheel（19）Combination speed reducing ratio scope be 5~10.
5. 5. the compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that： The liquid addition storehouse warehouse in the liquid charging stock addition storehouse（20）Pass through delivery pipe（21）With mixed cell hybrid chamber close to mixing One end connection of unit feeding mouth, and delivery pipe（21）On be provided with valve（22）And liquid pump（23）.
6. 6. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The liquid The liquid addition storehouse warehouse in body raw material addition storehouse（20）Pass through delivery pipe（21）Enter with mixed cell hybrid chamber close to mixed cell One end connection of material mouth, and delivery pipe（21）On be provided with valve（22）And liquid pump（23）.
7. 7. the compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6, its feature exist In：The compact formed unit includes ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, it is molded motor（26）And base （27）, wherein, ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, shaping motor（26）Positioned at base（27）On, ring moulds shaping Device（24）Pass through speed changer（25）With being molded motor（26）Output axis connection.
8. 8. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The cause Close forming unit includes ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, it is molded motor（26）And base（27）, wherein, Ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, shaping motor（26）Positioned at base（27）On, ring moulds shaped device（24）It is logical Cross speed changer（25）With being molded motor（26）Output axis connection.
9. 9. compound modified biomass solid molding fuel preparation facilities according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The cause Close forming unit includes ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, it is molded motor（26）And base（27）, wherein, Ring moulds shaped device（24）, speed changer（25）, shaping motor（26）Positioned at base（27）On, ring moulds shaped device（24）It is logical Cross speed changer（25）With being molded motor（26）Output axis connection.