CN105010068B - The cultural method of one planting fruit-trees short-term training high yield - Google Patents
The cultural method of one planting fruit-trees short-term training high yield Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of a planting fruit-trees, it is from building well improved soil, several aspect innovations such as preparation, lifting management, the field planting of fruit seedling, rich water quality management, pruning, insect pest preventing and controlling before field planting, the survival rate of fruit transplantation of seedlings is effectively improved, the seedling-slowing stage after fruit transplantation of seedlings is eliminated, just can enter fruiting period within 12 years, fruit seedling fast-growth Cheng Yuan can be made, precocity fruiting, early high yield, increase the economic well-being of workers and staff of orchard worker, the development to fruit industry has great importance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of a planting fruit-trees, belong to modern agriculture technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's modern agriculture industry, also turn into rural economy as the fruit tree of one of industrial crops and send out
The mainstay that exhibition, recreational tourism agricultural, home farm and increasing peasant income are got rich.Most fruit trees are perennial woody plants, according to
According to current cultivation technique, plant then can not result, general to take 3-5 and enter fruiting period, 5-7 enters the best fruiting period.Knot
Fruiting period, which is postponed, causes orchard worker time horizon of vestment limit for length, slowly effect, and going down can cause Agriculture Production slow for a long time.
《Southern china fruit tree》The 2nd phase of volume 35 in 2006 discloses a kind of crystal sugar orange fast growing and high yield superior quality cultivation technique,
It it is main from selection kind, improve the soil after field planting, treelet management and bearing-age tree management etc. it is several in terms of be controlled and reach that fast-growing is high
The purpose of production.But from the point of view of the content that the document is described, actually when transplanting, fruit nursery stock is not easy to survive, and result
Phase also takes 3-5 at least to be entered.
The application for a patent for invention of Application No. 201410105987.3 discloses a kind of cultural method of fruit tree seedling, and it leads to
Cross and hole of fostering and apply fertilizer dug on soil, backfilled with earth formation mound in paving green grass and fertilising fermentation, fertilizer after fermentation in hole of fostering and apply fertilizer,
Several steps such as alveole are dug in the middle part of mound, seedling fast-growth is realized, increase survival rate, shorten the purposes such as maturity period.Its into
Though motility rate and yield are improved but real realization very left and right is survived and the purpose of high yield, and its fruiting period also takes 3 years
Left and right could enter.
The application for a patent for invention of Application No. 201510011296.1 discloses a kind of navel orange and born fruit high yield new technology, and it is
With the nutritional need of two breeding times of the nutrition production of navel orange and reproductive growth, trimmed by choosing seeds, putting the tip, promote control branches and leaves life
Long, promotion bud differentiation, control slightly fruit retention, rush fruit are expanded, improve the measures such as fruit quality, rational application of fertilizers, insect prevention, diseases prevention, are realized
Stable high yield purpose.Its fruiting period, which takes 3-5, to be entered.
Therefore on the basis of fruit quality is improved, fruit tree premature labor high yield is made to have turned into what modern agriculture industry metaplasia was produced again
One important technique measure.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of a planting fruit-trees, so as to increase the economic well-being of workers and staff of orchard worker.
Technical scheme：The cultural method of one planting fruit-trees short-term training high yield, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Alpine Area：The line-spacing setting-out of plant fruit seedling is planned by building well, Alpine Area is carried out with excavator, raises out
Trench will deep 100 ㎝, wide 80 ㎝, raise moat when 35 more than ㎝ table soil is dug out to the one side for being placed on trench, by the 35-70 ㎝ heart
Soil digs out the another side for being deposited in trench, and 70-100 ㎝ subsoil is dug and unclasped in trench；After trench is dug, three steps of soil point
Backfill, the first step is dug in trench puts being adopted including straw, husk, saw wood ash, dry branches and fallen leaves or crop for 10 ㎝ thickness on the subsoil of pine
The vegetable fertilizer including stalk after receipts, second step after backfill is mixed thoroughly above the vegetable fertilizer and the farm manure mixed with calcium superphosphate with
Table soil, wherein every meter long trench applies 0.5 kilogram of 30-50 kilograms of farm manure, the calcium superphosphate permitted and point become thoroughly decomposed, the 3rd step is by cubsoil
All backfills, and soil above ground level is made into black turtleback on trench；
（2）Dig planting pit：The spacing in the rows setting-out of fruit seedling is transplanted by planning on the line-spacing for moat of having raised, in the local people of setting-out
Work digs each 30 ㎝ one long, deep, wide planting pit, digs out the soil come and smashs into river sand shape to pieces as cultivation seedling, each planting pit spreads fertilizer over the fields 3
Gram soil bacteria worm kills, and spreads the paddy for having urged bud, beneficial to improving survival rate；
（3）Lifting is managed：First three day of lifting discharges water nursery, and filling is thoroughly rear to be at once allowed to dry water, allows fruit seedling root system fully to inhale
Water, selects healthy and strong qualified nursery stock during lifting, the side shoot of fruit seedling is all cut, and only stays the trunk of 50-60 ㎝ length, clip painting；
The root system exposed time on the ground of fruit seedling was no more than 6 hours, if fruit seedling is from garden is gone out to planting seedling base more than the time
It could plant, then moisturizing is handled when needing to carry out root system lifting；
（4）It is colonized pre-treatment：Long fibrous root is cut with the tiltedly method of cutting, fibrous root is most long to stay 20 ㎝, and manually removes grafting membrane,
Seedling root is soaked with the vinegar solution that the sugar solution or concentration of spirit and 5% are 1-2% is transplanted, is taken root after immersion with being mixed with
The fish pond mud of powder glues the root of nursery stock, with viscous with cultivation；The ratio of mud and root-inducing powder is by being defined for being write in root-inducing powder operation instruction；
（5）Fruit seedling is colonized：The nursery stock that root system is stained with into root-inducing powder and fish pond mud is put into planting pit, and it is fixed to be filled up with fine earth
Plant hole, and during banketing, while filling out fine earth, shaken above and below the hand-held nursery stock in side, fibrous root is combined closely with fine earth, protect as far as possible
The natural shape of primitive root system is held, after banketing, is gently up carried nursery stock, field planting soil is first compacted with pin, if compacting back root part is exposed
Fine earth is filled out again floods root；The root water mixed with inverse life or Nanning mycin must be filled in either fine day rainy day after cultivation, planting pit, than
Example is illustratively used；After perfusion water, treat water oozed can grave mound, never trample again, in order to avoid soil hardening, then fill out thick thin of 5cm
Soil；After field planting is good, ground spreads soil bacteria worm and kills elimination subterranean pest-insect, and the area that spread pesticides centered on seedling is no less than one square；
（6）Rich water quality management：After seedling planting is good, it is ensured that planting pit not ponding, when fruit seedling starts rudiment, filled with root-inducing powder
Root, is filled once, continuous to fill 3 times, soil moisture should be maintained between 20%-70% for 7-10 days；The season of growth of fruit seedling monthly intertills
Weeding once, late May ground spread ground worm gram after shallow hoe；Topdress and take a small amount of method repeatedly topdressed, when young sprout growth has 10
㎝ length and blade start to topdress when inherent colour is presented, topdress 10-15 days growth period once, concentration of applying fertilizer is with blade
Increase and increase, it is first light rear dense, while spraying foliar fertilizer weekly once；Start ditching-fertilizing June, combine and fill during ditching-fertilizing
Water, earth backing again after pouring water；October basal dressing；
（7）Pruning：Done surely immediately after field planting, heading height 45-55 ㎝, be necessary for full bud under clip and clip away from
From ㎝ of bud 0.5 or so；Cut sublateral shoot；Summer cuts twice, and help it is straight in do；
（8）Insect pest preventing and controlling.
As a preferred scheme, it is necessary to make loosening the soil for backfill heavy real 90-100 days during Alpine Area.This design is avoided that
The new root that fruit seedling is sent is broken when loosening the soil, so as to influence survival rate.
As another preferred scheme, in lifting management process, root system moisturizing processing is according to four kinds of tools of transplanting time point
Gymnastics is made：The first is fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 1-3 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and with moulding
Material film wraps root system；Be for second fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 3-5 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/tie
Tie up, and root system is sticked root NMF, then wrapped root system with plastic sheeting；The third is fruit seedling from garden is gone out to cultivation seedling base
Ground is planted for 5-10 days, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and root system is sticked root NMF, then between root and root
Moisturizing thing is sprinkled, finally root system, seedling bar is wrapped with plastic sheeting；4th kind is fruit seedling from garden is gone out to planting seedling base 10-20 days
Plant, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after 20 plants/bundle, root system is sticked root NMF, moisturizing thing is perfused between root and root and is used again
Plastic sheeting is wrapped, and stick NMF on seedling bar is wrapped with plastic sheeting, and outside adds packaging again.
Above-mentioned seedling bar NMF uses " 800 times of liquid of new high fat film "；Root is with NMF：The thin loess of new high fat film 300g+ powder
The many good fortune 50g+ waters of 20kg+ saw wood ashes 5kg+, wherein water are glued root by mud and are defined；Moisturizing thing is：The many good fortune 50g of saw wood ash 5kg+
+ water, wherein water are fully absorbed water by saw wood ash and are defined.
As a preferred scheme, in field planting pre-treatment step, the nursery stock one of long-distance transport should be carried out immediately to base
Moisturizing processing before field planting, then carries out heeling in processing.
As a preferred scheme, in fruit seedling field planting step, 100-150 times of carboxymethyl cellulose is sprayed after transplanted seedling tree
Element or high fat film or sleeving plastic film letter pipe apply branch NMF, and effect is to reduce nursery stock moisture evaporation, windproof that seedling is dried up,
Favourable fruit seedling is survived.
Advantages of the present invention：The cultivation technique of the rapid-result high yield of the present invention, from building well improved soil, preparation before field planting,
Several aspect innovations such as lifting management, the field planting of fruit seedling, rich water quality management, pruning, insect pest preventing and controlling are improved, and effectively improve the shifting of fruit seedling
The survival rate of cultivation, eliminates the seedling-slowing stage after fruit transplantation of seedlings, 1-2 can just enter fruiting period, can make fruit seedling fast-growth Cheng Yuan, early
As a result, early high yield, increases the economic well-being of workers and staff of orchard worker, and the development to fruit industry has great importance.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
（1）Alpine Area：The line-spacing setting-out of plant fruit seedling is planned by building well, Alpine Area is carried out with excavator, raises out
Trench will deep 100 ㎝, wide 80 ㎝, raise moat when 35 more than ㎝ table soil is dug out to the one side for being placed on trench, by the 35-70 ㎝ heart
Soil digs out the another side for being deposited in trench, and 70-100 ㎝ subsoil is dug and unclasped in trench；After trench is dug, three steps of soil point
Backfill, the first step is dug on the subsoil of pine in trench puts the thick plants including straw, husk, saw wood ash, dry branches and fallen leaves of 10 ㎝
Thing fertilizer, second step backfills after mixing thoroughly and mixed with calcium superphosphate farm manure and table soil above vegetable fertilizer, wherein every meter long moat
Ditch applies 0.5 kilogram of 30-50 kilograms of farm manure, the calcium superphosphate permitted and point become thoroughly decomposed, and the 3rd step all backfills cubsoil, and being higher by
The soil on ground is made into black turtleback on trench；The cubsoil of backfill can not have fertilizer, because the piece-root grafting for newly planting fruit seedling touches fertilizer meeting
Sending for new root is influenceed, Alpine Area work should shift to an earlier date 3 months -100 days and complete, and allow loosening the soil for backfill to have the time heavy real, such as moat
What ditch was backfilled loosens the soil heavy real with regard to planting fruit seedling, the new root that fruit seedling is sent, because of being broken when loosening the soil for backfill.
（2）Dig planting pit：The spacing in the rows setting-out of fruit seedling is transplanted by planning on the line-spacing for moat of having raised, in the local people of setting-out
Work digs each 30 ㎝ one long, deep, wide planting pit, digs out the soil come and smashs into river sand shape to pieces as cultivation seedling, each planting pit spreads fertilizer over the fields 3
Gram soil bacteria worm kills, and spreads the paddy for having urged bud, beneficial to improving survival rate.
（3）Lifting is managed：First three day of lifting discharges water nursery, and filling is thoroughly rear to be at once allowed to dry water, allows fruit seedling root system fully to inhale
Water, selects healthy and strong qualified nursery stock during lifting, the side shoot of fruit seedling is all cut, and only stays the trunk of 50-60 ㎝ length, clip painting；
The root system exposed time on the ground of fruit seedling was no more than 6 hours, if fruit seedling is from garden is gone out to planting seedling base more than the time
It could plant, then moisturizing is handled when needing to carry out root system lifting；Root system moisturizing processing is specific according to four kinds of transplanting time point
Operation：The first is fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 1-3 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and use plastics
Film wraps root system；Be for second fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 3-5 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle
It is good, and root system is sticked root NMF, then wrapped root system with plastic sheeting；The third is fruit seedling from garden is gone out to cultivation seedling base
Plant within 5-10 days, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and root system is sticked root NMF, then spread between root and root
Upper moisturizing thing, is finally wrapped root system, seedling bar with plastic sheeting；4th kind is fruit seedling from garden is gone out to planting the cultivation in 10-20 days of seedling base
It is good, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after 20 plants/bundle, root system is sticked root NMF, moisturizing thing is perfused between root and root again with moulding
Material film is wrapped, and stick NMF on seedling bar is wrapped with plastic sheeting, and outside adds packaging again.Seedling bar NMF " new high fat film
800 times of liquid "；Root is with NMF with " many good fortune 50g+ waters of the thin loess 20kg+ saw wood ashes 5kg+ of new high fat film 300g+ powder are with mud
Viscous root is defined "；Moisturizing thing is " many good fortune 50g+ waters of saw wood ash 5kg+ are fully absorbed water by saw wood ash to be defined ".
（4）It is colonized pre-treatment：Moisturizing is handled before the nursery stock one of long-distance transport should be colonized immediately to base, is then carried out
Processing is heeled in, and the place heeled in should select nursery stock to be heeled in river sand at the windproof anti-positive cloudy place of energy, mainly use river sand
The root of nursery stock is carried out to be buried in underground, and its humidity of guarantor of sprinkling water, it is ensured that make it combine closely with river sand per seedlings root system.
It is best that Sa get Kai is clutched in the humidity holding of river sand, which with hand,；Long fibrous root is cut with the tiltedly method of cutting, fibrous root is most long to stay 20 ㎝, and people
Work removes grafting membrane, and the vinegar solution for being 1-2% with transplanting spirit and 5% sugar solution or concentration soaks seedling root, immersion
The root of nursery stock is glued with the fish pond mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder afterwards, with viscous with cultivation；The ratio of mud and root-inducing powder is used by root-inducing powder and said
That is write on bright is defined.
（5）Fruit seedling is colonized：The nursery stock that root system is stained with into root-inducing powder and fish pond mud is put into planting pit, and it is fixed to be filled up with fine earth
Plant hole, and during banketing, while filling out fine earth, shaken above and below the hand-held nursery stock in side, fibrous root is combined closely with fine earth, protect as far as possible
The natural shape of primitive root system is held, after banketing, is gently up carried nursery stock, field planting soil is first compacted with pin, if compacting back root part is exposed
Fine earth is filled out again floods root；The root water mixed with inverse life or Nanning mycin must be filled in either fine day rainy day after cultivation, planting pit, than
Example is illustratively used；After perfusion water, treat water oozed can grave mound, never trample again, in order to avoid soil hardening, then fill out thick thin of 5cm
Soil；After field planting is good, ground spreads soil bacteria worm and kills elimination subterranean pest-insect, and the area that spread pesticides centered on seedling is no less than one square；Nursery stock
Also 100-150 times of carboxymethyl cellulose or 800 times of high fat film liquid or sleeving plastic film letter pipe or Tu Zhiyong can be sprayed after plant
NMF, effect is to reduce nursery stock moisture evaporation, and windproof that seedling is dried up, favourable fruit seedling is survived.There is the covered ground of part bar.Field planting
When points for attention：1. it should not transplant too deep, typically require after the heavy reality of trench soil soil plane with nursery stock root neck in a level
On line, field planting soil is higher than nursery stock root neck 10cm or so when starting field planting, when nursery stock new life is with 20cm, is higher than around rake tree trunk
The soil of nursery stock root neck, which scoops away, exposes root neck；2. the rainy day is avoided as far as possible plants seedling；3. nursery stock will plant tight plant just；4. root system can not directly connect
Touch fertilizer.
（6）Rich water quality management：After seedling planting is good, it is ensured that planting pit not ponding, when fruit seedling starts rudiment, filled with root-inducing powder
Can root, be filled once, continuous to fill 3 times, the period management is extremely important for 7-10 days, be that obtain the key of premature labor high yield.It is required that fine
Management, promotes growth.Because plant growth be unable to do without water, and soil water content height can influence nutrient conversion and
Absorption of the crop to nutrient.Soil moisture content is too high or too low all to make nursery stock can not send out new root, have a strong impact on surviving for fruit seedling
Rate.Soil conservation water content is between 20% -70%.Excess moisture, Soil ventilation is bad, and root system can be long because of asphyxia influence growth
It is dead that phase ponding will also result in fruit tree.30 cm layer of soil water content are preferably pinched tightly with hand, Sa get Kai.There is the soil of root zone
Soil pine is kept, organic substance is in 60% scope.It is required that fruit seedling the season of growth monthly tillage and weeding once, late May ground spread
Shallow hoe after ground worm gram.When temperature reaches more than 30, the ground areas mulching straw moisturizing of 50 centimetres of radius centered on fruit tree
Cooling, could keep the vigorous growth of fruit tree.Orchard must take out gutter, and tap drain is not less than 60 centimetres deeply, and phase ditch depth is not
Less than 40 centimetres.Topdress and take a small amount of method repeatedly topdressed, but to make Growth status development healthy and strong and reach that harvesting high-quality high-yield must
Must precision management.Such as low level management, cause trunk infusion bad, sapling up-growth is slow, and as a result tree vigo(u)r is weak, and yield is unstable,
Fruit size differs, poor quality, it is necessary to first have to strengthen the management of clay fertilizer water.Condition could reach needed for meeting growth and development of fruit tree
To good quality and high output and stable yields.Start to topdress when young sprout growth has 10 centimeter length, and during blade presentation inherent colour, be watered and apply
Fertilizer, is advisable with the 5-10% night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, pig manure, quail birds droppings, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, bio-fertilizer or 0.1-0.3% urea.Topdress
10-15 days growth period once, fertilising concentration can be increased suitably with increasing for blade, first light rear dense, while spraying leaf weekly
Leaven is once.Ditching-fertilizing is carried out in June（20 centimeters from plant are far opened one long 50 centimeters, deep 10 centimeters, wide 10 centimeters
Ditch）, every plant of 2 jin of night soil, chicken manure, pig manure, quail birds droppings for applying to become thoroughly decomposed mixes 1 liang of n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, and fertilizer is equal
It is placed in ditch, then the soil of trench digging is all recovered, late June evenly, implements the careless 10 centimeters of thickness of tree disk cover, dropped with sharp moisturizing
Temperature（Left a blank around trunk）, as in good time weather arid should be irrigated.Nitrogen fertilizer amount is reduced after August part, increases phosphorus potash fertilizer consumption, every plant
Ditch spread potassium dihydrogen phosphate half two, urea half two, while carrying out foliage spray with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Ditching-fertilizing every time one
Individual direction, east, south, west, north four direction is applied in turn.Combine and pour water during each ditching-fertilizing, earth backing again after pouring water.In October
Basal dressing, based on organic fertilizer, with reference to applying phosphate fertilizer.Method：It is 30 centimeters remote from plant, digged pit into semicircle domain bar shaped, deep 50 is public
Point, wide 40 centimeters, every plant puts 25 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and 0.5-1 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer is applied in ditch after being stirred with table soil, then remaining
Under soil all recover.
（7）Pruning：Done surely immediately after field planting, heading height 45-55 ㎝, be necessary for full bud under clip and clip away from
From ㎝ of bud 0.5 or so；Cut sublateral shoot；Plastic cloth at graft union is cut, and the sprout tillers below graft union is cut；Summer cut twice,
Growth period is carried out, i.e. pinching when shoot length to 3-4 Secondary Branch or so, only stays three branch growths；Done in helping directly, in
Dry deflection is then tree-like must be random, when trunk length to 1 meter or so 2.8 meters or so of Shi Xuyong bamboo pole helps straight trunk；With trunk
Increase, helping 3~4 times.
（8）Insect pest preventing and controlling：1. sick branch, deadwood are wiped out, morbidity can be reduced.2. strengthen water and fertilizer management, plough deeply expansion cave, increase
Organic fertilizer, P-K fertilizer, soil of spreading manuer in holes exempt from deep plough 200 grams/acre of inorganic agent, spread fertilizer over the fields protect 250 grams of geobiont bacterium Inoculant/
Mu, improved soil property is increase soil fertility, the resistance against diseases that enhancing tree stops.3. rainy season water drainage is noted, it is to avoid ponding, conscientiously
It is anti-to cure other pest and disease damages.Tie up careless October to November around trunk, trap and kill the insect that survives the winter, winter concentration is burnt.Winter ploughs
Turn over tree disk, eliminate wintering pest source, scrape bark, whitewash, clear garden.4. trapping lamp is installed in the season of growth.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms.Using the cultural method of the present invention, as long as general 1-2 enters
Fruiting period, last year, individual plant average product was up to 28.5kg, was truly realized the purpose of rapid-result high yield.
Claims (6)
1. the cultural method of planting fruit-trees short-term training high yield, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Alpine Area：The line-spacing setting-out of plant fruit seedling is planned by building well, Alpine Area is carried out with excavator, the moat for raising out
Ditch will deep 100 ㎝, wide 80 ㎝, raise moat when 35 more than ㎝ table soil is dug out to the one side for being placed on trench, 35-70 ㎝ cubsoil is dug
Go out to be deposited in the another side of trench, 70-100 ㎝ subsoil is dug and unclasped in trench；After trench is dug, three steps of soil point are returned
Fill out, the first step is dug on the subsoil of pine in trench puts being harvested including straw, husk, saw wood ash, dry branches and fallen leaves or crop for 10 ㎝ thickness
The vegetable fertilizer including stalk afterwards, second step backfills farm manure and table after mixing thoroughly and mixed with calcium superphosphate above vegetable fertilizer
Soil, wherein every meter long trench, which is applied, permits point 0.5 kilogram of 30-50 kilograms of farm manure, the calcium superphosphate become thoroughly decomposed, the 3rd step is complete by cubsoil
Portion is backfilled, and soil above ground level is made into black turtleback on trench；
（2）Dig planting pit：The spacing in the rows setting-out of fruit seedling is transplanted by planning on the line-spacing for moat of having raised, in the local excavated by manual work of setting-out
Each 30 ㎝ one long, deep, wide planting pit, digs out the soil come and smashs into river sand shape to pieces as cultivation seedling, each planting pit spreads fertilizer over the fields 3 grams of soil
Earth bacterium worm kills, and spreads the paddy for having urged bud；
（3）Lifting is managed：First three day of lifting discharges water nursery, and filling is thoroughly rear to be at once allowed to dry water, allows fruit seedling root system fully to absorb water, rises
Healthy and strong qualified nursery stock is selected during seedling, the side shoot of fruit seedling is all cut, only stay the trunk of 50-60 ㎝ length, clip painting；Fruit seedling
The root system exposed time on the ground was no more than 6 hours, if fruit seedling could be planted from garden is gone out to cultivation seedling base more than the time
It is good, then to need to carry out moisturizing processing to root system；
（4）It is colonized pre-treatment：Long fibrous root is cut with the tiltedly method of cutting, fibrous root is most long to stay 20 ㎝, and manually removes grafting membrane, with shifting
The vinegar solution immersion seedling root of spirit and 5% sugar solution or concentration for 1-2% is planted, is used after immersion and is mixed with root-inducing powder
Fish pond mud glues the root of nursery stock, with viscous with cultivation；
（5）Fruit seedling is colonized：The nursery stock that root system is stained with into root-inducing powder and fish pond mud is put into planting pit, and field planting is filled up with fine earth
Cave, after banketing, gently up carries nursery stock, and field planting soil is first compacted with pin, if compacting back root part is exposed, fine earth is filled out again and flooded
Root；The root water mixed with inverse life or Nanning mycin must be filled in either fine day rainy day after cultivation, planting pit；After perfusion water, treat
Water has oozed i.e. grave mound, after field planting is good, and ground spreads soil bacteria worm and kills elimination subterranean pest-insect, and the area that spread pesticides centered on seedling is no less than one
Square；
（6）Rich water quality management：When fruit seedling starts rudiment, root-inducing powder pouring root is used, is filled once within 7-10 days, continuous to fill 3 times, soil moisture
It should be maintained between 20%-70%；The season of growth of fruit seedling monthly tillage and weeding once, late May ground spread ground worm gram after shallow hoe；
When young sprout growth has 10 ㎝ length and blade to start to topdress when inherent colour is presented, topdress 10-15 days growth period once, apply fertilizer
Concentration is increased with increasing for blade, first light rear dense, while spraying foliar fertilizer weekly once；June starts ditching-fertilizing, opens
Combine and pour water when ditch applies fertilizer, earth backing again after pouring water；October basal dressing；
（7）Pruning：Done surely immediately after field planting, heading height 45-55 ㎝, be necessary for full bud under clip and clip is apart from bud
0.5 ㎝ or so；Cut sublateral shoot；Summer cuts twice, and help it is straight in do；
（8）Insect pest preventing and controlling.
2. the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of fruit tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, it is necessary to allow during Alpine Area
Loosening the soil for backfill is heavy real 90-100 days.
3. the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of fruit tree according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in lifting management process,
Root system moisturizing processing is according to four kinds of concrete operations of transplanting time point：The first is that fruit seedling is planted for 1-3 days from garden is gone out to cultivation seedling base,
I.e. fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and root system is wrapped with plastic sheeting；It is for second fruit seedling from garden is gone out to planting seedling base
Plant within 3-5 days, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and root system is sticked root NMF, then with plastic sheeting by root system
Wrap；The third is fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 5-10 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out after with 20 plants/bundle, and root
System sticks root NMF, then sprinkles moisturizing thing between root and root, is finally wrapped root system, seedling bar with plastic sheeting；4th
Kind be fruit seedling plants from going out garden for 10-20 days to seedling base is planted, i.e., fruit seedling dig out 20 plants afterwards/bundle, root system, which is sticked root, to be protected
Humectant, moisturizing thing is perfused between root and root and is wrapped again with plastic sheeting, stick NMF on seedling bar is wrapped with plastic sheeting, outside
Face adds packaging again.
4. the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of fruit tree according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described is with NMF：
The many good fortune 50g+ waters of the thin loess 20kg+ saw wood ashes 5kg+ of new high fat film 300g+ powder, wherein water are glued root by mud and are defined；Moisturizing
Thing is：The many good fortune 50g+ waters of saw wood ash 5kg+, wherein water is fully absorbed water by saw wood ash and is defined；Seedling bar NMF is new high fat film
800 times of liquid.
5. the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of fruit tree according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterised in that before field planting
In process step, moisturizing is handled before the nursery stock one of long-distance transport should be colonized immediately to base, then carries out heeling in processing.
6. the cultural method of the rapid-result high yield of fruit tree according to claim 5, it is characterised in that spray 100 after transplanted seedling tree-
150 times of carboxymethyl cellulose or 800 times of high fat film liquid or sleeving plastic film letter pipe apply branch NMF.
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| CN106665071A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-17 | 河南省天中人家生态农业发展有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for kiwi fruit-sweet potato interplanting |
| CN106856772B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for determining formula of fruit tree formula fertilizer |
| CN108849140A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 刘仲华 | A kind of gardens treelet protective device |
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